A method and equipment for recycling metal waste

Abstract

A method and equipment for recycling metal waste, specifically relating to the field of solid phase regeneration of metal waste. It solves the problem of low recovery rate of existing metal waste. Specific methods: 1. Screening metal blocks into large metal blocks, medium metal blocks, and small metal blocks, and crushing the medium metal blocks; 2. Washing and drying metal blocks of different sizes in different cleaning tanks; 3. Putting the dried metal blocks into the extrusion cavity for pre-compaction and extrusion; 4. Unloading and transporting the blank / finished product. The equipment includes: screening machine, lifting mechanism, crusher, cleaning tank, drying equipment, extruder, conveyor belt. The advantages of the present invention are solid phase regeneration, less oxidation of metal blocks, more than 90% recovery of metal blocks at the feed port, better performance of the recycled products, low cost, and the equipment used can realize pre-compaction, extrusion, and continuous cutting to improve production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of solid phase regeneration of metal waste, and in particular to a method and equipment for recycling metal waste. Background Art

[0002] Scrap metal resources are called "urban mines" because of their large quantity and low mining cost. The energy consumption of mining is much lower than that of primary metals. For example, compared with the production of aluminum and aluminum alloy products through electrolysis of aluminum ore, the energy consumption of secondary aluminum production accounts for only 3%-5% of the energy consumption of primary aluminum. Under the premise of resource shortage and increased environmental awareness, recycled metals have become the main source of metal raw materials.

[0003] In the process of metal from raw materials to products, various forms of scrap will be caused. The main way to recycle large metal blocks is to directly return them to the furnace and add medium metal blocks after melting. Large metal blocks are irregular, and both transportation and smelting take up a lot of volume. Crushing them is convenient for transportation and reduces smelting time. The existing crusher system is not perfect and inefficient, and sorting and transportation are basically done manually. Small metal blocks such as cutting scraps, shot blasting, sandblasting scraps, etc. do not need to be crushed but are easily mixed with the above two types of waste, or all the scraps are piled together and sold, which is actually a huge waste of metal materials.

[0004] If small metal blocks are directly placed in the melting furnace, they tend to float on the surface of the melt, react with oxygen at high temperature to form oxides, and are removed in the subsequent slag removal process, which wastes energy and recycles less metal. For example, the aluminum recovery rate is only about 55% for remelting medium metal blocks and aluminum alloy small metal blocks; hot extrusion recycling of aluminum has a low solid phase regeneration heating temperature, less oxidation, less waste of small metal blocks, and a recovery rate of up to 95%, saving about 96% of energy, and excellent mechanical properties, which are higher than cast metals, and are favored by people.

[0005] Patent CN212371734U provides a method for recycling aluminum chips in a cutting mechanism, which effectively solves the problem of collecting aluminum chips in aluminum profiles; Patent CN204843693U provides a method for directly transporting aluminum chips in a cutting mechanism to a smelting furnace; Patent CN113020309A provides a gradient hot extrusion device with continuously variable extrusion rate, extrusion temperature and extrusion ratio. Alloy chips can be extruded by adding metals such as rare earth elements, or made into prefabricated blocks and various alloys for smelting. The oxidation of medium and small metal blocks is reduced after extrusion, and the recovery rate is improved.

[0006] The existing screening machine does not consider screening metal blocks of different sizes and taking them out through different outlets. The existing extruder has a small number of moldings at one time, and generally only improves the mold without considering improving the extruder. Summary of the invention

[0007] The first object of the present invention is to provide a process for solid phase regeneration of metal waste and equipment designed and developed for implementing the process, in order to solve the shortcomings of high energy consumption and low recovery rate of metal block recovery;

[0008] The second object of the present invention is to provide an adjustable extruder designed to solve the problems of single molding type and small number of products of traditional extruders, and the production will not be delayed when a cutting failure occurs in the extruder, and the extrusion type is large;

[0009] The third object of the present invention is to design a device that can screen the size of metal waste and clean different types of metal waste;

