A tire NVH selection method and system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tire NVH selection method and system, including: obtaining wheel center force load spectra of multiple competing vehicles of a model to be developed to form a wheel center force load spectrum sample pool; calculating the average value μ and standard deviation σ of the peak amplitude of the wheel center force load spectrum of the competing vehicle tires in the sample pool in multiple set intervals in the X / Y / Z directions; obtaining the amplitude of the wheel center force load spectrum of the tire of the model to be developed in multiple set intervals in the X / Y / Z directions according to the average value μ and the standard deviation σ; the amplitude target value is used to evaluate whether the tire NVH selection of the model to be developed meets the standards. The present invention proposes to use the wheel center force index as a technical parameter for tire NVH selection of road noise, which can improve the efficiency and accuracy of tire NVH selection. At the same time, the wheel center force index proposed by the present invention can be used for evaluation and comparison of different tires and different vehicles, which improves the accuracy of tire NVH selection and road noise target decomposition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of tire NVH selection, and in particular relates to a tire NVH selection method and system. Background Art

[0002] Road noise performance plays a vital role in NVH (Noise, Vibration, Harshness) development, especially in today's era when electric vehicles are more popular. Without the hidden effect of the engine, the problem of road noise has become an important part of NVH development.

[0003] Road noise is caused by the road surface exciting the tires. The wheel assembly transmits the vibration to the front and rear suspension and the body, generating noise inside the car. The mechanism of its generation is as follows: Figure 2 As the source of excitation force, tire NVH selection is very important for road noise.

[0004] CN111993847A "Tire parameter optimization method based on vehicle road noise performance improvement" discloses a tire parameter optimization method based on vehicle road noise performance improvement, including the following steps: calculating NVH road power spectrum density; establishing a real physical tire model; building a vehicle sound-solid coupling model; obtaining the vehicle noise and vibration response under the initial tire design; building a tire model sample pool; building a display mathematical relationship between the key physical parameters of the tire and the full-band noise and vibration response of the vehicle measurement point; defining and solving the tire optimization problem to obtain the optimized value of the measurement point noise response; linearizing the tire model corresponding to the optimization design scheme and simulating to obtain the simulation results of the vehicle measurement point noise and vibration response; generating supplementary sample points and adding them to the tire model sample pool; calculating the error between the optimized value of the full-band noise of the vehicle measurement point and the simulation value. This invention is mainly used for tire parameter optimization, and it is necessary to build a real physical tire model and a vehicle sound-solid coupling model, which is labor-intensive, difficult, and error-prone, and is not suitable for tire NVH selection. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to improve the efficiency and accuracy of tire NVH selection, the present invention proposes a tire NVH selection method and system.

[0006] A tire NVH selection method to achieve one of the purposes of the present invention comprises:

[0007] According to the average value μ and standard deviation σ of the peak amplitude of the wheel center force load spectrum of the tire of the competing vehicle in multiple set intervals in the X / Y / Z directions, the amplitude target values ​​of the wheel center force load spectrum of the tire of the to-be-developed vehicle model in multiple set intervals in the X / Y / Z directions are obtained; the amplitude target values ​​are used to evaluate whether the tire NVH selection meets the standards; the amplitude of each set interval of the wheel center force load spectrum of the tire to be selected in the X / Y / Z directions should be less than the amplitude target value of the corresponding interval, otherwise it is considered that the tire NVH selection does not meet the standards.

[0008] A further technical solution includes: the setting interval is set according to the peak frequency characteristics of the wheel center force load spectrum; the peak frequency characteristics include the first-order mode and the cavity mode of the tire.

[0009] A further technical solution includes: a method for obtaining a wheel center force load spectrum of a competing vehicle includes:

[0010] S101, obtaining wheel center vibration response data and wheel center transfer function of a competing vehicle;

[0011] S102. Calculate the wheel center force load spectrum according to the obtained wheel center vibration response data and the wheel center transfer function.

