A locomotive driving hollow shaft cross gear processing device and method

Abstract

The present invention provides a locomotive drive hollow shaft cross gear processing device and method, which relates to the locomotive processing technology field. The device of the present invention includes a clamping device, a pressure-controlled tensioning and positioning device and an angle positioning device which are sequentially arranged on a connecting plate from top to bottom. The outer side of the connecting plate is connected to a numerical control indexing turntable. The pressure-controlled tensioning and positioning device is inserted into the tail of the hollow shaft. The pressure-controlled tensioning and positioning device is connected to a hydraulic power source. The axis of the hollow shaft is a horizontal axis. The top of the hollow shaft is in contact with a milling cutter, and the milling cutter is connected to a machine tool spindle. The present invention innovatively formulates a process flow for machining the locomotive drive hollow shaft cross gear using a disc-shaped multi-tooth forming milling cutter on a vertical machine tool spindle, formulates a reasonable and practical processing method, and completely changes the original outdated processing technology. It strives to completely solve the problems of low processing efficiency, poor precision and quality with the simplest and most convenient process operation method, and further improves the technical level of a locomotive drive hollow shaft cross gear processing field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of locomotive machining, and in particular to a device and method for machining a cross tooth of a locomotive driving hollow shaft. Background Art

[0002] The hollow shaft assembly is a key component of the high-speed locomotive bogie drive device. The drive device generates dynamic imbalance when rotating at high speed. The driving force generated by the motor is output through the output end of the driven gear, through the hollow shaft, etc., and finally transmitted to the locomotive wheel set. The hollow shaft assembly bears all the movements between the locomotive wheel set and the drive device, and withstands high-intensity alternating loads. The hollow shaft assembly is positioned by the end cross teeth and then fastened by bolt connection. The cross end teeth are cross-distributed teeth that have the functions of positioning and outputting torque. It is a high-speed and heavy-load transmission structure. This connection method has very high requirements on the precision of the hollow shaft cross teeth.

[0003] The cross teeth are located at the end of the hollow shaft. The torque transmitted by the motor needs to be transmitted through the cross teeth at the end of the hollow shaft. It is necessary to ensure that the coaxiality between the center of the cross teeth at the end and the axis of the hollow shaft is high, reaching 0.1mm, and the tooth profile tolerance is also high. Since the outside of the hollow shaft is a conical surface, the conventional processing method is to finish the positioning surface A and the reference surface B before processing the inner hole of the reference A, and then mark the end of the hollow shaft to determine the angle and find the positive line, and then process the cross end teeth at the end of the shaft. Due to the small flat area of ​​the non-toothed large end of the hollow shaft structure, the center of gravity of the hollow shaft is higher when the cross end teeth are used for vertical processing upward. When the material cutting performance is poor and the cutting force is large, the workpiece is not easy to clamp stably, so the hollow shaft axis is placed horizontally on the horizontal machine tool workbench for processing.

[0004] However, the existing hollow shaft cross tooth processing method has certain shortcomings. The existing method uses a single-tooth carbide finger-type tool to process the cross end teeth. Since the hardness of the hollow shaft material after tempering is high and the material cutting performance is poor, the finger-type tool has a large cutting area and a high cutting temperature, and is easily worn after milling. A single milling cutter can only process 2 hollow shaft cross teeth, and the tool durability is low. Due to the low tool durability of the single-tooth carbide finger-type tool, the precision and surface quality of the tooth processing are unstable, and the scrap rate is high. The cutting depth is insufficient, the cutting parameters cannot be improved, and the processing efficiency is affected. It takes 8 hours to process a hollow shaft cross tooth. There is a cumulative error in the cross tooth processing relative to the reference A, and there is a risk of processing out-of-tolerance due to the inconsistent reference. The existing method requires an angle scribing process, and the clamping detection and adjustment are complicated. The operator is required to first install a micrometer on the machine tool spindle, align the micrometer pressure gauge along the outer cylindrical positioning surface A of the hollow shaft and the axial edge line of the reference B by 0.02mm, and manually rotate the four angles of the hollow shaft for alignment. Finally, the needle disc aligns the angle of the cross tooth according to the end angle line. The V-shaped bracket needs to be adjusted slowly to ensure the coaxiality of the hollow shaft axis. This requires the operator to have rich experience and the inspection and adjustment takes a long time. Summary of the invention

[0005] According to the above technical problems of low tool durability and large positioning error in the existing hollow shaft cross gear processing method, a locomotive driving hollow shaft cross gear processing device and method are provided. The present invention mainly utilizes the setting of a clamping positioning device to achieve the effect of precise guiding and positioning.