[0010] A method and equipment for recycling metal waste, based on the solid phase regeneration principle, to recycle metal blocks of different sizes, characterized by: screening metal blocks of different sizes, crushing medium metal blocks in a crusher and washing and drying, and then pre-compacting and extruding the dried metal blocks to make blanks or extruded finished products to achieve the recycling and reuse of metal waste. The specific steps are as follows:

[0011] 1. Screening: Put the metal waste into the screening machine. The metal waste that does not pass through the vibrating screen 1 (2) is a large metal block, the metal waste that does not pass through the vibrating screen 2 (3) is a medium metal block, and the metal waste that passes through the vibrating screen 2 (3) is a small metal block. The medium metal block is lifted by the lifting mechanism to the crusher for crushing, and then the screening is repeated;

[0012] 2. Cleaning: large metal blocks are cleaned in cleaning tank 1 (151), medium metal blocks are cleaned in cleaning tank 2 (152), small metal blocks are cleaned in cleaning tank 3 (153) with a stirrer (16), and the cleaned metal waste is dried in a drying device (18);

[0013] 3. Extrusion: Add the metal block in the conical feed port 3 (19) into the extrusion chamber 1 (201), heat the extrusion chamber 1 (201), start pre-compaction, and extrusion (or heat preservation extrusion at a certain temperature);

[0014] Fourth, cutting and transportation: the side guide rod 3 (33) is moved back, the extrusion chamber 2 (232) is heated, and the guide rod 1 (31) continues to extrude and push out the blank 1 (or finished product), and the metal blank 1 on the side passes through the discharge cylinder (27) and the conveyor belt 4 (28) to discharge the blank (or finished product);

[0015] 5. The extrusion cylinder 3 (231) pushes the guide rod 3 (33) into the extrusion chamber 1 (201) and makes it flush with the first wall surface passing through the extrusion chamber 1 (201). The guide rod 1 (31) and the guide rod 2 (32) extrude the metal waste to form a blank 2 (or a finished product), release the pressure, push out the blank 2 (or a finished product), transport it to the discharge barrel (27) via the conveyor belt 3 (26), and discharge the blank (or the finished product) via the conveyor belt 4 (28).

[0016] The large metal lumps screened in step 1 can be transported through channel 1 (7), and the medium metal lumps screened can be transported through channel 2 (8).

[0017] Step 3 pre-compaction can be omitted.

[0018] The heating and heat preservation in step 3 and step 4 can be omitted, or cold pressing can be performed first and then hot extrusion can be performed.

[0019] A device for recycling metal waste, comprising a screening machine, a lifting mechanism, a crusher, a cleaning tank, a drying device, an extruder, and a conveyor belt; characterized in that:

[0020] The screening machine comprises: a feed port (1), a screen 1 (2), a screen 2 (3), a crushed material depositing trough (4), and a conveyor belt 1 (5); the feed port 1 (1) is outside the screen 1 (2), the screen 1 (2) and the screen 2 (3) are vibration plates with meshes of a certain size, and the conveyor belt 1 (5) is at the bottom of the crushed material depositing trough (4); waste materials are transported to the screen 1 (2) through the feed port 1 (1), large metal blocks are screened out, medium metal blocks are screened out through the screen 2 (3), and small metal blocks are deposited on the crushed material depositing trough (4) and transported out of the blanks through the conveyor belt 1 (5);

[0021] The crusher comprises: a lifting frame (6), a channel 1 (7), a channel 2 (8), a return pipe (9), blades (10), a feed port 2 (11), a bearing (12), a core shaft (13), and a motor (14); large metal blocks are transported to the return pipe (9) through the lifting frame (6), and poured into the crusher through the feed port 2 (10); the motor (14) drives the bearing (12) to rotate the blades (11) to crush the metal blocks, and then repeats the screening steps; the channel 1 (7) and the channel 2 (8) are on the lifting frame (6), and the large metal blocks that have been screened can be transported to a cleaning tank through the channel 1 (7) for cleaning and drying; the medium metal blocks that have been screened can be transported to a cleaning tank through the channel 2 (8) for cleaning;

