Multi-axle bogie and rail vehicle

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application provides a multi-axle bogie and a rail vehicle, wherein the frame of the multi-axle bogie includes: a crossbeam, a side beam, and a center plate beam; wherein a plurality of wheel sets are installed at the bottom of the side beam, and an axle box device is installed on the outer side of each wheel set, and the axle box device is respectively connected to the wheel axle of the wheel set and the bottom of the side beam; a side bearing device is installed at the middle top of the side beam, and the top of the side bearing device is used to contact the vehicle body to reduce the friction force of the relative rotation between the frame and the vehicle body; a center plate device is installed on the center plate beam, and the top of the center plate device is in contact with the vehicle body to adapt to the relative rotation between the vehicle body and the frame. The bogie can adapt to the rotational motion between the vehicle body and the bogie, which is conducive to improving the performance of the vehicle passing through curves, and is suitable for the technical field of bogies for large rail engineering vehicles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of bogies for large-scale rail engineering vehicles, and in particular to a multi-axle bogie and a rail vehicle. Background Art

[0002] A vehicle bogie is an independent running structure that is composed of two or more pairs of wheels on a vehicle connected by a frame and other devices and can rotate relative to the vehicle body, and is equipped with springs and other components. Depending on the gross weight of the vehicle, the vehicle body is supported on two or more bogies. The running gear of a general vehicle is mostly composed of two two-axle bogies, and a few vehicles use three-axle bogies, and a few long and large freight vehicles are composed of four, six or eight bogies. The more axles there are, the greater the load capacity of the vehicle.

[0003] Traditional multi-axle bogies use a combination of an integral frame, wheelsets and axle boxes, which makes it difficult to achieve uniform distribution of axle weights and is not conducive to improving the dynamic performance of the vehicle. The primary suspension device usually uses a combination of an axle box, steel springs and load-bearing saddles, and has a relatively complex structure. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve one of the above-mentioned technical defects, a multi-axle bogie and a rail vehicle are provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0005] A first embodiment of the present application provides a multi-axle bogie, comprising: a frame (10), wherein the frame (10) comprises: a cross beam (101), a side beam (102), and a center plate beam (103); a plurality of wheel pairs (20) are installed at the bottom of the side beam (102), and an axle box device (30) is installed on the outer side of each wheel pair (20), and the axle box device (30) is respectively connected to the wheel axle (201) of the wheel pair (20) and the bottom of the side beam (102); a side bearing device (60) is installed at the middle top of the side beam (102), and the top of the side bearing device (60) is used to contact with the vehicle body to reduce the friction force of the relative rotation between the frame and the vehicle body; a center plate device (70) is installed on the center plate beam (103), and the top of the center plate device (70) is in contact with the vehicle body to accommodate the relative rotation between the vehicle body and the frame.

[0006] A second aspect of the present application provides a rail vehicle, including: the multi-axle bogie as described above.

[0007] The multi-axle bogie provided in the embodiment of the present application has a frame including: a crossbeam, a side beam, and a center beam; wherein a plurality of wheel sets are installed at the bottom of the side beam, and an axle box device is installed on the outer side of each wheel set, and the axle box device is respectively connected to the wheel axle of the wheel set and the bottom of the side beam; a side bearing device is installed at the middle top of the side beam, and the top of the side bearing device is used to contact the vehicle body to reduce the friction force of the relative rotation between the frame and the vehicle body; a center plate device is installed on the center beam, and the top of the center plate device is in contact with the vehicle body to adapt to the relative rotation between the vehicle body and the frame. The bogie can adapt to the rotational motion between the vehicle body and the bogie, which is conducive to improving the performance of the vehicle passing through curves. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0009] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-axle bogie provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0010] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the axle box device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0011] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of an axle box device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0012] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the core disk device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0013] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a side bearing device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0014] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the equalizing beam device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0015] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the framework provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0016] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of a multi-axle bogie provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0017] In the figure:

[0018] 10 is a frame, 101 is a cross beam, 102 is a side beam, 1021 is an inclined wedge mounting seat, 1022 is an axle box guide frame seat, 1023 is an equalizing beam guide frame seat, 1024 is a side bearing mounting seat, 103 is a center plate beam, 104 is a traction beam, 20 is a wheelset, 201 is a wheel axle, 30 is an axle box device, 301 is an axle box body, 302 is a bearing, 303 is a cushion block, 304 is a bearing platform, 305 is a steel spring, 40 is Basic braking device, 50 is a balancing beam device, 501 is a balancing beam, 502 is a slider, 503 is a spring seat, 504 is a mounting hole, 60 is a side bearing device, 601 is a side bearing cover plate, 602 is a side bearing pad, 603 is a side bearing roller, 604 is a bolt, 70 is a center plate device, 701 is a lower center plate, 702 is an upper center plate, 703 is a center pin assembly, 7031 is a flat gasket, and 7032 is a spherical gasket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present application more clearly understood, the exemplary embodiments of the present application are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than an exhaustive list of all the embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0020] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown: the multi-axle bogie provided in the embodiment of the present application, its frame 10 includes: a crossbeam 101, a side beam 102, and a center plate beam 103; wherein, a plurality of wheelsets 20 are installed at the bottom of the side beam 102, and an axle box device 30 is installed on the outer side of each wheelset 20, and the axle box device 30 is respectively connected to the wheel axle 201 of the wheelset 20 and the bottom of the side beam 102; a side bearing device 60 is installed at the middle top of the side beam 102, and the top of the side bearing device 60 is used to contact with the vehicle body to reduce the friction force of the relative rotation between the frame and the vehicle body; a center plate device 70 is installed on the center plate beam 103, and the top of the center plate device 70 is in contact with the vehicle body to adapt to the relative rotation between the vehicle body and the frame 10. The bogie can adapt to the rotational motion between the vehicle body and the bogie, which is conducive to improving the performance of the vehicle passing through curves.

[0022] Specifically, a basic braking device 40 is provided on the side beam for braking the wheels; the basic braking device 40 is hung on the side beam through a brake hanger.

[0023] The basic brake device 40 adopts a hanging structure well known in the railway industry, for example, it is hung on the side beam through a brake hanger. The present application adopts a relatively advanced basic brake device 40, an equalizing beam device 50 and an axle box device 30, and is equipped with a center plate device 70 and a side bearing device 60, which can improve the dynamic performance and curve passability of the whole vehicle and increase the running speed of the whole vehicle.

[0024] Specifically, there are two cross beams 101, which are arranged on both sides of the center beam 103 respectively; there are four wheelsets, which are arranged at intervals below the side beams; and the cross beam 101 and the center beam 103 are both located between two adjacent wheelsets.

[0025] More specifically, the wheelset of the present application is formed by press-fitting axles and wheels that meet relevant standards, with a wheel diameter of 600mm to 840mm and an axle weight of ≤25t. Rigid roller side bearings are used to reduce the friction force of relative rotation between the frame and the vehicle body.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the multi-axle bogie provided in the embodiment of the present application also includes a traction beam 104; the traction beam 104 is connected between the two side beams 102 and is located at one end of the side beam 102; the number of wheel pairs is four, which are arranged at intervals below the side beams; the cross beam 101 and the center plate beam 103 are both located between two adjacent wheel pairs; the width of the traction beam 104 is greater than that of the center plate beam 103, and is covered above the wheel pair located at the end.

[0027] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the axle box device 30 adopts a guide frame type steel spring positioning structure. The axle box device 30 is a movable joint connecting the frame 10 and the wheelset 20, ensuring the rotational movement of the wheelset 20 and allowing the wheelset 20 to have appropriate lateral and longitudinal displacements relative to the frame 10. The axle box device 30 includes an axle box body 301 and a bearing 302. The axle box body 301 is provided with a receiving space. The bearing 302 is located in the receiving space and is sleeved on the wheel axle 201 of the wheelset 20. The bearing 302 is clamped with the top wall of the axle box body 301. There is a gap between the bottom wall of the axle box body and the bearing 302. A cushion block 303 is provided between the bottom wall of the axle box body 301 and the bearing 302. Steel springs 305 are respectively installed on the bearing platforms 304 on both sides of the axle box body 301. The bottom of the steel spring 305 is connected to the bearing platform 304, and the top of the steel spring 305 is connected to the bottom of the side beam 102.

