Modified expandable polystyrene particles, preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a modified expandable polystyrene particle, a preparation method and an application thereof, and relates to the technical field of polyurethane. The modified expandable polystyrene particle is used as a raw material to prepare a high-elasticity, low-density, temperature-controllable polyurethane foam. In the process of preparing the polyurethane foam, by adjusting the raw material components and proportions of the reaction two-component material, and adding expandable polystyrene particles and phase change composite materials at the same time, heat can be absorbed and the temperature generated by the reaction can be controlled, thereby avoiding the generation of high temperature. While foaming, the expandable polystyrene particles are combined with polyurethane through chemical bonds to ensure that the interface is free of defects, and a low-density, high-elasticity polyurethane foam is obtained. The preparation method of the present invention is simple, the source of raw materials is reliable, and it is suitable for direct production and use by existing polyurethane stock solution production enterprises, and the process is easy to control, and it is suitable for large-scale promotion and use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of polyurethane, and in particular to modified expandable polystyrene particles, a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Polyurethane is a multifunctional and versatile synthetic polymer material, usually prepared by the reaction of oligomer polyols, polyisocyanates and chain extenders / cross-linkers.

[0003] Polyurethane foam has good thermal insulation performance, with a thermal conductivity of about 0.020, which is better than polystyrene board and is currently a good building insulation material. It has good waterproof performance, the foam holes are closed, with a closure rate of 95%, and rainwater will not penetrate through the holes. Due to on-site spraying, an overall waterproof layer is formed without joints, which is beyond the reach of any polymer roll material, reducing the maintenance workload. It has good bonding performance and can be very firmly bonded to materials such as wood, metal, masonry, glass, etc., and is not afraid of being blown away by strong winds. It has good aging resistance. According to the summary of foreign projects and research tests, the aging resistance period can reach 30 years.

[0004] Polyurethane foam plastics also have some disadvantages. For example, when using more water as a foaming agent or foaming in large volumes, a large amount of heat will be generated during the reaction process, causing the reaction temperature to rise. Sometimes when the temperature of the reaction center reaches the highest, the foam will carbonize, commonly known as "heartburn". What is more serious is that the high temperature generated by the reaction causes the foam to spontaneously combust, which is prone to dangerous accidents such as fire. At the same time, the product is prone to shrinkage, and the dimensional stability, modulus and bearing capacity of the product are reduced. In particular, microbubbles formed by using more water, although the density is reduced, are prone to form hard segments, affecting the elasticity of the polyurethane foam. Technicians have tried to improve the elasticity by controlling the content of carbamate groups in polyurethane, but the effect is minimal. Especially for polyurethanes with a large reduction in density, the modulus and bearing capacity will be greatly affected. Summary of the invention

[0005] At present, more water-based foaming agents are used in polyurethane foams. However, more water-based foaming agents are prone to form more hard segments after molding, which affects the load-bearing capacity and elasticity of polyurethane foams, or when foaming in large volumes, it is easy to cause the reaction temperature to exceed the critical foaming temperature of 170°C, and the performance of the product is seriously reduced. To this end, the present invention proposes a modified expandable polystyrene particle, a preparation method and its application. The modified expandable polystyrene particles can be used to prepare polyurethane foams with high elasticity, low density and controllable temperature. The modified expandable polystyrene particles and diisocyanate undergo a cross-linking reaction during foaming, and the modified expandable polystyrene particles are heated and foamed in the polyurethane foam to form a support body, which not only reduces the density of the polyurethane, but also enhances the load-bearing capacity and elasticity of the polyurethane. By adjusting the composition and proportion of the two-component raw materials of the reaction, the added expandable polystyrene particles and phase change materials are endothermic materials that absorb heat to control the temperature generated by the reaction, thereby avoiding the generation of high temperature.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] The invention provides a modified expandable polystyrene particle, which comprises the following raw materials, measured by weight: 70-99 parts of polystyrene resin, 1-30 parts of hydroxymethyl polystyrene resin, 0.5-5.0 parts of graphite and 4-8 parts of pentane.