[0022] The cleaning tank comprises: a cleaning tank 1 (151), a cleaning tank 2 (152), a cleaning tank 3 (153), a stirrer (16), and a drying device (18); the large metal blocks screened out are cleaned through the cleaning tank 1 (151) from the billet outlet (5), and then dried through the drying device (18); the small metal blocks screened out are transported to the cleaning tank 2 (152) for cleaning, and then dried through the drying device (18) and poured into the extruder for extrusion; the small metal blocks in the scrap sedimentation tank (4) are cleaned through the cleaning tank 3 (153) with the stirrer (16), and then the cleaned metal waste is dried in the drying device (18) with a protective atmosphere;

[0023] The extruder comprises: a feed port 3 (19), an extrusion cylinder 1 (20), an extrusion chamber 1 (201), an extrusion cylinder 2 (22), an extrusion mechanism 3 (23), an extrusion cylinder 3 (231), an extrusion chamber 2 (232), an electric heating element (24), a conveyor belt 2 (25), a conveyor belt 3 (26), a discharge barrel (27), a conveyor belt 4 (28), a cutting blade (29), a guide rod 1 (31), a guide rod 2 (32), a guide rod 3 (33), a thermocouple 1 (34), a thermocouple 2 (35), a thermocouple 3 (36), a conveyor belt (37), a conveyor belt (38), a conveyor belt (39), a conveyor belt (40), and a blank (41);

[0024] The extrusion method is divided into the following two types: 1. The dried small metal block is poured into the extrusion chamber 1 (201) through the feed port 3 (19). After the feeding is completed, the electric heating element (24) heats the metal block to a certain temperature. The extrusion cylinder 3 (231) pushes the guide rod 3 (33) into the extrusion chamber 1 (201) and makes it flush with the first wall surface passing through the extrusion chamber 1 (201). The extrusion cylinder 1 (20) pushes the guide rod 1 (31) to start pre-compaction. After the metal block reaches the specified temperature, the pressure is maintained for a certain period of time. The extrusion cylinder 2 (22) drives the guide rod 2 (32) to rebound. The extrusion cylinder 1 (20) pushes the guide rod 1 (31) to push the blank 2 onto the conveyor belt 3 (26). The conveyor belt 3 (26) transports the blank 2 to the discharge barrel (27). After it is full, the conveyor belt 4 (28) is used to take the blank out of the discharge barrel (27).

[0025] 2. The dried small metal blocks are poured into the extrusion chamber 1 (201) through the feeding port 3 (19). After the feeding is completed, the electric heating element (24) heats the extrusion chamber 1 (201) and the extrusion chamber 2 (232) to a certain temperature. The extrusion cylinder 1 (20) pushes the guide rod 1 (31) to start pre-compaction. After the metal blocks reach the specified temperature, the pressure is maintained for a certain period of time. The extrusion cylinder 2 (22) drives the guide rod 2 (32) to start extrusion. The extrusion cylinder 3 (231) drives the guide rod 3 (33) to withdraw and be flush with the outlet of the outer extrusion chamber 2 (232). The extrusion cylinder 1 (20) pushes the guide rod 1 (31) to continue pressurizing, and the blank 1 is squeezed out of the extrusion chamber 2 (232). The cutting blade (29) cuts the blank into blanks of a certain length. The conveyor belt 2 (25) transports the blank 1 to the discharge barrel (27). After it is full, the conveyor belt 4 (28) takes the blank out of the discharge barrel (27).

[0026] The number of the extrusion mechanism 3 (23) can be one or more, and can be arranged in multiple rows and columns at the extrusion shell, and can be equipped with extrusion dies of different diameters;

[0027] The cutting device of the extrusion mechanism 3 (23) is connected in parallel, that is, when a cutting blade fails, the other cutting blades are not affected;

[0028] The electric heating element (24) may not be heated when the extruder is working, and the electric heating elements of the extrusion chamber 1 (201) and the extrusion chamber 2 (232) are controlled in sections;

[0029] Small pieces of metal can be in the form of chips, or medium pieces of metal;

[0030] The blank 1 or the blank 2 may be a finished product.

