Synchronizer

Abstract

The present application relates to a synchronizer, including a clutch gear ring. The clutch gear ring has a tapered friction surface, and an oil passage groove is provided at the friction surface. The oil passage groove penetrates through the friction surface at both ends along the axial direction of the clutch gear ring. After the inner conical surface contacts the friction surface, the oil film is damaged, and the lubricating oil is discharged along the spiral groove at the inner conical surface and the oil passage groove at the friction surface, so as to improve the discharge efficiency of the lubricating oil and accelerate the synchronous rotation of the blocking ring and the clutch gear ring. At the same time, when the inner conical surface disengages from the friction surface, the lubricating oil flows into the space between the inner conical surface and the friction surface along the spiral groove at the inner conical surface and the oil passage groove at the friction surface, so as to form an oil film.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of transmissions, and in particular to a synchronizer. Background Art

[0002] Inertial synchronizers rely on frictional action to achieve synchronization and can structurally ensure that the engaging sleeve and the engaging gear ring do not come into contact before synchronization, so as to avoid tooth impact and reduce noise.

[0003] In an existing locking-ring inertial synchronizer, the engaging gear ring has a friction surface (outer conical surface), and the locking ring has an inner conical surface with the same taper as the friction surface. A spiral groove is machined at the inner conical surface of the locking ring so that after the inner conical surface contacts the friction surface, the oil film is destroyed and the friction between the inner conical surface and the friction surface is increased.

[0004] However, when the oil film is destroyed, the lubricating oil needs to flow spirally along the spiral groove at the inner conical surface, and the flow distance of the lubricating oil is long, which is not convenient for the rapid discharge of the lubricating oil. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to improve the discharge efficiency of the lubricating oil when the inner conical surface contacts the friction surface, this application provides a synchronizer.

[0006] A synchronizer provided by this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A synchronizer includes an engaging gear ring, the engaging gear ring has a conical friction surface, and an oil passage groove is provided at the friction surface, and the oil passage groove penetrates through both ends of the friction surface along the axial direction of the engaging gear ring.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solutions, after the inner conical surface contacts the friction surface, the oil film is destroyed, and the lubricating oil is discharged along the spiral groove at the inner conical surface and the oil passage groove at the friction surface, so as to improve the discharge efficiency of the lubricating oil and accelerate the synchronous rotation of the locking ring and the engaging gear ring.

[0009] Meanwhile, when the inner conical surface disengages from the friction surface, the lubricating oil flows along the spiral groove at the inner conical surface and the oil passage groove at the friction surface into the space between the inner conical surface and the friction surface to form an oil film.

[0010] Preferably, the engaging gear ring has a machining plane, the machining plane is not perpendicular to the axis of the engaging gear ring, the intersection line of the machining plane and the friction surface is a machining line, and the oil passage groove extends along the machining line.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solutions, since the machining line is a plane curve or a plane straight line, the lubricating oil flows in a plane, and the extending path of the oil passage groove is smooth, which is beneficial to ensuring the flow rate of the lubricating oil and improving the flow efficiency of the lubricating oil; moreover, compared with a space curve, the above technical solution is convenient for machining the oil passage groove.

[0012] Preferably, the machining line is tangent to one end edge line of the friction surface.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the processing line (oil passage groove) is symmetrically arranged with respect to the symmetry plane, wherein the symmetry plane is the plane determined by the axis of the engaging gear ring and the tangent point of the processing line and one end edge line of the friction surface; when the lubricating oil flows in the oil passage groove, the flow directions of the lubricating oil on both sides of the symmetry plane are symmetric with each other, which is beneficial to the overall force balance of the engaging gear ring and maintaining stability; furthermore, it is beneficial to the stable flow of the lubricating oil in the oil passage groove.

[0014] Preferably, the processing line is tangent to the end edge line with a larger diameter of the friction surface.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, each oil passage groove has an outer opening at the end with a larger diameter of the friction surface, two inner openings at the end with a smaller diameter of the friction surface, and there is a spacing between the two inner openings; meanwhile, the size of the outer opening is significantly larger than the size of the inner opening. And when components such as the engaging gear ring and the lock ring are assembled to form a synchronizer, the end with a smaller diameter of the friction surface is embedded into the lock ring; that is, the inner opening faces the inside of the synchronizer.

[0016] When the lubricating oil flows along the oil passage groove towards the outer opening, the two streams of lubricating oil converge at the outer opening to reduce the flow rate of the lubricating oil and the probability of lubricating oil splashing.

