Acid cycle internal formation system and method for lead-acid battery

Abstract

The invention discloses an acid circulation internal formation system and method for a lead-acid battery, wherein an acid circulation internal formation system for a lead-acid battery is disclosed, comprising: a circulation working tank, having a first acid outlet pipe and a first acid return pipe, a circulation interface inlet pipe and a circulation interface outlet pipe arranged in pairs are arranged between the circulation working tank and the first acid outlet pipe; a low-density acid tank, storing acid liquid of a first density, and directly or through the circulation working tank to supply the acid liquid of the first density to the lead-acid battery, and receiving the acid liquid from the circulation working tank; a high-density acid tank, storing acid liquid of a second density higher than the first density, and the high-density acid tank directly or through the circulation working tank to supply the acid liquid of the second density to the lead-acid battery, and receiving the acid liquid from the circulation working tank; a concentrated sulfuric acid tank and a pure water tank; a cooling mechanism and a heating mechanism. The invention also discloses an acid circulation internal formation method for a lead-acid battery, using the system as described above to form the lead-acid battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of lead-acid battery formation, and in particular relates to an acid circulation internal formation system and method of a lead-acid battery. Background Art

[0002] During the production process of lead-acid batteries, acid circulation and internalization are required.

[0003] The acid circulation internalization formation equipment in the prior art is a lead-acid battery internalization formation equipment disclosed in Chinese patent publication number CN208820020U, which includes a workbench provided with a battery pack, an acid inlet pipeline, an acid return pipeline and an acid liquid storage device, wherein the acid return pipeline is provided with a waste gas recovery device, and the waste gas recovery device includes an acid mist purification device and a waste gas purification device connected by pipelines; the acid mist purification device includes a spray tower on the left, a spray tower on the right and a pool provided with lime water at the bottom, the spray tower and the spray tower are connected through the pool, and the liquid level of the pool is not higher than 1 / 2 of the total height of the pool; the top of the spray tower is provided with a spray device that can cover the entire cross section, and the top side of the spray tower is provided with an air inlet; the top side of the spray tower is provided with an exhaust port, and the middle of the spray tower is provided with an exhaust port. The exhaust gas purification device is provided with a spray device that can cover the entire cross-section, a filter screen that rotates with the transmission device is provided between the spray device and the exhaust port, and a brush plate is provided on the outside of the filter screen; the exhaust gas purification device comprises an air compression device, a palladium membrane separation device and a hydrogen storage device connected by pipelines; the palladium membrane separation device is a horizontally arranged cylindrical cavity, and an air inlet and an air outlet are provided at both ends of the cylindrical cavity, respectively, and the cylindrical cavity is also provided with a palladium membrane separation component, and a hydrogen outlet pipe is provided in the palladium membrane separation component; the hydrogen outlet pipe is connected to the hydrogen storage device, the air inlet is connected to the air outlet pipe of the air compression device, the air inlet pipe of the air compression device is connected to the spray acid removal device, the air outlet is provided with a safety valve, and a water vapor separation device is also provided between the air outlet pipe and the air inlet.

[0004] Another example is a lead-acid battery acid circulation internalization device disclosed in a Chinese patent with publication number CN204179172U, which includes a high-position acid storage tank and a low-position acid return tank, wherein the high-position acid storage tank is connected to an acid inlet vertical pipe, the low-position acid return tank is connected to an acid return port, an acid circulation pipe is connected between the low-position acid return tank and the high-position acid storage tank, and a circulation pump is arranged on the acid circulation pipe; the acid inlet vertical pipe is connected to a horizontal acid inlet main horizontal pipe, a first acid inlet horizontal pipe is arranged parallel to the acid inlet main horizontal pipe, and a first acid inlet horizontal pipe is arranged parallel to the first acid inlet horizontal pipe. A second acid inlet transverse pipe is provided, the acid inlet vertical pipe is vertically connected in the middle of the acid inlet main transverse pipe, two ends of the first acid inlet transverse pipe are connected with two ends of the acid inlet main transverse pipe, the left end of the second acid inlet transverse pipe is connected with the left end of the first acid inlet transverse pipe, the right end of the second acid inlet transverse pipe and the left end of the first acid inlet transverse pipe are both connected with the low-position acid return tank through an acid return auxiliary pipe, the first acid inlet transverse pipe and the second acid inlet transverse pipe are both provided with a plurality of acid inlets arranged side by side; valves are provided on the acid inlet main transverse pipe, the first acid inlet transverse pipe, the second acid inlet transverse pipe and the acid return auxiliary pipe.

[0005] The acid cycle internalization in the prior art usually involves adding low-concentration dilute sulfuric acid at room temperature to the start-stop lead-acid battery through an acid pump at a certain pressure; during the entire charging process, the acid in the acid tank will continue to exchange acid with the inside of the battery, and then the acid will be exchanged through a high-density acid tank and continue until the end of charging. This traditional acid cycle formation method will cause the battery temperature to drop significantly during the first stage of the charging process, and it is impossible to guarantee the first stage battery formation temperature; especially in winter; because the battery temperature cannot be effectively controlled, this traditional acid cycle formation system will cause the lead dioxide content of the positive electrode of the start-stop lead-acid battery after charging in a winter environment to fail to meet the process requirements, thereby causing the battery's discharge capacity to fail to meet the nominal capacity requirements. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an acid circulation internal formation system and method for a lead-acid battery.