[0031] The advantages of the method and equipment for recycling metal waste of the present invention are that the blank can be pre-compacted, oxidation and burning loss can be reduced, the problem of low recovery rate of metal blocks and small metal blocks can be solved, and mechanical properties can be improved. If hot extrusion is performed after pre-compacting or hot extrusion is performed directly, the combination is good, the structure is fine, and the mechanical properties are high, which meets the requirements of high-performance products.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0033] 1. A method for recycling metal waste, compared with direct melting in a furnace, adopts metal block extrusion treatment, which has fast heat transfer and reduces oxidation, reduces energy consumption for heating and melting, environmental pollution, and solves the disadvantage of low metal block recovery rate;

[0034] 2. Use different screens to recycle waste of different sizes, which is conducive to targeted treatment of waste of different sizes;

[0035] 3. A device for recycling metal waste. Compared with direct extrusion into profiles, it can realize one extruder to extrude different products at one time, reducing the hydraulic stroke; multiple dies with changeable specifications can extrude different billets; cutting blades are equipped on the outside of the extruder, and parallel connection is adopted to realize continuous production after a cutting failure occurs; a conveyor belt is set at the billet outlet and connected to a discharge barrel, which can realize pre-compacting, extrusion, cutting, and billet discharge continuously. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 Process flow chart for recycling metal scrap;

[0037] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the equipment structure for recycling metal waste.

[0038] Among them: (1) - feed port, (2) - screen 1, (3) - screen 2, (4) - crushed material deposition trough, (5) - conveyor belt 1, (6) - lifting frame, (7) - channel 1, (8) - channel 2, (9) - return pipe, (10) - blade, (11) - feed port 2, (12) - bearing, (13) - spindle, (14) - motor, (15) - cleaning tank, (151) - cleaning tank 1, (152) - cleaning tank 2, (153) - cleaning tank 3, (16) - agitator, (18) - drying equipment, (181) - protective air pipe, (19) - feed port 3, (20) - extrusion cylinder 1, ( 201)—extrusion chamber 1, (22)—extrusion cylinder 2, (23)—extrusion mechanism 3, (231)—extrusion cylinder 3, (232)—extrusion chamber 2, (24)—electric heating element, (25)—conveyor belt 2, (26)—conveyor belt 3, (27)—discharging barrel, (28)—conveyor belt 4, (29)—cutting blade, (31)—guide rod 1, (32)—guide rod 2, (33)—guide rod 3, (34)—thermocouple 1, (35)—thermocouple 2, (36)—thermocouple 3, (37)—conveyor belt, (38)—conveyor belt, (39)—conveyor belt, (40)—conveyor belt, (41)—blade;

[0039] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the equipment screening machine, lifting mechanism and crusher structure for recycling metal waste;

[0040] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of an extruder for recycling metal waste. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments; all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the scope of protection of the present invention; if no specific conditions are specified in the embodiments, the conditions shall be carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer; if the manufacturer of the reagents or instruments is not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0042] In addition, the size, shape, position and quantity of the components are not fixed and can be adjusted as needed; mechanisms with the same purpose but different forms are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0043] A method and equipment for recycling metal waste, based on the solid phase regeneration principle, to recycle metal blocks of different sizes, characterized by: screening metal blocks of different sizes, crushing medium metal blocks in a crusher and washing and drying, and then pre-compacting and extruding the dried metal blocks to make blanks or extruded finished products to achieve the recycling and reuse of metal waste. The specific steps are as follows:

[0044] 1. Screening: Put the metal waste into the screening machine. The metal waste that does not pass through the vibrating screen 1 (2) is a large metal block, the metal waste that does not pass through the vibrating screen 2 (3) is a medium metal block, and the metal waste that passes through the vibrating screen 2 (3) is a small metal block. The medium metal block is lifted by the lifting mechanism to the crusher for crushing, and then the screening is repeated;