[0006] The technical means adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0007] A locomotive driving hollow shaft cross gear processing device, comprising: a pressure control tension positioning device and an angle positioning device arranged on a connecting plate from top to bottom in sequence;

[0008] The pressure-controlled tensioning and positioning device is inserted into the tail of the hollow shaft, the pressure-controlled tensioning and positioning device is connected to the hydraulic power source, the end of the internal oil channel of the pressure-controlled tensioning and positioning device is connected to a pressure gauge, and the pressure gauge feeds back the pressure value and controls the pressure value through the hydraulic power source;

[0009] The angle positioning device is connected to the three ear ends on the outer side of the tail of the hollow shaft, and the angle positioning device is used to perform angle positioning on the cross gear;

[0010] The outer side of the connecting plate is connected to the CNC indexing turntable, the outer side of the CNC indexing turntable is connected to the chassis, the chassis and the guide rails are arranged on the workbench, and the guide rails are provided with a hydraulically adjustable auxiliary bracket and a thrust bearing center frame. The upper ends of the hydraulically adjustable auxiliary bracket and the thrust bearing center frame are in contact with the outer shaft body of the hollow shaft, the axis of the hollow shaft is a horizontal axis, the top of the hollow shaft is in contact with the milling cutter, and the milling cutter is connected to the machine tool spindle.

[0011] Furthermore, the milling cutter is a disc-shaped multi-tooth forming milling cutter, and the machine tool spindle is a vertical gantry machine tool spindle.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a clamping device arranged above the pressure-controlled tensioning and positioning device, the clamping device includes a clamping support block fixed on the connecting plate, the clamping support block is connected to the pressure plate through a clamping bolt and a clamping nut, a gap is provided between the clamping support block and the pressure plate for clamping the three-ear end on the outer side of the rear end of the hollow shaft, and a tightening bolt is provided between the clamping support block and the pressure plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the pressure-controlled tensioning positioning device includes a positioning device body fixed on the connecting plate, the outer side of the positioning device body is connected to the sealing cylinder body and the guide positioning cover in sequence, an elastic thin-walled slotted sleeve is provided on the outer side wall of the sealing cylinder body, an oil channel is provided inside the positioning device body, the end of the oil channel is connected to the pressure gauge, the oil channel is connected to the hydraulic power source through a hydraulic joint, and an O-ring is provided on the outer side of the positioning device and the sealing cylinder body.

[0014] Furthermore, the oil passage, the sealing cylinder body and the O-ring form a closed hydraulic oil chamber, and the local inner cylindrical surface of the sealing cylinder body and the outer cylindrical surface of the positioning device body are transitionally matched to form an annular sealing chamber within the annular range of the two O-rings, and the center of the outer cylindrical surface of the positioning device body is highly concentric with the center of the inner and outer cylindrical surfaces of the sealing cylinder body.

[0015] Furthermore, the angle positioning device includes an angle positioning body fixed on the connecting plate, the angle positioning body is provided with a dovetail groove, an angle positioning block is provided in the dovetail groove, the angle positioning body is connected to the angle positioning block through a positioning and fastening screw, the angle positioning block is connected to the angle positioning adjustment screw, the outer side of the angle positioning block is a cylindrical surface, the angle positioning adjustment screw is a ball head screw, the angle positioning block and the angle positioning adjustment screw are arranged in the hole in the three-ear end, and the cylindrical surface of the angle positioning block and the ball head surface of the angle positioning adjustment screw are adapted to the inner side surface of the hole in the three-ear end.

[0016] Furthermore, the thrust bearing center frame includes a center frame lower frame body, the lower end of the center frame lower frame body is fixed to the workbench by a bracket fastening bolt pressure plate, the upper end of the center frame lower frame body is provided with an arc-shaped lower thrust bearing, the upper end of the center frame lower frame body is provided with a center frame upper frame body, the lower end of the center frame upper frame body is provided with an arc-shaped upper thrust bearing, the curvature of the lower thrust bearing and the upper thrust bearing is adapted to the curvature of the hollow shaft, one end of the upper thrust bearing is connected to a connecting pin, the connecting pin is connected to a hinge bolt below, the other end of the hinge bolt is connected to the center frame lower frame body, the other end of the upper thrust bearing is connected to the center frame connecting bolt, the part of the center frame connecting bolt protruding from the center frame upper frame body is connected to a clamping nut, and the lower end of the center frame connecting bolt is fixed to the center frame lower frame body.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for machining a cross tooth of a locomotive driving hollow shaft, which is implemented based on the above-mentioned device and includes the following steps:

[0018] Install the pressure-controlled tensioning positioning device to the connecting plate, align the outer cylindrical surface of the positioning clamp body, ensure that the center line of the positioning clamp body is consistent with the center line of the CNC indexing rotary table, and connect and clamp the positioning clamp body and the CNC indexing rotary table through the positioning cylinder;

[0019] Install the thrust bearing center frame onto the guide rail, make the center line of the thrust bearing center frame consistent with the center line of the CNC indexing rotary table, and open the upper frame of the center frame;

[0020] The large inner diameter at the end of the hollow shaft is taken as reference A, and the small inner diameter at the beginning of the hollow shaft is taken as reference B;

[0021] Hoist the locomotive hollow shaft onto the thrust bearing center frame and the hydraulically adjustable auxiliary bracket, so that the hydraulically adjustable auxiliary bracket is located below reference A and the thrust bearing center frame is located below reference B;

[0022] Install a micrometer pressure gauge on the machine tool spindle, and ensure that the center line of the hollow shaft is consistent with the center line of the CNC indexing rotary table by aligning the heights of datum A and datum B;

[0023] Push the hollow shaft into the guide positioning cover, install the inner hole of reference A in place, and lower the hydraulically adjustable auxiliary bracket;

[0024] A hole in one of the three ears at the rear end of the hollow shaft is sleeved outside the angle positioning block and the angle positioning adjustment screw, and the angle positioning adjustment screw is adjusted to perform pre-positioning;

[0025] Start the hydraulic power source to control the pressure and flow direction of the hydraulic oil so that the pressure-controlled tensioning and positioning device can complete the positioning and clamping of the inner hole of the reference A;

[0026] Adjust the angle positioning adjustment screw to position the hollow shaft at an angle;

[0027] Use a clamping device to clamp another ear of the three ears at the tail of the hollow shaft;

[0028] Close the upper frame of the center frame so that the thrust bearing center frame clamps the hollow shaft;

[0029] Use a milling cutter to perform rough milling and fine milling on the cross tooth end of the hollow shaft in sequence to mill out four teeth in the horizontal direction;

[0030] Loosen the upper frame of the center frame, rotate the CNC indexing turntable 90°, close the upper frame of the center frame, use a milling cutter to perform rough milling and fine milling on the cross tooth end of the hollow shaft in sequence, and mill out another four teeth to form a cross tooth with the four teeth in the horizontal direction;

[0031] Open the upper frame of the center frame, move the hydraulically adjustable auxiliary bracket so that the hydraulically adjustable auxiliary bracket supports the bottom of the reference B, adjust the hydraulic power source to relieve the hydraulic oil pressure and flow direction, loosen the pressure control tension positioning device, loosen the clamping device and the angle positioning device, and remove the hollow shaft.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0033] The present invention realizes a pressure-controlled tensioning positioning device. The oil pressure in the annular sealing cavity increases, so that the upper wall of the thin-walled sealing cylinder body is subjected to uniform external pressure. The guide positioning cover is designed with a transition guide angle of 10° and 15mm in length, which can be easily introduced into the inner hole of the hollow shaft reference A. It can be positioned once according to the inner hole of the hollow shaft, and the centering is accurate and reliable. It changes the original alignment adjustment of the outer circle of the hollow shaft, which requires a lot of man-hours and cannot eliminate the positioning reference error problem. A specific structure elastic thin-walled slotted sleeve is used to increase the actual clamping force device, and the end pressure value is quantified and visible. Combined with an external hydraulic power source, the hydraulic oil pressure and flow direction are accurately controlled, which is fast and efficient and reduces the difficulty of operation.

[0034] The angle positioning device designed by the present invention is installed in the Φ100 hole of the hollow shaft. The angle positioning body is processed with a dovetail groove. The angle positioning block is placed in the dovetail groove for precise positioning. One end of the angle positioning block is processed with a cylindrical surface and matched with the Φ100 hole of the hollow shaft. The angle positioning adjustment screw of the ball head is combined to overcome the angle error during the processing and rotation of the hollow shaft, and is tightened to prevent rotation in the angle direction. The structure is compact and the positioning is accurate.

[0035] The invention designs a center frame with a thrust bearing, combines a V-shaped guide rail and a flat guide rail to accurately locate the reference axis of the hollow shaft, can realize multi-angle rotation and clamping functions, and has flexible structural adjustment.