[0007] An acid circulation internal formation system for a lead storage battery, comprising:

[0008] The circulation working tank has a first acid outlet pipe and a first acid return pipe. A circulation interface inlet pipe and a circulation interface outlet pipe are arranged in pairs between the circulation working tank and the first acid outlet pipe and are used for circulating acid into and out of the lead-acid battery. The circulation interface inlet pipe is used for acid inlet to the lead-acid battery, and the circulation interface outlet pipe is used for acid out of the lead-acid battery.

[0009] A cooling mechanism is used to cool the acid liquid in the circulating working tank;

[0010] A low-density acid tank is used to store acid liquid of a first density, and can directly or through a circulation working tank to supply the acid liquid of the first density to the lead storage battery connected between the circulation interface pipes, and receive the acid liquid from the circulation working tank;

[0011] A heating mechanism, used for heating the acid liquid in the low-density acid tank;

[0012] A high-density acid tank, used for storing acid liquid of a second density, wherein the second density is higher than the first density, and the high-density acid tank can supply the acid liquid of the second density to the lead-acid battery connected between the circulation interface pipes directly or through the circulation working tank, and receive the acid liquid from the circulation working tank;

[0013] A concentrated sulfuric acid tank, storing concentrated sulfuric acid for increasing the density of the acid solution in the circulating working tank, wherein the density of the concentrated sulfuric acid is greater than the second density;

[0014] Pure water tank, used to store pure water for lowering the density of acid in the circulating working tank.

[0015] Preferably, the first acid outlet pipe includes one, two or more, and a pair of circulation interface inlet pipe and circulation interface outlet pipe are provided between each first acid outlet pipe and the circulation working tank, and multiple lead-acid batteries can be arranged in parallel between each pair of circulation interface inlet pipe and circulation interface outlet pipe.

[0016] Specifically, a plurality of lead-acid batteries connected in parallel between a pair of circulation interface inlet pipes and circulation interface outlet pipes can simultaneously perform acid circulation internalization.

[0017] Preferably, each first acid outlet pipe is provided with a first valve, each first acid outlet pipe is connected to the same first acid return pipe, the first acid return pipe is provided with a first acid pump, and a section of the first acid return pipe between the first acid pump and the circulation working tank is provided with a second valve;

[0018] The circulating working tank also has an acid distribution pipe, one end of which is connected to a section of the first acid return pipe located before the first acid pump, and an acid distribution valve is arranged on the acid distribution pipe.

[0019] Specifically, by controlling the opening and closing of the first valve and the second valve, the amount of acid flowing out of each lead-acid battery and the amount of acid flowing out of the lead-acid battery and into the circulation working tank are controlled. The first acid pump provides power for the flow of the acid and controls the direction of the flow of the acid.

[0020] Preferably, the cooling mechanism comprises a cooling tower having a cooling acid inlet pipe and a cooling acid outlet pipe, the cooling acid inlet pipe is connected to one of the circulation interface inlet pipes or is directly connected to the circulation working tank; the cooling acid outlet pipe is connected to a section of the first acid return pipe located before the first acid pump and is driven by the first acid pump, or the cooling acid outlet pipe is directly connected to the circulation working tank and is driven by another acid pump; the heating mechanism is a heating pipe.

[0021] Specifically, before the initial acid addition, the acid liquid needs to be heated so that the temperature of the acid liquid is between 35°C and 65°C. The acid liquid will heat up after flowing into each lead-acid battery for formation. When the temperature of the acid liquid in the lead-acid battery rises to 75°C, it needs to be discharged and cooled to 55°C-65°C before the next use. Therefore, a cooling mechanism and a heating mechanism need to be set in the system.

[0022] Preferably, the low-density acid tank has a second acid outlet pipe and a second acid return pipe, the second acid outlet pipe is connected to a section of the first acid return pipe located before the first acid pump, the second acid return pipe is connected to a section of the first acid return pipe located between the first acid pump and the second valve, the second acid outlet pipe is provided with a third valve, and the second acid return pipe is provided with a fourth valve;

[0023] The high-density acid tank has a third acid outlet pipe and a third acid return pipe, the third acid outlet pipe is connected to a section of the first acid return pipe located before the first acid pump, the third acid return pipe is connected to a section of the first acid return pipe located between the first acid pump and the second valve, the third acid outlet pipe is provided with a fifth valve, and the third acid return pipe is provided with a sixth valve.