[0045] 2. Cleaning: large metal blocks are cleaned in cleaning tank 1 (151), medium metal blocks are cleaned in cleaning tank 2 (152), small metal blocks are cleaned in cleaning tank 3 (153) with a stirrer (16), and the cleaned metal waste is dried in a drying device (18);

[0046] 3. Extrusion: Add the metal block in the conical feed port 3 (19) into the extrusion chamber 1 (201), heat the extrusion chamber 1 (201), start pre-compaction, and extrusion (or heat preservation extrusion at a certain temperature);

[0047] Fourth, cutting and transportation: the side guide rod 3 (33) is moved back, the extrusion chamber 2 (232) is heated, and the guide rod 1 (31) continues to extrude and push out the blank 1 (or finished product), and the metal blank 1 on the side passes through the discharge cylinder (27) and the conveyor belt 4 (28) to discharge the blank (or finished product);

[0048] 5. The extrusion cylinder 3 (231) pushes the guide rod 3 (33) into the extrusion chamber 1 (201) and makes it flush with the first wall surface passing through the extrusion chamber 1 (201). The guide rod 1 (31) and the guide rod 2 (32) extrude the metal waste to form a blank 2 (or a finished product), release the pressure, push out the blank 2 (or a finished product), transport it to the discharge barrel (27) via the conveyor belt 3 (26), and discharge the blank (or the finished product) via the conveyor belt 4 (28).

[0049] The large metal lumps screened in step 1 can be transported through channel 1 (7), and the medium metal lumps screened can be transported through channel 2 (8).

[0050] Specific implementation method 1: Step 3 pre-compacting can be cancelled.

[0051] Specific implementation method 2: The heating and heat preservation in step 3 can be omitted, or cold pressing can be performed first and then hot extrusion can be performed.

[0052] A device for recycling metal waste, comprising a screening machine, a lifting mechanism, a crusher, a cleaning tank, a drying device, an extruder, and a conveyor belt; characterized in that:

[0053] The screening machine comprises: a feed port (1), a screen 1 (2), a screen 2 (3), a crushed material depositing trough (4), and a conveyor belt 1 (5); the feed port 1 (1) is outside the screen 1 (2), the screen 1 (2) and the screen 2 (3) are vibration plates with meshes of a certain size, and the conveyor belt 1 (5) is at the bottom of the crushed material depositing trough (4); waste materials are transported to the screen 1 (2) through the feed port 1 (1), large metal blocks are screened out, medium metal blocks are screened out through the screen 2 (3), and small metal blocks are deposited on the crushed material depositing trough (4) and transported out of the blanks through the conveyor belt 1 (5);

[0054] The crusher comprises: a lifting frame (6), a channel 1 (7), a channel 2 (8), a return pipe (9), blades (10), a feed port 2 (11), a bearing (12), a core shaft (13), and a motor (14); large metal blocks are transported to the return pipe (9) through the lifting frame (6), and poured into the crusher through the feed port 2 (10); the motor (14) drives the bearing (12) to rotate the blades (11) to crush the metal blocks, and then repeats the screening steps; the channel 1 (7) and the channel 2 (8) are on the lifting frame (6), and the large metal blocks that have been screened can be transported to a cleaning tank through the channel 1 (7) for cleaning and drying; the medium metal blocks that have been screened can be transported to a cleaning tank through the channel 2 (8) for cleaning;

[0055] The cleaning tank comprises: a cleaning tank 1 (151), a cleaning tank 2 (152), a cleaning tank 3 (153), a stirrer (16), and a drying device (18); the large metal blocks screened out are cleaned through the cleaning tank 1 (151) from the billet outlet (5), and then dried through the drying device (18); the small metal blocks screened out are transported to the cleaning tank 2 (152) for cleaning, and then dried through the drying device (18) and poured into the extruder for extrusion; the small metal blocks in the scrap sedimentation tank (4) are cleaned through the cleaning tank 3 (153) with the stirrer (16), and then the cleaned metal waste is dried in the drying device (18) with a protective atmosphere;

