Energy harvesting antenna based on resonant magnetic dipoles

Abstract

The application relates to an energy collection antenna based on a resonant magnetic dipole. The energy collection antenna comprises a resonant unit, a coupling unit and an energy integration circuit, the resonant unit and the coupling unit have a coupling relationship and jointly form a double-open resonant structure, the coupling unit is connected with the energy integration circuit, the resonant unit is used for generating a resonant current under the action of a radio frequency signal, the coupling unit and the resonant unit are coupled to generate an induced current, and the energy integration circuit is used for generating electric energy according to the induced current. The energy collection antenna jointly forms the double-open resonant structure through the resonant unit and the coupling unit, the total area occupied by the energy collection antenna is reduced, and therefore the energy collection antenna is applicable to a small-volume micro electronic system or a network node.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of energy collection, in particular to an energy collection antenna based on a resonant magnetic dipole. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the progress and continuous development of society, radio frequency energy is ubiquitous. Wireless energy transmission and collection technology is a means for transmitting and obtaining electrical energy under the condition that the transmitting end and the receiving end are not in contact by using radio electromagnetic waves.

[0003] In the prior art, only microwatt or milliwatt level power can be collected during wireless energy collection, which makes it difficult for the collected wireless energy to provide effective energy for conventional electronic systems, and only low-power, small-size microelectronic systems or network nodes can be maintained in standby and work. Based on this, it is necessary to require the functional module for wireless energy collection to adapt to the microelectronic system or network node.

[0004] However, the functional module for wireless energy collection in the prior art is large in size and difficult to adapt to small-size microelectronic systems or network nodes. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an energy collection antenna based on a resonant magnetic dipole to reduce the size of the energy collection antenna and adapt to small-size microelectronic systems or network nodes.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides an energy collection antenna, which comprises a resonant unit, a coupling unit and an energy integration circuit; the resonant unit and the coupling unit have a coupling relationship and jointly constitute a double-open resonant structure; the coupling unit is connected with the energy integration circuit;

[0007] The resonant unit is configured to generate a resonant current under the action of a radio frequency signal, and the coupling unit and the resonant unit generate an induced current through coupling;

[0008] The energy integration circuit is configured to generate electrical energy according to the induced current.

[0009] In one of the embodiments, the resonant unit, the coupling unit and the energy integration circuit are all arranged on a dielectric substrate.

[0010] In one of the embodiments, the resonant unit and the coupling unit are arranged on the same side or different sides of the dielectric substrate.

[0011] In one of the embodiments, the resonant unit and the coupling unit are both ring structures with one side open.

[0012] In one of the embodiments, the coupling strength between the coupling unit and the resonant unit is related to the positional relationship between the open end of the resonant unit and the open end of the coupling unit.

[0013] In one of the embodiments, the resonant unit and the coupling unit are both square open loops, the resonant unit and the coupling unit are arranged in parallel, and the open end of the resonant unit and the open end of the coupling unit are completely opposite in position.

[0014] In one of the embodiments, the energy integration circuit includes a detection circuit and a load; a first end of the detection circuit is connected to a first side of the open end of the coupling unit, a second end of the detection circuit is connected to a first end of the load, a second end of the load is connected to a third end of the detection circuit, and a fourth end of the detection circuit is connected to a second side of the open end of the coupling unit.

[0015] The detection circuit is configured to convert the induced current output by the coupling unit into a direct current voltage signal to power the load.

[0016] In one of the embodiments, the detection circuit includes a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a first diode, and a second diode; a first end of the first capacitor is connected to a first side of the open end of the coupling unit, a second end of the first capacitor is connected to a positive electrode of the first diode, the second end of the first capacitor is connected to a negative electrode of the second diode, a negative electrode of the first diode is connected to a first end of the second capacitor, a second end of the second capacitor and a positive electrode of the second diode are both connected to a system ground, the second diode is connected in parallel with the second capacitor, the second capacitor is connected in parallel with the load, a first end of the load is connected to a negative electrode of the first diode, a second end of the load is connected to a second end of the second capacitor, and a positive electrode of the second diode and a second end of the second capacitor are both connected to a second side of the open end of the coupling unit.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, which includes the energy harvesting antenna provided in any of the embodiments of the first aspect.

[0018] In a third aspect, the present application provides an energy harvesting method, which is applied to the energy harvesting antenna in the above embodiments, and the method includes:

[0019] receiving a radio frequency signal and generating a resonant current according to the radio frequency signal;

[0020] generating an induced current under the coupling effect of the resonant current;

[0021] converting the induced current into electric energy.

[0022] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides an energy harvesting device, which includes:

[0023] a receiving module configured to receive a radio frequency signal and generate a resonant current according to the radio frequency signal;

[0024] a coupling module for converting the induced current into electrical energy.

[0025] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer device, comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, and the processor implementing the steps of the method provided in any of the embodiments of the third aspect when executing the computer program.