[0036] The present invention innovatively formulates the process flow of machining the locomotive drive hollow shaft cross gear by using a disc-shaped multi-tooth forming milling cutter on the vertical machine tool spindle, and formulates a reasonable and practical processing method, which completely changes the original outdated processing technology, strives to use the simplest and most convenient process operation method to completely solve the problems of low processing efficiency, poor precision and quality, and further improves the technical level of the locomotive drive hollow shaft cross gear processing field. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0038] Figure 1 It is a front cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 It is a partial enlarged view of the pressure-controlled tensioning and positioning device of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 It is a left side cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 4 It is a right side cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 5 This is the reference diagram of the hollow shaft of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 6 It is a process flow chart of the present invention.

[0044] In the figure: 1. connecting plate; 2. clamping device; 21. clamping support block; 22. clamping bolt; 23. clamping nut; 24. pressing plate; 25. jacking bolt; 3. pressure control and tension positioning device; 31. hydraulic power source; 32. positioning device body; 33. sealing cylinder body; 34. guide positioning cover; 35. elastic thin-walled slotted sleeve; 36. hydraulic joint; 37. O-ring; 38. pressure gauge; 4. angle positioning device; 41. angle positioning body; 42. positioning fastening screw; 43. angle positioning block; 44. Angle positioning adjustment screw; 5. Center frame with thrust bearing; 51. Lower frame of center frame; 52. Bracket fastening bolt pressure plate; 53. Lower thrust bearing; 54. Upper frame of center frame; 55. Upper thrust bearing; 56. Connecting pin; 57. Hinge bolt; 58. Center frame connecting bolt; 59. Clamping nut; 6. CNC indexing rotary table; 7. Hollow shaft; 71. Three-ear end; 8. Machine case; 9. Workbench; 10. Hydraulically adjustable auxiliary bracket; 11. Milling cutter; 12. Machine tool spindle; 13. Guide rail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0046] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0048] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps described in these embodiments, the numerical expressions and numerical values ​​do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be clear that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, methods and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant field may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, methods and equipment should be regarded as part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention: the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0050] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below their position devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0051] Compared with the traditional single-tooth carbide finger-type tool, the disc-shaped multi-tooth forming milling cutter adopted in the present invention has multiple teeth intermittently participating in tooth processing. Intermittent cutting is beneficial to reducing the cutting temperature, but the intermittent cutting of the disc-shaped multi-tooth forming milling cutter is prone to vibration, requiring the processing machine tool to have good rigidity. The cutting force is large during the tooth milling process, and the output torque of the processing machine tool spindle is large. The hollow shaft body is long, reaching 1.3 meters, and the maximum turning radius is Φ740. When the disc-shaped multi-tooth forming milling cutter is used for processing on a horizontal machine tool, it is limited by the size of the workbench and needs to avoid spindle interference. The diameter of the disc cutter is greater than Φ250, and the spindle of the horizontal machine tool needs to extend horizontally by not less than 900mm. The vibration is large during the cutting process, and the processing quality is difficult to guarantee, which is not feasible.

[0052] A disc-shaped multi-tooth forming milling cutter is installed on the spindle of a vertical gantry machine tool to process the cross teeth of a hollow shaft. After processing the four horizontal teeth of the hollow shaft, the hollow shaft needs to be rotated 90 degrees to process the other four teeth. How to ensure the tooth shape accuracy of the cross teeth of the hollow shaft and the shape position with respect to datum A and datum B is shown in Examples 1 and 2.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] like Figure 1-5As shown, the present invention provides a locomotive driven hollow shaft cross gear processing device, which is sequentially arranged on a connecting plate 1 with a clamping device 2, a pressure-controlled tensioning and positioning device 3 and an angle positioning device 4 from top to bottom, the outer side of the connecting plate 1 is connected to a numerically controlled indexing turntable 6, the pressure-controlled tensioning and positioning device 3 is inserted into the tail of the hollow shaft 7, the pressure-controlled tensioning and positioning device 3 is connected to a hydraulic power source 31, the angle positioning device 4 is connected to a three-ear end 71 on the outer side of the tail of the hollow shaft 7, the outer side of the numerically controlled indexing turntable 6 is connected to a chassis 8, the chassis 8 and a guide rail 13 are arranged on a workbench 9, a hydraulically adjustable auxiliary bracket 10 and a thrust bearing center frame 5 are arranged on the guide rail 13, the upper ends of the hydraulically adjustable auxiliary bracket 10 and the thrust bearing center frame 5 are in contact with the outer shaft body of the hollow shaft 7, the axis of the hollow shaft 7 is a horizontal axis, the top of the hollow shaft 7 is in contact with a milling cutter 11, and the milling cutter 11 is connected to a machine tool spindle 12.

[0055] The milling cutter 11 is a disc-shaped multi-tooth forming milling cutter, and the machine tool spindle 12 is a vertical gantry machine tool spindle.