[0028] The cushion block 303 is arranged between the bottom wall of the axle box 301 and the bearing 302, and is used to prevent the bearing 302 from falling out of the axle box 301 and being damaged when the bogie is lifted. Under normal circumstances, the gravity of the axle box 301 or the continuous application of the vehicle body load to the steel spring 305 causes the steel spring 305 and the axle box 301 to have a tendency to move downward, while the position of the bearing 302 remains unchanged, so the bearing 302 abuts against the top of the axle box 301; under special circumstances, when the road surface is undulating or the vehicle body vibrates greatly, the steel spring 305, the axle box 301, and the cushion block 303 move upward, and the cushion block 303 supports the bearing 302 to play a protective role; the frame 10 can be provided with a through hole at the bottom opposite to the axle box 301, which can be used for lifting the axle box device 30.

[0029] Specifically, the pad 303 can be a rubber pad or an iron pad. In the early stage, the rubber pad can be considered. In the later stage, the rubber pad may be aged and deformed after being used for a long time, resulting in the bearing being too low. In this case, it can be replaced with an iron pad. The axle box structure can be open, the bearing itself is self-sealing and waterproof, and water entering the inner hole of the axle box can be naturally discharged.

[0030] like Figure 4 As shown: the center plate device 70 includes: a lower center plate 701, an upper center plate 702, a center plate pad and a center pin assembly 703; the top of the lower center plate 701 is a hemispherical concave surface, the bottom of the lower center plate 701 is connected to the center plate beam 103, the bottom of the upper center plate 702 is located in the hemispherical concave surface of the top of the lower center plate 701, the top of the upper center plate 702 is connected to the vehicle body, the center plate pad is located between the top of the lower center plate 701 and the bottom of the upper center plate 702, and the upper center plate 702, the center plate pad and the lower center plate 701 are respectively connected by the center pin assembly 703.

[0031] In this embodiment, the center pin assembly 703 may be composed of a center pin, a washer, a locking nut and a split pin. The center pin passes through the upper center plate from top to bottom and extends from the bottom of the lower center plate. The extension is connected to the locking nut. The extension end is provided with a split pin for preventing the locking nut from falling off. The washer is located between the bottom of the lower center plate and the locking nut. The center pin assembly in this embodiment can be used to prevent the center plate from falling off and also has the function of lifting the bogie. Furthermore, if the bogie needs to rotate at an angle during lifting, the washer can be replaced with a thrust bearing.

[0032] More specifically, the core disk pad includes: a plane pad 7031 and a spherical pad 7032. The spherical pad 7032 covers the concave surface of the top hemispherical surface of the lower core disk 701, and the plane pad 7031 is located on the spherical pad 7032. This embodiment combines the plane pad 7031 and the spherical pad 7032 to adapt to the angular offset between the core disks.

[0033] like Figure 5As shown, the side bearing device 60 comprises: a side bearing cover plate 601, a side bearing pad plate 602, a side bearing roller 603 and a bolt 604. The bottom of the side bearing pad plate 602 is connected to the top of the side beam 102. A slide groove is provided on the top of the side bearing pad plate 602. Both ends of the side bearing cover plate 601 are fixed to the side bearing pad plate 602 by bolts 604. The side bearing cover plate 601 is provided with an opening corresponding to the side bearing roller 603, and the opening width is smaller than the diameter of the side bearing roller. The side bearing roller 603 is arranged in the slide groove, and the top of the side bearing roller 603 is exposed from the top opening of the side bearing cover plate 601. This embodiment helps the bogie to pass the curve.

[0034] More specifically, the side bearing rollers 603 can be cylindrical and can be set to three. The side bearing rollers 603 at both ends take the center point of the center plate beam 103 as the origin, and the angle in the axial direction is 5°, so as to facilitate the smooth rotation of the vehicle body along the center of the center plate.

