Method, device, computer equipment and storage medium for determining well spacing

Abstract

The present application provides a method, device, computer equipment and storage medium for determining the spacing between wells, and belongs to the field of geological engineering technology. The method includes: performing three-dimensional grid division on the first geological structural surface and the second geological structural surface to obtain a geological grid; for each grid unit, performing equivalent crack processing on the grid unit based on the mechanical parameters of the grid unit to obtain the stiffness parameters of the grid unit; determining the ground stress parameters of the grid unit based on the stiffness parameters and pore pressure parameters of the grid unit; determining the hydraulic fracture length, expansion fracture length and shear fracture length of the grid unit during fracturing based on the mechanical parameters, fracture parameters, ground stress parameters, fracturing parameters and pore pressure parameters of the grid unit; determining the well spacing corresponding to the grid unit based on the hydraulic fracture length, expansion fracture length and shear fracture length of the grid unit during fracturing. This method improves the accuracy of the determined well spacing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of geological engineering technology, and in particular to a method, device, computer equipment and storage medium for determining well spacing. Background Art

[0002] In the process of unconventional shale gas extraction, hydraulic fracturing technology is needed to increase artificial fractures in the shale gas reservoir, provide sufficient fracture channels for the free flow of gas in the reservoir, and thus improve the exploitability of the reservoir. Before fracturing, for multiple horizontal wells in the well area where the reservoir is located, it is necessary to set a reasonable well spacing so that the horizontal wells are interconnected after fracturing, increase the fluidity of oil and gas, and improve the extraction efficiency.

[0003] In the related art, for multiple horizontal wells in the same well area, a unified well spacing is generally set based on the overall geological conditions of the well area, without considering the impact of geological characteristics, geomechanical characteristics and fracturing construction conditions of different areas in the well area on the well spacing; the well spacing determined in this way causes some horizontal wells to have poor connectivity of fracturing effects, mutual interference of fracturing effects, mutual pressure channeling and other phenomena, which seriously interferes with the normal operation of the horizontal wells, thereby reducing the efficiency of oil and gas extraction. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a method, device, computer equipment and storage medium for determining the well spacing, which can improve the accuracy of the well spacing. The technical solution is as follows:

[0005] In one aspect, a method for determining a well spacing is provided, the method comprising:

[0006] Performing three-dimensional grid division on the first geological structural surface and the second geological structural surface to obtain a geological grid, wherein the first geological structural surface is the geological structural surface of the target reservoir to be studied, the second geological structural surface is the geological structural surface of the extended area of ​​the target reservoir, and the geological grid includes a plurality of grid units;

[0007] Obtaining mechanical parameters, pore pressure parameters and crack parameters of the plurality of grid cells;

[0008] For each mesh unit, based on the mechanical parameters of the mesh unit, a crack equivalent treatment is performed on the mesh unit to obtain a stiffness parameter of the mesh unit;

[0009] Determining a geostress parameter of the grid cell based on a stiffness parameter and a pore pressure parameter of the grid cell;

[0010] Determining the hydraulic fracture length, expansion fracture length and shear fracture length of the grid unit during fracturing based on the mechanical parameters, fracture parameters, geostress parameters, fracturing parameters and pore pressure parameters of the grid unit;

[0011] The well spacing corresponding to the grid unit is determined based on the hydraulic fracture length, expansion fracture length and shear fracture length during fracturing of the grid unit.

[0012] In a possible implementation, determining the geostress parameter of the grid unit based on the stiffness parameter and the pore pressure parameter of the grid unit includes:

[0013] Determining a stiffness matrix of the grid unit based on a stiffness parameter of the grid unit;

[0014] Based on the stiffness matrix of the grid unit, first relationship data is generated, wherein the first relationship data is relationship data with the stiffness matrix as a parameter, the ground stress parameter as a dependent variable, and the strain parameter, the gravity parameter, and the pore pressure parameter as independent variables;

[0015] Obtaining strain parameters and gravity parameters of the grid cells;

[0016] Based on the strain parameter, gravity parameter and pore pressure parameter of the grid unit, the ground stress parameter is obtained through the first relationship data.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the grid unit is one of a first grid unit, a second grid unit, a third grid unit, a fourth grid unit, and a fifth grid unit, the first grid unit is a grid unit in the target reservoir through which the evaluation well passes, the second grid unit is a grid unit in the target reservoir through which the evaluation well does not pass, the third grid unit is a grid unit in a side area of ​​the expansion area, the fourth grid unit is a grid unit in an overlying area of ​​the expansion area, and the fifth grid unit is a grid unit in an underlying area of ​​the expansion area; the process of obtaining the mechanical parameters of the grid unit includes:

[0018] If the grid unit is the first grid unit, the mechanical parameters measured by the evaluation well on the target reservoir are obtained, and the mechanical parameters measured by the evaluation well are determined as the mechanical parameters of the first grid unit; or,

[0019] If the grid unit is a second grid unit, obtaining the seismic attribute parameters of the second grid unit; determining the mechanical parameters of the second grid unit based on the mechanical parameters of the first grid unit and the seismic attribute parameters of the second grid unit; or,

[0020] If the grid unit is a third grid unit, interpolation processing is performed on the third grid unit based on the mechanical parameters of the first grid unit and the mechanical parameters of the second grid unit to obtain the mechanical parameters of the third grid unit;

[0021] If the grid unit is the fourth grid unit or the fifth grid unit, the preset mechanical parameters are determined as the mechanical parameters of the fourth grid unit or the mechanical parameters of the fifth grid unit.

[0022] In a possible implementation, determining the mechanical parameters of the second grid unit based on the mechanical parameters of the first grid unit and the seismic attribute parameters of the second grid unit includes:

[0023] Based on the mechanical parameters of the first grid unit, interpolation processing is performed on the second grid unit to obtain the logging mechanical parameters of the second grid unit;

[0024] Based on the seismic attribute parameters, the logging mechanical parameters are constrained to obtain the mechanical parameters of the second grid unit.

[0025] In a possible implementation, the determining of the hydraulic fracture length, expansion fracture length, and shear fracture length of the grid unit during fracturing based on the mechanical parameters, fracture parameters, geostress parameters, fracturing parameters, and pore pressure parameters of the grid unit includes:

[0026] Based on the mechanical parameters, crack parameters, geostress parameters and fracturing parameters of the grid unit, determining the hydraulic crack length of the grid unit through second relationship data, wherein the dependent variable of the second relationship data is the hydraulic crack length, and the independent variables are the mechanical parameters, the crack parameters, the geostress parameters and the fracturing parameters;

[0027] Based on the crack parameters, ground stress parameters, fracturing parameters and hydraulic crack length of the grid unit, the pore pressure of the expansion crack is determined through third relationship data, wherein the dependent variable of the third relationship data is the pore pressure of the expansion crack, and the independent variables are the crack parameters, the ground stress parameters, the fracturing parameters and the hydraulic crack length;

[0028] Determining the length of the expansion crack based on the difference between the pore pressure of the expansion crack and the pore pressure parameter;

[0029] Based on the length of the expansion crack, the pore pressure of the expansion crack and the pore pressure parameter, the pore pressure of the shear crack is determined through fourth relationship data, wherein the dependent variable of the fourth relationship data is the pore pressure of the shear crack, and the independent variables are the length of the expansion crack, the pore pressure of the expansion crack and the pore pressure parameter;

[0030] The shear fracture length is determined based on the difference between the pore pressure of the shear fracture and the pore pressure parameter.

[0031] In a possible implementation, determining the well spacing corresponding to the grid unit based on the hydraulic fracture length, expansion fracture length, and shear fracture length during fracturing of the grid unit includes:

[0032] The maximum value among the hydraulic fracture length, the expansion fracture length and the shear fracture length is determined as the well spacing of the grid unit.