[0008] A method for preparing the modified expandable polystyrene particles comprises the following steps: mixing polystyrene resin, hydroxymethyl polystyrene resin and graphite according to weight proportions, and performing twin-screw extrusion granulation; mixing the particles with pentane, performing high-pressure impregnation reaction, cooling, washing and drying the particles, and obtaining modified expandable polystyrene particles;

[0009] During the twin-screw extrusion granulation process: the main engine temperature is set at 170~220℃, the die head temperature is 240~300℃, the water tank temperature is controlled at 70~95℃, and the particle size is 0.3~2.5mm;

[0010] The high-pressure impregnation reaction temperature is 115~125℃, the pressure is 0.60~0.85 Mpa, and the impregnation time is 3~6h.

[0011] A polyurethane foaming temperature-controllable composition, consisting of component A and component B, wherein the mass ratio of component A to component B is 1:0.9-1.1;

[0012] The component A comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 30-50 parts of polyether polyol, 35-30 parts of polyester polyol, 0.5-5 parts of catalyst, 0.5-5 parts of surfactant, 1-30 parts of foaming agent, 1-30 parts of flame retardant and 1-50 parts of the modified expandable polystyrene particles or the modified expandable polystyrene particles prepared by the preparation method;

[0013] The B component comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 70 to 90 parts of polyisocyanate and 1 to 50 parts of phase change composite material.

[0014] Furthermore, the catalyst is a mixture of one or more of triethylenediamine, pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, N,N-dimethylbenzylamine, dimethylcyclohexylamine, tris(dimethylaminopropyl)hexahydrotriazine, potassium acetate, potassium oleate, dimethylaminoethoxyethanol, bismorpholine diethyl ether, and dibutyltin dilaurate.

[0015] Furthermore, the surfactant is a mixture of one or more of Tween-80, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, silicone oil 8860, polyoxyethylene laurate, and polyoxyethylene lauryl alcohol ether.

[0016] Furthermore, the flame retardant is a mixture of one or more of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, zinc borate, antimony trioxide, colloidal antimony pentoxide, sodium antimony, tri(2-carbonylethyl)phosphine hydrochloride, tri(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, silicone flame retardant, expandable graphite, and dihydroxy metal oxide.

[0017] Furthermore, the foaming agent is a mixture of one or more of water, PU-88, pentane, and HCFC-141b.

[0018] Furthermore, the phase change composite material includes the following raw materials in parts by mass: 70 to 100 parts of high-density polyethylene, 1 to 10 parts of RT110 paraffin, 5 to 20 parts of erythritol, 8 to 25 parts of graphite powder, 1 to 5 parts of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, 0 to 5 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene and 0.1 to 1 part of antioxidant.

[0019] A method for preparing the polyurethane foaming temperature-controllable composition comprises the following steps:

[0020] Preparation of component A: accurately weigh the raw materials according to the raw material ratio of component A, mix the polyether polyol, polyester polyol, catalyst, surfactant, foaming agent, flame retardant and modified expandable polystyrene particles, and stir for 1 to 2 hours to obtain component A;

[0021] Preparation of phase change composite materials: accurately weighing the raw materials according to the raw material ratio of the phase change composite material, mixing high-density polyethylene, RT110 paraffin, erythritol, graphite powder, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, and antioxidant uniformly, and twin-screw extrusion granulation to obtain a phase change composite material;

[0022] Preparation of component B: 70-90 parts of polyisocyanate and 1-50 parts of phase change composite material are mixed and stirred for 1-1.5 hours to obtain component B.

[0023] The application of the polyurethane foaming temperature controllable composition in the preparation of polyurethane with controllable foaming temperature is as follows: component A and component B are mixed, and high-pressure foaming is performed at a temperature of 60°C, a pressure of 2Mpa, and a time of 3 minutes, and then the mixture is injected into a mold for foaming molding.

[0024] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0025] (1) The prior art reduces the cost of polyurethane foam by increasing foaming and reducing density. However, the bearing capacity of the foamed polyurethane deteriorates, the compression deformation is large, and it is easy to deform under long-term load and difficult to recover. Therefore, it is difficult to have both low density and high elasticity. The present invention effectively solves the defects of poor elasticity and poor bearing capacity of polyurethane after low density by adding reinforcing materials.

