A pneumatic multiple seed screening device for factory breeding and screening method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a pneumatic multiple seed screening device for factory breeding and a screening method thereof, comprising a frame, the frame having an upper end face and a lower end face, a seed inlet being arranged on the upper end face of the frame, a seed discharge port being arranged on the lower end face of the frame, a screening mechanism being arranged below the seed inlet, the screening mechanism comprising a plurality of seed channels arranged in parallel, a screening channel being arranged inside the lower section of the seed channel, the screening channel being connected to the interior of the upper section seed channel, the screening channel and the inner wall of the lower section seed channel forming an interlayer space, the interlayer space being pressurized or depressurized to be adjusted to a corresponding air pressure value, thereby adjusting the size change of the screening hole of the elastic section, so as to realize the screening operation of different kinds of seeds. The device can improve the screening efficiency of various kinds of seeds, and is not easy to damage the seeds.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural seed processing, and in particular relates to a pneumatic multiple seed screening device for factory breeding and a screening method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As we all know, facility agriculture is an important part of the development of modern agriculture. The development of facility agriculture can effectively improve resource utilization, land production rate and labor productivity, while improving agricultural efficiency and competitiveness. At present, the scale of my country's facility agriculture is expanding year by year, the variety of products is becoming increasingly rich, and the production efficiency is continuously improving. Seed screening is crucial for agricultural production. Domestic and foreign studies have shown that high-quality seeds play a role in increasing grain production. More than one-third.

[0003] In the prior art, the screening of raw seeds mostly relies on manual labor, the sorting standards are entirely based on experience, the sorting labor intensity is high and the sorting accuracy is low; although the traditional seed screening machine can improve the screening efficiency to a certain extent, the screening category is single and can only be used for the screening of a single seed, but cannot be applied to the screening of multiple different types of seeds. The equipment purchase cost required for multiple types of seeds is greatly increased, the equipment is inconvenient to use and has a limited scope of application, resulting in a low reuse rate of the equipment, which cannot meet the user's needs for diversified screening and sowing. In the prior art, seeds are screened and sorted by manual or screening machines, which is also prone to seed damage. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art and to provide a pneumatic multi-seed screening device and screening method for factory breeding. The screening device and screening method can realize the screening of multiple types of seeds and can be used on a screening machine or a seeder.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, one of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a pneumatic multiple seed screening device for factory breeding, comprising a frame, the frame having an upper end face and a lower end face, a seed inlet is arranged on the upper end face of the frame, a seed discharge port is arranged on the lower end face of the frame, a screening mechanism is arranged below the seed inlet, the screening mechanism comprises a plurality of seed channels arranged in parallel, a screening channel is built in the lower section of the seed channel, the screening channel is connected with the upper section of the seed channel, the screening channel and the inner wall of the lower section of the seed channel form an interlayer space, an elastic section is arranged on the screening channel, the air pressure of the interlayer space is pressurized or depressurized to adjust to a corresponding value, thereby adjusting the inner diameter size change of the elastic section for screening different types of seeds.

[0006] As a preferred solution, an air pump is fixed on the frame, the interlayer space is connected to the air pump through an air supply pipe, and the air pump is used to supply air into the interlayer space to change the air pressure in the interlayer space.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the seed outlet is divided into three parallel seed outlets by two partitions, and the first seed outlet, the second seed outlet and the third seed outlet are arranged in sequence. The first seed outlet is used to collect high-quality seeds that meet size requirements, the second seed outlet is used to collect low-quality seeds that are smaller in size than high-quality seeds, and the third seed outlet is used to collect low-quality seeds that are larger in size than high-quality seeds.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, a diverter mechanism is arranged below the screening mechanism, and the diverter mechanism includes a diverter plate, a rotating shaft and a diverter motor. The rotating shaft is arranged on both sides of the diverter plate, and is used for supporting and rotating the diverter plate on the side wall of the frame. The diverter motor is used to drive the diverter plate to rotate around the rotating shaft. When the diverter plate rotates toward the first seed outlet side and tilts downward, it is used to collect high-quality seeds. When the diverter plate rotates toward its third seed outlet side and tilts downward, it is used to collect inferior seeds that are larger in size than the high-quality seeds.

[0009] As a preferred solution, sieve holes are distributed on the diverter plate, and the sieve holes are used to screen out inferior seeds that are smaller than high-quality seeds and collect them from the second seed outlet.