[0033] In another aspect, a device for determining a well spacing is provided, the device comprising:

[0034] A division module is used to perform three-dimensional grid division on the first geological structure surface and the second geological structure surface to obtain a geological grid, wherein the first geological structure surface is the geological structure surface of the target reservoir to be studied, and the second geological structure surface is the geological structure surface of the extended area of ​​the target reservoir, and the geological grid includes a plurality of grid units;

[0035] An acquisition module, used for acquiring mechanical parameters, pore pressure parameters and crack parameters of the plurality of grid cells;

[0036] A processing module, configured to perform crack equivalent processing on each mesh unit based on the mechanical parameters of the mesh unit to obtain a stiffness parameter of the mesh unit;

[0037] A first determination module, configured to determine a geostress parameter of the grid unit based on a stiffness parameter and a pore pressure parameter of the grid unit;

[0038] A second determination module is used to determine the hydraulic fracture length, expansion fracture length and shear fracture length of the grid unit during fracturing based on the mechanical parameters, fracture parameters, ground stress parameters, fracturing parameters and pore pressure parameters of the grid unit;

[0039] The third determination module is used to determine the well spacing corresponding to the grid unit based on the hydraulic fracture length, expansion fracture length and shear fracture length during fracturing of the grid unit.

[0040] In a possible implementation, the first determining module includes:

[0041] A first determining unit, configured to determine a stiffness matrix of the mesh unit based on a stiffness parameter of the mesh unit;

[0042] A generating unit, configured to generate first relationship data based on the stiffness matrix of the grid unit, wherein the first relationship data is relationship data with the stiffness matrix as a parameter, the ground stress parameter as a dependent variable, and the strain parameter, the gravity parameter, and the pore pressure parameter as independent variables;

[0043] An acquisition unit, used for acquiring strain parameters and gravity parameters of the grid unit;

[0044] The second determination unit is used to obtain the ground stress parameter based on the strain parameter, gravity parameter and pore pressure parameter of the grid unit through the first relationship data.

[0045] In a possible implementation, the grid unit is one of a first grid unit, a second grid unit, a third grid unit, a fourth grid unit and a fifth grid unit, the first grid unit is a grid unit in the target reservoir through which the evaluation well passes, the second grid unit is a grid unit in the target reservoir through which the evaluation well does not pass, the third grid unit is a grid unit in a side area of ​​the expansion area, the fourth grid unit is a grid unit in an overlying area of ​​the expansion area, and the fifth grid unit is a grid unit in an underlying area of ​​the expansion area; the acquisition module includes:

[0046] a third determining unit, configured to, if the grid unit is a first grid unit, obtain mechanical parameters measured by an evaluation well on the target reservoir, and determine the mechanical parameters measured by the evaluation well as the mechanical parameters of the first grid unit; or

[0047] a fourth determining unit, configured to obtain, if the grid unit is a second grid unit, seismic attribute parameters of the second grid unit; and determine mechanical parameters of the second grid unit based on the mechanical parameters of the first grid unit and the seismic attribute parameters of the second grid unit; or

[0048] a fifth determining unit, configured to, if the grid unit is a third grid unit, perform interpolation processing on the third grid unit based on the mechanical parameters of the first grid unit and the mechanical parameters of the second grid unit to obtain the mechanical parameters of the third grid unit;

[0049] A sixth determining unit is configured to determine preset mechanical parameters as mechanical parameters of the fourth grid unit or mechanical parameters of the fifth grid unit if the grid unit is the fourth grid unit or the fifth grid unit.

[0050] In a possible implementation manner, the fourth determining unit is configured to:

[0051] Based on the mechanical parameters of the first grid unit, interpolation processing is performed on the second grid unit to obtain the logging mechanical parameters of the second grid unit;

[0052] Based on the seismic attribute parameters, the logging mechanical parameters are constrained to obtain the mechanical parameters of the second grid unit.

[0053] In a possible implementation manner, the second determining module is configured to:

[0054] Based on the mechanical parameters, crack parameters, geostress parameters and fracturing parameters of the grid unit, determining the hydraulic crack length of the grid unit through second relationship data, wherein the dependent variable of the second relationship data is the hydraulic crack length, and the independent variables are the mechanical parameters, the crack parameters, the geostress parameters and the fracturing parameters;

[0055] Based on the crack parameters, ground stress parameters, fracturing parameters and hydraulic crack length of the grid unit, the pore pressure of the expansion crack is determined through third relationship data, wherein the dependent variable of the third relationship data is the pore pressure of the expansion crack, and the independent variables are the crack parameters, the ground stress parameters, the fracturing parameters and the hydraulic crack length;

[0056] Determining the length of the expansion crack based on the difference between the pore pressure of the expansion crack and the pore pressure parameter;

[0057] Based on the length of the expansion crack, the pore pressure of the expansion crack and the pore pressure parameter, the pore pressure of the shear crack is determined through fourth relationship data, wherein the dependent variable of the fourth relationship data is the pore pressure of the shear crack, and the independent variables are the length of the expansion crack, the pore pressure of the expansion crack and the pore pressure parameter;

[0058] The shear fracture length is determined based on the difference between the pore pressure of the shear fracture and the pore pressure parameter.

[0059] In a possible implementation manner, the third determining module is configured to:

[0060] The maximum value among the hydraulic fracture length, the expansion fracture length and the shear fracture length is determined as the well spacing of the grid unit.

[0061] On the other hand, a computer device is provided, comprising one or more processors and one or more memories, wherein the one or more memories store at least one instruction, and the at least one instruction is loaded and executed by the one or more processors to implement the operations performed by the method for determining the well spacing described in any of the above implementations.

[0062] On the other hand, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein at least one instruction is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and the at least one instruction is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the operations performed by the method for determining the well spacing described in any of the above implementations.

[0063] On the other hand, a computer program product or a computer program is provided, the computer program product or the computer program comprising a computer program code, the computer program code being stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a computer device reads the computer program code from the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer program code, so that the computer device performs the operations performed by the above-mentioned method for determining the well spacing.

[0064] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application include at least:

[0065] An embodiment of the present application provides a method for determining the spacing between wells. The method divides the target reservoir into a plurality of grid units by utilizing the geological structural surface of the target reservoir, and then determines the hydraulic fracture length, expansion fracture length, and shear fracture length of each grid unit based on the mechanical parameters, pore pressure parameters, geostress parameters, fracture parameters, and fracturing parameters of each grid unit, respectively, so that the determined hydraulic fracture length, expansion fracture length, and shear fracture length of each grid unit fully consider the geological characteristics, mechanical characteristics, and fracturing construction conditions of the area where the grid unit is located, thereby making the determined hydraulic fracture length, expansion fracture length, and shear fracture length more accurate; in this way, determining the spacing between wells of the grid unit based on the hydraulic fracture length, expansion fracture length, and shear fracture length can improve the accuracy of the determined spacing between wells. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0066] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0067] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining well spacing provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0068] Figure 2 is a block diagram of a well spacing determination device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0069] Figure 3 It is a block diagram of a computer device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the implementation methods of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0071] The terms "first", "second", "third" and "fourth" etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally includes steps or units that are not listed, or optionally includes other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0072] The present application embodiment provides a method for determining the well spacing, see Figure 1 , methods include:

[0073] Step 101: A computer device divides the first geological structural surface and the second geological structural surface into three-dimensional grids to obtain a geological grid.

[0074] The first geological structural surface is the geological structural surface of the target reservoir to be studied, the second geological structural surface is the geological structural surface of the extended area of ​​the target reservoir, and the geological grid includes multiple grid units. The target reservoir can be an unconventional shale gas reservoir; the extended area of ​​the target reservoir includes the side area, the overlying area and the underlying area of ​​the target reservoir. The side area extends to a length 3-5 times the size of the target area, the overlying area extends to the surface, and the underlying area extends to a depth 3-5 times the depth of the target reservoir.

[0075] It should be noted that the number of grid cells of the geological grid can be set and changed as needed, so that the number of multiple grid cells of the geological grid is sufficient to meet the accuracy requirements, and the number of grid cells is not too large to cause computing pressure on the computer equipment. Among them, the size of the grid cells on the plane is set and changed as needed, and the three-dimensional grid is divided according to the depth of each stratum in the target reservoir in the vertical direction. The computer equipment divides the geological structural surface of the target reservoir and the geological structural surface of the expansion area into three-dimensional grids respectively; the number of grid cells of the target reservoir is 1 million to 5 million, and the number of grid cells of the expansion area is 3 million to 25 million.