[0056] The clamping device 2 includes a clamping support block 21 fixed on the connecting plate 1. The clamping support block 21 is connected to the pressing plate 24 through a clamping bolt 22 and a clamping nut 23. A gap is provided between the clamping support block 21 and the pressing plate 24 to clamp the three-ear end 71 on the outer side of the tail of the hollow shaft 7. A clamping bolt 25 is provided between the clamping support block 21 and the pressing plate 24. The clamping device 2 is a high-precision cylindrical device with 16 non-through elastic thin-walled slotted sleeves 35 evenly distributed at both ends to increase the clamping contact area, amplify the actual clamping force, and make the clamping force uniform. The elastic thin-walled slotted sleeve 35 is embedded in the annular groove of the positioning device body 32. When the positioning device body 32 expands evenly outward, the actual clamping force is increased by clamping the elastic thin-walled slotted sleeve 35 to clamp the inner hole of the hollow shaft 7.

[0057] The pressure-controlled tensioning positioning device 3 includes a positioning device body 32 fixed on the connecting plate 1. The outer side of the positioning device body 32 is connected to the sealing cylinder 33 and the guide positioning cover 34 in sequence. The guide positioning cover 34 has a transition guide angle of 10° and a length of 15mm, which can be easily introduced into the inner hole of the hollow shaft 7 reference A. The length of the guide positioning cover 34 is 8mm. The high-precision outer cylindrical surface and the inner hole of the hollow shaft reference A are matched with each other, and the inner hole of the hollow shaft reference A can be initially positioned before tensioning. An elastic thin-walled slotted sleeve 35 is provided on the outer wall of the sealing cylinder 33. An oil channel is opened inside the positioning device body 32. The oil channel is connected to the hydraulic power source 31 through a hydraulic joint 36. An O-ring 37 is provided on the outer side of the positioning device 32 and the sealing cylinder 33. The pressure-controlled tensioning and positioning device 3 is precisely controlled by an external hydraulic power source 31 to control the hydraulic oil pressure and flow direction. When the hydraulic oil chamber is filled with hydraulic oil, the oil pressure in the annular sealing chamber increases, so that the inner wall of the thin-walled sealing cylinder body 33 is subjected to uniform external pressure, and the cylinder body 33 is uniformly expanded and clamped outward. The hydraulic oil pressure and flow direction are precisely controlled in the reverse direction, and the oil pressure in the sealing oil chamber 33 drops, and the cylinder body 33 is restored to its original diameter under the action of the elastic restoring force to achieve release. The pressure-controlled tensioning and positioning device 3 can achieve high-precision positioning of the inner cylindrical surface, uniform clamping and release, and the positioning device body 32 is equipped with a pressure gauge 38 to monitor the change value of the oil pressure at the end of the sealing chamber, and adjust the hydraulic power source 31 in time.

[0058] The oil passage, the sealing cylinder body 33 and the O-ring 37 constitute a closed hydraulic oil chamber. The local inner cylindrical surface of the sealing cylinder body 33 and the outer cylindrical surface of the positioning device body 32 are transitionally matched to form an annular sealing chamber with an annular thickness of about 0.05 mm within the annular range of the two O-rings 37. The center of the outer cylindrical surface of the positioning device body 32 is highly concentric with the center of the inner and outer cylindrical surfaces of the sealing cylinder body 33.

[0059] The angle positioning device 4 includes an angle positioning body 41 fixed on the connecting plate 1, the angle positioning body 41 is connected to the angle positioning block 43 through a positioning fastening screw 42, the angle positioning block 43 is connected to the angle positioning adjustment screw 44, and the angle positioning block 43 and the angle positioning adjustment screw 44 are arranged in the hole in the three-ear end 71. The angle positioning device 4 is installed in the Φ100 hole in one ear of the three-ear end 71 of the hollow shaft, such as Figure 3 The angle positioning body 4 is processed with a dovetail groove, and the angle positioning block 43 is placed in the dovetail groove for precise positioning. One end of the angle positioning block 43 is processed with a cylindrical surface and cooperates with a Φ100 hole in one ear of the three-ear end 71 of the hollow shaft. Combined with the ball head angle positioning adjustment screw 44, the angle error during the processing and rotation of the hollow shaft 7 is overcome, and it is tightened to prevent rotation in the angular direction.