[0026] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, storing a computer program, and the computer program implementing the steps of the method provided in any of the embodiments of the third aspect when executed by a processor.

[0027] In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program, and the computer program implementing the steps of the method provided in any of the embodiments of the third aspect when executed by a processor.

[0028] The energy harvesting antenna based on the resonant magnetic dipole comprises a resonant unit, a coupling unit and an energy integration circuit. The resonant unit and the coupling unit have a coupling relationship and jointly constitute a double-open resonant structure. The coupling unit is connected with the energy integration circuit. The resonant unit is configured to generate a resonant current under the action of a radio frequency signal. The coupling unit and the resonant unit are coupled to generate an induced current. The energy integration circuit is configured to generate electrical energy according to the induced current. The energy harvesting antenna jointly constitutes a double-open resonant structure through the resonant unit and the coupling unit, thereby reducing the total area occupied by the energy harvesting antenna, and ensuring that the energy harvesting antenna is applicable to a small-volume micro-electronic system or a network node. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 An application environment diagram of an energy harvesting method in an embodiment;

[0030] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of an energy harvesting antenna in an embodiment;

[0031] Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram of an energy harvesting antenna in another embodiment;

[0032] Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of an energy harvesting antenna in another embodiment;

[0033] Figure 5 A structural schematic diagram of an energy harvesting antenna in another embodiment;

[0034] Figure 6 A structural schematic diagram of an energy harvesting antenna in another embodiment;

[0035] Figure 7 Structure diagram of an energy harvesting antenna in another embodiment;

[0036] Figure 8 Structure diagram of an energy harvesting antenna in another embodiment;

[0037] Figure 9 Test result diagram of an energy harvesting antenna in an embodiment;

[0038] Figure 10 Test result diagram of an energy harvesting antenna in another embodiment;

[0039] Figure 11 Flow diagram of an energy harvesting method in an embodiment;

[0040] Figure 12 Structure block diagram of an energy harvesting device in an embodiment.

[0041] Explanation of reference signs:

[0042] WiFi transmitting antenna 101; radio frequency signal 102;

[0043] Coupling unit 103; resonant unit 104;

[0044] Dielectric substrate 105; detection circuit 106;

[0045] Load 107; ground 108;

[0046] Energy integration circuit 201. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and do not limit the present application.

[0048] The energy harvesting method provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied in the application environment as shown in Figure 1 The energy harvesting antenna receives a radio frequency signal, then generates a resonant current according to the radio frequency signal, and generates an induced current under the coupling effect to convert the induced current into electric energy.

[0049] Wireless energy transmission and collection technology is a means of using wireless electromagnetic waves to transmit and collect electric energy under the condition that the transmitting end and the receiving end are not in contact. Among them, wireless energy, resonant wireless energy transmission and electromagnetic induction can be used to verify the lighting of a bulb at a long distance. However, due to the limitations of principles and technical conditions, the carrier frequency of wireless energy transmission is low, and the energy transmission coil is bulky; according to the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna, which are frequency-identical resonant spiral coils, 10MHz electromagnetic waves are used as carriers to achieve energy transmission at a distance of about 1m, and non-radiative medium-distance wireless energy transmission is achieved; according to the transmitting power and working frequency of wireless energy transmission, the energy transmission efficiency can reach more than 70% in medium and short distances. However, wireless energy transmission requires a specific high-power electromagnetic energy source, and can only achieve energy transmission near the transmitting source.

[0050] In the traditional technology, the main signals are WiFi and 4G signals between 1GHz-3GHz. If these radio frequency energy can be collected to power micro sensors and other low-power devices, the design and manufacturing costs of the energy source transmitting end can be saved, and energy collection anytime and anywhere can be achieved.

[0051] The energy collection technology around WiFi signals has become a research hotspot, and various new energy collection antennas and rectifier circuits have been proposed. For example, a metal antenna and a two-dimensional material detection circuit are used to form an energy collection system to achieve energy collection of 2.4GHz wireless signals. The development of a video monitoring system based on WiFi energy collection technology can realize 4 frames per second of image acquisition without batteries through commercial antennas and detection circuits.

[0052] At present, the wireless energy collection module mostly adopts conventional dipole antennas, folding antennas, or microstrip antenna designs, and the antenna size is more than 1 / 4 wavelength. For WiFi signals with a frequency of 2.4GHz, the size cannot be less than 25mm. These antennas need to be optimized for impedance matching circuits, resulting in complex system design and optimization process, and the energy collection efficiency is easily affected by changes in the detection circuit, which is difficult to meet the design requirements of strong electromagnetic coupling systems such as microsystems and miniature wireless network nodes.

[0053] In addition, the power that can be collected by WiFi energy collection is only in the order of microwatts or milliwatts, which is difficult to become an effective energy source for conventional electronic systems, so the collected energy can be used in low-power, small-size microsystems and miniature wireless network nodes to maintain the standby and operation of microsystems and miniature wireless network nodes. However, microsystems and miniature wireless network nodes require small-size WiFi energy collection modules, and the energy collection modules in the traditional technology are difficult to adapt to small-size microsystems and miniature wireless network nodes.