[0026] (2) The present invention adds hydroxyl groups to expandable polystyrene, which is easily dispersed in the polyurethane stock solution. In particular, the surface of the modified expandable polystyrene particles is cross-linked with polyisocyanate by hydroxyl groups, and no interface defects are formed due to the foaming of the expandable polystyrene.

[0027] (3) The present invention provides a phase change composite material, which is prepared by mixing high-density polyethylene, RT110 paraffin, erythritol, graphite powder, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, and antioxidant as raw materials, adding them into a twin-screw extruder, and extruding and granulating. The phase change composite material has very high mechanical strength and elastic modulus, and the phase change temperature is between 80°C and 140°C, which can better control the exothermic reaction of polyurethane foam. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a finished product of composite rigid polyurethane foam material;

[0030] Figure 2 This is the electron microscope image of the product in Example 3;

[0031] Figure 3 This is the electron microscope image of the product in Example 4; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing a particular embodiment and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the scope is also specifically disclosed. The intermediate value in any stated value or stated range, and each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope.

[0034] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. Although the present invention describes only preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of a conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0035] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention description without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. Other embodiments derived from the present invention description will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The present invention description and examples are exemplary only.

[0036] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0037] The parts of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, are all calculated by mass.

[0038] The embodiment of the present invention provides a modified expandable polystyrene particle, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 70-99 parts of polystyrene resin, 1-30 parts of hydroxymethyl polystyrene resin, 0.5-5.0 parts of graphite and 4-8 parts of pentane.

[0039] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing modified expandable polystyrene particles, comprising the following steps: mixing polystyrene resin, hydroxymethyl polystyrene resin and graphite according to weight proportions, and performing twin-screw extrusion granulation; mixing the particles with pentane, performing high-pressure impregnation reaction, cooling, washing and drying the particles, and obtaining modified expandable polystyrene particles with a particle size range of 0.3 to 0.8 mm;

[0040] During the twin-screw extrusion granulation process: the main engine temperature is set at 170~220℃, the die head temperature is 240~300℃, the water tank temperature is controlled at 70~95℃, and the particle size is 0.3~2.5mm;

[0041] The high-pressure impregnation reaction temperature is 115~125℃, the pressure is 0.60~0.85 Mpa, and the impregnation time is 3~6h.

[0042] The embodiment of the present invention provides a polyurethane foaming temperature-controllable composition, which is composed of component A and component B, and the mass ratio of component A to component B is 1:0.9-1.1;

[0043] The component A comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 30-50 parts of polyether polyol, 35-30 parts of polyester polyol, 0.5-5 parts of catalyst, 0.5-5 parts of surfactant, 1-30 parts of foaming agent, 1-30 parts of flame retardant and 1-50 parts of the modified expandable polystyrene particles or the modified expandable polystyrene particles prepared by the preparation method;

[0044] The B component comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 70 to 90 parts of polyisocyanate and 1 to 50 parts of phase change composite material.

[0045] In the embodiment of the present invention, the polyester polyol is PS-3152 purchased from Qingdao Ruinuo Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0046] In the embodiments of the present invention, the polyether polyols are INOVOL R4110 and INOVOL R8345 purchased from Zibo Noli Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0047] In the embodiment of the present invention, the polyisocyanate is PM-200 purchased from Wanhua Chemical Group Co., Ltd.

[0048] In an embodiment of the present invention, the catalyst is a mixture of one or more of triethylenediamine, pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, N,N-dimethylbenzylamine, dimethylcyclohexylamine, tris(dimethylaminopropyl)hexahydrotriazine, potassium acetate, potassium oleate, dimethylaminoethoxyethanol, bismorpholine diethyl ether, and dibutyltin dilaurate.

[0049] In an embodiment of the present invention, the surfactant is a mixture of one or more of Tween-80, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, silicone oil 8860, polyoxyethylene laurate, and polyoxyethylene lauryl alcohol ether.

[0050] In an embodiment of the present invention, the flame retardant is a mixture of one or more of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, zinc borate, antimony trioxide, colloidal antimony pentoxide, sodium antimony, tri(2-carbonylethyl)phosphine hydrochloride, tri(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, silicone flame retardant, expandable graphite, and dihydroxy metal oxide.

[0051] In an embodiment of the present invention, the blowing agent is a mixture of one or more of water, PU-88, pentane, and HCFC-141b.