[0056] The extruder comprises: a feed port 3 (19), an extrusion cylinder 1 (20), an extrusion chamber 1 (201), an extrusion cylinder 2 (22), an extrusion mechanism 3 (23), an extrusion cylinder 3 (231), an extrusion chamber 2 (232), an electric heating element (24), a conveyor belt 2 (25), a conveyor belt 3 (26), a discharge barrel (27), a conveyor belt 4 (28), a cutting blade (29), a guide rod 1 (31), a guide rod 2 (32), a guide rod 3 (33), a thermocouple 1 (34), a thermocouple 2 (35), a thermocouple 3 (36), a conveyor belt (37), a conveyor belt (38), a conveyor belt (39), a conveyor belt (40), and a blank (41);

[0057] The extrusion method is divided into the following two types: 1. The dried small metal block is poured into the extrusion chamber 1 (201) through the feed port 3 (19). After the feeding is completed, the electric heating element (24) heats the metal block to a certain temperature. The extrusion cylinder 3 (231) pushes the guide rod 3 (33) into the extrusion chamber 1 (201) and makes it flush with the first wall surface passing through the extrusion chamber 1 (201). The extrusion cylinder 1 (20) pushes the guide rod 1 (31) to start pre-compaction. After the metal block reaches the specified temperature, the pressure is maintained for a certain period of time. The extrusion cylinder 2 (22) drives the guide rod 2 (32) to rebound. The extrusion cylinder 1 (20) pushes the guide rod 1 (31) to push the blank 2 onto the conveyor belt 3 (26). The conveyor belt 3 (26) transports the blank 2 to the discharge barrel (27). After it is full, the conveyor belt 4 (28) is used to take the blank out of the discharge barrel (27).

[0058] 2. The dried small metal blocks are poured into the extrusion chamber 1 (201) through the feeding port 3 (19). After the feeding is completed, the electric heating element (24) heats the extrusion chamber 1 (201) and the extrusion chamber 2 (232) to a certain temperature. The extrusion cylinder 1 (20) pushes the guide rod 1 (31) to start pre-compaction. After the metal blocks reach the specified temperature, the pressure is maintained for a certain period of time. The extrusion cylinder 2 (22) drives the guide rod 2 (32) to start extrusion. The extrusion cylinder 3 (231) drives the guide rod 3 (33) to withdraw and be flush with the outlet of the outer extrusion chamber 2 (232). The extrusion cylinder 1 (20) pushes the guide rod 1 (31) to continue pressurizing, and the blank 1 is squeezed out of the extrusion chamber 2 (232). The cutting blade (29) cuts the blank into blanks of a certain length. The conveyor belt 2 (25) transports the blank 1 to the discharge barrel (27). After it is full, the conveyor belt 4 (28) takes the blank out of the discharge barrel (27).

[0059] Specific embodiment three: The number of the extrusion mechanisms 3 (23) can be one or more, and can be arranged in multiple rows and columns at the extrusion shell, and can be equipped with extrusion dies of different diameters;

[0060] Specific embodiment 4: The cutting device of the extrusion mechanism 3 (23) is connected in parallel, that is, when a cutting blade has a cutting failure, the other cutting blades are not affected;

[0061] Specific embodiment 5: The electric heating element (24) may not be heated when the extruder is working, and the electric heating elements of the extrusion chamber 1 (201) and the extrusion chamber 2 (232) are controlled in sections;

[0062] Specific embodiment 6: The small metal block can be in the shape of chips, or a medium metal block.

[0063] Specific embodiment seven: the blank 1 or the blank 2 can be a finished product.

[0064] The embodiment of the present invention can realize the effective separation of metal wastes of different sizes and treat them in a targeted manner. It can be pre-compacted, directly hot-extruded into products, cut and transported, and change the size of the blanks. The heating time is short, oxidation and burning are reduced, and the mechanical properties are high.