[0010] As a preferred solution, connecting grooves are provided on both sides of the diverter plate, and connecting blocks matching the connecting grooves are provided at the ends of the rotating shaft. The connecting blocks are inserted into the connecting grooves to support and transmit the diverter plate.

[0011] As a preferred solution, an identification mechanism is provided at one side of the seed inlet for capturing images of the seeds to be screened and sending the image capture information to a controller, which is used to determine the seed category based on the image capture information.

[0012] As a preferred solution, a detection sensor is also provided on the inner wall of the frame for detecting the blockage condition in the elastic section of the corresponding screening mechanism and transmitting the blockage condition of the elastic section to the controller for determining whether to proceed to the next operation based on the current blockage condition in the elastic section.

[0013] As a preferred solution, the side wall of the frame is provided with an opening and closing plate, which is used to replace the diverter plate by opening the opening and closing plate, and to enclose the side wall of the frame into a screening operation space that is closed on all sides by closing the opening and closing plate.

[0014] The second object of the present invention is to disclose a pneumatic multiple seed screening method for factory breeding;

[0015] Step 1: When the seeds to be screened enter the frame from the seed inlet, the image acquisition camera located in the identification mechanism of the frame seed inlet acquires images of the seeds to be screened;

[0016] Step 2: Send the image information collected in step 1 to the controller, determine the category of the seeds to be screened, call out the size requirement range of the high-quality seeds in the database, and then convert the digital signal of the size requirement range into an air pressure change signal and transmit it to the air pump. The air pump supplies air into the interlayer space, and the elastic section bulges so that its inner diameter reaches a preset working size.

[0017] Step 3: The controller sends a control instruction to the diversion motor to control the diversion plate to rotate toward the first seed outlet first, so that the diversion plate is tilted and lowered toward the lower side with the rotating shaft as the center, so that the high-quality seeds fall from the first seed outlet and are collected; the low-quality seeds smaller than the high-quality seeds are screened out from the sieve holes on the diversion plate, fall from the second seed outlet and are collected;

[0018] Step 4. When all detection sensors have not detected any seeding signal, the controller determines that the seeding ports of all elastic sections of the screening mechanism are blocked, and the control device sends a control signal to the diverter motor to rotate toward the third seed outlet and tilt downward, and at the same time controls the air pump to reduce the air pressure, so that the elastic section contracts to increase its inner diameter, so that inferior seeds larger than the size of the high-quality seeds fall and are collected by the third seed outlet. After a preset time, the inferior seeds blocked in the elastic section have been discharged, and the controller sends a control signal to the diverter motor to rotate toward the first seed outlet, so that the diverter plate tilts and lowers downward on this side with the rotating shaft as the center, and at the same time the air pump restores the working air pressure so that the inner diameter of the elastic section reaches the preset working size, and the sorting operations of steps 2 and 3 are repeated.

[0019] Beneficial Effects

[0020] First, the present invention has improved structure, including identification mechanism, screening mechanism and diversion mechanism. The identification mechanism is arranged at the seed inlet of the screening mechanism, and is used to judge the category of seeds, so as to retrieve the size of high-quality seeds of the category, thereby further completing the separation. The screening mechanism is used to adjust the inner diameter of the screening hole, and can not only screen according to different size types of a certain seed to select high-quality seeds, but also can adapt to the screening of various types of seeds, which greatly enhances the versatility of the device.

[0021] Secondly, the screening mechanism of the device has a seed channel and a screening channel. The screening channel is connected to the seed channel in the upper section, and the screening channel and the outer wall of the seed channel in the lower section form a sandwich space. An elastic section is arranged on the screening channel. By introducing air pressure of different pressures into the sandwich space, the elastic section bulges or retracts according to the change of air pressure, thereby adjusting the inner diameter size of the screening hole to separate seeds of different sizes.

[0022] Third, in this scheme, the diversion mechanism is composed of a diversion plate, a rotating shaft and a diversion motor. The diversion plate is installed on the frame through the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft plays a role of supporting the diversion plate. Through the action of the diversion motor, the diversion plate can rotate to both sides, thereby dividing the seeds into three types: high-quality seeds, low-quality seeds larger than high-quality seeds, and low-quality seeds smaller than high-quality seeds. During the entire separation process, the seeds flow naturally and are not easily damaged.