[0054] Based on this, the embodiment of the present application provides an energy harvesting antenna based on a resonant magnetic dipole, which can reduce the size of the energy harvesting antenna to adapt to a small volume of micro electronic system or network node.

[0055] The technical solutions of the present application and how the technical solutions solve the above technical problems will be specifically described below through embodiments and in combination with the drawings. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes can not be described again in some embodiments.

[0056] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments.

[0057] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 , an energy harvesting antenna is provided, which comprises a resonant unit, a coupling unit and an energy integration circuit; the resonant unit and the coupling unit have a coupling relationship and jointly constitute a double-open resonant structure; the coupling unit is connected with the energy integration circuit.

[0058] The resonant unit is used for generating a resonant current under the action of a radio frequency signal, and the coupling unit and the resonant unit are coupled to generate an induced current.

[0059] The energy integration circuit is used for generating electric energy according to the induced current.

[0060] Please continue to refer to Figure 2 , the resonant unit 104 is coupled with the coupling unit 103, and both of them are open structures, they jointly constitute a double-open resonant structure, and the coupling coil 103 is connected with the energy integration circuit 201. Among them, the resonant unit 104 is used for generating a resonant current under the action of a radio frequency signal 102, then the coupling unit 103 and the resonant unit 104 are coupled to generate an induced current, the energy integration circuit 201 is connected with the coupling unit 103, and the induced current generated by the coupling unit 103 is converted into electric energy.

[0061] Among them, the resonant unit 104 and the coupling unit 103 can be a half-open structure, it should be noted that, Figure 2 the size, opening position and structure shape of the resonant unit 104 and the coupling unit 103 in Figure 2 are not limited in the embodiments of the present application, the resonant unit 104 and the coupling unit 103 are the same size, the structure is a rectangular half-open structure, and the opening position is only for illustration.

[0062] Optionally, the resonant unit 104 can be a magnetic dipole resonant unit 104, and the coupling unit 103 can be a coupling coil.

[0063] A magnetic dipole is a physical model established by analogy with an electric dipole. A system composed of two point magnetic charges with equal and opposite signs is called a magnetic dipole. For example, a small magnetic needle can be regarded as a magnetic dipole, and the geomagnetic field can also be regarded as a field generated by a magnetic dipole. A magnetic dipole will rotate under the action of a torque, and only when the torque is zero will the magnetic dipole be in a state of equilibrium. Using this principle, the measurement of the magnetic field can be carried out. However, no single magnetic monopole has been found, so a circular loop carrying current is used as a model of a magnetic dipole.

[0064] A coil generally refers to a winding of wire in the shape of a ring. Coils include motors, inductors, transformers, and loop antennas. In a circuit, a coil refers to an inductor, which is a winding of wire one by one, and the wires are insulated from each other. The insulating tube can be hollow or contain a core or a magnetic powder core. In short, it is an inductor, which can be divided into fixed inductors and variable inductors. A fixed inductor coil is simply called an inductor or a coil.

[0065] The coil coupled with the magnetic dipole resonant unit is called a coupling coil, and both the magnetic dipole resonant unit and the coupling coil are open structures, which together form a double-open resonant structure. The double-open resonant structure can be a split-ring resonator (SRR) structure, which is a folded structure that can reduce the overall area occupied by the antenna under the same operating frequency conditions.

[0066] It should be noted that the SRR structure, as a typical basic structure of metamaterial units, has a deep subwavelength size. The SRR structure can generate loop current under the excitation of the magnetic component of the incident electromagnetic wave, and can fold and coil the metal conductor in a limited space to achieve the design of an electrically small antenna.

[0067] Optionally, for a 2.4 GHz operating frequency, the antenna size is ≤10 mm x 10 mm, i.e., the antenna size is ≤0.08λ, where λ is the wavelength, so that the antenna structure can meet the demand for electrically small antennas for micro-systems and miniaturized Internet of Things nodes.

[0068] The radio frequency signal 102 is a radio electromagnetic wave signal of a certain frequency, which can be a single frequency signal or a wide frequency signal, and comes from a WiFi router, a mobile signal base station, etc.

[0069] Therefore, the resonant unit 104 can match the frequency of the radio frequency signal 102 to generate a magnetic dipole resonance under the action of the radio frequency signal 102; and the coupling unit 103 can be strongly coupled with the resonant unit 104 to generate an induced current. The energy integration circuit 201 is connected with the coupling unit 103, and the energy integration circuit 201 converts the induced current generated by the coupling unit 103 into electrical energy.