[0076] Take a target reservoir as an example. The vertical depth of the reservoir is 1500 meters. The reservoir includes 7 strata vertically. According to the depth of each stratum, stratum 1 is divided into 10 grid units vertically, stratum 2 is divided into 5 grid units vertically, stratum 3 is divided into 3 grid units vertically, stratum 4 is divided into 5 grid units vertically, stratum 5 is divided into 2 grid units vertically, stratum 6 is divided into 3 grid units vertically, and stratum 7 is divided into 5 grid units vertically. The length and width of each grid unit in the plane are both 20 meters, and the total number of grid units of the target reservoir is 1.6 million. In the extended area of ​​the target reservoir, the side area extends 3 times the length of the target area, the overlying area extends to the surface and is divided into 10 grid units, and the underlying area extends downward 10,000 meters and is divided into 10 grid units. The total number of grid units in the extended area is 3.12 million.

[0077] In the embodiment of the present application, by dividing the target reservoir into multiple grid units, the target reservoir is finely divided, and then based on the finely divided multiple grid units, the well spacing of each grid unit is determined respectively, which can improve the accuracy of the determined well spacing. In addition, the geological grid of the target reservoir is expanded outward, which can effectively eliminate the boundary effect and improve the stability of the calculation.

[0078] Step 102: The computer device obtains mechanical parameters, pore pressure parameters and fracture parameters of multiple grid cells.

[0079] Among them, the mechanical parameters include the density of the rock, the Young's modulus of the rock and the Poisson's ratio of the rock; the pore pressure parameter is the pressure of the fluid in the pores of the rock; and the fracture parameters include the orientation and size of the fracture.

[0080] Among them, the pore pressure parameters are obtained by using the well-constrained seismic inversion method to predict the formation pressure. This method obtains the required data such as the normal change rate of the formation wave velocity and the surface velocity from the logging data, and uses the logging constraint inversion to obtain the velocity body of the formation, and then predicts the formation pressure to obtain the pore pressure parameters. This method combines the characteristics of high vertical resolution of well logging and dense planes of seismic data to improve the accuracy of pore pressure parameters. Fracture parameters can be directly obtained from logging data.

[0081] It should be noted that the grid unit is one of the first grid unit, the second grid unit, the third grid unit, the fourth grid unit and the fifth grid unit, the first grid unit is the grid unit passed through by the evaluation well in the target reservoir, the second grid unit is the grid unit not passed through by the evaluation well in the target reservoir, the third grid unit is the grid unit of the side area in the expansion area, the fourth grid unit is the grid unit of the overlying area in the expansion area, and the fifth grid unit is the grid unit of the underlying area in the expansion area, wherein the number of the first grid unit, the second grid unit, the third grid unit, the fourth grid unit and the fifth grid unit are all multiple.

[0082] The process of obtaining the mechanical parameters of the grid unit by the computer device includes the following implementation methods:

[0083] (1) If the grid unit is the first grid unit, the computer device obtains the mechanical parameters measured by the evaluation well on the target reservoir, and determines the mechanical parameters measured by the evaluation well as the mechanical parameters of the first grid unit.

[0084] Among them, since there are many sampling points for collecting mechanical parameters in the evaluation well, that is, a first grid unit includes at least one sampling point, for a first grid unit with only one sampling point, the mechanical parameters of the sampling point are directly assigned to the first grid unit; for a first grid unit including multiple sampling points, a mathematical averaging method is used to assign the average value of multiple sampling points to the first grid unit.

[0085] (2) If the grid unit is a second grid unit, the computer device obtains the seismic attribute parameters of the second grid unit; and determines the mechanical parameters of the second grid unit based on the mechanical parameters of the first grid unit and the seismic attribute parameters of the second grid unit.

[0086] Among them, the seismic attribute parameters are parameters obtained through seismic data, including rock density, rock Young's modulus and rock Poisson's ratio.

[0087] This implementation can be achieved by following the steps A1-A2:

[0088] A1: The computer device performs interpolation processing on the second grid unit based on the mechanical parameters of the first grid unit to obtain the logging mechanical parameters of the second grid unit.

[0089] In an embodiment of the present application, the computer device interpolates the second grid unit using a co-kriging interpolation method.

[0090] A2: The computer equipment performs constraint processing on the logging mechanical parameters based on the seismic attribute parameters to obtain the mechanical parameters of the second grid unit.

[0091] It should be noted that since the logging mechanical parameters are obtained by interpolating the second grid unit, if the logging mechanical parameters are directly assigned to the second grid unit, the mechanical parameters of the second grid unit will be inaccurate. Therefore, the logging mechanical parameters are constrained by the seismic attribute parameters. In this step, the computer device obtains the weights of the logging mechanical parameters and the seismic attribute parameters respectively. If the weight of the logging mechanical parameters is greater than the weight of the seismic attribute parameters, the logging mechanical parameters are used as the mechanical parameters of the second grid unit; if the weight of the seismic attribute parameters is greater than the weight of the logging mechanical parameters, the seismic attribute parameters are used as the mechanical parameters of the second grid unit.

[0092] In the embodiment of the present application, the well logging mechanical parameters obtained by interpolation are constrained by means of seismic attribute parameters, thereby improving the accuracy of determining the mechanical parameters of the second grid unit.

[0093] (3) If the grid unit is a third grid unit, interpolation processing is performed on the third grid unit based on the mechanical parameters of the first grid unit and the mechanical parameters of the second grid unit to obtain the mechanical parameters of the third grid unit.

[0094] It should be noted that since the third grid unit is a grid unit in the expansion area, there is no appraisal well and seismic data in the expansion area, that is, the mechanical parameters cannot be obtained through the appraisal well and seismic data; therefore, it is necessary to interpolate the third grid unit based on the mechanical parameters of the first grid unit and the mechanical parameters of the second grid unit to obtain the mechanical parameters of the third grid unit. Among them, the co-kriging interpolation method can be used for interpolation.

[0095] (4) If the grid unit is the fourth grid unit or the fifth grid unit, the computer device determines the preset mechanical parameters as the mechanical parameters of the fourth grid unit or the mechanical parameters of the fifth grid unit.

[0096] The preset mechanical parameters are preset constants, including the preset density of the rock, the preset Young's modulus of the rock, and the preset Poisson's ratio of the rock. Taking a certain extended area as an example, the preset density of the rock in the fourth grid unit of the overlying area is 2.6 g / cm 3 The preset Young's modulus of the rock is 45 MPa, the preset Poisson's ratio of the rock is 0.25; the preset density of the rock in the fifth grid cell of the underlying area is 2.7 g / cm 3 , the preset Young's modulus of the rock is 50Mpa, and the preset Poisson's ratio of the rock is 0.3.

[0097] Step 103: The computer device performs crack equivalent processing on each grid unit based on the mechanical parameters of the grid unit to obtain the stiffness parameters of the grid unit.

[0098] It should be noted that the rock where each grid unit is located also includes natural cracks and faults, and smaller faults are called cracks. The stiffness parameters of the grid unit include the crack normal stiffness, the complete rock normal stiffness, and the equivalent normal stiffness. Among them, the complete rock normal stiffness is the normal stiffness when the rock does not include cracks, the equivalent normal stiffness is the normal stiffness when the rock includes cracks, and the crack normal stiffness is the normal stiffness of the cracks or faults in the rock.

[0099] It should be noted that before the grid units are subjected to equivalent treatment of cracks, the cracks and faults in the grid units are also graded; the faults and cracks in the rock are divided into four scales, namely, meter-level microscale cracks, ten-meter-level microscale cracks, hundred-meter-level large-scale faults / cracks, and kilometer-level large-scale faults. Since faults and large-scale cracks are relatively few in number, large in width, and small in stiffness compared to small cracks, they will cause more obvious fluctuations in the three-dimensional stress field. Therefore, the embodiments of the present application mainly consider large-scale cracks identified by faults and ant bodies, and do not consider small-scale random microcracks. Among them, if the normal stiffness of the kilometer-level large-scale fault is K n , then the normal stiffness of a large-scale fault / crack of 100 meters is K n 2 , the normal stiffness of a ten-meter-scale micro-scale crack is K n 3 , the normal stiffness of the meter-scale micro-scale crack is K n 4 In the embodiments of the present application, for the convenience of unified description, faults and cracks are collectively referred to as cracks.