[0024] Specifically, the acid solution in the low-density acid tank needs to flow into the circulating working tank first and then into each lead-acid battery, and the acid solution that needs to be heated also flows into the low-density acid tank after flowing out of the circulating working tank for heating; Therefore, the second acid outlet pipe and the second acid return pipe need to be communicated with the first acid return pipe and are respectively connected to both sides of the first acid pump; The third valve and the fourth valve provided are used to control the amount of the acid solution flowing out from the low-density acid tank and the amount of the acid solution flowing into the low-density acid tank respectively;

[0025] After the lead-acid battery is fully charged, the acid in the lead-acid battery needs to be drained and the second density (1.280g / cm 3 -1.315g / cm 3 ) is introduced into the lead-acid battery, the second density acid stored in the high-density acid tank is obtained by mixing in the circulation working tank before the formation begins, and when the second density acid is introduced into the lead-acid battery, it also needs to flow into the circulation working tank first, so the third acid return pipe and the third acid outlet pipe must be connected to the first acid return pipe.

[0026] Preferably, a detection branch pipe is provided between one of the circulation interface inlet pipes and a section of the first acid return pipe located before the first acid pump, and a densitometer for detecting the density of the acid liquid and a first flow meter for detecting the flow rate of the acid liquid are provided on the detection branch pipe;

[0027] A filter element for filtering acid liquid is provided on the first acid return pipe at the upstream side of the first acid pump.

[0028] Specifically, during the entire chemical formation process, the density of the acid solution will change, so it is necessary to test the density of the acid solution to confirm again where this batch of acid solution needs to be directed;

[0029] The acid flowing out of the lead-acid battery is involved in the chemical formation process, so it will contain impurities such as lead paste that falls from the plates, so a filter element is needed to filter it.

[0030] Preferably, it also includes a concentrated alkali tank for storing alkali solution, wherein the concentrated alkali tank is connected to the circulating working tank via an alkali solution inlet pipe, and the alkali solution inlet pipe is provided with a seventh valve and a second flow meter;

[0031] The concentrated sulfuric acid tank is connected to the circulation working tank through a concentrated sulfuric acid adding pipe, and the concentrated sulfuric acid adding pipe is provided with a second acid pump, a third flow meter and an eighth valve;

[0032] The pure water tank is connected to the circulating working tank via a water supply pipe, and the water supply pipe is provided with a water pump, a fourth flow meter and a ninth valve.

[0033] Specifically, when preparing high-density acid solution, concentrated alkali is needed, so it is appropriate to provide a concentrated alkali tank for storing the concentrated alkali.

[0034] A method for acid circulation internalization of a lead-acid battery, using any of the above acid circulation internalization systems, before internalization, concentrated sulfuric acid and pure water are respectively introduced into a circulation working tank from a concentrated sulfuric acid tank and a pure water tank, and acid liquid with a first density and acid liquid with a second density are successively prepared, the acid liquid with the first density is stored in a low-density acid tank, and the acid liquid with the second density is stored in a high-density acid tank; the lead-acid battery to be formed is connected between a circulation interface inlet pipe and a circulation interface outlet pipe,

[0035] The acid cycle internalization formation method of the lead-acid battery comprises the following steps:

[0036] (1) The acid solution in the low-density acid tank is heated to 35-65° C. by a heating mechanism;

[0037] (2) opening the first acid pump, the first valve, the second valve, and the third valve, and adding the acid solution in the low-density acid tank into the lead-acid battery and the circulation working tank;

[0038] (3) Carry out the first stage of charging, the charging current is 35-45A, and the charging time is 3h;

[0039] The acid in the circulating working tank is cooled by a cooling tower in a pulsed manner. When the temperature of the lead-acid battery rises to 75°C, the first acid pump, the first valve and the second valve are opened. When the temperature of the lead-acid battery is reduced to 60°C by acid circulation, the first valve is closed to maintain the temperature of the lead-acid battery between 60°C and 75°C.

[0040] (4) After the first stage of charging is completed, the fourth valve is opened to discharge the acid solution of the first density in the circulating working tank into the low-density acid tank until the liquid level in the circulating working tank is 10% of the liquid level height before discharge, and the fourth valve is closed;

[0041] (5) opening the fifth valve, starting the first acid pump to pump the second density acid solution into the circulation working tank, and then adding the second density acid solution into the battery;

[0042] (6) Perform the second stage of charging, with a charging current of 25-30A and a charging time of 5 hours. Use a cooling tower to perform pulse cooling on the acid solution in the circulating working tank to keep the lead-acid battery temperature at 40°C to 55°C;

[0043] (7) After the second stage of charging is completed, (8) the ninth valve and the eighth valve are opened, the second acid pump and the water pump are started, concentrated sulfuric acid and pure water are injected into the circulation working tank to adjust the density of the second density acid solution to the third density acid solution, the third density is greater than the second density, and the acid solution is added to the lead-acid battery by opening the first acid pump, the first valve, and the second valve;

[0044] (9) The third stage of charging is carried out with a charging current of 5-10A and a charging time of 2h. The acid solution in the circulating working tank is pulse-cooled by a cooling tower to keep the lead-acid battery temperature at 40°C to 55°C;

[0045] (10) After the third stage of charging is completed, the second valve and the first acid pump are opened to pump the acid in the first acid outlet pipe, the circulation interface inlet pipe and the circulation interface outlet pipe into the circulation working tank.