[0035] like Figure 6 As shown, the balancing beam device 50 is arranged below the middle of the side beam and connected between two adjacent axle boxes; the balancing beam device 50 includes: a balancing beam 501, a slider 502, two spring seats 503 and two pins; the slider 502 is arranged on the top of the balancing beam 501, and the top of the slider 502 is a hemispherical convex surface; a slide groove seat is arranged at the bottom of the side beam 102, and the bottom of the slide groove seat is a hemispherical concave surface matching the top of the slider 502; mounting holes 504 are respectively arranged at both ends of the balancing beam 501; the tops of the two spring seats 503 are respectively installed in the mounting holes 504 through two pins, and the bottoms of the two spring seats 503 are respectively connected to the steel springs 305. In this embodiment, since the bogie is supported by multiple axles, the balancing beam device 50 is arranged in the middle of the bogie and is located between the frame 10 and the axle box device 30. The balancing beam device 50 and the bogie frame 10 are supported in a hemispherical suspension manner. Therefore, the load on the bogie can be evenly transferred to each axle, thereby fully utilizing the carrying capacity of each axle.

[0036] like Figure 7As shown, the bottom of the side beam 102 is provided with an inclined wedge mounting seat 1021, an axle box guide frame seat 1022, and an equalizing beam guide frame seat 1023, and the side beam 102 is provided with a side bearing mounting seat 1024. Furthermore, the frame 10 of the present application can be formed by integral welding and can be a ladder-type structure. The side beams 102, the cross beams 101, etc. are all variable-section box-type structures, mainly composed of upper and lower cover plates and webs. The upper and lower cover plates are spliced ​​by steel plates of different thicknesses. The cross beam 101 and the center plate beam 103 are low in the middle and high at both ends, thereby reducing weight while ensuring strength. A basic brake device mounting seat is provided on the cross beam 101; the side beams 102 are provided with an inclined wedge mounting seat 1021, an axle box guide frame seat 1022, an equalizing beam guide frame seat 1023, a side bearing mounting seat 1024, a lifting device, etc. Among them, the inclined wedge mounting seat 1021 is used to install the inclined wedge, the axle box guide frame seat 1022 is used to install the axle box device 30, the equalizing beam guide frame seat 1023 is used to install the equalizing beam device 50, and the side bearing mounting seat 1024 is used to install the side bearing device 60. When lifting the car body, the lifting equipment and the lifting device on the bogie are used in combination to keep the bogie in an appropriate position to lift the entire car body.

[0037] like Figure 8 As shown, another multi-axle bogie provided in an embodiment of the present application has a frame comprising: a crossbeam, a side beam, and a center plate beam, a plurality of wheel pairs are installed at the bottom of the side beam, an axle box device is installed on the outer side of each wheel pair, the axle box device is respectively connected to the wheel axle of the wheel pair and the bottom of the side beam, a basic braking device is arranged on the side beam for braking the wheel, an equalizing beam device connected between two adjacent axle boxes is arranged at the lower middle part of the side beam, a side bearing device is installed at the middle top of the side beam, the top of the side bearing device is used to contact with the vehicle body, so as to reduce the friction force of the relative rotation between the frame and the vehicle body; a center plate device is installed on the center plate beam, the top of the center plate device is in contact with the vehicle body, so as to adapt to the relative rotation between the vehicle body and the frame; the present application can adopt this scheme as a substitute, and the traction beam structure is removed relative to the frame composition of the original scheme, and other devices are retained. At this time, the bogie can be used for towed vehicles.

[0038] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "middle", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0039] In addition, in the description of the present application, “plurality” means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0040] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "set", "located" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or can communicate with each other; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0041] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present application.