[0023] Fourthly, this solution optimizes the seed screening process, organically combines with the specific structure of the above-mentioned device, strictly controls the air pressure in the interlayer space, and realizes the screening of seeds of different qualities by adjusting the size of the screening holes. In addition, this specific structure can be applied to the screening of various types of seeds. At the same time, it cooperates with the inclination state of the diversion mechanism and strictly implements the action time interval, so that the three separated seeds of different qualities can be collected separately at the three collection ports. This screening process improves the efficiency of the screening operation while avoiding the occurrence of seed damage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 The three-dimensional screening device of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 2 is a top view of the screening device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 The three-dimensional screening device of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the screening device of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the screening device of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the internal structure of the seed channel in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 is a perspective view of the identification mechanism in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of the air pump in the present invention;

[0033] Fig. 9 It is a structural diagram of the gas supply pipeline in the present invention;

[0034] Fig.10 This is a connection diagram of the manifold;

[0035] Markings in the figure: 1, frame, 11, seed inlet, 12, seed outlet, 121, first seed outlet, 122, second seed outlet, 123, third seed outlet, 13, opening and closing plate, 14, hinge, 15, magnetic strip, 2, screening mechanism, 21, seed channel, 22, screening channel, 221, elastic section, 222, conical section, 23, interlayer space, 3, diversion mechanism, 31, diversion plate, 311, connecting groove, 312, sieve hole, 32, rotating shaft, 321, connecting block, 33. shunt motor, 331. driving gear, 332. driven gear, 4. air pump, 41. air pump exhaust port, 42. air pump air inlet, 43. pneumatic motor, 44. pressure display, 45. base, 5. air supply pipeline, 51. air supply main pipe, 52. air supply branch pipe, 53. air supply branch pipe, 6. partition, 7. identification mechanism, 71. fill light component, 72. image acquisition camera, 73. light shield, 8. detection sensor, 9. controller, 10. pressure sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention is described in detail below by means of exemplary embodiments. However, it should be understood that, without further description, elements, structures and features in one embodiment may also be beneficially combined in other embodiments.

[0037] As shown in the figure, the present embodiment provides a pneumatic multiple seed screening device for factory breeding, including a frame 1, wherein the frame 1 has a seed inlet 11 located on the upper end surface and a seed discharge port 12 located on the lower end surface, and a accommodating space for a screening mechanism 2 is formed in the frame 1. The screening mechanism 2 is arranged in more than one row, and the screening mechanism 2 is correspondingly connected below the seed inlet 11. Each group of screening mechanisms 2 includes a plurality of seed channels 21 arranged in parallel, and a screening channel 22 is arranged inside the lower section of the seed channel 21. By changing the inner diameter size of the screening hole in the screening channel 22, the device is adapted to intelligent identification and screening of multiple types of seeds, so as to enhance the versatility of the device.

[0038] The function of the frame 1 is to provide a seed sorting space. The frame 1 adopts a rectangular parallelepiped structure. Three long seed inlets 11 are arranged side by side on the upper end surface of the frame 1. The cross section of the seed inlet 11 is an inverted trapezoid. The number of seed inlets 11 can also be designed and adjusted according to needs. The number of screening mechanisms 2 is adapted to the seed inlet 11. Three seed discharge ports 12 are arranged side by side on the lower end surface of the frame 1. The three seed discharge ports are formed by separating the lower opening of the frame 1 by two partitions 6. The first seed discharge port 121 located on one side is used to receive seeds of a better size, that is, high-quality seeds. This part of high-quality seeds is the part to be selected by screening. The second seed discharge port 122 located in the middle is used to receive seeds with a smaller size than the high-quality seeds. The remaining third seed discharge port 123 located on the other side is used to receive seeds with a larger size than the high-quality seeds. The inner cavity of the frame 1 is a seed sorting cavity.