[0046] Preferably, the first density is 1.15 g / cm 3 ; The second density is 1.295g / cm 3 ; The third density is 1.305g / cm 3 .

[0047] Preferably, the acid addition termination condition in step (2) is that the liquid level of the acid solution in the circulating working tank reaches 50%.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the present invention is beneficial in that:

[0049] The acid circulation internal formation system comprises a circulation working tank, a cooling mechanism, a low-density working tank, a heating mechanism, a high-density working tank, a concentrated sulfuric acid tank, and a pure water tank which are connected to the circulation working tank through a pipeline, and a lead-acid battery is also connected to the circulation working tank through a pipeline, so that the high-temperature acid liquid (75° C.) in the lead-acid battery can be timely discharged and the low-temperature acid liquid can be injected at the same time, so that during the acid circulation internal formation process of the lead-acid battery, the temperature of the acid liquid can be stable no matter what environment the lead-acid battery is in, so that the formation effect of the lead-acid battery is stable, good and uniform. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] Figure 1 The present invention provides a structural schematic diagram of an acid circulation internalization system of a lead-acid battery. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] like Figure 1 The structure diagram of the acid circulation internal formation system of the lead-acid battery of the present invention is shown, which includes: a circulation working tank 10, a cooling mechanism, a low-density acid tank 40, a heating mechanism 50, a high-density acid tank 60, a concentrated sulfuric acid tank 70, and a pure water tank 80.

[0054] The circulation working tank 10 has a first acid outlet pipe 11 and a first acid return pipe 12. A circulation interface inlet pipe 21 and a circulation interface outlet pipe 22 are arranged in pairs between the circulation working tank 10 and the first acid outlet pipe 11, and are used for circulating acid into and out of the lead-acid battery 91. The circulation interface inlet pipe 21 is used for acid inlet to the lead-acid battery 91, and the circulation interface outlet pipe 22 is used for acid out of the lead-acid battery 91.

[0055] A cooling mechanism, used to cool the acid liquid in the circulating working tank 10;

[0056] The low-density acid tank 40 is used to store the acid solution of the first density, and can directly or through the circulation working tank 10 to supply the acid solution of the first density to the lead storage battery 91 connected between the circulation interface pipes, and receive the acid solution from the circulation working tank 10;

[0057] A heating mechanism 50 is used to heat the acid solution in the low-density acid tank 40;

[0058] High-density acid tank 60 is used to store the acid solution of the second density, wherein the second density is higher than the first density, and the high-density acid tank 60 can directly or through the circulation working tank 10 back to the lead storage battery 91 connected between the circulation interface pipes supply the acid solution of the second density, and receive the acid solution from the circulation working tank 10;

[0059] A concentrated sulfuric acid tank 70 is used to store concentrated sulfuric acid for increasing the density of the acid solution in the circulating working tank 10, wherein the density of the concentrated sulfuric acid is greater than the second density;

[0060] The pure water tank 80 stores pure water for lowering the density of the acid solution in the circulating working tank 10 .

[0061] In the figure, the first acid outlet pipes 11 include two, and a pair of circulation interface inlet pipes 21 and circulation interface outlet pipes 22 are provided between each first acid outlet pipe 11 and the circulation working tank 10, and two lead-acid batteries 91 can be provided in parallel between each pair of circulation interface inlet pipes 21 and circulation interface outlet pipes 22. Of course, the number of the first acid outlet pipes 11 can be increased or decreased according to the actual needs.

[0062] Two lead-acid batteries 91 connected in parallel between a pair of circulation interface inlet pipes 21 and circulation interface outlet pipes 22 can simultaneously carry out acid circulation internalization. Of course, the number of lead-acid batteries is only for illustration, and the parallel number of lead-acid batteries can be set as required during actual use.

[0063] Each first acid outlet pipe 11 is provided with a first valve 13, and each first acid outlet pipe 11 is connected to the same first acid return pipe 12. The first acid return pipe 12 is provided with a first acid pump 15. A second valve 14 is provided in a section of the first acid return pipe 12 between the first acid pump 15 and the circulation working tank 10.

[0064] By controlling the opening and closing of the first valve 13 and the second valve 14, the amount of acid flowing out of each lead-acid battery 91 and the amount of acid flowing out of the lead-acid battery 91 and into the circulation working tank 10 are controlled. The first acid pump 15 provides power for the flow of the acid and controls the direction of the flow of the acid.

[0065] The circulating working tank 10 further comprises an acid distribution pipe 16 , one end of which is connected to a section of the first acid return pipe 12 located before the first acid pump 15 , and an acid distribution valve 17 is disposed on the acid distribution pipe 16 .