[0052] In an embodiment of the present invention, the phase change composite material includes the following raw materials by weight: 70-100 parts of high-density polyethylene, 1-10 parts of RT110 paraffin, 5-20 parts of erythritol, 8-25 parts of graphite powder, 1-5 parts of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, 0-5 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene and 0.1-1 parts of antioxidant. The preparation method of the phase change composite material is: accurately weigh each raw material according to the number of raw materials, mix them evenly, add them into a twin-screw extruder, and extrude and granulate them.

[0053] In the embodiment of the present invention, high-density polyethylene refers to thermoplastic polyolefin. The particle size of graphite powder is 10-15 μm. The antioxidant is 1076. The molecular weight of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene is 98.056.

[0054] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing a polyurethane foaming temperature-controllable composition, comprising the following steps:

[0055] Preparation of component A: accurately weigh the raw materials according to the raw material ratio of component A, mix the polyether polyol, polyester polyol, catalyst, surfactant, foaming agent, flame retardant and modified expandable polystyrene particles, and stir for 1 to 2 hours to obtain component A;

[0056] Preparation of phase change composite materials: accurately weighing the raw materials according to the raw material ratio of the phase change composite material, mixing high-density polyethylene, RT110 paraffin, erythritol, graphite powder, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, and antioxidant uniformly, and twin-screw extrusion granulation to obtain a phase change composite material;

[0057] Preparation of component B: 70-90 parts of polyisocyanate and 1-50 parts of phase change composite material are mixed and stirred for 1-1.5 hours to obtain component B.

[0058] The application of the polyurethane foaming temperature controllable composition in the preparation of polyurethane with controllable foaming temperature is as follows: component A and component B are mixed, and high-pressure foaming is performed at a temperature of 60°C, a pressure of 2Mpa, and a time of 3 minutes, and then the mixture is injected into a mold for foaming molding.

[0059] For example, in an embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing a polyurethane foam composite material with controllable foaming temperature may be:

[0060] (1) Add 70-99 parts of polystyrene resin, 1-30 parts of hydroxymethyl polystyrene resin, and 0.5-5.0 parts of graphite into a twin-screw extruder, set the main engine temperature at 170-220°C, the die temperature at 240-300°C, the water tank temperature at 70-95°C, and the particle size at 0.3-2.5 mm; add the particles (referring to the particles extruded from the previous twin-screw extruder) into a high-pressure reactor, add 4-8 parts of pentane, control the temperature at 115-125°C, the reactor pressure at 0.60-0.85 MPa, the immersion time at 3-6 hours, cool, wash and dry the particles, and obtain modified expandable polystyrene particles;

[0061] (2) Add 30-50 parts of polyether polyol, 30-35 parts of polyester polyol, 0.5-5 parts of catalyst, 0.5-5 parts of surfactant, 1-30 parts of foaming agent, 1-30 parts of flame retardant and 1-50 parts of modified expandable polystyrene particles into a stirred tank and stir for 1-2 hours to obtain component A;

[0062] (3) 70-100 parts of high-density polyethylene, 1-10 parts of RT110 paraffin, 5-20 parts of erythritol, 8-25 parts of graphite powder, 1-5 parts of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, 0-5 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene and 0.1-1 parts of antioxidant are mixed evenly, added into a twin-screw extruder, extruded and granulated to obtain a phase change composite material;

[0063] (4) Mix 70-90 parts of polyisocyanate and 1-50 parts of phase change composite material, and stir for 1-1.5 hours to obtain component B;

[0064] (5) Add component A to a high-pressure foaming machine, and then add component B to obtain a mixture; increase the temperature of the high-pressure foaming machine to 60° C. and the pressure to 2 MPa, maintain the pressure of the high-pressure foaming machine for 3 minutes, and then inject the mixture into a mold for foaming to obtain a polyurethane foam composite material.

[0065] The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following embodiments.