[0012] A further technical solution includes: in the above step S102, the method for obtaining the wheel center force load spectrum includes:

[0013]

[0014] Where:

[0015] [G f ] m×m : wheel center force load spectrum to be obtained;

[0016] Indicates [H] m×n The generalized inverse matrix of ;

[0017] [H] n×m : wheel center transfer function matrix, i.e., the transfer function from each degree of freedom of each wheel center to the measuring point obtained in step S101;

[0018] Indicates [H] n×m The transposed conjugate matrix of the generalized inverse matrix of ;

[0019] [G b ] n×n : represents the response spectrum matrix of the wheel center acceleration measurement point, that is, the wheel center vibration response data obtained in step S101;

[0020] m: represents the number of road input forces on all wheel centers of the vehicle;

[0021] n: Calibrated value greater than 2m.

[0022] A further technical solution includes: in the above formula [H] m×n The methods for solving the generalized inverse matrix of include:

[0023]

[0024] Where:

[0025] [V] m×m : is an orthogonal matrix;

[0026] [σ] n×m : is a diagonal matrix;

[0027] [1 / σ] n×m : is [σ] n×m The reciprocal of

[0028] is the transposed conjugate matrix of the orthogonal matrix;

[0029] A further technical solution includes: in the step S3, the target amplitude value of the wheel center force load spectrum of the tire of the to-be-developed vehicle model in the set interval in the X / Y / Z directions is μ+3σ.

[0030] A tire NVH selection system to achieve the second objective of the present invention includes a wheel center force calculation module and a wheel center force problem identification module;

[0031] The wheel center force calculation module is used to calculate the wheel center force load spectrum according to the noise and vibration data;

[0032] The wheel center force problem identification module is used to determine whether the tire NVH selection of the same vehicle model meets the standard based on the obtained wheel center force load spectrum.

[0033] A further technical solution includes: a wheel center vibration response data acquisition module for acquiring wheel center vibration response data; the wheel center vibration response data is used to calculate the wheel center force load spectrum.

[0034] A further technical solution includes: a wheel center transfer function acquisition module for acquiring a wheel center transfer function, wherein the wheel center transfer function is used to calculate a wheel center force load spectrum.

[0035] A further technical solution includes: a data acquisition module for collecting noise and vibration data under road noise conditions.

[0036] A further technical solution includes: a method for collecting noise and vibration data under road noise conditions includes: selecting more than 4 measuring points on the steering knuckle or joint head of each wheel center of the tire to be selected to arrange three-way vibration sensors, wherein the method for selecting the points for arranging the three-way vibration sensors includes:

[0037] (1) Arrange the measuring points on and near the steering knuckle and select the edge position points away from the wheel center;

[0038] (2) Select a location with greater rigidity and suitable for installation;

[0039] (3) Ensure that any four measuring points are not coplanar.

[0040] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0041] ① The present invention proposes to use the wheel center force index as a technical parameter for tire NVH selection of road noise, and the frequency domain trend of the wheel center force is consistent with the trend of the interior noise, which can effectively improve the accuracy of tire NVH selection;

[0042] ② The wheel center force index proposed in the present invention can be used to evaluate and compare different tires as well as different vehicles, thereby improving the accuracy of tire NVH selection and road noise target decomposition;

[0043] ③ The peak frequency of the wheel force index in the present invention is also the problem frequency of the excitation source of road noise, which provides a reliable basis for the vehicle body and suspension modal frequency avoidance and road noise development and debugging;

[0044] ④ The present invention can be applied to tire NVH selection at the prototype stage of a mule car. At the same time, the wheel center force can also be used for CAE road noise simulation analysis, shortening the development cycle of tire selection and road noise development, saving development costs and testing fees. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the method of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the system of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the generation principle of road noise according to the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of test point selection in an embodiment of the method of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 is a load spectrum result diagram of a wheel in a competing vehicle in an embodiment of the method of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 6 is a waveform diagram of the noise inside the vehicle in an embodiment of the method of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 7 is a load spectrum result diagram of a wheel of a sample vehicle in an embodiment of the method of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 8 It is the tire NVH selection result in the embodiment of the method described in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The following specific implementations are used to explain the technical solutions of the claims of the present invention so that those skilled in the art can understand the claims. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific implementation structures. The technical solutions of the claims of the present invention made by those skilled in the art but different from the following specific implementations are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0054] Combine the following Figures 1 to 7 An embodiment of the method of the present invention is described.