[0066] The cooling mechanism includes a cooling tower 30, which has a cooling acid inlet pipe 31 and a cooling acid outlet pipe 32. The cooling acid inlet pipe 31 is connected to one of the circulation interface inlet pipes 21 or is directly connected to the circulation working tank 10; the cooling acid outlet pipe 32 is connected to a section of the first acid return pipe 12 located before the first acid pump 15 and is driven by the first acid pump 15, or the cooling acid outlet pipe 32 is directly connected to the circulation working tank 10 and is driven by another acid pump; the heating mechanism 50 is a heating pipe.

[0067] Before the initial acid addition, the acid solution needs to be heated so that the temperature of the acid solution is between 35°C and 65°C. After the acid solution flows into each lead-acid battery 91 for formation, the temperature will rise. When the temperature of the acid solution in the lead-acid battery 91 rises to 75°C, it needs to be discharged and cooled before the next use. Therefore, a cooling mechanism and a heating mechanism 50 need to be set in the system.

[0068] The low-density acid tank 40 has a second acid outlet pipe 41 and a second acid return pipe 42. The second acid outlet pipe 41 is connected to a section of the first acid return pipe 12 located before the first acid pump 15. The second acid return pipe 42 is connected to a section of the first acid return pipe 12 located between the first acid pump 15 and the second valve 14. A third valve 43 is provided on the second acid outlet pipe 41, and a fourth valve 44 is provided on the second acid return pipe 42.

[0069] The acid solution in the low-density acid tank 40 needs to flow into the circulating working tank 10 first and then into each lead-acid battery 91, and the acid solution that needs heating also flows into the low-density acid tank 40 after flowing out from the circulating working tank 10 and is heated; Therefore the second acid outlet pipe 41 and the second acid return pipe 42 need to be communicated with the first acid return pipe 12, and are respectively connected to the two sides with the first acid pump 15; The third valve 43 and the fourth valve 44 that are provided are used for controlling the amount of the acid solution that flows out from the low-density acid tank 40, the amount of the acid solution that flows into the low-density acid tank 40 respectively.

[0070] The high-density acid tank 60 has a third acid outlet pipe 61 and a third acid return pipe 62. The third acid outlet pipe 61 is connected to a section of the first acid return pipe 12 located before the first acid pump 15. The third acid return pipe 62 is connected to a section of the first acid return pipe 12 located between the first acid pump 15 and the second valve 14. A fifth valve 63 is provided on the third acid outlet pipe 61, and a sixth valve 64 is provided on the third acid return pipe 62.

[0071] After the lead-acid battery 91 is fully charged, the acid solution in the lead-acid battery 91 needs to be discharged and the second density (1.280 g / cm 3 -1.315g / cm 3 ) is imported into the lead-acid battery 91, the second density acid solution stored in the high-density acid tank 60 is obtained by mixing in advance in the circulation working tank 10 before formation begins, and the acid solution of the second density also needs to flow into the circulation working tank 10 first when importing the lead-acid battery 91, so the 3rd acid return pipe 62 and the 3rd acid outlet pipe 61 all must be communicated with the first acid return pipe 12.

[0072] A detection branch pipe is provided between one of the circulation interface inlet pipes 21 and a section of the first acid return pipe 12 before the first acid pump 15. The detection branch pipe is provided with a densitometer 92 for detecting the density of the acid liquid and a first flow meter 93 for detecting the flow rate of the acid liquid.

[0073] During the entire chemical formation process, the density of the acid solution will change, so it is necessary to test the density of the acid solution to confirm again where this batch of acid solution needs to be directed.

[0074] A filter element 94 for filtering the acid solution is provided on the first acid return pipe 12 , at the upstream side of the first acid pump 15 .

[0075] The acid liquid flowing out of the lead-acid battery 91 is involved in the chemical formation process, so the acid liquid will contain impurities such as lead paste dropped from the pole plate, so it is necessary to set a filter element 94 to filter it.

[0076] The acid circulation internal formation system of the lead-acid battery of the present application further comprises a concentrated alkali tank 95 for storing alkali solution, and the concentrated alkali tank 95 is connected to the circulation working tank 10 via an alkali solution inlet pipe 97 , and a seventh valve 98 and a second flow meter 96 are provided on the alkali solution inlet pipe 97 .

[0077] When high-density acid solution is prepared, concentrated alkali needs to be used, so it is appropriate to set up a concentrated alkali tank 95 for storing concentrated alkali. Of course, alkali solution is also needed for regular pipeline cleaning.

[0078] The concentrated sulfuric acid tank 70 is connected to the circulation working tank 10 through a concentrated sulfuric acid adding pipe 73, and the concentrated sulfuric acid adding pipe 73 is provided with a second acid pump 71, a third flow meter 72 and an eighth valve 74;

[0079] The pure water tank 80 is connected to the circulation working tank 10 via a water supply pipe 83 , and a water pump 81 , a fourth flow meter 82 and a ninth valve 84 are provided on the water supply pipe 83 .