[0066] Example 1

[0067] Preparation of modified expandable polystyrene particles: According to the mass proportions, 80 parts of polystyrene resin, 15 parts of hydroxymethyl polystyrene resin and 3.0 parts of graphite are added into a twin-screw extruder for extrusion granulation, the main engine temperature is set at 200°C, the die temperature is 280°C, the water tank temperature is controlled at 80°C, and the particle size is 2.0 mm; the particles are added into a high-pressure reactor, 6 parts of pentane are added, the temperature is controlled at 120°C, the reactor pressure is 0.75 MPa, the immersion time is 6 hours, the temperature is cooled, the particles are washed and dried, and modified expandable polystyrene particles are obtained.

[0068] Preparation of phase change composite materials: According to the weight proportions, 80 parts of high-density polyethylene (density 0.940 g / CC), 5 parts of RT110 paraffin, 15 parts of erythritol (molecular weight 122.12), 18 parts of graphite powder (10-15 μm), 3 parts of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, 3 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene (molecular weight 98.056) and 0.5 parts of antioxidant (antioxidant 1076) were mixed evenly, added into a twin-screw extruder, and extruded into granules (particle size 0.3-0.8 mm) to obtain a phase change composite material.

[0069] A method for preparing a polyurethane foam composite material with controllable foaming temperature, comprising the following steps:

[0070] (1) Weigh 43 parts of polyether polyol INOVOL R4110, 7 parts of polyether polyol INOVOL R8345, 21 parts of polyester polyol PS-3152, 4 parts of catalyst (pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine), 21 parts of flame retardant (TCPP), 27.5 parts of foaming agent (HCFC-141b), and 3.5 parts of surfactant (Tween-80), add them into a plastic beaker in sequence, mix them evenly in a high-speed mixer, control the main machine speed to 1400 rpm, and mix for 30 seconds to obtain component A.

[0071] (2) Add 10 parts of modified expandable polystyrene particles (EPS) into component A and stir at 1400 rpm for 1 h.

[0072] (3) Add 10 parts of the phase change composite material into 90 parts of isocyanate (PM-200) and stir for 1 hour to obtain component B.

[0073] (4) Component A and component B are mixed and added to a high-temperature foam heated to 60°C, and the pressure is maintained for 3 minutes at a pressure of 2 MPa. Then, the mixture is poured into a mold for foaming and cooled to room temperature.

[0074] Example 2

[0075] The amount of modified expandable polystyrene particles added in Example 1 was replaced with 20 parts, and the other technical indicators and preparation method were the same as those in Example 1 to prepare a polyurethane foam composite material with controllable foaming temperature.

[0076] Example 3

[0077] The amount of modified expandable polystyrene particles added in Example 2 was replaced with 30 parts, and the remaining technical indicators and preparation method were the same as those in Example 1 to prepare a polyurethane foam composite material with controllable foaming temperature. Figure 2 .

[0078] Example 4

[0079] The amount of modified expandable polystyrene particles added in Example 1 was replaced with 40 parts, and the remaining technical indicators and preparation method were the same as those in Example 1 to prepare a polyurethane foam composite material with controllable foaming temperature. Figure 3 .

[0080] Example 5

[0081] The amount of modified expandable polystyrene particles added in Example 1 was replaced with 50 parts, the amount of phase change composite material added was 5 parts, and the other technical indicators and preparation methods were the same as those in Example 1 to prepare a polyurethane foaming temperature-controllable composition.

[0082] Finished products of composite rigid polyurethane foam materials are shown in Figure 1 , wherein 10% refers to the content of modified expandable polystyrene particles (ie, Example 1), 20% refers to modified expandable polystyrene particles (ie, Example 2), 30% refers to modified expandable polystyrene particles (ie, Example 3), and none refers to no modified expandable polystyrene particles being added.

[0083] Performance Testing

[0084] The central foaming temperature, density, compressive strength, thermal conductivity, water absorption and other properties of the polyurethane foam composite materials with controllable foaming temperature prepared in Examples 1 to 5 were tested according to GB / T 29046-2012. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0085] Table 1

[0086]

[0087] According to Table 1, the polyurethane foam composite material with controllable foaming temperature prepared in Examples 1 to 5, as the content of modified expandable polystyrene particles and phase change composite material increases, the central foaming temperature decreases from 155.9°C to 120.4°C, so that the foam carbonization phenomenon caused by the high foaming temperature inside the foam is optimized; when the content is too much, the internal foaming temperature of the polyurethane foam is too low, so that the internal foaming reaction is incomplete, causing negative effects. After comparison, it can be found that the internal foaming temperature of the polyurethane foam composite material with controllable foaming temperature prepared under the conditions of Example 3 is appropriate.