[0039] In this embodiment, an identification mechanism 7 is provided at at least one seed inlet, and the identification mechanism 7 is located on one side of the seed inlet 11 of the frame 1, and is composed of a fill light component 71, an image acquisition camera 72, and a light shield 73, wherein the fill light device 71 and the visual recognition camera 72 are both installed on the light shield 73, and the fill light component 71 can ensure that the light intensity in the identification mechanism 7 is consistent, so that a clearer picture can be identified when taking pictures of the seeds to be screened. The upper end of the identification mechanism 7 is the image acquisition camera 72, which transmits the picture information to the controller 9. The identification mechanism 7 is used to identify the category of seeds entering the screening hole and collect some physical information of the seeds, and feed back the category of the seeds and physical information such as the length, width, thickness of the seeds to the controller 9 to assist the controller 9 in determining the optimal size of the sorted seeds. In order to prevent the identification mechanism 7 from making a wrong judgment, an identification mechanism 7 can also be set at more than two seed inlets or on both sides of a seed inlet to identify the category of the seeds. When the two identification mechanisms 7 collect and obtain the seed category information and the control unit determines that it is consistent, the optimal size database for sorting seeds is retrieved. When the control unit determines that it is inconsistent, a second judgment is made or an artificial assisted judgment operation is performed.

[0040] A specific embodiment of the screening mechanism 2 is structured as follows: each row of the screening mechanism 2 is provided with 11 seed channels 21, which are arranged side by side at the lower end of the seed inlet 11 of the frame 1. The seed channel 21 is a vertical channel as a whole. A screening channel 22 is arranged inside the lower section of the vertical channel. The screening channel 22 includes a tapered section 222 and an elastic section 221 connected to the upper section of the seed channel 21. The large diameter end of the tapered section 222 is connected to the inner wall of the seed channel 21, and the small diameter end of the tapered section 222 is connected to the elastic section 221. 1 connection, the elastic section 221 is a section of pneumatic hose, the wall of the pneumatic hose bulges and shrinks inward, so that a screening hole is formed around the inner wall of the tube cavity of the pneumatic hose, and an interlayer space 23 is provided between the pneumatic hose and the inner wall of the lower section of the seed channel 21. The bulging or shrinking of the elastic section 221 is achieved by pressurizing or depressurizing the gas in the interlayer space 23. The longer seed channel above the elastic section 221 can ensure the orderly passage of seeds and prevent the seeds from being blocked in the screening hole of the elastic section 221.

[0041] The present scheme also includes an air pump 4 and an air supply pipe 5 arranged on the outer wall of the frame 1. The air supply pipe 5 includes an air supply main pipe 51, an air supply branch pipe 52 and an air supply branch pipe 53. The number of the air supply branch pipes 52 and the screening mechanism 2 is the same, both being 3 groups. The air supply ends of the air supply branch pipes 52 are connected to the air supply main pipe 51. The air supply branch pipes 53 are distributed along the length direction of the air supply branch pipes 52 and are used to connect the air supply branch pipes 52 and the interlayer space 23 of the jacket tube 2. The air inlet end of the air supply branch pipe 53 is connected to the air hole on the side wall of the lower section of the seed channel 21, so as to adjust the air pressure in the interlayer space 23. The pressure sensor 10 is installed in the air supply main pipe 51 to detect the air pressure in the air pipe, so as to determine whether the air pressure in the interlayer space 23 outside the pneumatic hose meets the requirements.

[0042] In order to prevent the seeds to be screened from being blocked during the screening process, this solution specially designs a longer seed channel 21 to effectively prevent the above situation from happening; at the same time, the longer seed channel 21 can ensure that when the seeds reach the pneumatic hose (elastic section), the air pump 4 has already transmitted the air pressure to the pneumatic hose, and the pneumatic hose has been deformed. After the gas enters the interlayer space 23 outside the pneumatic hose through the air inlet from the air supply pipe 5, the pneumatic hose will become larger or smaller due to the change in air pressure. The inner wall of the pneumatic hose forms a screening hole. The seed screening can be achieved by changing the inner diameter of the screening hole, and the size change of the screening hole requires the bulging and contraction of the pneumatic hose to be achieved. The bulging and contraction of the pneumatic hose needs to be finally achieved by the change of the air pressure introduced into the interlayer space 23. This solution changes the size of the screening hole to meet the size requirements of different types of seeds.