[0080] Example 2

[0081] The acid cycle internalization method of a lead-acid battery of model 6-QTPE-59 (640) comprises the following steps:

[0082] (1) The low-density acid tank 40 is heated by the heating mechanism 50 to a density of 1.15 g / cm 3 The acid solution is heated to 60°C;

[0083] (2) open the first acid pump 15, the first valve 13, the second valve 14, the 3rd valve 43, the acid solution in the low-density acid tank 40 is added in the lead-acid battery 91 and in the circulating working tank 10, until the acid solution level height reaches 50% in the circulating working tank 10;

[0084] (3) Perform the first stage of charging, with a charging current of 35A and a charging time of 3h;

[0085] The acid solution in the circulating working tank 10 is pulse-cooled by the cooling tower 30. When the temperature of the lead-acid battery 91 rises to 75° C., the first acid pump 15, the first valve 13, and the second valve 14 are opened. When the temperature of the lead-acid battery 91 is reduced to 60° C. by acid circulation, the first valve 13 is closed to keep the temperature of the lead-acid battery 91 at 60° C. to 75° C.;

[0086] (4) After the first stage of charging is completed, the fourth valve 44 is opened to charge the circulating working tank 10 with a density of 1.15 g / cm 3 The acid solution is discharged into the low-density acid tank 40 until the liquid level in the circulating working tank 10 is 10% of the liquid level before the discharge, and the fourth valve 44 is closed;

[0087] (5) Open the fifth valve 63 and start the first acid pump 15 to pump the acid with a density of 1.295 g / cm 3 The acid liquid with a density of 1.295 g / cm 3 Acid is added into the lead-acid battery 91;

[0088] (6) The second stage of charging is performed with a charging current of 25 A and a charging time of 5 h. The acid solution in the circulating working tank 10 is pulse-cooled by a cooling tower 30 so that the temperature of the lead-acid battery 91 is maintained at 40° C.;

[0089] (7) After the second stage of charging, open the ninth valve 84 and the eighth valve 74, start the second acid pump 71 and the water pump 81, and inject concentrated sulfuric acid and pure water into the circulation working tank 10 to make the density of 1.295g / cm 3 The acid solution was adjusted to a density of 1.305 g / cm 3 The acid solution is added into the lead-acid battery 91 by opening the first acid pump 15, the first valve 13, and the second valve 14;

[0090] (8) The third stage of charging is performed with a charging current of 5A and a charging time of 2h. The acid solution in the circulating working tank 10 is pulse-cooled by a cooling tower 30 so that the temperature of the lead-acid battery 91 is maintained at 40°C.

[0091] (9) After the third stage of charging is completed, the second valve 14 and the first acid pump 15 are opened to pump the acid in the first acid outlet pipe 11, the circulation interface inlet pipe 21 and the circulation interface outlet pipe 22 into the circulation working tank 10.

[0092] The lead-acid battery obtained by the above acid cycle internalization method has a discharge capacity of 66Ah in 20 hours; under low temperature conditions of -18°C (according to VW 75073-2019 standard: 10s discharge voltage U 10 ≥7.5V,U 20 ≥9.0V,t' 6V≥130s) the discharge parameters are: U 10 :8.01V,U 30 :9.36V,t' 6V :137s.

[0093] Example 3

[0094] The acid cycle internalization method of the lead-acid battery of model 6-QTPE-70 (700) comprises the following steps:

[0095] (1) The low-density acid tank 40 is heated by the heating mechanism 50 to a density of 1.10 g / cm 3 The acid solution is heated to 60°C;

[0096] (2) open the first acid pump 15, the first valve 13, the second valve 14, the 3rd valve 43, the acid solution in the low-density acid tank 40 is added in the lead-acid battery 91 and in the circulating working tank 10, until the acid solution level height reaches 50% in the circulating working tank 10;

[0097] (3) Carry out the first stage of charging, the charging current is 45A, and the charging time is 3h;

[0098] The acid solution in the circulating working tank 10 is pulse-cooled by the cooling tower 30. When the temperature of the lead-acid battery 91 rises to 75° C., the first acid pump 15, the first valve 13, and the second valve 14 are opened. When the temperature of the lead-acid battery 91 is reduced to 60° C. by acid circulation, the first valve 13 is closed to keep the temperature of the lead-acid battery 91 at 60° C. to 75° C.;

[0099] (4) After the first stage of charging is completed, the fourth valve 44 is opened to charge the circulating working tank 10 with a density of 1.10 g / cm 3 The acid solution is discharged into the low-density acid tank 40 until the liquid level in the circulating working tank 10 is 10% of the liquid level before the discharge, and the fourth valve 44 is closed;

[0100] (5) Open the fifth valve 63 and start the first acid pump 15 to pump the acid with a density of 1.280 g / cm 3 The acid liquid with a density of 1.280 g / cm 3 Acid is added into the lead-acid battery 91;

[0101] (6) The second stage of charging is performed with a charging current of 30A and a charging time of 5 hours. The acid solution in the circulating working tank 10 is pulse-cooled by a cooling tower 30 so that the temperature of the lead-acid battery 91 is maintained at 40° C.;

[0102] (7) After the second stage of charging, open the ninth valve 84 and the eighth valve 74, start the second acid pump 71 and the water pump 81, and inject concentrated sulfuric acid and pure water into the circulation working tank 10 to make the density of 1.280g / cm 3 The acid solution was adjusted to a density of 1.305 g / cm 3 The acid solution is added into the lead-acid battery 91 by opening the first acid pump 15, the first valve 13, and the second valve 14;

[0103] (8) The third stage of charging is performed with a charging current of 10 A and a charging time of 2 h. The acid solution in the circulating working tank 10 is pulse-cooled by a cooling tower 30 so that the temperature of the lead-acid battery 91 is maintained at 40° C.;

[0104] (9) After the third stage of charging is completed, the second valve 14 and the first acid pump 15 are opened to pump the acid in the first acid outlet pipe 11, the circulation interface inlet pipe 21 and the circulation interface outlet pipe 22 into the circulation working tank 10.