[0100] It should be noted that the prerequisite for equivalent treatment of fractures in grid units is to assume the complex situation in the grid unit as a simplified situation, assuming that the fracture surface is parallel to one side of the grid unit, the fracture is perpendicular to the fracture surface and the grid unit side, and the fracture surface and the intact rock are under the same stress. The computer equipment performs equivalent treatment on the grid unit, and the expression of the principle of its equivalent behavior is shown in the following formula 1:

[0101] Formula 1:

[0102] Where, σ is stress, unit is MPa; E equiv is the equivalent Young's modulus, in GPa; E intact Young's modulus of intact rock, in GPa; E fauit is the fault Young's modulus, in GPa. Since there is a relationship between the equivalent Young's modulus, the intact rock stiffness modulus and the fault Young's modulus as in Formula 1, the normal stiffness of the crack can be obtained by the following Formula 2:

[0103] Formula 2:

[0104] Among them, K n is the normal stiffness of the crack, in GPa / m; a is a sensitive analysis parameter between 0 and 1, dimensionless; E intact is the Young's modulus of intact rock, in GPa; S is the fracture distance of the grid unit, in m. For example, if the normal stiffness of a kilometer-scale large-scale fault is 1.9 GPa / m, then the normal stiffness of a hundred-meter-scale large-scale fault / fracture is 3.61 GPa / m.

[0105] The normal stiffness of the intact rock can be obtained by the following formula:

[0106] Formula 3:

[0107] Among them, K 岩石 is the normal stiffness of intact rock, in GPa / m; A is the cross-sectional area of ​​intact rock, in m 2 , L is the thickness of intact rock, in meters.

[0108] The equivalent normal stiffness can be obtained by the following formula 4:

[0109] Formula 4:

[0110] Among them, K 等效 is the equivalent normal stiffness, in GPa / m; A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the rock containing the crack, in m 2 , L is the thickness of the rock containing the fracture, in meters.

[0111] It should be noted that stiffness is the value of external force required to produce unit deformation of an object. In the embodiment of the present application, by determining the stiffness parameter of each grid unit, the stress during fracturing that the grid unit can withstand can be determined based on the stiffness parameter.

[0112] Step 104: The computer device determines the geostress parameter of the grid unit based on the stiffness parameter and the pore pressure parameter of the grid unit.

[0113] This step can be achieved by following the steps (1)-(4):

[0114] (1) The computer device determines the stiffness matrix of each mesh unit based on the stiffness parameters of the mesh unit.

[0115] Among them, the stiffness parameters of the grid unit include the fracture normal stiffness, the intact rock normal stiffness and the equivalent normal stiffness. The fracture normal stiffness, the intact rock normal stiffness and the equivalent normal stiffness are combined to form the stiffness matrix of the grid unit. The stiffness matrix is ​​an equivalent anisotropic stiffness matrix of the fracture normal stiffness, the intact rock normal stiffness and the equivalent normal stiffness established based on the mechanical properties of multiple force nodes of the grid unit, node distance, node direction and the mechanical properties of the intact rock.

[0116] (2) The computer device generates first relationship data based on the stiffness matrix of the grid unit, where the first relationship data is relationship data in which the parameter is the stiffness matrix, the dependent variable is the ground stress parameter, and the independent variables are the strain parameter, the gravity parameter, and the pore pressure parameter.

[0117] (3) The computer equipment obtains the strain parameters and gravity parameters of the grid cells.

[0118] Among them, the gravity parameter is the gravity of the rock in the grid unit, which is obtained from the logging data of the evaluation well; the strain parameter is the initial strain boundary value, including the initial strain structural coefficient ε h and ε H , ε h and ε H are the strain structure coefficients of the minimum principal stress and the maximum principal stress, respectively, obtained from the logging data of the evaluation well; for example, ε h is 0.001, ε H It is 0.006.

[0119] (4) The computer device obtains the ground stress parameter based on the strain parameter, gravity parameter and pore pressure parameter of the grid unit through the first relationship data.

[0120] It should be noted that the geostress parameter is a stress tensor, including normal stress and shear stress. The stress tensor is initialized by the finite element method, and the normal stress and shear stress are obtained by solution. The computer equipment also needs to calibrate the normal stress and shear stress. Based on the difference between the geostress parameter of the grid unit and the one-dimensional geostress measured by the evaluation well, the strain structure coefficient is adjusted until the normal stress and shear stress are the same as the one-dimensional geostress measured by the evaluation well.

[0121] Step 105: The computer device determines the hydraulic fracture length, expansion fracture length and shear fracture length of the grid unit during fracturing based on the mechanical parameters, fracture parameters, geostress parameters, fracturing parameters and pore pressure parameters of the grid unit.

[0122] Among them, fracturing parameters include fracturing construction parameters such as pump pressure, displacement, and pumping program.

[0123] This step can be achieved by following the steps (1)-(5):

[0124] (1) The computer device determines the length of the hydraulic fracture for each grid unit based on the mechanical parameters, fracture parameters, geostress parameters and fracturing parameters through the second relationship data, wherein the dependent variable of the second relationship data is the hydraulic fracture length, and the independent variables are the mechanical parameters, fracture parameters, geostress parameters and fracturing parameters.

[0125] The computer device substitutes the mechanical parameters, crack parameters, ground stress parameters and fracturing parameters into the second relationship data to obtain the hydraulic crack length.

[0126] (2) The computer device determines the pore pressure of the expansion crack for each grid unit based on the crack parameters, ground stress parameters, fracturing parameters and hydraulic crack length of the grid unit through third relationship data. The dependent variable of the third relationship data is the pore pressure of the expansion crack, and the independent variables are the crack parameters, ground stress parameters, fracturing parameters and hydraulic crack length.

[0127] The third relation data is:

[0128] Among them, P pore is the pore pressure of the expansion crack, in MPa; P pump is the pump pressure, in MPa; σ3 max is the maximum value of the minimum principal stress in the geostress parameters, in N; d is the flow distance from the fracturing fluid injection point to the expansion crack, that is, the hydraulic fracture length, in m; d max is the maximum flow distance from the fracturing fluid injection point to the expansion fracture, in meters; ρ is the fluid density, in g / cm 3 ; h is the vertical height from the injection point to the expansion fracture grid unit in the fracture parameters, in meters; s is an exponent between 0 and 1 that controls the speed at which the pore pressure at the tip of the expansion fracture decreases to the undisturbed reservoir pressure, and is dimensionless.

[0129] (3) The computer device determines the length of the expansion crack based on the difference between the pore pressure of the expansion crack and the pore pressure parameter.

[0130] In the embodiment of the present application, based on the critical stress analysis theory, the induced tensile cracks are extended parallel to the direction of the minimum principal stress. According to the criterion that the fracture normal stress is less than the fracture pore pressure, it is detected whether the intersecting natural fractures can be expanded, and at the same time, the fracturing fluid is simulated to be pumped into the expandable expansion cracks.

[0131] Among them, if the difference between the pore pressure of the expansion crack and the pore pressure parameter is a negative number, it means that the pore pressure of the expansion crack is less than the pore pressure parameter, and the natural crack cannot be expanded. If the difference between the pore pressure of the expansion crack and the pore pressure parameter is a positive number, it means that the pore pressure of the expansion crack is greater than the pore pressure parameter, and the natural crack can be expanded. The crack extends along the natural crack until the pore pressure of the expansion crack is equal to the pore pressure parameter. The sum of the extension distance of the expansion crack and the length of the hydraulic crack is determined as the expansion crack length.

[0132] (4) The computer device determines the pore pressure of the shear fracture based on the length of the expansion fracture, the pore pressure of the expansion fracture and the pore pressure parameter through the fourth relationship data, wherein the dependent variable of the fourth relationship data is the pore pressure of the shear fracture, and the independent variables are the length of the expansion fracture, the pore pressure of the expansion fracture and the pore pressure parameter.