[0043] In this embodiment, the air pump 4 mainly transports gas to the pneumatic hose through the air supply pipe 5 to realize the adjustable inner diameter function of the screening hole, thereby realizing the screening function of various types of seeds; the air pump 4 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the frame 1, and the air pump 4 is composed of an air pump exhaust port 41, an air pump air inlet 42, an air motor 43, a pressure display 44 and a base 45. The base 45 is used to fix the air pump 4 and the frame 1. The controller 9 transmits the air pressure change signal to the air motor 43 of the air pump, and the air motor 43 starts to work, starts to inhale gas from the air pump air inlet 42, and discharges a certain amount of air from the air pump exhaust port 41 into the air supply pipe 5. The gas is finally transported to the pneumatic hose of each screening mechanism 2 through the air supply pipe 5. At the same time, the pressure display 44 can display the air pressure provided by the air pump 4 to ensure that it meets the seed sorting size requirements.

[0044] The present solution also includes a diversion mechanism 3, and a specific implementation structure is as follows: the diversion mechanism 3 includes a diversion plate 31, a rotating shaft 32 and a diversion motor 33. The rotating shaft 32 is arranged on both sides of the diversion plate 31, and is used to support and rotate the diversion plate 31 on the side wall of the frame 1. The rotating shaft 32 includes a driving rotating shaft 322 and a driven rotating shaft 323. The driving rotating shaft 322 and the driven rotating shaft 323 are both rotatably connected to the side wall of the frame 1. A connecting block 321 is arranged at the opposite end of the driving rotating shaft 322 and the driven rotating shaft 323. The connecting block 321 can be made of a magnet material, and a connecting block 321 matching the connecting block 321 is arranged on the lower end surfaces on both sides of the diversion plate 31. The connecting groove 311, since the separation plate 31 is a metal plate, the connecting groove 311 and the connecting block 321 can be firmly adsorbed. The purpose of adopting such a split design is to facilitate the replacement of the appropriate diverter plate 31 with the inner diameter of the sieve hole 312 according to the different types of seeds to be screened. An opening and closing plate 13 is arranged on the side wall of the frame 1. The opening and closing plate 13 is hinged to the frame 1 through a hinge 14. The opening and closing plate 13 can be opened to replace or clean the diverter plate 31. The opening and closing plate 13 is closed for the side wall of the frame 1 to form a closed space on all sides. Magnetic strips 15 are arranged on both sides of the opening and closing plate 13 to facilitate the opening and closing of the opening and closing plate 13.

[0045] In this embodiment, a driven gear 332 is provided at the outer end of the driving shaft 322 located at the frame 1, and the diverter motor 33 is fixed on the outer wall of the frame 1 through a base. A driving gear 331 is provided on the output shaft of the diverter motor 33, and the driving gear 331 is meshed with the driven gear 332. The diverter motor 33 is used to drive the diverter plate 31 to rotate around the shaft 32. When the diverter plate 31 rotates toward its first seed outlet 121 and tilts downward, it is used to collect the screened high-quality seeds. At the same time, since the diverter plate 31 is formed with a screening hole 312, when the diverter plate 31 rotates toward its third seed outlet 123 and tilts downward, it is used to collect the screened low-quality seeds that are larger than the high-quality seeds. When the seeds slide down the upper end surface of the diverter plate 31, the screening hole 312 can screen out the low-quality seeds that are smaller than the high-quality seeds.

[0046] In this solution, a detection sensor 8 is also provided on the side wall of the frame 1, which is used to detect the blockage in the screening hole of the corresponding screening mechanism 2, and transmit the seed blockage information to the controller 9. Specifically, when all the screening holes are blocked by large-sized inferior seeds, the detection sensor 8 detects that there is no seed discharge from all the discharge ports of the screening mechanism 2, and then transmits the information to the controller 9. The controller 9 will send an instruction to the air pump 4 to reduce the air pressure in the interlayer space 23, and the pneumatic hose of the elastic section 221 will shrink, and the aperture of the screening hole in the elastic section 221 will become larger. At this time, the seeds blocking the elastic section 221 fall from the screening hole. After the seeds in the screening hole are all discharged after a certain period of time, the air pump 4 will restore the working air pressure to continue the seed screening operation.