[0042] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A multi-axle bogie, characterized in that: include: A frame (10), the frame (10) comprising: a cross beam (101), a side beam (102), and a center plate beam (103); a plurality of wheel pairs (20) are mounted at the bottom of the side beam (102); an axle box device (30) is mounted on the outer side of each wheel pair (20); the axle box device (30) is respectively connected to the wheel axle (201) of the wheel pair (20) and the bottom of the side beam (102); a side bearing device (60) is mounted at the middle top of the side beam (102); the top of the side bearing device (60) is used to contact with a vehicle body to reduce the friction force of relative rotation between the frame and the vehicle body; a center plate device (70) is mounted on the center plate beam (103); the top of the center plate device (70) is in contact with the vehicle body to accommodate the relative rotation between the vehicle body and the frame; The axle box device (30) comprises: an axle box body (301) and a bearing (302); a containing space is provided in the axle box body (301); the bearing (302) is located in the containing space and is sleeved on the wheel axle (201) of the wheelset (20); the bearing (302) is engaged with the top wall in the axle box body (301); a cushion block (303) is provided between the bottom wall in the axle box body (301) and the bearing (302); a certain gap is reserved between the bearing (302) and the cushion block (303); a support platform (304) is respectively extended longitudinally from both sides of the bottom of the axle box body (301); a steel spring (305) is installed on the support platform (304); the bottom of the steel spring (305) is connected to the support platform (304), and the top of the steel spring (305) is connected to the bottom of the side beam (102); The center plate device (70) comprises: a lower center plate (701), an upper center plate (702), a center plate pad and a center pin assembly (703); the top of the lower center plate (701) is a hemispherical concave surface, the bottom of the lower center plate (701) is connected to the center plate beam (103), the bottom of the upper center plate (702) is located in the hemispherical concave surface of the top of the lower center plate (701), the top of the upper center plate (702) is connected to the vehicle body, the center plate pad is located between the top of the lower center plate (701) and the bottom of the upper center plate (702), and the upper center plate (702), the center plate pad and the lower center plate (701) are respectively connected via the center pin assembly (703); The core disk gasket comprises: a plane gasket (7031) and a spherical gasket (7032), wherein the spherical gasket (7032) covers the top hemispherical concave surface of the lower core disk (701), and the plane gasket (7031) is located on the spherical gasket (7032).

2. The multi-axle bogie according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side bearing device (60) comprises: a side bearing cover plate (601), a side bearing pad plate (602), a side bearing roller (603) and a bolt (604); the bottom of the side bearing pad plate (602) is connected to the top of the side beam (102); a sliding groove is provided on the top of the side bearing pad plate (602); and both ends of the side bearing cover plate (601) are fixed to the side bearing pad plate (602) by bolts (604); The side bearing cover plate (601) is provided with an opening corresponding to the side bearing roller (603), and the width of the opening is smaller than the diameter of the side bearing roller; The side bearing roller (603) is arranged in the slide groove, and the top of the side bearing roller (603) is exposed from the top opening of the side bearing cover plate (601).

3. The multi-axle bogie according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: An equalizing beam device (50) is arranged below the middle of the side beam and connected between two adjacent axle boxes; The balancing beam device (50) comprises: a balancing beam (501), a slider (502), two spring seats (503) and two pins; The slider (502) is arranged on the top of the balancing beam (501), and the top of the slider (502) is a hemispherical convex surface; a slide groove seat is arranged at the bottom of the side beam (102), and the bottom of the slide groove seat is a hemispherical concave surface matching the top of the slider (502); Both ends of the balancing beam (501) are respectively provided with mounting holes (504); the tops of the two spring seats (503) are respectively mounted in the mounting holes (504) through the two pin shafts, and the bottoms of the two spring seats (503) are respectively connected to the steel springs (305).

4. The multi-axle bogie according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: A basic braking device (40) is provided on the side beam for braking the wheels; The basic brake device (40) is hung on the side beam via a brake hanger.

5. The multi-axle bogie according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two cross beams (101), which are arranged on both sides of the center beam (103) respectively; There are four wheel pairs, which are arranged at intervals below the side beams; the cross beam (101) and the center plate beam (103) are both located between two adjacent wheel pairs.

6. The multi-axle bogie according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Traction beam (104); The traction beam (104) is connected between the two side beams (102) and is located at one end of the side beam (102); There are four wheelsets, which are arranged at intervals below the side beams; the cross beam (101) and the center beam (103) are both located between two adjacent wheelsets; the traction beam (104) is wider than the center beam (103) and is covered above the wheelsets located at the ends.

7. A rail vehicle, characterized in that: include: A multi-axle bogie as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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