[0060] The thrust bearing center frame 5 includes a center frame lower frame body 51, the lower end of which is fixed to the workbench 9 by a bracket fastening bolt pressure plate 52, an arc-shaped lower thrust bearing 53 is arranged on the upper end of the center frame lower frame body 51, a center frame upper frame body 54 is arranged above the center frame lower frame body 51, and an arc-shaped upper thrust bearing 55 is arranged on the lower end of the center frame upper frame body 54, and the arc of the lower thrust bearing 53 and the upper thrust bearing 55 is the same as that of the hollow shaft 7 The arc is adapted, one end of the upper thrust bearing 55 is connected to the connecting pin 56, the connecting pin 56 is connected to the hinge bolt 57 below, the other end of the hinge bolt 57 is connected to the lower frame body 51 of the center frame, the other end of the upper thrust bearing 55 is connected to the center frame connecting bolt 58, the part of the center frame connecting bolt 58 protruding from the center frame upper frame body 54 is connected to the clamping nut 59, and the lower end of the center frame connecting bolt 58 is fixed in the lower frame body 51 of the center frame. The thrust bearing center frame 5 is placed on the V-shaped guide rail and the flat guide rail to ensure the axial concentricity of the hollow shaft 7 in the center of the center frame. The thrust bearing is made of copper-tin alloy with a smooth surface roughness of 0.8. The thrust bearing center frame 5 is accurately positioned for the hollow shaft reference B surface Φ323 (+0.02, 0). The thrust bearing is accurately positioned on the center frame body and will not loosen or move. The thrust bearing center frame 5 loosens the connecting bolts and can be rotated to ensure the concentricity of the hollow shaft 7. After clamping, the surface of the thrust bearing and the reference B surface of the hollow shaft 7 fit tightly, which can resist the cutting force during the tooth milling process.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] like Figure 6 As shown, based on Example 1, the present invention also provides a method for machining a cross tooth of a locomotive driving hollow shaft, comprising the following steps:

[0063] Installation of pressure-controlled tensioning and positioning device 3

[0064] When the pressure-controlled tensioning positioning device 3 is installed on the CNC indexing rotary table 6 for the first time, a micrometer pressure gauge is installed on the machine tool spindle 12, and the outer cylindrical surface of the positioning clamp body is aligned to ensure that the center line of the positioning clamp body is consistent with the center line of the CNC indexing rotary table 6, and the positioning clamp body is connected and clamped with the CNC indexing rotary table 6 through the positioning cylinder. When the thrust bearing center frame 5 is installed for the first time, ensure that the center line of the center frame is consistent with the center line of the CNC indexing rotary table 6 and clamp it.

[0065] The locomotive hollow shaft 7 is Figure 1 As shown, a crane is used to install the thrust bearing 53 under the thrust bearing center frame 5 and the reference B is placed on the hydraulically adjustable auxiliary bracket 10, and a micrometer pressure gauge is installed on the machine tool spindle 12. By aligning the height of the hollow shaft reference B and the reference A, the center lines of the CNC indexing turntable 6 are ensured to be consistent.

[0066] Push the hollow shaft 7 into the guide positioning cover 34 of the pressure-controlled tensioning positioning device, push it in and ensure that the inner hole of the hollow shaft 7 reference AΦ264 (+0.13, 0) is installed in place, and lower the hydraulically adjustable auxiliary bracket 10.

[0067] Adjust the angle positioning adjustment screw 55 in the Φ100 hole of the hollow shaft to pre-position;

[0068] Start the external hydraulic power source 31 to accurately control the hydraulic oil pressure and flow direction to achieve high-precision positioning and uniform clamping of the reference AΦ264 (+0.13, 0) inner hole. Observe the pressure gauge to monitor the change of the oil pressure in the sealing chamber. When the standard pressure value E is reached, adjust the hydraulic power source in time to maintain the pressure. E is the tightening pressure value of the pressure-controlled tightening device.

[0069] Adjust the angle in the Φ100 hole of the hollow shaft and tighten the adjusting screw 4.

[0070] Rotate the CNC indexing turntable 6, install a micrometer pressure gauge on the machine tool spindle 12 to check that the circular runout of datum B and datum A is not greater than 0.04mm;

[0071] Two clamping devices 2 are used to clamp the hollow shaft 7 with bolt pressure plates;

[0072] Close the thrust bearing center frame 5 and clamp the thrust bearing center frame 5.

[0073] The vertical machine tool spindle 12 uses a Φ315 diameter disc-shaped 24-tooth forming milling cutter 11 (the machine clamp carbide blade is replaceable and the cutter body can be used multiple times) to mill four teeth in the horizontal direction, which is divided into two steps: rough milling and fine milling. The rough milling line speed is 150m / min, and the fine milling line speed is 200m / min.

[0074] Loosen the thrust bearing center frame 5, rotate the CNC indexing turntable 6 to an angle of 90°, and use the disc-shaped multi-tooth forming milling cutter on the machine tool spindle 12 to mill the other four teeth. It is divided into two steps of rough milling and fine milling. It takes 3 hours to process a hollow shaft cross tooth.