[0133] In the embodiment of the present application, the possibility of crack activation is analyzed by critical stress, and the pressure at the tip of the expansion crack is used to calculate the pressure loss along other connected unexpanded cracks. The cracks are not expanded, but may be subjected to sufficiently large shear stress to cause slippage and form shear cracks. Shear cracks include smooth non-expanding cracks and rough shear expansion cracks. The pore pressure of the shear crack is obtained by the following fourth relationship data.

[0134] The fourth relation data is

[0135] Among them, d tip is the path distance from the fracturing fluid injection point to the tip of the expansion crack in the expansion crack length, in meters; P tip is the pore pressure at the tip of the expansion crack in the pore pressure of the expansion crack, in MPa; d is the path distance from the injection point to a local point (beyond the tip of the expansion crack), in m; P is the local pore pressure at any point along the crack path in the pore pressure parameter, in MPa; dr is the path distance from the injection point to the point where the pore pressure is not affected by hydraulic fracturing and is equal to the reservoir pressure, in m; P r For r The reservoir pressure at is the pore pressure of the shear fracture to be determined, in MPa; s is an exponent between 0 and 1 that controls the speed at which the pore pressure at the tip of the expansion fracture decreases to the undisturbed reservoir pressure, and is dimensionless.

[0136] (5) The computer device determines the shear fracture length based on the difference between the pore pressure of the shear fracture and the pore pressure parameter.

[0137] If the difference between the pore pressure of the shear fracture and the pore pressure parameter is a negative number, it means that the pore pressure of the shear fracture is less than the pore pressure parameter, and the natural fracture cannot be sheared to form a shear fracture. If the difference between the pore pressure of the shear fracture and the pore pressure parameter is a negative number, it means that the pore pressure of the shear fracture is greater than the pore pressure parameter, and the natural fracture can be sheared to form a shear fracture. The expansion fracture extends along the shear fracture until the pore pressure of the shear fracture is equal to the pore pressure parameter. The sum of the shear fracture extension distance and the expansion fracture length is determined as the shear fracture length.

[0138] Step 106: The computer device determines the well spacing corresponding to the grid unit based on the hydraulic fracture length, expansion fracture length and shear fracture length during fracturing of the grid unit.

[0139] In an embodiment of the present application, the computer device determines the maximum value among the hydraulic fracture length, the expansion fracture length and the shear fracture length as the well spacing of the grid unit.

[0140] It should be noted that hydraulic fractures, expansion fractures and shear fractures are fractures on the same horizontal line, that is, the length of hydraulic fractures, the length of expansion fractures and the length of shear fractures are the distances of fractures connected on the same horizontal line. Since two adjacent wells can be connected through any fractures during gas production, the maximum value of the hydraulic fracture length, the expansion fracture length and the shear fracture length is determined as the well spacing. Taking a certain unit as an example, it is determined that the maximum length of the hydraulic fracture on the same horizontal line is 210 meters, the maximum length of the expansion fracture is 250 meters, and the maximum length of the shear fracture is 280 meters. The well spacing is determined to be 280 meters as the optimized reasonable well spacing. The well spacing determined by the method of the embodiment of the present application can ensure that there is no pressure channeling between wells during fracturing and that the reservoir is fully utilized.

[0141] An embodiment of the present application provides a method for determining the spacing between wells. The method divides the target reservoir into a plurality of grid units by utilizing the geological structural surface of the target reservoir, and then determines the hydraulic fracture length, expansion fracture length, and shear fracture length of each grid unit based on the mechanical parameters, pore pressure parameters, geostress parameters, fracture parameters, and fracturing parameters of each grid unit, respectively, so that the determined hydraulic fracture length, expansion fracture length, and shear fracture length of each grid unit fully consider the geological characteristics, mechanical characteristics, and fracturing construction conditions of the area where the grid unit is located, thereby making the determined hydraulic fracture length, expansion fracture length, and shear fracture length more accurate; in this way, determining the spacing between wells of the grid unit based on the hydraulic fracture length, expansion fracture length, and shear fracture length can improve the accuracy of the determined spacing between wells.

[0142] The present application also provides a device for determining the well spacing, see Figure 2 , the device comprises:

[0143] A division module 201 is used to perform three-dimensional grid division on the first geological structure surface and the second geological structure surface to obtain a geological grid, wherein the first geological structure surface is the geological structure surface of the target reservoir to be studied, and the second geological structure surface is the geological structure surface of the extended area of ​​the target reservoir, and the geological grid includes a plurality of grid units;

[0144] An acquisition module 202 is used to acquire mechanical parameters, pore pressure parameters and crack parameters of multiple grid cells;

[0145] A processing module 203 is used to perform crack equivalent processing on each mesh unit based on the mechanical parameters of the mesh unit to obtain the stiffness parameters of the mesh unit;

[0146] A first determination module 204 is used to determine the ground stress parameter of the grid unit based on the stiffness parameter and the pore pressure parameter of the grid unit;

[0147] The second determination module 205 is used to determine the hydraulic fracture length, expansion fracture length and shear fracture length of the grid unit during fracturing based on the mechanical parameters, fracture parameters, ground stress parameters, fracturing parameters and pore pressure parameters of the grid unit;

[0148] The third determination module 206 is used to determine the well spacing corresponding to the grid unit based on the hydraulic fracture length, expansion fracture length and shear fracture length during fracturing of the grid unit.

[0149] In a possible implementation, the first determining module 204 includes:

[0150] A first determining unit, configured to determine a stiffness matrix of the mesh unit based on a stiffness parameter of the mesh unit;

[0151] A generating unit is used to generate first relationship data based on the stiffness matrix of the grid unit, wherein the first relationship data is relationship data in which the parameter is the stiffness matrix, the dependent variable is the ground stress parameter, and the independent variable is the strain parameter, the gravity parameter and the pore pressure parameter;

[0152] Acquisition unit, used to obtain strain parameters and gravity parameters of grid cells;

[0153] The second determination unit is used to obtain the ground stress parameter based on the strain parameter, gravity parameter and pore pressure parameter of the grid unit through the first relationship data.

[0154] In a possible implementation, the grid unit is one of a first grid unit, a second grid unit, a third grid unit, a fourth grid unit, and a fifth grid unit, the first grid unit is a grid unit in the target reservoir through which the evaluation well passes, the second grid unit is a grid unit in the target reservoir through which the evaluation well does not pass, the third grid unit is a grid unit in a side area in the expansion area, the fourth grid unit is a grid unit in an overlying area in the expansion area, and the fifth grid unit is a grid unit in an underlying area in the expansion area; the acquisition module 202 includes:

[0155] a third determining unit, configured to obtain mechanical parameters measured by an evaluation well on the target reservoir if the grid unit is the first grid unit, and determine the mechanical parameters measured by the evaluation well as the mechanical parameters of the first grid unit; or

[0156] A fourth determining unit is configured to obtain the seismic attribute parameters of the second grid cell if the grid cell is the second grid cell; determine the mechanical parameters of the second grid cell based on the mechanical parameters of the first grid cell and the seismic attribute parameters of the second grid cell; or,

[0157] a fifth determining unit, configured to, if the grid unit is a third grid unit, perform interpolation processing on the third grid unit based on the mechanical parameters of the first grid unit and the mechanical parameters of the second grid unit to obtain the mechanical parameters of the third grid unit;

[0158] The sixth determining unit is configured to determine the preset mechanical parameters as the mechanical parameters of the fourth grid unit or the mechanical parameters of the fifth grid unit if the grid unit is the fourth grid unit or the fifth grid unit.

[0159] In a possible implementation manner, the fourth determining unit is configured to:

[0160] Based on the mechanical parameters of the first grid unit, interpolation processing is performed on the second grid unit to obtain the logging mechanical parameters of the second grid unit;

[0161] Based on the seismic attribute parameters, the logging mechanical parameters are constrained to obtain the mechanical parameters of the second grid unit.