[0017] When the lubricating oil flows along the oil passage groove towards the inner opening, the two streams of lubricating oil are respectively output from the two inner openings and flow into the inside of the synchronizer, so as to facilitate the uniform distribution of the lubricating oil in the synchronizer.

[0018] Preferably, a plurality of oil passage grooves are provided at intervals along the circumferential direction of the engaging gear ring, and any two of the oil passage grooves are not connected.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the intersection of the oil passage grooves is avoided, so that the lubricating oil only flows along the extending direction of the oil passage groove, which is beneficial to ensuring the flow rate of the lubricating oil and improving the flow efficiency of the lubricating oil.

[0020] Preferably, the engaging gear ring is coaxially provided with an annular oil storage groove, the oil storage groove is communicated with the oil passage groove, and the groove depth of the oil storage groove is greater than the groove depth of the oil passage groove.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, on the one hand, the oil storage groove can be used for temporarily storing the lubricating oil; on the other hand, the oil storage groove can be used as a tool withdrawal groove to facilitate the finish machining of the friction surface.

[0022] Preferably, the oil storage groove is located at the end with a larger diameter of the friction surface.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, when the inner conical surface contacts the friction surface, the end with a smaller diameter of the friction surface penetrates into the locking ring, and the lubricating oil between the inner conical surface and the friction surface basically flows to the end with a larger diameter of the friction surface, and then the oil storage tank is used for temporary storage of the lubricating oil.

[0024] Preferably, it further comprises a locking ring, which has an inner conical surface for the friction surface to fit, and the inner conical surface is provided with a spiral groove, and the groove depth of the oil-passing groove is equal to the groove depth of the spiral groove.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the spiral groove and the oil-through groove together constitute the flow channel of the lubricating oil. The groove depth of the oil-through groove is equal to the groove depth of the spiral groove, which controls the change rate of the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel (reduces the sudden change of the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel), which is conducive to the stable flow of the lubricating oil in the flow channel.

[0026] Preferably, it further comprises a spline hub and a slider, wherein the spline hub is coaxial with the engaging gear ring, the spline hub is provided with a slide groove, the slide groove extends along the axial direction of the spline hub, the slider is located in the slide groove, and the slider is provided with a connecting groove;

[0027] The end of the slider along the axial direction of the spline hub is used for the lock ring to abut against the slider; and when the lock ring abuts against the slider, there is a gap between the end surface of the lock ring facing the slider and the surface of the spline hub, and the connecting groove is connected to the gap.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, lubricating oil is filled in the gaps between the components inside the synchronizer, and a connecting groove is provided to increase the oil storage space inside the synchronizer. At the same time, the synchronizer has two sets of mutually matching lock rings and engaging gear rings, and the two lock rings are located on both sides of the slider; when the inner cone surface of one lock ring contacts the friction surface, the inner cone surface of the other lock ring is separated from the friction surface, and the lubricating oil at one lock ring can quickly flow to the other lock ring through the connecting groove to form an oil film.

[0029] Preferably, it also includes an engagement sleeve, which is coaxial with the spline hub, and the connecting groove penetrates the surface of the slider away from the axis of the spline hub, and the connecting groove is opposite to the inner circumference of the engagement sleeve.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, the lubricating oil in the connecting groove can be directly attached to between the inner periphery of the coupling sleeve and the outer periphery of the spline hub to provide lubrication.

[0031] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0032] 1. After the inner cone surface contacts the friction surface, the oil film is destroyed, and the lubricating oil is discharged along the spiral grooves on the inner cone surface and the oil grooves on the friction surface to improve the efficiency of lubricating oil discharge and accelerate the synchronous rotation of the lock ring and the engaging gear ring. At the same time, when the inner cone surface is separated from the friction surface, the lubricating oil flows along the spiral grooves on the inner cone surface and the oil grooves on the friction surface between the inner cone surface and the friction surface to form an oil film;

[0033] When the lubricating oil flows outward through the oil passage groove and opens to the outside, the two streams of lubricating oil converge at the outside opening to reduce the flow rate of the lubricating oil and the probability of lubricating oil splashing; when the lubricating oil flows inward through the oil passage groove and opens to the inside, the two streams of lubricating oil are respectively output from the two inside openings and flow into the synchronizer to facilitate the uniform distribution of the lubricating oil within the synchronizer.