[0070] The present application provides an energy harvesting antenna, which comprises a resonant unit, a coupling unit and an energy integration circuit. The resonant unit and the coupling unit have a coupling relationship and jointly form a double-open resonant structure. The coupling unit is connected with the energy integration circuit. The resonant unit is configured to generate a resonant current under the action of a radio frequency signal, and the coupling unit is coupled with the resonant unit to generate an induced current. The energy integration circuit is configured to generate electrical energy according to the induced current. The energy harvesting antenna jointly forms a double-open resonant structure through the resonant unit and the coupling unit, thereby reducing the overall area occupied by the energy harvesting antenna, and ensuring that the energy harvesting antenna is applicable to a small-volume micro-electronic system or network node.

[0071] In one embodiment, the resonant unit, the coupling unit and the energy integration circuit are all arranged on a dielectric substrate.

[0072] In the design of the energy harvesting antenna, the energy harvesting antenna is arranged on a dielectric substrate 105, and the arrangement is achieved by processing the energy harvesting antenna on the dielectric substrate 105 in the form of a printed circuit board (PCB). The thickness of the dielectric substrate 105 is much smaller than the wavelength.

[0073] Optionally, the dielectric substrate 105 can be a printed circuit board, in which a copper-clad laminate (referred to as a foil-clad board) is a substrate material for manufacturing a printed circuit board. In addition to supporting various components, it can also achieve electrical connection or electrical insulation between them.

[0074] In actual application, the positions of the resonant unit 104, the coupling unit 103 and the energy integration circuit 201 are not limited, for example, in one embodiment, the resonant unit and the coupling unit are arranged on the same side or different sides of the dielectric substrate.

[0075] The energy integration circuit 201 and the coupling unit 103 are arranged on the same side of the dielectric substrate 105, and the energy integration circuit 201 and the coupling unit 103 are arranged on different sides of the dielectric substrate 105. In addition, the energy integration circuit 201 is connected with the coupling unit 103, but the energy integration circuit 201 and the coupling unit 103 can be arranged on the same side of the dielectric substrate 105 or on different sides of the dielectric substrate 105.

[0076] In one embodiment, the resonant unit and the coupling unit are both ring structures with one side open.

[0077] The resonant unit 104 and the coupling unit 103 jointly constitute a double-open resonant structure, and the resonant unit 104 and the coupling unit 103 are both ring structures with one side open. The size of the opening is not limited and can be set according to actual application. Alternatively, the resonant unit 104 and the coupling unit 103 can be square open rings, rectangular open rings, or circular open rings.

[0078] In one embodiment, the coupling strength between the coupling unit and the resonant unit is related to the positional relationship between the open end of the resonant unit and the open end of the coupling unit.

[0079] By adjusting the distance and relative position between the coupling unit 103 and the resonant unit 104, the coupling strength between the two can be changed. The relative position refers to the relative position of the open end of the coupling unit 103 and the open end of the resonant unit 104.

[0080] Alternatively, there is a critical coupling state between the positional relationship between the open end of the resonant unit 104 and the open end of the coupling unit 103. When the positional relationship between the open end of the resonant unit 104 and the open end of the coupling unit 103 is at the critical value, the coupling strength between the coupling unit 103 and the resonant unit 104 is the largest.

[0081] In actual application, the coupling strength between the coupling unit 103 and the resonant unit 104 is changed by adjusting the positional relationship between the open end of the resonant unit 104 and the open end of the coupling unit 103. For example, the coupling unit 103 and the resonant unit 104 can be open in the same direction, or can be open in different directions, such as Figure 3 as shown in Figure 3 (a) indicates that the coupling unit 103 and the resonant unit 104 are open in the same direction, and the opening angle of the coupling unit 103 and the resonant unit 104 is 0; Figure 3 (b) indicates that the coupling unit 103 is open by 180° compared with the resonant unit 104.

[0082] Wherein, the resonant unit 104 and the coupling unit 103 can be in the same ring core or in different ring cores, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0083] In one embodiment, the resonant unit and the coupling unit are both square open rings, the resonant unit and the coupling unit are arranged in parallel, and the open end of the resonant unit and the open end of the coupling unit are completely opposite.

[0084] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 4 Figure 4 ​This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of a resonant unit 104 and a coupling unit 103. Both the resonant unit 104 and the coupling unit 103 at the energy harvesting end are square open rings, and they are located on different sides of the dielectric substrate 105, i.e., parallel to each other. The open ends of the resonant unit 104 and the coupling unit 103 are completely opposite in position, meaning the open end of the resonant unit 104 is rotated 180° relative to the open end of the coupling unit 103, or vice versa. It should be noted that... Figure 4 In the middle section, 105 is a dielectric substrate 105. The coupling unit 103 and the resonant unit 104 are arranged parallel to each other on the front and rear sides of the dielectric substrate 105, respectively, and their opening directions are completely opposite. Figure 4 To more clearly illustrate the positional relationship between the coupling unit 103 and the resonant unit 104, the positions of the coupling unit 103 and the resonant unit 104 are only shown in a simplified diagram.