[0162] In a possible implementation, the second determining module 205 is configured to:

[0163] Based on the mechanical parameters, crack parameters, geostress parameters and fracturing parameters of the grid unit, the hydraulic crack length of the grid unit is determined through the second relationship data, wherein the dependent variable of the second relationship data is the hydraulic crack length, and the independent variables are the mechanical parameters, crack parameters, geostress parameters and fracturing parameters;

[0164] Based on the fracture parameters, ground stress parameters, fracturing parameters and hydraulic fracture length of the grid unit, the pore pressure of the expansion fracture is determined through the third relationship data, wherein the dependent variable of the third relationship data is the pore pressure of the expansion fracture, and the independent variables are the fracture parameters, ground stress parameters, fracturing parameters and hydraulic fracture length;

[0165] Determine the expansion crack length based on the difference between the pore pressure of the expansion crack and the pore pressure parameter;

[0166] Based on the length of the expansion crack, the pore pressure of the expansion crack and the pore pressure parameter, the pore pressure of the shear crack is determined through the fourth relationship data, the dependent variable of the fourth relationship data is the pore pressure of the shear crack, and the independent variables are the length of the expansion crack, the pore pressure of the expansion crack and the pore pressure parameter;

[0167] The shear fracture length is determined based on the difference between the pore pressure of the shear fracture and the pore pressure parameter.

[0168] In a possible implementation, the third determining module 206 is configured to:

[0169] The maximum value among the hydraulic fracture length, expansion fracture length and shear fracture length is determined as the well spacing of the grid unit.

[0170] Figure 3 The block diagram of the structure of a computer device 300 provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. The computer device 300 may be a portable mobile computer device, such as a smart phone, a tablet computer, an MP3 player (Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer III), an MP4 player (Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer IV), a laptop computer or a desktop computer. The computer device 300 may also be called a user device, a portable computer device, a laptop computer device, a desktop computer device, or other names.

[0171] Typically, the computer device 300 includes a processor 301 and a memory 302 .

[0172] The processor 301 may include one or more processing cores, such as a 4-core processor, an 8-core processor, etc. The processor 301 may be implemented in at least one hardware form of DSP (Digital Signal Processing), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), and PLA (Programmable Logic Array). The processor 301 may also include a main processor and a coprocessor. The main processor is a processor for processing data in the awake state, also known as a CPU (Central Processing Unit); the coprocessor is a low-power processor for processing data in the standby state. In some embodiments, the processor 301 may be integrated with a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), which is responsible for rendering and drawing the content to be displayed on the display screen. In some embodiments, the processor 301 may also include an AI (Artificial Intelligence) processor, which is used to process computing operations related to machine learning.

[0173] The memory 302 may include one or more computer-readable storage media, which may be non-transitory. The memory 302 may also include a high-speed random access memory, and a non-volatile memory, such as one or more disk storage devices, flash memory storage devices. In some embodiments, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium in the memory 302 is used to store at least one instruction, which is used to be executed by the processor 301 to implement the method for determining the well spacing provided in the method embodiment of the present application.

[0174] In some embodiments, the computer device 300 may further optionally include: a peripheral device interface 303 and at least one peripheral device. The processor 301, the memory 302 and the peripheral device interface 303 may be connected via a bus or a signal line. Each peripheral device may be connected to the peripheral device interface 303 via a bus, a signal line or a circuit board. Specifically, the peripheral device includes: at least one of a radio frequency circuit 304, a display screen 305, a camera assembly 306, an audio circuit 307, a positioning assembly 308 and a power supply 309.

[0175] The peripheral device interface 303 may be used to connect at least one peripheral device related to I / O (Input / Output) to the processor 301 and the memory 302. In some embodiments, the processor 301, the memory 302, and the peripheral device interface 303 are integrated on the same chip or circuit board; in some other embodiments, any one or two of the processor 301, the memory 302, and the peripheral device interface 303 may be implemented on a separate chip or circuit board, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0176] The radio frequency circuit 304 is used to receive and transmit RF (Radio Frequency) signals, also known as electromagnetic signals. The radio frequency circuit 304 communicates with the communication network and other communication devices through electromagnetic signals. The radio frequency circuit 304 converts the electrical signal into an electromagnetic signal for transmission, or converts the received electromagnetic signal into an electrical signal. Optionally, the radio frequency circuit 304 includes: an antenna system, an RF transceiver, one or more amplifiers, a tuner, an oscillator, a digital signal processor, a codec chipset, a user identity module card, and the like. The radio frequency circuit 304 can communicate with other computer devices through at least one wireless communication protocol. The wireless communication protocol includes, but is not limited to: the World Wide Web, a metropolitan area network, an intranet, various generations of mobile communication networks (2G, 3G, 4G and 5G), a wireless local area network and / or a WiFi (Wireless Fidelity) network. In some embodiments, the radio frequency circuit 304 may also include circuits related to NFC (Near Field Communication), which is not limited in this application.

[0177] The display screen 305 is used to display the UI (User Interface). The UI may include graphics, text, icons, videos, and any combination thereof. When the display screen 305 is a touch display screen, the display screen 305 also has the ability to collect touch signals on the surface or above the surface of the display screen 305. The touch signal can be input to the processor 301 as a control signal for processing. At this time, the display screen 305 can also be used to provide virtual buttons and / or virtual keyboards, also known as soft buttons and / or soft keyboards. In some embodiments, the display screen 305 can be one, set on the front panel of the computer device 300; in other embodiments, the display screen 305 can be at least two, respectively set on different surfaces of the computer device 300 or in a folding design; in other embodiments, the display screen 305 can be a flexible display screen, set on the curved surface or folding surface of the computer device 300. Even, the display screen 305 can also be set to a non-rectangular irregular shape, that is, a special-shaped screen. The display screen 305 can be made of materials such as LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode, organic light-emitting diode).

[0178] The camera assembly 306 is used to capture images or videos. Optionally, the camera assembly 306 includes a front camera and a rear camera. Typically, the front camera is arranged on the front panel of the computer device, and the rear camera is arranged on the back of the computer device. In some embodiments, there are at least two rear cameras, which are any one of a main camera, a depth of field camera, a wide-angle camera, and a telephoto camera, so as to realize the fusion of the main camera and the depth of field camera to realize the background blur function, the fusion of the main camera and the wide-angle camera to realize the panoramic shooting and VR (Virtual Reality) shooting function or other fusion shooting functions. In some embodiments, the camera assembly 306 may also include a flash. The flash can be a monochrome temperature flash or a dual-color temperature flash. A dual-color temperature flash refers to a combination of a warm light flash and a cold light flash, which can be used for light compensation at different color temperatures.

[0179] The audio circuit 307 may include a microphone and a speaker. The microphone is used to collect sound waves from the user and the environment, and convert the sound waves into electrical signals and input them into the processor 301 for processing, or input them into the radio frequency circuit 304 to achieve voice communication. For the purpose of stereo acquisition or noise reduction, there can be multiple microphones, which are respectively arranged at different parts of the computer device 300. The microphone can also be an array microphone or an omnidirectional acquisition microphone. The speaker is used to convert the electrical signal from the processor 301 or the radio frequency circuit 304 into sound waves. The speaker can be a traditional film speaker or a piezoelectric ceramic speaker. When the speaker is a piezoelectric ceramic speaker, it can not only convert the electrical signal into sound waves audible to humans, but also convert the electrical signal into sound waves inaudible to humans for purposes such as ranging. In some embodiments, the audio circuit 307 may also include a headphone jack.

[0180] The positioning component 308 is used to locate the current geographical location of the computer device 300 to implement navigation or LBS (Location Based Service). The positioning component 308 can be a positioning component based on the US GPS (Global Positioning System), China's Beidou system or Russia's Galileo system.

[0181] The power supply 309 is used to power various components in the computer device 300. The power supply 309 can be an alternating current, a direct current, a disposable battery, or a rechargeable battery. When the power supply 309 includes a rechargeable battery, the rechargeable battery can be a wired rechargeable battery or a wireless rechargeable battery. A wired rechargeable battery is a battery that is charged through a wired line, and a wireless rechargeable battery is a battery that is charged through a wireless coil. The rechargeable battery can also be used to support fast charging technology.

[0182] In some embodiments, the computer device 300 further includes one or more sensors 310 , including but not limited to: an acceleration sensor 311 , a gyroscope sensor 312 , a pressure sensor 313 , a fingerprint sensor 314 , an optical sensor 315 , and a proximity sensor 316 .