[0034] 3. The spiral groove and the oil passage groove together form the flow path of the lubricating oil. The groove depth of the oil passage groove is equal to that of the spiral groove, and the change rate of the cross-sectional area of the flow path is controlled (the sudden change of the cross-sectional area of the flow path is reduced), which is beneficial to the stable flow of the lubricating oil within the flow path.

[0035] 4. Inside the synchronizer, the lubricating oil fills the gaps between the components, and a connecting groove is provided to increase the oil storage space inside the synchronizer. At the same time, the synchronizer has two sets of mutually cooperating lock rings and engaging gear rings, and the two lock rings are located on both sides of the slider; when the inner conical surface of one lock ring contacts the friction surface, the inner conical surface of the other lock ring disengages from the friction surface, and then the lubricating oil at one lock ring can quickly flow to the other lock ring through the connecting groove to form an oil film. Description of the Drawings

[0036] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the synchronizer.

[0037] Figure 2 is an exploded view of the overall structure of the synchronizer.

[0038] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spline hub.

[0039] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the slider, used to show the positioning ball.

[0040] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the slider, used to show the inner block.

[0041] Figure 6 is a sectional view of the synchronizer, used to show the positioning spring and the positioning ball.

[0042] Figure 7 is Figure 6 an enlarged view of part A in

[0043] Figure 8 is a sectional view of the synchronizer, used to show the connecting groove.

[0044] Figure 9 is Figure 8 an enlarged view of part B in

[0045] Description of reference numerals: 1, spline hub; 11, internal spline of hub; 12, external spline of hub; 13, sliding groove; 131, internal groove; 132, external groove; 14, main body; 15, connecting ring; 2, engaging sleeve; 21, internal spline of sleeve; 22, positioning groove; 3, slider; 31, external block; 311, panel; 312, border; 313, shielding plate; 314, notch; 315, communicating cavity; 316, gap; 32, internal block; 33, embedding groove; 34, positioning spring; 35, positioning ball; 4, locking ring; 41, external spline of ring; 42, internal conical surface; 43, spiral groove; 44, embedding block; 5, engaging gear ring; 51, external spline of gear ring; 52, friction surface; 53, oil passage groove; 54, oil storage groove. Detailed implementation manners

[0046] The following further describes this application in detail with reference to Figures 1-9 the accompanying drawings.

[0047] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 the accompanying drawings, an embodiment of this application discloses a synchronizer, including a spline hub 1 and an engaging sleeve 2.

[0048] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 the accompanying drawings, the spline hub 1 is annular, and an internal spline 11 of the hub is provided on the inner circumference of the spline hub 1, and an external spline 12 of the hub is provided on the inner circumference of the spline hub 1. Among them, both the internal spline 11 of the hub and the external spline 12 of the hub can be integrally formed with the spline hub 1.

[0049] In the case of the actual application of the synchronizer (such as applying the synchronizer to a transmission), the spline hub 1 is used to be coaxially sleeved on the first rotating shaft, and the spline hub 1 is circumferentially fixed to the first rotating shaft through the internal spline 11 of the hub.

[0050] Referring to Figure 2 the accompanying drawings, the engaging sleeve 2 is annular, and an internal spline 21 of the sleeve is provided on the inner circumference of the engaging sleeve 2. The engaging sleeve 2 is coaxially and slidably sleeved outside the spline hub 1, and the internal spline 21 of the sleeve and the external spline 12 of the hub cooperate (mesh) with each other to achieve circumferential fixation between the engaging sleeve 2 and the spline hub 1. Moreover, the thickness of the engaging sleeve 2 (along the axial direction of the spline hub 1), mainly the internal spline 21 of the sleeve, is not greater than the thickness of the external spline 12 of the hub.

[0051] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 the accompanying drawings, the spline hub 1 is provided with a sliding groove 13. The groove depth of the sliding groove 13 is less than the ring width of the spline hub 1. The sliding groove 13 penetrates the external spline 12 of the hub along the radial direction of the spline hub 1, and the sliding groove 13 penetrates the spline hub 1 and the external spline 12 of the hub along the axial direction of the spline hub 1. A slider 3 is slidably embedded in the sliding groove 13, and the slider 3 slides along the axial direction of the spline hub 1. Both ends of the slider 3 along the circumferential direction of the spline hub 1 abut against the groove wall of the sliding groove 13.