[0047] The present embodiment also provides a pneumatic multiple seed screening method for factory breeding, step one, when the seeds to be screened enter the frame 1 from the seed inlet 11, the image acquisition camera 72 located in the identification mechanism 7 of the seed inlet 11 of the frame 1 performs image acquisition for the seeds to be screened that enter; step two, the image information collected in step one is sent to the controller 9, the category of the seeds to be screened is determined, the size requirement range of the high-quality seeds in the seeds in the database is called out, and then the digital signal of the size requirement range is converted into an air pressure change signal and transmitted to the air pump 4, the air pump 4 supplies air into the interlayer space 23, and the elastic section 221 bulges so that the inner diameter of its screening hole reaches a preset working size; step three, the controller 9 sends a control instruction to the diverter motor 33, controls the diverter plate 31 to rotate toward the first seed outlet 121 side first, so that the diverter plate 31 is tilted and lowered toward the side below with the rotating shaft 32 as the center, so that the high-quality seeds fall from the first seed outlet 121 and are collected; The inferior seeds with small size are screened out from the sieve holes 311 on the diverter plate 31, fall from the second seed outlet 122 and are collected; Step 4, when all the detection sensors 8 do not detect the seeding signal, the controller 9 determines that the seeding ports of all the elastic sections 221 of the screening mechanism 2 are blocked, and the controller 9 sends a control signal to the diverter motor 33 to rotate and tilt downward to the third seed outlet 123 side, and at the same time controls the air pump 4 to reduce the air pressure, and the elastic section 221 contracts to increase its inner diameter, so that the inferior seeds larger than the high-quality seeds fall and are collected by the third seed outlet 123. After a preset time, the inferior seeds blocking the elastic section 221 have been discharged, and the controller 9 sends a control signal to the diverter motor 33 to rotate to the first seed outlet 121 side, so that the diverter plate 31 is tilted and lowered toward the lower side with the rotating shaft 32 as the center, and at the same time the air pump 4 restores the working air pressure, so that the inner diameter of the elastic section 221 reaches the preset working size, and the sorting operation of steps 2 and 3 is repeated.

[0048] In order to make this scheme have a better effect, this scheme is further optimized. The diverter plate includes an upper end plate and a lower end plate arranged in parallel. The upper and lower end plates are connected by a plurality of support columns. Sieve holes are correspondingly arranged on the upper and lower end plates, and a mezzanine space closed on all sides is formed between the upper and lower end plates. The sieve holes of the upper and lower end plates correspond and are connected by an elastic hose. The expansion and contraction of the elastic hose is achieved by adjusting the air pressure in the mezzanine space to adjust the inner diameter of the sieve hole. When the interlayer space is pressurized, the inner diameter of the sieve hole becomes smaller, and when the interlayer space is depressurized, the inner diameter of the sieve hole expands. There is no need to replace the sieve plate when switching screening for different types of seeds, and the size range of a certain type of high-quality seeds screened out can also be adjusted according to needs. Secondly, since some inferior seeds may leak through the screen on the diverter plate, in order to avoid this situation, a long seed guide protrusion is provided on the upper end surface of the diverter plate. The seed guide protrusion is arranged between two rows of adjacent sieve holes arranged in a regular manner, so that a seed guide groove is formed between the two seed guide protrusions. The sieve holes arranged in a row are located at the bottom of the seed guide groove. The length of the seed guide protrusion is along the feeding direction of the diverter plate. When the seeds fall to the end surface of the diverter plate, they will fall into the seed guide groove and be fed along the guide groove to the inclined side of the diverter plate, and will not accumulate on the top of the seed guide protrusion. All seeds will pass through the sieve holes at the bottom of the seed guide groove to increase the screening and elimination rate of inferior seeds, thereby avoiding seed leakage and ensuring the separation effect of the device better.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with this profession can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes using the technical contents disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pneumatic multiple seed screening device for factory breeding, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame body, wherein the frame body has an upper end face and a lower end face, a seed inlet is arranged on the upper end face of the frame body, a seed discharge port is arranged on the lower end face of the frame body, a screening mechanism is arranged below the seed inlet, the screening mechanism comprises a plurality of seed channels arranged in parallel, a screening channel is built in the lower section of the seed channel, the screening channel is connected with the upper section of the seed channel, the screening channel and the inner wall of the lower section of the seed channel form a sandwich space, an elastic section is arranged on the screening channel, the screening channel comprises a tapered section and an elastic section connected with the upper section of the seed channel, the large diameter end of the tapered section is connected with the inner wall of the seed channel, the small diameter end of the tapered section is connected with the elastic section, the elastic section is a pneumatic hose, the wall of the pneumatic hose bulges and contracts inwardly; the air pressure of the sandwich space is increased or reduced to adjust to a corresponding value, thereby adjusting the change of the inner diameter size of the elastic section, so as to perform screening operations on seeds of different categories; The seed outlet is divided into three parallel seed outlets by two partitions, the first seed outlet, the second seed outlet and the third seed outlet are arranged in sequence, the first seed outlet is used to collect high-quality seeds that meet size requirements, the second seed outlet is used to collect low-quality seeds that are smaller than high-quality seeds, and the third seed outlet is used to collect low-quality seeds that are larger than high-quality seeds; A diversion mechanism is provided below the screening mechanism, and the diversion mechanism includes a diversion plate, a rotating shaft and a diversion motor. The rotating shaft is provided on both sides of the diversion plate, and is used for supporting and rotating the diversion plate on the side wall of the frame. The diversion motor is used for driving the diversion plate to rotate around the rotating shaft. When the diversion plate rotates toward the first seed outlet side and tilts downward, it is used to collect high-quality seeds. When the diversion plate rotates toward the third seed outlet side and tilts downward, it is used to collect low-quality seeds that are larger in size than the high-quality seeds. The splitter plate is provided with sieve holes, which are used to screen out inferior seeds that are smaller than the high-quality seeds and collect them from the second seed outlet; The side wall of the frame is provided with an opening and closing plate, which is used to replace the diverter plate by opening the opening and closing plate, and to enclose the side wall of the frame into a screening operation space that is closed on all sides by closing the opening and closing plate.