[0085] Optionally, the side length of the square open ring can be set to 1 cm, wherein the side length of the resonant unit 104 and the side length of the coupling unit 103 can be the same or different. Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing that the coupling unit 103 and the resonant unit 104 are on the same side of the dielectric substrate 105, and the opening end of the resonant unit 104 and the opening end of the coupling unit 103 are in completely opposite positions.

[0086] In one embodiment, the energy integration circuit includes a detector circuit and a load; a first end of the detector circuit is connected to a first side of the open end of the coupling unit, a second end of the detector circuit is connected to a first end of the load, a second end of the load is connected to a third end of the detector circuit, and a fourth end of the detector circuit is connected to a second side of the open end of the coupling unit.

[0087] The detector circuit is used to convert the induced current output by the coupling unit into a DC voltage signal to power the load.

[0088] like Figure 6 As shown, the energy integration circuit 201 includes a detector circuit 106 and a load 107. The first end of the detector circuit 106 is connected to the first side of the open end of the coupling unit 103, the second end of the detector circuit 106 is connected to the first end of the load 107, the second end of the load 107 is connected to the third end of the detector circuit 106, and the fourth end of the detector circuit 106 is connected to the second side of the open end of the coupling unit 103.

[0089] In one embodiment, the detection circuit includes a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a first diode and a second diode; a first end of the first capacitor is connected to a first side of an opening end of the coupling unit, a second end of the first capacitor is connected to a positive electrode of the first diode, the second end of the first capacitor is connected to a negative electrode of the second diode, a negative electrode of the first diode is connected to a first end of the second capacitor, a second end of the second capacitor and a positive electrode of the second diode are both connected to a system ground, the second diode is connected in parallel with the second capacitor, the second capacitor is connected in parallel with a load, a first end of the load is connected to a negative electrode of the first diode, a second end of the load is connected to the second end of the second capacitor, the second end of the second capacitor is connected to a second side of the opening end of the coupling unit, and the positive electrode of the second diode and the second end of the second capacitor are both connected to the second side of the opening end of the coupling unit.

[0090] As shown in Figure 7 , Figure 7 The detection circuit 106 includes a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a first diode and a second diode, wherein a is the first capacitor, b is the first diode, c is the second capacitor, and d is the second diode. The first capacitor a is connected in series with the first diode b, the first capacitor a is connected in series with the second diode d, the second diode d is connected in parallel with the second capacitor c, and the second capacitor c is connected in series with the first diode b. The first capacitor a is connected with the second capacitor c through the first diode b, that is, the first diode b is arranged between the first capacitor a and the second capacitor c. In addition, the load 107 is connected in series with the first capacitor a and the first diode b, and is connected in parallel with the second capacitor c.

[0091] Specifically, a first end of the first capacitor a is connected to a first side of an opening end of the coupling unit 103, a second end of the first capacitor a is connected to a positive electrode of the first diode b, the second end of the first capacitor a is connected to a negative electrode of the second diode d, a negative electrode of the first diode b is connected to a first end of the second capacitor c, the second diode d is connected in parallel with the second capacitor c, a second end of the second capacitor c is connected to a second side of the opening end of the coupling unit 103, the second capacitor c is connected in parallel with the load 107, a first end of the load 107 is connected to a negative electrode of the first diode b, and a second end of the load 107 is connected to the second end of the second capacitor c.

[0092] The detection circuit 106 is also connected to a system ground, and specifically, a second end of the second capacitor c and a positive electrode of the second diode d are both connected to the system ground.

[0093] Please continue to refer to Figure 7The detection circuit 106 is connected with the coupling coil 103, the radio frequency signal 102 causes resonance in the resonant unit 104, thereby causing induced current in the coupling coil 103, generating an alternating voltage across the coupling coil 103, passing through the detection circuit 106 composed of the first capacitor a, the second capacitor c, the first diode b and the second diode d, generating a direct current output voltage signal, connected to one end of the circuit load 107, the load 107 can be a micro system, a micro Internet of Things node or a battery, therefore, the direct current generated by the detection circuit 106 powers or charges the load 107.

[0094] In one embodiment, the resonant unit 104 is a magnetic dipole resonant unit, the coupling unit 103 is a coupling coil, and the embodiment proposes an energy harvesting antenna structure, which includes a magnetic dipole resonant unit, a coupling coil, a detection circuit 106, a load 107, a system ground and a dielectric substrate 105. The magnetic dipole resonant unit, the coupling coil, the detection circuit 106, the load 107 and the system ground are all arranged on the dielectric substrate 105, the magnetic dipole resonant unit and the coupling coil are both half-open loop structures, and together they form a double-layer open resonant loop structure, the coupling coil is connected with the detection circuit 106, that is, the magnetic dipole resonant unit is connected with the detection circuit 106 through the coupling coil, so that the coupling coil realizes impedance matching of the magnetic dipole resonant unit and the detection circuit 106, so that the radio frequency signal 102 from the transmitting end is converted into a direct current signal after passing through the magnetic dipole resonant unit, the coupling coil and the detection circuit 106, and then provides energy required for the load 107 to work.