[0052] Referring toFigure 3 The spline hub 1 includes a main body 14 and a connecting ring 15. The internal splines 11 of the hub are connected to the inner circumference of the main body 14, the connecting ring 15 is coaxially connected to the outer circumference of the main body 14, and the external splines 12 of the hub are connected to the outer circumference of the connecting ring 15. And the thickness of the external splines 12 (along the axis of the spline hub 1) is greater than the thickness of the connecting ring 15.

[0053] It should be noted that in the attached drawings of this embodiment, the main body 14 includes three coaxial ring bodies with different outer diameters, so that the outer circumference of the main body 14 is stepped; the connecting ring 15 is connected to the outer circumference of the ring body with the largest outer diameter.

[0054] Referring to Figure 3 , the sliding groove 13 includes an inner groove 131 and an outer groove 132. The outer groove 132 penetrates through the external splines 12 of the hub, and the inner groove 131 is located on the side of the outer groove 132 facing the axis of the spline hub 1; and along the circumferential direction of the spline hub 1, the groove width of the inner groove 131 is smaller than the groove width of the outer groove 132.

[0055] Referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the slider 3 includes an outer block 31 and an inner block 32. The inner block 32 is fixedly connected to the outer block 31.

[0056] Referring to Figure 3 and Figure 5 , the inner block 32 is fitted into the inner groove 131, and both ends of the inner block 32 along the circumferential direction of the spline hub 1 abut against the groove walls of the inner groove 131; at the same time, the thickness of the inner block 32 (along the axis of the spline hub 1) is not greater than the thickness of the connecting ring 15. The outer block 31 is fitted into the outer groove 132, and both ends of the outer block 31 along the circumferential direction of the spline hub 1 abut against the groove walls of the outer groove 132; at the same time, the thickness of the outer block 31 (along the axis of the spline hub 1) is greater than the thickness of the connecting ring 15, and the thickness of the outer block 31 (along the axis of the spline hub 1) is smaller than the thickness of the external splines 12 of the hub.

[0057] In this embodiment, the inner block 32 is set as a cylinder, and the axis of the inner block 32 is perpendicular to and coplanar with the axis of the spline hub 1.

[0058] Referring to Figure 2 , the inner circumference of the engaging sleeve 2 is provided with a positioning groove 22. The positioning groove 22 is an annular groove and is coaxial with the engaging sleeve 2, and the positioning groove 22 penetrates through the internal splines 21 of the sleeve.

[0059] In this embodiment, the positioning groove 22 is located in the middle of the engaging sleeve 2 in the axial direction.

[0060] Referring to Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the surface of the slider 3 facing away from the axis of the spline hub 1 is provided with an embedding groove 33.

[0061] In this embodiment, the embedding groove 33 is coaxial with the inner block 32.

[0062] Referring to Figure 6And Figure 7 The slider 3 further includes a positioning spring 34 and a positioning ball 35. The positioning spring 34 is coaxially embedded in the embedding groove 33, the positioning ball 35 is slidably embedded into the embedding groove 33, and the positioning ball 35 is located on the side of the positioning spring 34 away from the axis of the spline hub 1. The positioning spring 34 makes the positioning ball 35 tend to protrude from the embedding groove 33, and the positioning ball 35 is used to be embedded into the positioning groove 22.

[0063] Referring to Figure 1 And Figure 2 , the synchronizer further includes a locking ring 4 and a engaging gear ring 5. The locking ring 4 and the engaging gear ring 5 cooperate with each other and there are two sets.

[0064] Both of the two locking rings 4 are coaxially rotatably connected to the spline hub 1, and the two locking rings 4 are respectively located on both sides of the outer spline 12 of the hub along the axial direction of the spline hub 1. Among the locking ring 4 and the engaging gear ring 5 that cooperate with each other, the engaging gear ring 5 is located on the side of the locking ring 4 away from the outer spline 12 of the hub, and the engaging gear ring 5 is coaxially rotatably connected to the spline hub 1.

[0065] The outer periphery of the locking ring 4 is provided with an outer spline 41 on the ring, and the outer spline 41 on the ring is used for the inner spline 21 of the sleeve to engage; the engaging sleeve 2 can be coaxially sleeved on the outer periphery of the locking ring 4, and the circumferential fixation between the engaging sleeve 2 and the locking ring 4 is realized through the outer spline 41 on the ring and the inner spline 21 of the sleeve.