[0183] The acceleration sensor 311 can detect the magnitude of acceleration on the three coordinate axes of the coordinate system established by the computer device 300. For example, the acceleration sensor 311 can be used to detect the components of gravity acceleration on the three coordinate axes. The processor 301 can control the display screen 305 to display the user interface in a horizontal view or a vertical view according to the gravity acceleration signal collected by the acceleration sensor 311. The acceleration sensor 311 can also be used to collect game or user motion data.

[0184] The gyro sensor 312 can detect the body direction and rotation angle of the computer device 300, and the gyro sensor 312 can cooperate with the acceleration sensor 311 to collect the user's 3D actions on the computer device 300. The processor 301 can implement the following functions based on the data collected by the gyro sensor 312: motion sensing (such as changing the UI according to the user's tilt operation), image stabilization during shooting, game control, and inertial navigation.

[0185] The pressure sensor 313 can be set on the side frame of the computer device 300 and / or the lower layer of the display screen 305. When the pressure sensor 313 is set on the side frame of the computer device 300, it can detect the user's grip signal of the computer device 300, and the processor 301 performs left and right hand recognition or shortcut operation according to the grip signal collected by the pressure sensor 313. When the pressure sensor 313 is set on the lower layer of the display screen 305, the processor 301 controls the operability controls on the UI interface according to the user's pressure operation on the display screen 305. The operability controls include at least one of a button control, a scroll bar control, an icon control, and a menu control.

[0186] The fingerprint sensor 314 is used to collect the user's fingerprint, and the processor 301 identifies the user's identity based on the fingerprint collected by the fingerprint sensor 314, or the fingerprint sensor 314 identifies the user's identity based on the collected fingerprint. When the user's identity is identified as a trusted identity, the processor 301 authorizes the user to perform relevant sensitive operations, including unlocking the screen, viewing encrypted information, downloading software, paying, and changing settings. The fingerprint sensor 314 can be set on the front, back, or side of the computer device 300. When a physical button or a manufacturer logo is set on the computer device 300, the fingerprint sensor 314 can be integrated with the physical button or the manufacturer logo.

[0187] The optical sensor 315 is used to collect the ambient light intensity. In one embodiment, the processor 301 can control the display brightness of the display screen 305 according to the ambient light intensity collected by the optical sensor 315. Specifically, when the ambient light intensity is high, the display brightness of the display screen 305 is increased; when the ambient light intensity is low, the display brightness of the display screen 305 is reduced. In another embodiment, the processor 301 can also dynamically adjust the shooting parameters of the camera assembly 306 according to the ambient light intensity collected by the optical sensor 315.

[0188] The proximity sensor 316, also called a distance sensor, is usually disposed on the front panel of the computer device 300. The proximity sensor 316 is used to collect the distance between the user and the front of the computer device 300. In one embodiment, when the proximity sensor 316 detects that the distance between the user and the front of the computer device 300 is gradually decreasing, the processor 301 controls the display screen 305 to switch from the screen-on state to the screen-off state; when the proximity sensor 316 detects that the distance between the user and the front of the computer device 300 is gradually increasing, the processor 301 controls the display screen 305 to switch from the screen-off state to the screen-on state.

[0189] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 3 The structure shown in the figure does not constitute a limitation on the computer device 300, and the computer device 300 may include more or less components than those shown in the figure, or combine some components, or adopt a different arrangement of components.

[0190] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which at least one instruction is stored, and the at least one instruction is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the operations performed by the well spacing determination method of any of the above implementations.

[0191] The embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product or a computer program, the computer program product or the computer program includes a computer program code, and the computer program code is stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The processor of the computer device reads the computer program code from the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer program code, so that the computer device performs the operations performed by the above-mentioned method for determining the well spacing.

[0192] In some embodiments, the computer program involved in the embodiments of the present application may be deployed and executed on a computer device, or on multiple computer devices located at one location, or on multiple computer devices distributed at multiple locations and interconnected by a communication network. Multiple computer devices distributed at multiple locations and interconnected by a communication network may constitute a blockchain system.

[0193] An embodiment of the present application provides a method for determining the spacing between wells. The method divides the target reservoir into a plurality of grid units by utilizing the geological structural surface of the target reservoir, and then determines the hydraulic fracture length, expansion fracture length, and shear fracture length of each grid unit based on the mechanical parameters, pore pressure parameters, geostress parameters, fracture parameters, and fracturing parameters of each grid unit, respectively, so that the determined hydraulic fracture length, expansion fracture length, and shear fracture length of each grid unit fully consider the geological characteristics, mechanical characteristics, and fracturing construction conditions of the area where the grid unit is located, thereby making the determined hydraulic fracture length, expansion fracture length, and shear fracture length more accurate; in this way, determining the spacing between wells of the grid unit based on the hydraulic fracture length, expansion fracture length, and shear fracture length can improve the accuracy of the determined spacing between wells.

[0194] The above are only optional embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for determining well spacing, characterized in that: The method comprises: Performing three-dimensional grid division on the first geological structural surface and the second geological structural surface to obtain a geological grid, wherein the first geological structural surface is the geological structural surface of the target reservoir to be studied, the second geological structural surface is the geological structural surface of the extended area of ​​the target reservoir, and the geological grid includes a plurality of grid units; Obtaining mechanical parameters, pore pressure parameters and crack parameters of the plurality of grid cells; For each mesh unit, based on the mechanical parameters of the mesh unit, a crack equivalent treatment is performed on the mesh unit to obtain a stiffness parameter of the mesh unit; Determining a geostress parameter of the grid unit based on a stiffness parameter and a pore pressure parameter of the grid unit; Determining the hydraulic fracture length, expansion fracture length and shear fracture length of the grid unit during fracturing based on the mechanical parameters, fracture parameters, geostress parameters, fracturing parameters and pore pressure parameters of the grid unit; Determining the well spacing corresponding to the grid unit based on the hydraulic fracture length, expansion fracture length and shear fracture length of the grid unit during fracturing; The method of determining the hydraulic fracture length, expansion fracture length and shear fracture length of the grid unit during fracturing based on the mechanical parameters, fracture parameters, geostress parameters, fracturing parameters and pore pressure parameters of the grid unit comprises: Based on the mechanical parameters, crack parameters, geostress parameters and fracturing parameters of the grid unit, determining the hydraulic crack length of the grid unit through second relationship data, wherein the dependent variable of the second relationship data is the hydraulic crack length, and the independent variables are the mechanical parameters, the crack parameters, the geostress parameters and the fracturing parameters; Based on the crack parameters, geostress parameters, fracturing parameters and hydraulic crack length of the grid unit, the pore pressure of the expansion crack is determined through third relationship data, the dependent variable of the third relationship data is the pore pressure of the expansion crack, and the independent variables are the crack parameters, the geostress parameters, the fracturing parameters and the hydraulic crack length; the third relationship data is: in, is the pore pressure of the expansion crack, in MPa; is the pump pressure, in MPa; is the maximum value of the minimum principal stress in the geostress parameters, in N; d is the flow distance from the injection point of the fracturing fluid to the expansion crack, that is, the length of the hydraulic fracture, in m; is the maximum flow distance from the fracturing fluid injection point to the expansion fracture, in meters; is the fluid density in g / cm 3 ; h is the vertical height from the injection point to the expansion fracture grid unit in the fracture parameters, in meters; s is an exponent between 0 and 1 that controls the speed at which the pore pressure at the tip of the expansion fracture decreases to the undisturbed reservoir pressure, dimensionless; Determining the length of the expansion crack based on the difference between the pore pressure of the expansion crack and the pore pressure parameter; Based on the length of the expansion crack, the pore pressure of the expansion crack and the pore pressure parameter, the pore pressure of the shear crack is determined through fourth relationship data, the dependent variable of the fourth relationship data is the pore pressure of the shear crack, and the independent variables are the length of the expansion crack, the pore pressure of the expansion crack and the pore pressure parameter; the fourth relationship data is: in, is the path distance from the injection point of the fracturing fluid to the tip of the expansion crack in the expansion crack length, in meters; is the pore pressure at the tip of the expansion crack in the pore pressure of the expansion crack, in MPa; d1 is the path distance from the injection point to a local point beyond the tip of the expansion crack, in m; P is the local pore pressure at any point along the fracture path in the pore pressure parameters, in MPa; dr is the path distance from the injection point to the point where the pore pressure is not affected by hydraulic fracturing and is equal to the reservoir pressure, in m; For The reservoir pressure at is the pore pressure of the shear fracture to be determined, in MPa; s is an exponent between 0 and 1 that controls the speed at which the pore pressure at the tip of the expansion fracture decreases to the undisturbed reservoir pressure, dimensionless; The shear fracture length is determined based on the difference between the pore pressure of the shear fracture and the pore pressure parameter.