[0088] According to Table 1, the polyurethane foam composite material with controllable foaming temperature prepared in Examples 1 to 5, as the content of the modified expandable polystyrene particles increases and the content of the phase change composite material is fixed, the density and water absorption of the polyurethane foaming temperature controllable composition show a trend of continuous increase, the increase rate of the density increases first and then decreases, and the increase rate of the water absorption rate continues to increase. After comparison, it can be found that the polyurethane foam composite material prepared under the conditions of Example 1 has the best density and water absorption performance.

[0089] According to Table 1, the polyurethane foam composite materials with controllable foaming temperature prepared in Examples 1 to 5 have increasing compressive strength and thermal conductivity as the content of modified expandable polystyrene particles increases. The increase in strength is due to the good foaming of modified expandable polystyrene particles and the addition of phase change composite materials, which increases the mechanical properties of rigid polyurethane. The subsequent decrease in growth rate may be due to the excessive content of modified expandable polystyrene particles and phase change composite materials, which absorb and transfer a large amount of heat to the internal foaming temperature of rigid polyurethane, and cannot make the modified expandable polystyrene particles evenly heated, resulting in insufficient foaming. After comparison, it can be found that the polyurethane foam composite material prepared under the conditions of Example 3 has the best compressive strength and thermal conductivity performance.

[0090] Example 6

[0091] The amount of modified expandable polystyrene particles added in Example 1 was replaced with 10 parts, the amount of phase change material added was 2 parts, and the remaining technical indicators and preparation method were the same as those in Example 1 to prepare a polyurethane foam composite material with controllable foaming temperature.

[0092] Example 7

[0093] The amount of modified expandable polystyrene particles added in Example 1 was replaced with 10 parts, the amount of phase change material added was 6 parts, and the other technical indicators and preparation method were the same as those in Example 1 to prepare a polyurethane foam composite material with controllable foaming temperature.

[0094] Example 8

[0095] The amount of modified expandable polystyrene particles added in Example 1 was replaced with 10 parts, the amount of phase change material added was 10 parts, and the other technical indicators and preparation methods were the same as those in Example 1 to prepare a polyurethane foam composite material with controllable foaming temperature.

[0096] Example 9

[0097] The amount of modified expandable polystyrene particles added in Example 1 was replaced with 10 parts, the amount of phase change material added was 14 parts, and the other technical indicators and preparation method were the same as those in Example 1 to prepare a polyurethane foam composite material with controllable foaming temperature.

[0098] Example 10

[0099] The amount of modified expandable polystyrene particles added in Example 1 was replaced with 10 parts, the amount of phase change material added was 18 parts, and the other technical indicators and preparation method were the same as those in Example 1 to prepare a polyurethane foam composite material with controllable foaming temperature.

[0100] Performance Testing

[0101] The central foaming temperature, density, compressive strength, thermal conductivity, water absorption and other properties of the polyurethane foam composite materials with controllable foaming temperature prepared in Examples 6 to 10 were tested according to GB / T 29046-2012. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0102] Table 2

[0103]

[0104] According to Table 2, the polyurethane foam composite material with controllable foaming temperature prepared in Examples 6 to 10, as the content of the phase change composite material increases, the central foaming temperature decreases from 150.3°C to 96.8°C, so that the foam carbonization phenomenon caused by the high foaming temperature inside the foam is optimized; when the content is too high, the internal foaming temperature of the polyurethane foam is too low, so that the internal foaming reaction is incomplete, causing negative effects. After comparison, it can be found that the internal foaming temperature of the polyurethane foam composite material with controllable foaming temperature prepared under the conditions of Example 8 is appropriate.

[0105] According to Table 2, the polyurethane foam composite material with controllable foaming temperature prepared in Examples 6 to 10, as the content of the phase change composite material increases, the content of the modified expandable polystyrene particles is fixed, the density and water absorption of the polyurethane foaming temperature controllable composition show a trend of continuous increase, and the rate of increase of water absorption continues to increase. After comparison, it can be found that the polyurethane foam composite material prepared under the conditions of Example 6 has the best density and water absorption performance.