[0105] The lead-acid battery obtained by the above acid cycle internalization method has a discharge capacity of 77Ah in 20 hours; under low temperature conditions of -18°C (according to VW 75073-2019 standard: 10s discharge voltage U 10 ≥7.5V,U 20 ≥9.0V,t' 6V ≥103s) the discharge parameters are: U 10 :7.98V,U 30 :9.26V,t' 6V :118s.

[0106] Comparative Example 1:

[0107] The lead-acid battery of model 6-QTPE-59 (640) was formed by the internal formation method of adding acid at room temperature for acid cycle charging in the prior art:

[0108] That is, low-concentration dilute sulfuric acid at room temperature is added to the lead-acid battery at a certain pressure through an acid pump; during the entire charging process, the acid in the acid tank will continue to circulate and exchange acid with the inside of the battery, and then the acid will be exchanged through a high-density acid tank and continue until the end of charging.

[0109] The lead-acid battery obtained by the above acid cycle internalization method has a discharge capacity of 58.1Ah in 20 hours; under low temperature conditions of -18°C (according to VW 75073-2019 standard: 10s discharge voltage U 10 ≥7.5V,U 20 ≥9.0V,t' 6V ≥130s) the discharge parameters are: U 10 :8.02V,U 30:9.32V,t' 6V :128s.

[0110] According to the results of Example 2, Example 3 and Comparative Example 1, the formation method of Example 2 and Example 3 is adopted to form the lead-acid battery, and the discharge capacity of the lead-acid battery obtained after the formation is completed is higher in 20 hours, while when the method of Comparative Example 1 is adopted to form the lead-acid battery, the discharge capacity of the lead-acid battery obtained after the formation is completed is lower in 20 hours, and the situation of unqualified 20-hour rate discharge capacity occurs easily.

Claims

1. An acid circulation internal formation system for a lead-acid battery, characterized in that: include: The circulation working tank has a first acid outlet pipe and a first acid return pipe. A circulation interface inlet pipe and a circulation interface outlet pipe are arranged in pairs between the circulation working tank and the first acid outlet pipe and are used for circulating acid into and out of the lead-acid battery. The circulation interface inlet pipe is used for acid inlet to the lead-acid battery, and the circulation interface outlet pipe is used for acid out of the lead-acid battery. A cooling mechanism is used to cool the acid liquid in the circulating working tank; A low-density acid tank, used for storing acid liquid of a first density, supplying the acid liquid of the first density to the lead-acid battery connected between the circulation interface pipes directly or through the circulation working tank, and receiving the acid liquid from the circulation working tank; A heating mechanism, used for heating the acid liquid in the low-density acid tank; A high-density acid tank is used to store acid liquid of a second density, wherein the second density is higher than the first density, and the high-density acid tank supplies the acid liquid of the second density to the lead-acid battery connected between the circulation interface pipes directly or through the circulation working tank, and receives the acid liquid from the circulation working tank; A concentrated sulfuric acid tank, storing concentrated sulfuric acid for increasing the density of the acid solution in the circulating working tank, wherein the density of the concentrated sulfuric acid is greater than the second density; Pure water tank, which stores pure water used to lower the density of acid in the circulating working tank; The first acid outlet pipe includes one, two or more, a pair of circulation interface inlet pipes and circulation interface outlet pipes are arranged between each first acid outlet pipe and the circulation working tank, and a plurality of lead-acid batteries are arranged in parallel between each pair of circulation interface inlet pipes and circulation interface outlet pipes; Each first acid outlet pipe is provided with a first valve, each first acid outlet pipe is connected to the same first acid return pipe, the first acid return pipe is provided with a first acid pump, and a section of the first acid return pipe between the first acid pump and the circulation working tank is provided with a second valve; The circulating working tank also has an acid distribution pipe, one end of which is connected to a section of the first acid return pipe located before the first acid pump, and an acid distribution valve is provided on the acid distribution pipe; The low-density acid tank has a second acid outlet pipe and a second acid return pipe, the second acid outlet pipe is connected to a section of the first acid return pipe located before the first acid pump, the second acid return pipe is connected to a section of the first acid return pipe located between the first acid pump and the second valve, the second acid outlet pipe is provided with a third valve, and the second acid return pipe is provided with a fourth valve; The high-density acid tank has a third acid outlet pipe and a third acid return pipe, the third acid outlet pipe is connected to a section of the first acid return pipe located before the first acid pump, the third acid return pipe is connected to a section of the first acid return pipe located between the first acid pump and the second valve, the third acid outlet pipe is provided with a fifth valve, and the third acid return pipe is provided with a sixth valve.