[0095] In the embodiment, a folded coupling coil and a magnetic dipole resonant unit can be used, so that the energy harvesting antenna can realize high-quality resonance in a specific frequency band in a small area, for example, at an operating frequency of 2.4 GHz, the antenna size is ≤10mm×10mm, that is, the antenna size is ≤0.08λ.

[0096] The double-layer open resonant loop structure composed of the magnetic dipole resonant unit and the coupling coil in the embodiment can reduce the overall size of the energy harvesting antenna and improve the harvesting efficiency, meeting the requirements of miniaturization and independent operation of wireless network nodes or electronic systems.

[0097] And the magnetic dipole resonant unit can effectively couple the radio frequency signal 102. If the magnetic dipole resonant unit 104 is directly connected to the detection circuit 106, an impedance matching circuit needs to be designed between the two. But the impedance matching circuit is easily affected by the load 107, the frequency and power of the radio frequency signal 102. Therefore, the embodiment of the application connects the magnetic dipole resonant unit with the detection circuit 106 through the coupling coil, and realizes high reliable impedance matching between the magnetic dipole resonant unit in the antenna structure and the detection circuit 106 by adjusting the coupling strength between the coupling coil and the resonant unit 104, so that the energy harvesting antenna structure can realize perfect impedance matching without the impedance matching circuit, and a high performance and high reliable antenna design is realized.

[0098] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 8 , Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the composition and overall structure of the energy harvesting antenna. Among them, Figure 8 The components and signals involved in the embodiment include: a WiFi transmitting antenna 101, a radio frequency signal 102, a coupling coil 103, a magnetic dipole resonant unit 104, a dielectric substrate 105, a detection circuit 106, a circuit load 107, and a ground line 108 in the system, which together constitute a magnetic dipole antenna. It should be noted that Figure 8 In the embodiment, only the dielectric substrate 105 is shown, and in actual application, Figure 8 The coupling coil 103, the magnetic dipole resonant unit 104, the detection circuit 106, the circuit load 107, and the ground line 108 in the system are all arranged on the dielectric substrate 105.

[0099] As shown in Figure 9 , Figure 9 is a typical test result of the transmission coefficient S21 of the WiFi transmitting antenna 101 to the receiving port of the magnetic dipole antenna. S21 is the forward transmission coefficient, that is, the gain; it represents the transmission coefficient of the radio frequency energy from the transmitting end to the receiving end, that is, the ratio of the output power of the output end to the transmission power of the transmitting end. Alternatively, a vector network analyzer can be used to collect the transmission coefficient S21.

[0100] As shown in Figure 10 , Figure 10 is a test result of the output voltage of the magnetic dipole antenna and the power of the load 107 varying with the distance between the WiFi transmitting antenna 101 and the magnetic dipole antenna. The frequency of the radio frequency signal 102 is fixed at the resonant frequency of the magnetic dipole antenna, that is, the frequency of the radio frequency signal 102 is equal to the resonant frequency of the magnetic dipole antenna, and the distance between the WiFi transmitting antenna 101 and the receiving antenna is changed, and the maximum direct current voltage obtained is 250mV, and the direct current power is 50μW. And if the antenna transmission power is increased, a higher detection power can be obtained.

[0101] The resonant magnetic dipole antenna in the embodiment of the application can efficiently collect WiFi energy, has small volume and simple design, and can be applied to energy supply of micro systems and micro Internet of Things nodes.

[0102] It should be noted that the structural diagram of all energy collection antennas in the application only shows the functional elements or signals involved and the inclusion and connection relationship between the elements, and does not represent the spatial relative position and size relationship between the elements.

[0103] In one embodiment, the application also provides an electronic device including the energy collection antenna provided by any of the above embodiments, which has a similar implementation principle to the above method embodiments, and thus will not be described here.

[0104] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 11 The application provides an energy collection method, applied to the energy collection antenna in the above embodiment, and the embodiment includes the following steps:

[0105] S1101, receiving a radio frequency signal and generating a resonant current according to the radio frequency signal.

[0106] Please continue to refer to Figure 8 The WiFi transmitting antenna 101 emits a radio frequency signal 102, and the energy collection antenna receives the radio frequency signal 102. Specifically, the radio frequency signal 102 is received by the resonant unit 104 in the energy collection antenna, and the resonant unit 104 generates a resonant current under the action of the radio frequency signal 102.

[0107] The radio frequency signal 102 is a modulated electromagnetic wave with a certain transmission frequency. When the electromagnetic wave frequency is lower than 100 kHz, the electromagnetic wave will be absorbed by the earth surface and cannot form effective transmission. Once the electromagnetic wave frequency is higher than 100 kHz, the electromagnetic wave can propagate in the air and be reflected by the ionosphere at the outer edge of the atmosphere, forming a long-distance transmission capability. The high-frequency electromagnetic wave with long-distance transmission capability is called radio frequency.