2. The method for determining the well spacing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determining of the geostress parameter of the grid unit based on the stiffness parameter and the pore pressure parameter of the grid unit comprises: Determining a stiffness matrix of the grid unit based on a stiffness parameter of the grid unit; Based on the stiffness matrix of the grid unit, first relationship data is generated, wherein the first relationship data is relationship data in which a parameter is the stiffness matrix, a dependent variable is the ground stress parameter, and an independent variable is a strain parameter, a gravity parameter, and the pore pressure parameter; Obtaining strain parameters and gravity parameters of the grid cells; Based on the strain parameter, gravity parameter and pore pressure parameter of the grid unit, the ground stress parameter is obtained through the first relationship data.

3. The method for determining the well spacing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grid unit is one of the first grid unit, the second grid unit, the third grid unit, the fourth grid unit and the fifth grid unit, the first grid unit is a grid unit in the target reservoir through which the evaluation well passes, the second grid unit is a grid unit in the target reservoir through which the evaluation well does not pass, the third grid unit is a grid unit in the side area of ​​the expansion area, the fourth grid unit is a grid unit in the overlying area of ​​the expansion area, and the fifth grid unit is a grid unit in the underlying area of ​​the expansion area; The process of obtaining the mechanical parameters of the grid unit includes: If the grid unit is the first grid unit, the mechanical parameters measured by the evaluation well on the target reservoir are obtained, and the mechanical parameters measured by the evaluation well are determined as the mechanical parameters of the first grid unit; or, If the grid unit is a second grid unit, obtaining the seismic attribute parameters of the second grid unit; determining the mechanical parameters of the second grid unit based on the mechanical parameters of the first grid unit and the seismic attribute parameters of the second grid unit; or, If the grid unit is a third grid unit, interpolation processing is performed on the third grid unit based on the mechanical parameters of the first grid unit and the mechanical parameters of the second grid unit to obtain the mechanical parameters of the third grid unit; If the grid unit is the fourth grid unit or the fifth grid unit, the preset mechanical parameters are determined as the mechanical parameters of the fourth grid unit or the mechanical parameters of the fifth grid unit.

4. The method for determining the well spacing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The determining the mechanical parameters of the second grid unit based on the mechanical parameters of the first grid unit and the seismic attribute parameters of the second grid unit includes: Based on the mechanical parameters of the first grid unit, interpolation processing is performed on the second grid unit to obtain the logging mechanical parameters of the second grid unit; Based on the seismic attribute parameters, the logging mechanical parameters are constrained to obtain the mechanical parameters of the second grid unit.

5. The method for determining the well spacing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determining of the well spacing corresponding to the grid unit based on the hydraulic fracture length, expansion fracture length and shear fracture length during fracturing of the grid unit includes: The maximum value among the hydraulic fracture length, the expansion fracture length and the shear fracture length is determined as the well spacing of the grid unit.

6. A device for determining the distance between wells, characterized in that: The device comprises: A division module is used to perform three-dimensional grid division on the first geological structure surface and the second geological structure surface to obtain a geological grid, wherein the first geological structure surface is the geological structure surface of the target reservoir to be studied, and the second geological structure surface is the geological structure surface of the extended area of ​​the target reservoir, and the geological grid includes a plurality of grid units; An acquisition module, used for acquiring mechanical parameters, pore pressure parameters and crack parameters of the plurality of grid cells; A processing module, configured to perform crack equivalent processing on each mesh unit based on the mechanical parameters of the mesh unit to obtain a stiffness parameter of the mesh unit; A first determination module, configured to determine a geostress parameter of the grid unit based on a stiffness parameter and a pore pressure parameter of the grid unit; A second determination module is used to determine the hydraulic fracture length, expansion fracture length and shear fracture length of the grid unit during fracturing based on the mechanical parameters, fracture parameters, ground stress parameters, fracturing parameters and pore pressure parameters of the grid unit; A third determination module is used to determine the well spacing corresponding to the grid unit based on the hydraulic fracture length, expansion fracture length and shear fracture length of the grid unit during fracturing; The second determining module is used to: Based on the mechanical parameters, crack parameters, geostress parameters and fracturing parameters of the grid unit, determining the hydraulic crack length of the grid unit through second relationship data, wherein the dependent variable of the second relationship data is the hydraulic crack length, and the independent variables are the mechanical parameters, the crack parameters, the geostress parameters and the fracturing parameters; Based on the crack parameters, geostress parameters, fracturing parameters and hydraulic crack length of the grid unit, the pore pressure of the expansion crack is determined through third relationship data, the dependent variable of the third relationship data is the pore pressure of the expansion crack, and the independent variables are the crack parameters, the geostress parameters, the fracturing parameters and the hydraulic crack length; the third relationship data is: in, is the pore pressure of the expansion crack, in MPa; is the pump pressure, in MPa; is the maximum value of the minimum principal stress in the geostress parameters, in N; d is the flow distance from the injection point of the fracturing fluid to the expansion crack, that is, the length of the hydraulic fracture, in m; is the maximum flow distance from the fracturing fluid injection point to the expansion fracture, in meters; is the fluid density in g / cm 3 ; h is the vertical height from the injection point to the expansion fracture grid unit in the fracture parameters, in meters; s is an exponent between 0 and 1 that controls the speed at which the pore pressure at the tip of the expansion fracture decreases to the undisturbed reservoir pressure, dimensionless; Determining the length of the expansion crack based on the difference between the pore pressure of the expansion crack and the pore pressure parameter; Based on the length of the expansion crack, the pore pressure of the expansion crack and the pore pressure parameter, the pore pressure of the shear crack is determined through fourth relationship data, the dependent variable of the fourth relationship data is the pore pressure of the shear crack, and the independent variables are the length of the expansion crack, the pore pressure of the expansion crack and the pore pressure parameter; the fourth relationship data is: in, is the path distance from the injection point of the fracturing fluid to the tip of the expansion crack in the expansion crack length, in meters; is the pore pressure at the tip of the expansion crack in the pore pressure of the expansion crack, in MPa; d1 is the path distance from the injection point to a local point beyond the tip of the expansion crack, in m; P is the local pore pressure at any point along the fracture path in the pore pressure parameters, in MPa; dr is the path distance from the injection point to the point where the pore pressure is not affected by hydraulic fracturing and is equal to the reservoir pressure, in m; For The reservoir pressure at is the pore pressure of the shear fracture to be determined, in MPa; s is an exponent between 0 and 1 that controls the speed at which the pore pressure at the tip of the expansion fracture decreases to the undisturbed reservoir pressure, dimensionless; The shear fracture length is determined based on the difference between the pore pressure of the shear fracture and the pore pressure parameter.

7. The device for determining the well spacing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first determining module includes: A first determining unit, configured to determine a stiffness matrix of the mesh unit based on a stiffness parameter of the mesh unit; A generating unit, configured to generate first relationship data based on the stiffness matrix of the grid unit, wherein the first relationship data is relationship data in which a parameter is the stiffness matrix, a dependent variable is the ground stress parameter, and an independent variable is a strain parameter, a gravity parameter, and the pore pressure parameter; An acquisition unit, used for acquiring strain parameters and gravity parameters of the grid unit; The second determination unit is used to obtain the ground stress parameter based on the strain parameter, gravity parameter and pore pressure parameter of the grid unit through the first relationship data.

8. A computer device, characterized in that: The computer device includes one or more processors and one or more memories, wherein at least one instruction is stored in the one or more memories, and the at least one instruction is loaded and executed by the one or more processors to implement the operations performed by the method for determining the well spacing as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium stores at least one instruction, and the at least one instruction is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the operation performed by the method for determining the well spacing according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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