[0055] S1. Obtain wheel center force load spectra of multiple competing vehicles of the model to be developed to form a wheel center force load spectrum sample pool;

[0056] S101, obtaining wheel center vibration response data and wheel center transfer function of a competing vehicle; the specific steps are as follows:

[0057] 1. Replace the tires to be selected and the test sensors on the competitor car, install 4 tires to be selected on the competitor car, select 5 measuring points on the steering knuckle or joint head of each wheel center to arrange three-way vibration sensors, and arrange 1 microphone on the outer ear of the front and rear seat headrests in the car. The selection of the location of the three-way vibration sensor should follow the following principles, as shown in the schematic diagram Figure 4 As shown:

[0058] (1) Arrange the measuring points at the steering knuckle (joint head) and nearby, and select the edge position points away from the wheel center;

[0059] (2) Select a location with greater rigidity and suitable for installation;

[0060] (3) Ensure that any four measuring points are not coplanar.

[0061] 2. Use the noise and vibration data acquisition front-end equipment to test the wheel center vibration response of this competitor car under road noise conditions, and obtain the response spectrum matrix of the wheel center acceleration measurement point [G b ] n×n ; Preferably, all measurement points are collected simultaneously to keep the data length and sampling rate consistent;

[0062] 3. Use the noise and vibration data acquisition front-end equipment to test the wheel center transfer function matrix of this competitor car [H] n×m , the response points must include the acceleration measurement points on each steering knuckle or joint head; the simulated wheel center transfer function can also be used instead of the tested wheel center transfer function;

[0063] S102, calculating and obtaining a wheel center force load spectrum according to the obtained wheel center vibration response data and wheel center transfer function;

[0064] This embodiment uses the inverse matrix method to obtain the wheel center force of the tire mounted on the competing vehicle through the vibration response data of the wheel center vibration and the wheel center transfer function; the specific solution process is as follows:

[0065] ①The relationship between the shaft head measuring point response and load is as follows:

[0066]

[0067] Where:

[0068] [G b ] n×n : represents the response spectrum matrix of the wheel center acceleration measurement point, including the PSD (auto power spectrum) and CPSD (cross power spectrum) of each degree of freedom of each measurement point;

[0069] [H] n×m : Wheel center transfer function matrix, the transfer function from each degree of freedom of each wheel center to the measuring point to be tested;

[0070] [G f ] m×m : The load spectrum matrix to be solved, including the PSD and CPSD of each wheel center degree of freedom;

[0071] m: represents the number of road input forces on all wheel centers of the vehicle;

[0072] n: a calibration value greater than 2m, preferably 2m;

[0073] In this embodiment, m=12, n=2*m=24;

[0074] From formula ①, we can get:

[0075]

[0076] Where:

[0077] Indicates [H] m×n The generalized inverse matrix of ;

[0078] Indicates [H] n×m The transposed conjugate matrix of the generalized inverse matrix of ;

[0079] ② It can be obtained using the singular value decomposition method.

[0080]

[0081] Where:

[0082] [U] n×n , [V] m×m is an orthogonal matrix, [σ]n×m is a diagonal matrix

[0083]

[0084] Substituting formula ④ into formula ②, we can get [G f ] m×m , that is, the load spectrum of the wheel center force. The load spectrum of the wheel center force obtained on the competing vehicle in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, they are the results of the load spectrum of a certain tire in the X, Y, and Z directions.