[0108] For a wireless communication system, electromagnetic waves need to be radiated into space and received from space, and this process is realized through an antenna. The directly received radio frequency electromagnetic wave cannot be subjected to analog-to-digital conversion and subsequent information processing. The function of the radio frequency receiver is to down-convert the high-frequency electromagnetic wave easy to transmit to a low-frequency signal that can be used for information processing.

[0109] According to the resonant unit 104 in the energy collection antenna receiving the radio frequency signal 102 emitted by the transmitting end, the frequency of the radio frequency signal 102 can be optionally fixed at the resonant frequency of the resonant unit 104, that is, the frequency of the radio frequency signal 102 is controlled to be the same as the resonant frequency of the resonant unit 104.

[0110] By adjusting the distance between the WiFi transmitting antenna 101 and the resonant unit 104 in the energy harvesting antenna, the amount of energy that the energy harvesting antenna can receive, i.e., the resonant current generated by the resonant unit 104, can be changed.

[0111] It should be noted that the distance between the transmitting end and the resonant unit 104 and the transmitting power of the transmitting end will affect the resonant current generated by the resonant unit 104.

[0112] S1102, an induced current is generated under the coupling action of the resonant current.

[0113] Please continue to see Figure 8 The resonant unit 104 receives the radio frequency signal 102 and couples with the radio frequency signal 102 to obtain a resonant current, and then the resonant unit 104 can couple with the coupling unit 103 to generate an induced current in the coupling unit 103.

[0114] The coupling unit 103 and the resonant unit 104 are both ring structures with one side open, and together they form a double-open resonant structure. Therefore, the positional relationship between the coupling unit 103 and the resonant unit 104 affects the coupling strength between the coupling unit 103 and the resonant unit 104. The positional relationship between the coupling unit 103 and the resonant unit 104 includes the distance between the coupling unit 103 and the resonant unit 104, the relative position of the open end of the coupling unit 103 and the open end of the resonant unit 104, etc.

[0115] Therefore, the amount of induced current generated by the coupling unit 103 under the coupling action of the resonant current can change with the change of the positional relationship between the coupling unit 103 and the resonant unit 104.

[0116] S1103, the induced current is converted into electrical energy.

[0117] Converting the induced current into electrical energy is essentially converting the alternating current corresponding to the induced current into direct current. Therefore, the way to convert the induced current into electrical energy can be to convert the alternating current into direct current energy through an energy integration circuit. Specifically, a rectifier diode in the energy integration circuit can be used to convert the induced current into direct current energy.

[0118] Detection refers to the process of detecting the modulated signal from the modulated signal. The detection circuit can convert alternating current into direct current. Therefore, the detection circuit can be used to convert the induced current into electrical energy. Please continue to see Figure 8The inductive current generates an alternating voltage across the coupling unit 103, and then passes through a detection circuit 106 composed of a capacitor and a diode to generate a direct current output voltage signal, i.e., electric energy; then the electric energy output by the detection circuit 106 is connected to both ends of the load 107, which can power the micro system or the micro Internet of Things node, and can also charge the battery.

[0119] The above energy harvesting method receives a radio frequency signal, generates a resonant current according to the radio frequency signal, generates an induced current under the coupling effect of the resonant current, and converts the induced current into electric energy. In this method, the resonant unit 104 generates a resonant current according to the received radio frequency signal 102, and then the coupling unit 103 generates an induced current under the coupling effect of the resonant current, and then converts the induced current into electric energy, thereby powering the micro system or the micro Internet of Things node, or charging the battery, achieving power supply for the small volume micro electronic system or network node.

[0120] It should be understood that although each step in the flowchart involved in each of the above embodiments is displayed in sequence according to the arrow, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrow. Unless otherwise specified herein, the execution of these steps is not strictly limited in sequence, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least part of the steps in the flowchart involved in each of the above embodiments can include multiple steps or stages, which are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and the execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be alternately executed with at least part of other steps or steps or stages in other steps.

[0121] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiments of the present application also provide an energy harvesting device for implementing the above-mentioned energy harvesting method. The implementation scheme for solving the problem provided by the device is similar to the implementation scheme described in the above method, so the specific limitations in one or more energy harvesting device embodiments provided below can refer to the limitations of the energy harvesting method described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0122] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 12 An energy harvesting device 1200 is provided, comprising a receiving module 1201, a coupling module 1202, and a conversion module 1203, wherein:

[0123] The receiving module 1201 is configured to receive a radio frequency signal and generate a resonant current according to the radio frequency signal;

[0124] The coupling module 1202 is configured to generate an induced current under the coupling effect of the resonant current;

[0125] The conversion module 1203 is used to convert induced current into electrical energy.

[0126] Each module in the aforementioned energy harvesting device can be implemented entirely or partially through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. These modules can be embedded in or independent of the processor in a computer device, or stored in the memory of a computer device as software, so that the processor can call and execute the operations corresponding to each module.