2. The pneumatic multiple seed screening device for factory breeding according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air pump is fixed on the frame, and the interlayer space is connected to the air pump through an air supply pipeline. The air pump is used to supply air into the interlayer space to change the air pressure in the interlayer space.

3. The pneumatic multiple seed screening device for factory breeding according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Connecting grooves are arranged on both sides of the diverter plate, and connecting blocks matching with the connecting grooves are arranged at the ends of the rotating shaft. The connecting blocks are inserted into the connecting grooves to support and drive the diverter plate.

4. The pneumatic multiple seed screening device for factory breeding according to claim 3, characterized in that: An identification mechanism is provided at one side of the seed inlet for capturing images of seeds to be screened and sending the image capture information to a controller, which is used to determine the seed category based on the image capture information.

5. The pneumatic multiple seed screening device for factory breeding according to claim 4, characterized in that: A detection sensor is also provided on the inner wall of the frame for detecting the blockage in the elastic section of the corresponding screening mechanism and transmitting the blockage in the elastic section to the controller for determining whether to proceed to the next operation according to the current blockage in the elastic section.

6. The screening method of the pneumatic multiple seed screening device for factory breeding according to claim 5, characterized in that: Step 1: When the seeds to be screened enter the frame from the seed inlet, the image acquisition camera located in the identification mechanism of the frame seed inlet acquires images of the seeds to be screened; Step 2: Send the image information collected in step 1 to the controller, determine the category of the seeds to be screened, call out the size requirement range of the high-quality seeds in the database, and then convert the digital signal of the size requirement range into an air pressure change signal and transmit it to the air pump. The air pump supplies air into the interlayer space, and the elastic section bulges so that its inner diameter reaches a preset working size. Step 3: The controller sends a control instruction to the diversion motor to control the diversion plate to rotate toward the first seed outlet first, so that the diversion plate is tilted and lowered toward the lower side with the rotating shaft as the center, so that the high-quality seeds fall from the first seed outlet and are collected; the low-quality seeds smaller than the high-quality seeds are screened out from the sieve holes on the diversion plate, fall from the second seed outlet and are collected; Step 4. When all detection sensors have not detected a seeding signal, the controller determines that the seeding ports of all elastic sections of the screening mechanism are blocked, and sends a control signal to the diverter motor to rotate toward the third seed outlet and tilt downward, and at the same time controls the air pump to reduce the air pressure, so that the elastic section contracts to increase its inner diameter, so that inferior seeds larger than the high-quality seeds fall and are collected by the third seed outlet. After a preset time, the inferior seeds blocked in the elastic section have been discharged, and the controller sends a control signal to the diverter motor to rotate toward the first seed outlet, so that the diverter plate tilts and lowers downward on this side with the rotating shaft as the center, and at the same time the air pump restores the working air pressure so that the inner diameter of the elastic section reaches the preset working size, and the sorting operations of steps 2 and 3 are repeated.

Images