[0106] According to Table 2, the polyurethane foam composite materials with controllable foaming temperature prepared in Examples 6 to 10 have increasing compressive strength and thermal conductivity as the content of modified expandable polystyrene particles increases.

[0107] Comparative Example 1

[0108] Same as Example 3, except that no phase change composite material is added.

[0109] Comparative Example 2

[0110] The amount of isocyanate (PM-200) weighed in Example 1 was replaced with 100 parts, and the other technical indicators and preparation method were the same as those in Example 1 to prepare a polyurethane foam composite material with controllable foaming temperature.

[0111] Performance test (test standard is the same as Example 1): The foaming temperature of Comparative Example 1 is 125.6°C, and the density is 0.053 g·cm -3 , compression strength 0.263Mpa, thermal conductivity 0.0254 W·m -1 ·K -1 , water absorption rate 0.0246 g·cm -3 .

[0112] Compared with Example 3, the internal foaming temperature of Comparative Example 1 increased, the density decreased, and the compressive strength, thermal conductivity and water absorption rate were slightly improved.

[0113] The foaming temperature of Comparative Example 2 is 161.6°C and the density is 0.0404 g·cm -3 , compression strength 0.147Mpa, thermal conductivity 0.0222 W·m -1 ·K -1 , water absorption rate 0.0162 g·cm -3 .

[0114] Compared with Example 1, the internal foaming temperature of Comparative Example 1 increased, the density and compression strength increased, and the thermal conductivity and water absorption rate both decreased slightly.

[0115] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a polyurethane foaming temperature-controllable composition, characterized in that: Here are the steps: (1) According to the mass percentage, 43 parts of polyether polyol INOVOL R4110, 7 parts of polyether polyol INOVOLR8345, 21 parts of polyester polyol PS-3152, 4 parts of catalyst, 21 parts of flame retardant TCPP, 27.5 parts of foaming agent HCFC-141b, and 3.5 parts of surfactant Tween-80 were weighed and added into a plastic beaker in sequence, and mixed evenly in a high-speed mixer, the main machine speed was controlled to 1400 rpm, and mixed for 30 seconds, wherein the catalyst was pentamethyldiethylenetriamine and N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine; (2) adding 30 parts by weight of modified expandable polystyrene particles to the mixture of step (1), and stirring at 1400 rpm for 1 hour to obtain component A; (3) Add 10 parts of the phase change composite material to 90 parts of isocyanate PM-200 by weight and stir for 1 hour to obtain component B; The polyurethane foaming temperature-controllable composition consists of component A and component B; The preparation method of the modified expandable polystyrene particles is as follows: according to the mass parts, 80 parts of polystyrene resin, 15 parts of hydroxymethyl polystyrene resin and 3.0 parts of graphite are added into a twin-screw extruder for extrusion granulation, the main engine temperature is set at 200° C., the die temperature is 280° C., the water tank temperature is controlled at 80° C., and the particle size is 2.0 mm; the particles are added into a high-pressure reactor, 6 parts of pentane are added, the temperature is controlled at 120° C., the reactor pressure is 0.75 MPa, the immersion time is 6 hours, the temperature is cooled, the particles are washed and dried, and the modified expandable polystyrene particles are obtained; The preparation method of the phase change composite material is as follows: according to the mass parts, 80 parts of high-density polyethylene with a density of 0.940g / CC, 5 parts of RT110 paraffin, 15 parts of erythritol with a molecular weight of 122.12, 18 parts of 10-15μm graphite powder, 3 parts of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, 3 parts of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene and 0.5 parts of antioxidant 1076 are mixed evenly, added into a twin-screw extruder, extruded and granulated to obtain a phase change composite material with a particle size of 0.3-0.8mm.

2. Use of a polyurethane foaming temperature-controllable composition prepared by the preparation method of claim 1 in preparing polyurethane with controllable foaming temperature, characterized in that: The method is as follows: component A and component B are mixed, and high-pressure foaming is performed at a temperature of 60° C., a pressure of 2 MPa, and a time of 3 minutes, and then the mixture is injected into a mold for foaming molding.

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