[0085] S2, calculating the average value μ and standard deviation σ of the peak amplitude of the wheel center force load spectrum of the competitive vehicle tire in the sample pool in multiple set intervals in the X / Y / Z directions;

[0086] S201. After testing and solving according to the above steps, load spectra of wheel center forces of multiple competing vehicles of the model to be developed are obtained to form a load spectrum sample pool. It is recommended to select 6 or more competing vehicles;

[0087] In this embodiment, the target values ​​of the wheel center force are set in three directions: X, Y, and Z according to the peak frequency characteristics in the wheel center force load spectrum. Each direction is divided into 50-100 Hz and 100-300 Hz according to the frequency. Figure 7 The figure shows the wheel center force load spectrum of a certain tire of a certain competing vehicle obtained in this embodiment;

[0088] S202, calculating the average value μ and standard deviation σ of the peak amplitude of the wheel center force load spectrum of the competitive vehicle tires in the X / Y / Z directions in the range of 50-100 Hz and 100-300 Hz in the sample pool.

[0089] S3. Obtain target amplitude values ​​of the wheel center force load spectrum of the tire of the model to be developed in the range of 50-100 Hz and 100-300 Hz in the X / Y / Z directions according to the above average value μ and standard deviation σ; the target amplitude values ​​are used to evaluate whether the tire NVH selection meets the standard;

[0090] In this embodiment, according to the 3σ criterion, the target amplitude values ​​μ+3σ of the wheel center force load spectrum of the tire of the vehicle type in the X / Y / Z directions and the intervals of 50-100 Hz and 100-300 Hz are solved.

[0091] In this embodiment, the target values ​​of the wheel center force in the range of 50 to 300 Hz in the X / Y / Z directions are shown in Table 1 below: X direction ≤15N@50-100Hz, ≤10N@100-300Hz; Y direction ≤15N@50-100Hz, ≤5N@100-300Hz; Z direction ≤15N@50-100Hz, ≤5N@100-300Hz.

[0092] Table 1 Wheel center force targets for tires of models to be developed

[0093]

[0094] S4. Test the wheel center force load spectrum of the mule car of the model to be developed with different tires;

[0095] The testing process is the same as the method for testing the wheel center force load spectrum of the competing vehicle described in step S1, including:

[0096] 1. Obtain the wheel center vibration response data and wheel center transfer function of the mule car;

[0097] 2. The wheel center force load spectrum of the mule cart is calculated based on the obtained wheel center vibration response data and wheel center transfer function, such as Figure 6 shown.

[0098] Figure 7 This is the waveform diagram of the interior noise. It can be seen that the obtained wheel center force has the same trend as the interior noise, which means that this method can more effectively improve the accuracy of tire NVH selection.

[0099] S5. According to the target amplitude values ​​of the wheel center force load spectrum in the X / Y / Z directions of 50-100 Hz and 100-300 Hz, the NVH of the tires of the mule car to be developed is determined, and the existing problems and risk points that need to be optimized are identified, such as Figure 8 As shown, it can be seen that the wheel center force of the tire has the following problems: the wheel center force at 85Hz@Y direction, 184Hz&200Hz@X / Y / Z direction is greater than the set target value, and therefore does not meet the standard and does not meet the NVH selection requirements. Therefore, the supplier needs to optimize and debug the tire; based on the problems of the selected tire, the supplier optimizes the physical parameters such as the rubber formula and the apex rubber in combination with the requirements of the dynamic performance, handling stability and other dimensions to make the tire NVH selection meet the standards.

[0100] It should be understood that the size of the serial numbers of the steps in the above embodiments does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0101] The embodiment of the present application also includes a tire NVH selection system, which is composed of a wheel center force calculation module and a wheel center force problem identification module;

[0102] The wheel center force calculation module is used to calculate the wheel center force load spectrum based on noise and vibration data;

[0103] The wheel center force problem identification module is used to determine whether the tire NVH selection of the same vehicle model meets the standards based on the obtained wheel center force load spectrum.

[0104] In another embodiment, it also includes a wheel center vibration response data acquisition module for acquiring wheel center vibration response data, and the wheel center vibration response data is used to calculate the wheel center force load spectrum.