[0065] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various changes and modifications; any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included.

Claims

1. A device for recycling metal waste, comprising a screening machine, a lifting mechanism, a crusher, a cleaning tank, a drying device, an extruder, and a conveyor belt; characterized in that: The screening machine comprises: a feed inlet 1 (1), a screen 1 (2), a screen 2 (3), a crushed material depositing trough (4), and a conveyor belt 1 (5); the feed inlet 1 (1) is outside the screen 1 (2); the screen 1 (2) and the screen 2 (3) are vibration plates with sieve holes of a certain size; the conveyor belt 1 (5) is at the bottom of the crushed material depositing trough (4); the waste material is transported to the screen 1 (2) through the feed inlet 1 (1); large metal blocks are screened out; medium metal blocks are screened out through the screen 2 (3); small metal blocks are deposited on the crushed material depositing trough (4) and transported out of the blank through the conveyor belt 1 (5); The crusher comprises: a lifting frame (6), a channel 1 (7), a channel 2 (8), a return pipe (9), blades (10), a feed port 2 (11), a bearing (12), a core shaft (13), and a motor (14); large metal blocks are transported to the return pipe (9) through the lifting frame (6), and poured into the crusher through the feed port 2 (11); the motor (14) drives the bearing (12) to rotate the blades (10) to crush the metal blocks, and then the screening steps are repeated; the channel 1 (7) and the channel 2 (8) are on the lifting frame (6); the large metal blocks that have been screened are transported to a cleaning tank through the channel 1 (7) for cleaning and drying; the medium metal blocks that have been screened are transported to a cleaning tank through the channel 2 (8) for cleaning; The cleaning pool comprises: a cleaning pool 1 (151), a cleaning pool 2 (152), a cleaning pool 3 (153), a stirrer (16), and a drying device (18); the large metal blocks screened out are cleaned through the cleaning pool 1 (151) from the billet outlet, and then dried through the drying device (18); the small metal blocks screened out are transported to the cleaning pool 2 (152) for cleaning, and then dried through the drying device (18) and poured into the extruder for extrusion; the small metal blocks in the scrap sedimentation tank (4) are cleaned through the cleaning pool 3 (153) with a stirrer (16), and then the cleaned metal waste is dried in the drying device (18) with a protective atmosphere; The extruder comprises: a third feed port (19), an extrusion cylinder (20), an extrusion chamber (201), an extrusion cylinder (22), an extrusion mechanism (23), an extrusion cylinder (231), an extrusion chamber (232), an electric heating element (24), a conveyor belt (25), a conveyor belt (26), a discharge barrel (27), a conveyor belt (28), a cutting blade (29), a guide rod (31), a guide rod (32), a guide rod (33), a thermocouple (34), a thermocouple (35), a thermocouple (36), a conveyor belt (57), a conveyor belt (6) (38), a conveyor belt (79), a conveyor belt (40), and a blank (41); The extrusion method is divided into the following two types:

1. The dried small metal block is poured into the extrusion chamber 1 (201) through the feed port 3 (19). After the feeding is completed, the electric heating element (24) heats the metal block to a certain temperature. The extrusion cylinder 3 (231) pushes the guide rod 3 (33) into the extrusion chamber 1 (201) and makes it flush with the first wall surface passing through the extrusion chamber 1 (201). The extrusion cylinder 1 (20) pushes the guide rod 1 (31) to start pre-compaction. After the metal block reaches the specified temperature, the pressure is maintained for a certain period of time. The extrusion cylinder 2 (22) drives the guide rod 2 (32) to rebound. The extrusion cylinder 1 (20) pushes the guide rod 1 (31) to push the blank onto the conveyor belt 3 (26). The conveyor belt 3 (26) transports the blank to the discharge barrel (27). After it is full, the conveyor belt 4 (28) takes the blank out of the discharge barrel (27). Second, the dried small metal blocks are poured into the extrusion chamber one (201) through the feed port three (19). After the feeding is completed, the electric heating element (24) heats the extrusion chamber one (201) and the extrusion chamber two (232) to a certain temperature. The extrusion cylinder one (20) pushes the guide rod one (31) to start pre-compaction. After the metal blocks reach the specified temperature, the pressure is maintained for a certain period of time. The extrusion cylinder two (22) drives the guide rod two (32) to start extrusion. The extrusion cylinder three (231) drives the guide rod three (33) to withdraw and be flush with the outlet of the outer extrusion chamber two (232). The extrusion cylinder one (20) pushes the guide rod one (31) to continue pressurizing and extrude the blanks out of the extrusion chamber two (232). The cutting blade (29) cuts the blanks into blanks of a certain length. The conveyor belt two (25) transports the blanks to the discharge barrel (27). After the blanks are full, the conveyor belt four (28) takes the blanks out of the discharge barrel (27).