2. The acid circulation internal formation system of the lead-acid battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling mechanism comprises a cooling tower, and the cooling tower has a cooling acid inlet pipe and a cooling acid outlet pipe, wherein the cooling acid inlet pipe is connected to one of the circulation interface inlet pipes or directly connected to the circulation working tank; the cooling acid outlet pipe is connected to a section of the first acid return pipe located before the first acid pump and is driven by the first acid pump, or the cooling acid outlet pipe is directly connected to the circulation working tank and is driven by another acid pump; The heating mechanism is a heating tube.

3. The acid circulation internal formation system of the lead-acid battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: A detection branch pipe is provided between one of the circulation interface inlet pipes and a section of the first acid return pipe located before the first acid pump, and a densitometer for detecting the density of the acid liquid and a first flow meter for detecting the flow rate of the acid liquid are provided on the detection branch pipe; A filter element for filtering the acid liquid is provided on the first acid return pipe at the upstream side of the first acid pump.

4. The acid circulation internal formation system of the lead-acid battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a concentrated alkali tank for storing alkali solution, the concentrated alkali tank is connected to the circulation working tank through an alkali solution inlet pipe, and the alkali solution inlet pipe is provided with a seventh valve and a second flow meter; The concentrated sulfuric acid tank is connected to the circulation working tank through a concentrated sulfuric acid adding pipe, and the concentrated sulfuric acid adding pipe is provided with a second acid pump, a third flow meter and an eighth valve; The pure water tank is connected to the circulating working tank via a water supply pipe, and the water supply pipe is provided with a water pump, a fourth flow meter and a ninth valve.

5. A method for acid cycle internalization of a lead-acid battery, characterized in that: Using the acid circulation internalization formation system described in any one of claims 1 to 4, before internalization, concentrated sulfuric acid and pure water are respectively introduced into the circulation working tank from the concentrated sulfuric acid tank and the pure water tank, and the acid solution of the first density and the acid solution of the second density are successively prepared, the acid solution of the first density is stored in the low-density acid tank, and the acid solution of the second density is stored in the high-density acid tank; the lead-acid battery to be formed is connected between the circulation interface inlet pipe and the circulation interface outlet pipe, The acid cycle internalization formation method of the lead-acid battery comprises the following steps: (1) The acid solution in the low-density acid tank is heated to 35-65° C. by a heating mechanism; (2) opening the first acid pump, the first valve, the second valve, and the third valve, and adding the acid solution in the low-density acid tank into the lead-acid battery and the circulation working tank; (3) Carry out the first stage of charging, the charging current is 35-45A, and the charging time is 3h; The acid in the circulating working tank is cooled by a cooling tower in a pulsed manner. When the temperature of the lead-acid battery rises to 75°C, the first acid pump, the first valve and the second valve are opened. When the temperature of the lead-acid battery is reduced to 60°C by acid circulation, the first valve is closed to maintain the temperature of the lead-acid battery between 60°C and 75°C. (4) After the first stage of charging is completed, the fourth valve is opened to discharge the acid solution of the first density in the circulating working tank into the low-density acid tank until the liquid level in the circulating working tank is 10% of the liquid level height before discharge, and the fourth valve is closed; (5) opening the fifth valve, starting the first acid pump to pump the second density acid solution into the circulation working tank, and then adding the second density acid solution into the battery; (6) Perform the second stage of charging, with a charging current of 25-30A and a charging time of 5 hours. Use a cooling tower to perform pulse cooling on the acid solution in the circulating working tank to keep the lead-acid battery temperature at 40°C to 55°C; (7) After the second stage of charging is completed, the ninth valve and the eighth valve are opened, the second acid pump and the water pump are started, concentrated sulfuric acid and pure water are injected into the circulation working tank to adjust the density of the second density acid solution to the third density acid solution, the third density being greater than the second density, and the acid solution is added to the lead-acid battery by opening the first acid pump, the first valve, and the second valve; (8) The third stage of charging is carried out with a charging current of 5-10A and a charging time of 2h. The acid solution in the circulating working tank is pulse-cooled by a cooling tower to keep the lead-acid battery temperature at 40°C to 55°C; (9) After the third stage of charging is completed, the second valve and the first acid pump are opened to pump the acid in the first acid outlet pipe, the circulation interface inlet pipe and the circulation interface outlet pipe into the circulation working tank.

6. The acid cycle internal formation method of a lead-acid battery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first density is 1.15g / cm 3 ; The second density is 1.295g / cm 3 ; The third density is 1.305g / cm 3 .

7. The acid cycle internal formation method of a lead-acid battery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The termination condition for acid addition in step (2) is that the liquid level of the acid solution in the circulating working tank reaches 50%.

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