[0127] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to perform the following steps:

[0128] It receives radio frequency signals and generates resonant current based on the radio frequency signals;

[0129] An induced current is generated under the coupling effect of the resonant current;

[0130] The induced current is converted into electrical energy.

[0131] The computer device provided in the above embodiments has a similar implementation principle and technical effect to the above method embodiments, and will not be described again here.

[0132] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, the computer program performing the following steps when executed by a processor:

[0133] It receives radio frequency signals and generates resonant current based on the radio frequency signals;

[0134] An induced current is generated under the coupling effect of the resonant current;

[0135] Convert induced current into electrical energy.

[0136] The computer-readable storage medium provided in the above embodiments has a similar implementation principle and technical effect to the above method embodiments, and will not be described again here.

[0137] In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, performs the following steps:

[0138] It receives radio frequency signals and generates resonant current based on the radio frequency signals;

[0139] An induced current is generated under the coupling effect of the resonant current;

[0140] Convert induced current into electrical energy.

[0141] The computer program product provided in the above embodiments has a similar implementation principle and technical effect to the above method embodiments, and will not be described again here.

[0142] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user equipment information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in the present application are all information and data authorized by the user or authorized by all parties.

[0143] It can be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the above-mentioned embodiments. Any reference to memory, database or other medium used in the embodiments provided by the present application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical storage, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive memory (ReRAM), magnetoresistive memory (Magnetoresistive Random Access Memory, MRAM), ferroelectric memory (Ferroelectric Random Access Memory, FRAM), phase change memory (Phase Change Memory, PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) or external cache memory, etc. As an illustration but not limitation, RAM can be in various forms, such as static random access memory (Static Random Access Memory, SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (Dynamic Random Access Memory, DRAM), etc. The database involved in the embodiments provided by the present application can include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database. The non-relational database can include a distributed database based on a block chain, etc., without being limited thereto. The processor involved in the embodiments provided by the present application can be a general-purpose processor, a central processing unit, a graphics processing unit, a digital signal processor, a programmable logic device, a data processing logic device based on quantum computing, etc., without being limited thereto.

[0144] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described, but as long as the combination of the technical features does not exist contradictory, it should be considered as the scope of the present application.

[0145] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several embodiments of the present application, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but should not be understood as a limitation on the scope of the patent. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which are all within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. An energy harvesting antenna, characterized in that, The energy harvesting antenna includes: a resonant unit, a coupling unit, and an energy integration circuit; the resonant unit and the coupling unit are coupled together and together form a double-slit resonant structure; the coupling unit is connected to the energy integration circuit; the double-slit resonant structure is a double-layered open-loop resonant structure; the energy integration circuit includes a detector circuit and a load; the first end of the detector circuit is connected to the first side of the open end of the coupling unit, the second end of the detector circuit is connected to the first end of the load, the second end of the load is connected to the third end of the detector circuit, and the fourth end of the detector circuit is connected to the second side of the open end of the coupling unit; The resonant unit is used to generate a resonant current under the action of a radio frequency signal, and the coupling unit is coupled with the resonant unit to generate an induced current; The energy integration circuit is used to generate electrical energy based on the induced current; The detection circuit is used to convert the induced current output by the coupling unit into a DC voltage signal to supply power to the load. Both the resonant unit and the coupling unit are ring structures with an opening on one side. The coupling strength between the coupling unit and the resonant unit is related to the positional relationship between the opening ends of the resonant unit and the coupling unit. When the positional relationship between the opening ends of the resonant unit and the coupling unit is in a critical state, the coupling strength between the coupling unit and the resonant unit is at its maximum. Both the resonant unit and the coupling unit are square open rings. The resonant unit and the coupling unit are arranged in parallel, and the positions of the open ends of the resonant unit and the coupling unit are completely opposite.

2. The energy harvesting antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The resonant unit, the coupling unit, and the energy integration circuit are all disposed on the dielectric substrate.

3. The energy harvesting antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The resonant unit and the coupling unit are disposed on the same side or different sides of the dielectric substrate.

4. The energy harvesting antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection circuit includes a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a first diode, and a second diode. The first terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the first side of the opening of the coupling unit. The second terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the anode of the first diode. The second terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the cathode of the second diode. The cathode of the first diode is connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor. The second terminal of the second capacitor and the anode of the second diode are both grounded. The second diode and the second capacitor are connected in parallel. The second capacitor is connected in parallel with the load. The first terminal of the load is connected to the cathode of the first diode. The second terminal of the load is connected to the second terminal of the second capacitor. The anode of the second diode and the second terminal of the second capacitor are both connected to the second side of the opening of the coupling unit.

5. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes the energy harvesting antenna according to any one of claims 1-4.

6. An energy harvesting method, characterized in that, The method, applied to the energy harvesting antenna of any one of claims 1-4, comprises: Receives radio frequency signals and generates a resonant current based on the radio frequency signals; An induced current is generated under the coupling effect of the resonant current; The induced current is converted into electrical energy.

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