2. The equipment for recycling metal waste according to claim 1, characterized in that The number of the extrusion mechanisms (23) is one or more, which are arranged in multiple rows and columns at the extrusion shell and are equipped with extrusion dies with different diameters; The extrusion mechanism (23) and the cutting device are connected in parallel, that is, when a cutting blade fails, the other cutting blades are not affected; The electric heating element (24) does not heat when the extruder is working, and the electric heating elements of the first extrusion chamber (201) and the second extrusion chamber (232) are controlled in sections; Small pieces of metal are in the form of shavings; The blank is the finished product.

3. A method for recycling metal waste, which uses the equipment for recycling metal waste as claimed in claim 1 to recycle metal blocks of different sizes based on the solid phase regeneration principle, characterized in that: The metal blocks of different sizes are screened, the medium metal blocks are crushed in a crusher and cleaned and dried, and then the dried metal blocks are pre-compacted, extruded, and made into billets or extruded into finished products to realize the recycling of metal waste. The specific steps are as follows:

1. Screening: Put the metal waste into the screening machine. The metal waste that does not pass through the vibrating screen 1 (2) is a large metal block, the metal waste that does not pass through the vibrating screen 2 (3) is a medium metal block, and the metal waste that passes through the vibrating screen 2 (3) is a small metal block. The medium metal block is lifted by the lifting mechanism to the crusher for crushing, and then the screening is repeated; 2. Cleaning: large metal blocks are cleaned in cleaning tank 1 (151), medium metal blocks are cleaned in cleaning tank 2 (152), small metal blocks are cleaned in cleaning tank 3 (153) with a stirrer (16), and the cleaned metal waste is dried in a drying device (18); 3. Extrusion: Add the metal block in the conical feed port 3 (19) into the extrusion chamber 1 (201), heat the extrusion chamber 1 (201), start pre-compaction, and extrusion; Fourth, cutting and transportation: the guide rod three (33) on the side is moved back, the extrusion chamber two (232) is heated, the guide rod one (31) continues to extrude and push out the blank, the metal blank on the side passes through the discharge cylinder (27), and the blank is discharged through the conveyor belt four (28); 5. The extrusion cylinder 3 (231) pushes the guide rod 3 (33) into the extrusion chamber 1 (201) and makes it flush with the first wall surface passing through the extrusion chamber 1 (201). The guide rod 1 (31) and the guide rod 2 (32) extrude the metal waste to form a blank, release the pressure, push out the blank, transport it to the discharge barrel (27) via the conveyor belt 3 (26), and discharge the blank via the conveyor belt 4 (28).

4. A method for recycling metal waste according to claim 3, characterized in that The large metal blocks screened in step 1 are transported via channel 1 (7), and the medium metal blocks screened are transported via channel 2 (8).

5. A method for recycling metal waste according to claim 3, characterized in that Step 3 pre-compaction is cancelled.

6. A method for recycling metal waste according to claim 3, characterized in that The heating and heat preservation in step 3 and step 4 are cancelled, or cold pressing is performed first, and then hot extrusion is performed.

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