[0066] The outer periphery of the engaging gear ring 5 is provided with an outer spline 51 on the gear ring, and the outer spline 51 on the gear ring is used for the inner spline 21 of the sleeve to engage; the engaging sleeve 2 can also be coaxially sleeved on the outer periphery of the outer spline 51 on the gear ring, and the circumferential fixation between the engaging sleeve 2 and the locking ring 4 is realized through the outer spline 51 on the gear ring and the inner spline 21 of the sleeve.

[0067] To facilitate the engagement of the inner spline 21 of the sleeve with the outer spline 41 on the ring and the engagement of the inner spline 21 of the sleeve with the outer spline 51 on the gear ring, chamfers are provided at both ends of the inner spline 21 of the sleeve along the circumferential direction of the spline hub 1, at the end of the outer spline 41 on the ring facing the outer spline 12 of the hub, and at the end of the outer spline 51 on the gear ring facing the outer spline 12 of the hub.

[0068] The inner periphery of the locking ring 4 is coaxially provided with an inner conical surface 42, and the end with a larger diameter of the inner conical surface 42 faces the engaging gear ring 5. At the same time, a spiral groove 43 is provided at the inner conical surface 42.

[0069] The outer periphery of the engaging gear ring 5 is coaxially provided with a friction surface 52. The taper of the friction surface 52 is equal to the taper of the inner conical surface 42, the friction surface 52 is located on the side of the outer spline 51 on the gear ring facing the locking ring 4, and the friction surface 52 is used for the inner conical surface 42 to fit.

[0070] An oil through groove 53 is provided at the friction surface 52. A plurality of oil through grooves 53 are provided at intervals along the circumferential direction of the engaging gear ring 5, and any two oil through grooves 53 are not communicated. The oil through groove 53 penetrates through both ends of the friction surface 52 along the axial direction of the engaging gear ring 5. And, the groove depth of the oil through groove 53 is equal to the groove depth of the spiral groove 43

[0071] Specifically, the engaging gear ring 5 has a machining plane (the machining plane is not the actual surface of the engaging gear ring 5), the machining plane is not perpendicular to the axis of the engaging gear ring 5, the intersection line of the machining plane and the friction surface 52 is a machining line, and the oil through groove 53 extends along the machining line.

[0072] In this embodiment, the machining plane intersects with the axis of the engaging gear ring 5, and makes the machining line tangent to one end side line of the friction surface 52. Preferably, the machining line is tangent to the end side line with a larger diameter of the friction surface 52, so that the oil through groove 53 has two inner openings at the end with a smaller diameter of the friction surface 52, and there is a spacing between the two inner openings; meanwhile, the size of the outer opening is significantly larger than that of the inner opening.

[0073] In other embodiments, the machining plane may also be parallel to or coincide with the axis of the engaging gear ring 5.

[0074] An annular oil storage groove 54 is also coaxially provided on the outer periphery of the engaging gear ring 5, the oil storage groove 54 communicates with the oil through groove 53, and the groove depth of the oil storage groove 54 is greater than that of the oil through groove 53. In this embodiment, the oil storage groove 54 is located at the end with a larger diameter of the friction surface 52, so that the oil storage groove 54 communicates with the outer opening of the oil through groove 53.

[0075] Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 6 , an insert block 44 is also provided on the outer periphery of the locking ring 4, the insert block 44 is used to be inserted into the outer groove 132, and the end of the slider 3 along the axial direction of the spline hub 1 is used to abut against the locking ring 4 (insert block 44).

[0076] Refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the outer block 31 includes a panel 311, a frame 312 and a baffle 313 which are integrally formed.

[0077] The inner block 32 is fixedly connected to the panel 311, and the frame 312 and the inner block 32 are connected to the same side of the panel 311. At the same time, slot openings 314 penetrating through the panel 311 are provided on both sides of the inner block 32 on the panel 311. And the slot openings 314 face the inner spline 11 of the hub.

[0078] The frame 312 and the panel 311 enclose a communication cavity 315, and the communication cavity 315 and the slot openings 314 communicate with each other to form a communication groove.

[0079] There are two baffle plates 313. The baffle plates 313 are parallel to the panel 311, and the baffle plates 313 are connected to one end of the frame 312 away from the panel 311. The distribution direction A of the two baffle plates 313 is parallel to the distribution direction of the two notches 314. At the same time, one end edge of the baffle plate 313 along the distribution direction A is connected to the frame 312, and there is a gap between the other end edge of the baffle plate 313 along the distribution direction A and the outer circumference of the inner block 32; notches 316 are provided at both other end edges of the baffle plate 313, and the notches 316 communicate with the communication cavity 315.