[0075] The center frame upper frame body 54 is loosened and opened.

[0076] Adjust the hydraulically adjustable auxiliary bracket 10 to lightly support the hollow shaft 7 reference B, adjust the external hydraulic power source 31 to accurately control the hydraulic oil pressure and flow direction to relieve pressure, loosen the pressure-controlled tensioning and positioning device 3, observe the change in the pressure gauge, and confirm that the pressure is reduced to the pressure value F, F is the pressure relief pressure value of the pressure-controlled tensioning device, loosen the clamping device 2 and the angle positioning device 4, and cooperate with the crane to unload the hollow shaft 7.

[0077] Improved processing flow chart. Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments can still be modified, or some or all of the technical features can be replaced by equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solution from the scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A locomotive driving hollow shaft cross gear processing device, characterized in that: include: A pressure-controlled tensioning positioning device (3) and an angle positioning device (4) are arranged on the connecting plate (1) in sequence from top to bottom. The pressure-controlled tensioning and positioning device (3) is inserted into the rear end of the hollow shaft (7), the pressure-controlled tensioning and positioning device (3) is connected to a hydraulic power source (31), the end of the internal oil passage of the pressure-controlled tensioning and positioning device (3) is connected to a pressure gauge (38), and the pressure gauge (38) feeds back a pressure value and controls the pressure value through the hydraulic power source (31); The pressure-controlled tensioning positioning device (3) comprises a positioning device body (32) fixed on the connecting plate (1); the outer side of the positioning device body (32) is connected to a sealing cylinder body (33) and a guide positioning cover (34) in sequence; an elastic thin-walled slotted sleeve (35) is provided on the outer side wall of the sealing cylinder body (33); an oil passage is provided inside the positioning device body (32); the end of the oil passage is connected to a pressure gauge (38); the oil passage is connected to a hydraulic power source (31) via a hydraulic joint (36); an O-ring (37) is provided on the outer side of each of the positioning device body (32) and the sealing cylinder body (33); The oil passage, the sealing cylinder body (33) and the O-ring (37) form a closed hydraulic oil chamber, the local inner cylindrical surface of the sealing cylinder body (33) and the outer cylindrical surface of the positioning device body (32) are transitionally matched to form an annular sealing chamber within the annular range of the two O-rings (37), and the center of the outer cylindrical surface of the positioning device body (32) is highly concentric with the center of the inner and outer cylindrical surfaces of the sealing cylinder body (33); The angle positioning device (4) is connected to the three-ear end (71) on the outer side of the rear end of the hollow shaft (7), and the angle positioning device (4) is used to perform angle positioning on the cross gear; The angle positioning device (4) comprises an angle positioning body (41) fixed on the connecting plate (1), the angle positioning body (41) being provided with a dovetail groove, an angle positioning block (43) being provided in the dovetail groove, the angle positioning body (41) being connected to the angle positioning block (43) via a positioning fastening screw (42), the angle positioning block (43) being connected to an angle positioning adjustment screw (44), the outer side of the angle positioning block (43) being a cylindrical surface, the angle positioning adjustment screw (44) being a ball head screw, the angle positioning block (43) and the angle positioning adjustment screw (44) being provided in a hole in the three-ear end (71), the cylindrical surface of the angle positioning block (43) and the ball head surface of the angle positioning adjustment screw (44) being adapted to the inner side surface of the hole in the three-ear end (71); The outer side of the connecting plate (1) is connected to the CNC indexing turntable (6), and the outer side of the CNC indexing turntable (6) is connected to the chassis (8). The chassis (8) and the guide rail (13) are arranged on the workbench (9), and the guide rail (13) is provided with a hydraulically adjustable auxiliary bracket (10) and a thrust bearing center frame (5). The upper ends of the hydraulically adjustable auxiliary bracket (10) and the thrust bearing center frame (5) are in contact with the outer shaft body of the hollow shaft (7), the axis of the hollow shaft (7) is a horizontal axis, and the top of the hollow shaft (7) is in contact with a milling cutter (11), and the milling cutter (11) is connected to the machine tool spindle (12).

2. The locomotive driving hollow shaft cross gear processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The milling cutter (11) is a disc-shaped multi-tooth forming milling cutter, and the machine tool spindle (12) is a vertical gantry machine tool spindle.