[0105] In another embodiment, it further includes a wheel center transfer function acquisition module for acquiring a wheel center transfer function, wherein the wheel center transfer function is used to calculate a wheel center force load spectrum.

[0106] In another embodiment, a data acquisition module is further included, for acquiring noise and vibration data under road noise conditions.

[0107] The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to professional and technical personnel in this field.

Claims

1. A tire NVH selection method, characterized in that: According to the average value μ and standard deviation σ of the peak amplitude of the wheel center force load spectrum of the competitor's tire in multiple set intervals in the X / Y / Z directions, the amplitude target value of the wheel center force load spectrum of the tire of the to-be-developed vehicle in multiple set intervals in the X / Y / Z directions is obtained; the amplitude target value is used to evaluate whether the tire NVH selection meets the standard; The method for obtaining the wheel center force load spectrum of the competitor's tire includes: S101, obtaining wheel center vibration response data and wheel center transfer function of a competing vehicle; Four tires to be selected are installed on a competing vehicle, and three-way vibration sensors are arranged at more than four measuring points on the steering knuckle or joint head of the wheel center of each tire to be selected. The method for selecting the positions of the three-way vibration sensors includes: (1) Arrange the measuring points at the steering knuckle or joint head and nearby, and select the edge position points away from the wheel center; (2) Select a location with greater rigidity and suitable for installation; (3) Ensure that any four measuring points are not coplanar; S102, calculating and obtaining a wheel center force load spectrum according to the obtained wheel center vibration response data and wheel center transfer function; The target amplitude value of the wheel center force load spectrum of the tire of the model to be developed in the set range of the X / Y / Z direction is μ+3σ; The setting interval is set according to the peak frequency characteristics of the wheel center force load spectrum; In step S102, the calculation method for obtaining the wheel center force load spectrum includes: ； Where: [G f ] m×m : wheel center force load spectrum to be obtained; :means [H] m×n The generalized inverse matrix of ; : wheel center transfer function matrix, i.e., the transfer function from each degree of freedom of each wheel center to the measuring point obtained in step S101; :means [H] n×m The transposed conjugate matrix of the generalized inverse matrix of ; [G b ] n×n : represents the response spectrum matrix of the wheel center acceleration measurement point, that is, the wheel center vibration response data obtained in step S101; m: represents the number of road input forces on all wheel centers of the vehicle; n: Calibrated value greater than 2m.

2. The tire NVH selection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Methods for obtaining the generalized inverse matrix of the wheel center transfer function matrix include: ; Where, [V] m×m : is an orthogonal matrix; [σ] n×m : is a diagonal matrix; [1 / σ] n×m : is [σ] n×m The reciprocal of : is the transposed conjugate matrix of the orthogonal matrix.

3. A tire NVH selection system using the tire NVH selection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes a wheel center force calculation module and a wheel center force problem identification module; The wheel center force calculation module is used to calculate the wheel center force load spectrum according to the noise and vibration data; The wheel center force problem identification module is used to determine whether the tire NVH selection of the same vehicle model meets the standard based on the obtained wheel center force load spectrum.

4. The tire NVH selection system according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a wheel center vibration response data acquisition module, which is used to acquire wheel center vibration response data; the wheel center vibration response data is used to calculate the wheel center force load spectrum.

5. The tire NVH selection system according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a wheel center transfer function acquisition module, which is used to acquire the wheel center transfer function, and the wheel center transfer function is used to calculate the wheel center force load spectrum.

6. The tire NVH selection system according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a data acquisition module for collecting noise and vibration data under road noise conditions; The method for collecting noise and vibration data under road noise conditions includes: selecting more than 4 measuring points on the steering knuckle or joint head of each wheel center of the tire to be selected to arrange three-way vibration sensors, wherein the method for selecting the points for arranging the three-way vibration sensors includes: (1) Arrange the measuring points at the steering knuckle or joint head and nearby, and select the edge position points away from the wheel center; (2) Select a location with greater rigidity and suitable for installation; (3) Ensure that any four measuring points are not coplanar.

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