[0080] In this embodiment, the notch 316 is at one end of the baffle plate 313 away from the inner block 32.

[0081] Refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 , the end parts of the panel 311 and the frame 312 along the axial direction of the spline hub 1 are used for the lock ring 4 to abut against. The thickness of the communication cavity 315 (along the axial direction of the spline hub 1) is greater than the thickness of the connecting ring 15. At the same time, when the inner conical surface 42 abuts against the friction surface 52, there is a gap between the end surface of the lock ring 4 facing the slider 3 and the surface of the connecting ring 15, and this gap communicates with the communication cavity 315.

[0082] The implementation principle of a synchronizer in an embodiment of this application is as follows: when the inner conical surface 42 of one lock ring 4 contacts the friction surface 52, the inner conical surface 42 of the other lock ring 4 disengages from the friction surface 52, then the lubricating oil at one lock ring 4 can quickly flow to the other lock ring 4 through the communication groove to form an oil film. After the inner conical surface 42 contacts the friction surface 52, the oil film is damaged, and the lubricating oil is discharged along the spiral groove 43 at the inner conical surface 42 and the oil through groove 53 at the friction surface 52 to improve the lubricating oil discharge efficiency and accelerate the synchronous rotation of the lock ring 4 and the engaging gear ring 5. At the same time, when the inner conical surface 42 disengages from the friction surface 52, the lubricating oil flows into the space between the inner conical surface 42 and the friction surface 52 along the spiral groove 43 at the inner conical surface 42 and the oil through groove 53 at the friction surface 52 to form an oil film.

[0083] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application. The protection scope of this application is not limited accordingly. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be covered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A synchronizer, comprising a clutch gear (5), the clutch gear (5) having a tapered friction surface (52), characterized in that: It also includes a spline hub (1), a slider (3) and a lock ring (4), An oil passage groove (53) is provided on the friction surface (52), and the oil passage groove (53) runs through both ends of the friction surface (52) along the axial direction of the engagement gear ring (5); The spline hub (1) is coaxial with the engaging gear ring (5), the spline hub (1) is provided with a slide groove (13), the slide groove (13) extends along the axial direction of the spline hub (1), the slide block (3) is located in the slide groove (13), and the slide block (3) is provided with a connecting groove; The end portion of the slider (3) along the axial direction of the spline hub (1) is used for abutment against the lock ring (4); When the lock ring (4) contacts the slider (3), a gap exists between the end surface of the lock ring (4) facing the slider (3) and the surface of the spline hub (1), and the connecting groove is connected to the gap; The synchronizer has two sets of mutually matching lock rings (4) and engaging gear rings (5), and the two lock rings (4) are located on both sides of the slider; When one locking ring (4) contacts the friction surface (52), the other locking ring (4) is separated from the friction surface (52), and lubricating oil at one locking ring (4) can flow to the other locking ring (4) through the connecting groove.

2. The synchronizer according to claim 1, wherein: The engaging gear ring (5) has a processing plane, the processing plane is not perpendicular to the axis of the engaging gear ring (5), the intersection line of the processing plane and the friction surface (52) is the processing line, and the oil groove (53) extends along the processing line.

3. The synchronizer according to claim 2, wherein: The processing line is tangent to an edge line of one end of the friction surface (52).

4. The synchronizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The processing line is tangent to an edge line of an end of the friction surface (52) having a larger diameter.

5. The synchronizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of the oil passage grooves (53) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the engagement gear ring (5), and no one of the oil passage grooves (53) is connected to another.

6. The synchronizer according to claim 1, wherein: The engaging gear ring (5) is coaxially provided with an annular oil storage groove (54), the oil storage groove (54) is connected to the oil through groove (53), and the groove depth of the oil storage groove (54) is greater than the groove depth of the oil through groove (53).

7. The synchronizer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The oil storage groove (54) is located at the end of the friction surface (52) with a larger diameter.

8. The synchronizer according to claim 1, wherein: The lock ring (4) has an inner conical surface (42) for the friction surface (52) to fit with, and the inner conical surface (42) is provided with a spiral groove (43), and the groove depth of the oil-passing groove (53) is equal to the groove depth of the spiral groove (43).

9. The synchronizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises an engagement sleeve (2), the engagement sleeve (2) being coaxial with the spline hub (1), the communication groove penetrating a surface of the slider (3) which faces away from the axis of the spline hub (1), and the communication groove facing the inner circumference of the engagement sleeve (2).

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