3. The locomotive driving hollow shaft cross gear processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a clamping device (2) arranged above the pressure-controlled tensioning positioning device (3), the clamping device (2) including a clamping support block (21) fixed on the connecting plate (1), the clamping support block (21) being connected to the pressing plate (24) via a clamping bolt (22) and a clamping nut (23), a gap being provided between the clamping support block (21) and the pressing plate (24) for clamping the three-ear end (71) on the outer side of the rear end of the hollow shaft (7), and a tightening bolt (25) being provided between the clamping support block (21) and the pressing plate (24).

4. The locomotive driving hollow shaft cross gear processing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thrust bearing center frame (5) comprises a center frame lower frame body (51), the lower end of the center frame lower frame body (51) is fixed to the workbench (9) by a bracket fastening bolt pressure plate (52), the upper end of the center frame lower frame body (51) is provided with an arc-shaped lower thrust bearing (53), the upper end of the center frame lower frame body (51) is provided with a center frame upper frame body (54), the lower end of the center frame upper frame body (54) is provided with an arc-shaped upper thrust bearing (55), the arc of the lower thrust bearing (53) and the upper thrust bearing (55) is consistent with the hollow shaft (7 ) arc, one end of the upper thrust bearing (55) is connected to the connecting pin (56), the connecting pin (56) is connected to the hinge bolt (57) below, the other end of the hinge bolt (57) is connected to the lower frame body (51) of the center frame, the other end of the upper thrust bearing (55) is connected to the center frame connecting bolt (58), the part of the center frame connecting bolt (58) protruding from the center frame upper frame body (54) is connected to the clamping nut (59), and the lower end of the center frame connecting bolt (58) is fixed in the lower frame body (51) of the center frame.

5. A method for machining a cross tooth of a locomotive driving hollow shaft, implemented based on the device of claim 4, characterized in that: The steps include: Install the pressure-controlled tensioning positioning device (3) onto the connecting plate (1), align the cylindrical surface of the outer surface of the positioning device body (32), ensure that the center line of the positioning device body (32) is consistent with the center line of the numerical control indexing rotary table (6), and connect and clamp the positioning device body (32) to the numerical control indexing rotary table (6) through the positioning cylinder thereon; Install the thrust bearing center frame (5) onto the guide rail (13) so that the center line of the thrust bearing center frame (5) is consistent with the center line of the CNC indexing rotary table (6), and open the center frame upper frame body (54); The large inner diameter at the rear end of the hollow shaft (7) is used as reference A, and the small inner diameter at the front end of the hollow shaft (7) is used as reference B; The hollow shaft (7) is hoisted onto the thrust bearing center frame (5) and the hydraulically adjustable auxiliary support (10), so that the hydraulically adjustable auxiliary support (10) is located below the reference A and the thrust bearing center frame (5) is located below the reference B; Install a micrometer pressure gauge on the machine tool spindle (12) and ensure that the center line of the hollow shaft (7) is consistent with the center line of the CNC indexing rotary table (6) by aligning the heights of the datum A and the datum B; Push the hollow shaft (7) into the guide positioning cover (34) so ​​that the inner hole of reference A is installed in place, and lower the hydraulically adjustable auxiliary bracket (10); A hole in one of the ears of the three ears (71) at the rear of the hollow shaft (7) is sleeved outside the angle positioning block (43) and the angle positioning adjustment screw (44), and the angle positioning adjustment screw (44) is adjusted to perform pre-positioning; Actuating the hydraulic power source (31) to control the pressure and flow direction of the hydraulic oil so that the pressure-controlled tensioning and positioning device (3) can complete the positioning and clamping of the inner hole of the reference A; Adjust the angle positioning adjustment screw (44) to position the hollow shaft (7) at an angle; A clamping device (2) is used to clamp another ear of the three ear ends (71) at the rear of the hollow shaft (7); Closing the center frame upper frame body (54) so ​​that the thrust bearing center frame (5) clamps the hollow shaft (7); A milling cutter (11) is used to perform rough milling and fine milling on the cross tooth end of the hollow shaft (7) to mill out four teeth in the horizontal direction; Loosen the center frame upper frame body (54), rotate the CNC indexing rotary table (6) 90 degrees, close the center frame upper frame body (54), use a milling cutter (11) to perform rough milling and fine milling on the cross tooth end of the hollow shaft (7) in sequence, and mill out another four teeth to form a cross tooth with the four teeth in the horizontal direction; Open the upper frame (54) of the center frame, move the hydraulic adjustable auxiliary support (10) so that the hydraulic adjustable auxiliary support (10) supports the lower side of the reference B, adjust the hydraulic power source (31) to release the pressure and flow direction of the hydraulic oil, release the pressure control tension positioning device (3), release the clamping device (2) and the angle positioning device (4), and remove the hollow shaft (7).

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