A universal CO 2 Electrocatalytic fault diagnosis system

Abstract

The present invention relates to a universal CO2 electrocatalytic fault diagnosis system, comprising an anode module, a reduction stack module, a cathode module, a fault monitoring and controller, a stack monitoring module and a sensor. The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention can automatically monitor the data during the operation of the equipment, after establishing a complete standard database and a fault analysis model, the fault type can be judged according to the monitored data, and a corresponding solution can be given to achieve accurate positioning of the fault and safety protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to CO 2 The field of electrocatalytic conversion, more precisely, it concerns a universal CO 2 Electrocatalytic fault diagnosis system. Background Art

[0002] When fossil fuels are burned, they emit CO into the atmosphere. 2 Greenhouse gases: With the acceleration of industrialization, human consumption of fossil fuels has further increased, and CO 2 Emissions have a serious impact on the global climate and ecological environment. 2 It is the main raw material for photosynthesis in plants and can also be used as a future "carbon source" to replace fossil fuels such as oil and natural gas. Therefore, it is necessary to develop renewable energy conversion technology to convert CO2 into CO2 through catalytic conversion technologies such as photocatalysis and electrocatalysis. 2 Converting to hydrocarbon fuels is a way to reduce CO 2 It is an important way to reduce emissions and mitigate the greenhouse effect, and is also of great significance to achieving the national strategic goals of "carbon peak and carbon neutrality".

[0003] Electrocatalytic CO generation using renewable energy as an energy source 2 Reduction technology is one of the main strategies to achieve the recycling of carbon resources. At the same time, storing intermittent clean energy in carbon-based fuels has broad application prospects in the future. 2 The main products of reduction can be divided into three types of catalytic systems, including two systems based on CO or HCOOH and systems based on deep reduction products such as C 2 H 4 , C 2 H 5 OH, CH 3 The latest technical and economic analysis shows that CO 2 The electrocatalytic conversion system into CO and HCOOH has begun to have economic benefits. The electrocatalytic small-scale and pilot-scale devices developed for these two systems have also been reported one after another. Optimizing and improving such devices has become a major issue in improving CO 2 Important direction for electrocatalytic performance.

[0004] Most of the current literature reports are about devices developed for small-scale experiments. The main research focuses on the development of high-performance catalysts, optimization of reaction conditions and membrane electrode development. When the device is running and failure occurs, it is operated and judged manually. This method relies on the experience of the operator and is not conducive to the scientific and automated management of the subsequent device after further expansion. In the long-term operation process, the safety of the equipment is exposed to certain hidden dangers due to reasons such as material aging, equipment or accessories failure, etc. Accurately judging the root cause of the failure and taking timely countermeasures are the prerequisites for ensuring the sustainable operation of the equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to design a control system to accurately judge the source of the failure and provide countermeasures that match the failure, so as to achieve accurate positioning and safety protection of the failure. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a universal CO 2 Electrocatalytic fault diagnosis system.

[0006] In the first aspect, a general CO 2 Electrocatalytic fault diagnosis system, including: anode module, reduction stack module, cathode module, fault monitoring and controller, stack monitoring module and sensor;

[0007] Wherein, the anode module includes a first gas-liquid separation unit, a first pump system, an anode liquid storage tank, a second pump system, a first drying system and an oxygen storage tank; the liquid outlet end of the first gas-liquid separation unit is connected to the first pump system, the anode liquid storage tank and the second pump system in sequence; the gas outlet end of the first gas-liquid separation unit is connected to the first drying system and the oxygen storage tank in sequence; the reduction stack module includes a DC power supply and a stack; the stack includes an anode module stack inlet, an anode module stack outlet, a cathode module stack inlet and a cathode module stack outlet; the anode module stack inlet is connected to the second pump system, and the anode module stack outlet is connected to the inlet of the first gas-liquid separation unit; the cathode module includes a gas flow meter, a gas source, a check valve, a first back pressure valve, a second gas-liquid separation unit, an acidification treatment unit, a liquid product separation unit, a second drying system, a gas product separation unit, CO 2 Absorption tank, CO 2 regeneration unit and a second back pressure valve; the gas source is connected to the cathode module stack inlet through the gas flow meter; the cathode module stack outlet is sequentially connected to the check valve, the first back pressure valve and the second gas-liquid separation unit; the liquid outlet end of the second gas-liquid separation unit is sequentially connected to the acidification treatment unit and the liquid product separation unit, and the gas outlet end of the second gas-liquid separation unit is sequentially connected to the CO 2 The absorption tank, the second drying system and the gas phase product separation unit are connected; the CO 2The absorption tank passes the CO 2 The regeneration unit and the second back pressure valve are connected to the gas source;

[0008] The stack monitoring module and the sensor are both connected to the fault monitoring and controller, and the stack monitoring module is also connected to the reduction stack module.

[0009] Preferably, the sensor comprises: a first temperature sensor, a first CO 2 Sensor, H 2 Sensor, First O 2 sensor, a first humidity sensor, a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, a third pressure sensor, a second CO 2 Sensor, Second O 2 sensor, fourth pressure sensor, second humidity sensor, third CO 2 Sensor, fourth CO 2 sensor, a third humidity sensor and a fourth humidity sensor; wherein the first temperature sensor is located in the reduction stack module; the first CO 2 Sensor, H 2 Sensors and First O 2 The sensor is located at the outlet of the anode module stack; the first pressure sensor is located between the second pump system and the inlet of the anode module stack; the second pressure sensor is located between the first pump system and the anode liquid storage tank; the first humidity sensor and the third pressure sensor are located between the gas flow meter and the inlet of the cathode module stack; the second CO 2 Sensor, Second O 2 The sensor, the fourth pressure sensor, and the second humidity sensor are located at the cathode module stack outlet; the third CO 2 The sensor is located in the CO 2 between the regeneration unit and the second back pressure valve; the fourth CO 2 The sensor is located in the CO 2 The absorption tank and the second drying system; the third humidity sensor is located between the second drying system and the gas phase product separation unit; the fourth humidity sensor is located between the first drying system and the oxygen storage tank.

[0010] In the second aspect, a universal CO as described in the first aspect is provided. 2 The method of using the electrocatalytic fault diagnosis system includes:

[0011] S1. Obtain CO 2 Normal operation data of electrocatalytic system, establishment of benchmark test database and fault analysis model;

[0012] S2. Monitor the current CO 2The electrocatalytic system operation data is compared with the benchmark test experiment database, and the monitoring data is input into the fault analysis model;

[0013] S3. Identify CO 2 Whether the electrocatalytic system has any faults, and if so, take appropriate measures according to the type of fault;

[0014] S4. Re-run CO 2 The electrocatalytic system compares the newly monitored data with the benchmark test experiment database to verify whether the fault has been cleared.

[0015] Preferably, in S3, the fault analysis model determines the corresponding fault type according to the status of the battery stack monitoring module and the sensor, and the status includes a normal state and an abnormal state.

[0016] Preferably, in S3, the stack monitoring module and the second CO 2 When the sensor shows an abnormal state and the other sensors show a normal state, the fault analysis model determines that the fault type is fault type 1: deactivation or shedding of the cathode catalyst;

[0017] Stack monitoring module and first O 2 When the sensor shows an abnormal state and the other sensors show a normal state, the fault analysis model determines that the fault type is fault type 2: anode catalyst deactivation or shedding;

[0018] Stack monitoring module, first CO 2 Sensor, H 2 Sensor, First O 2 Sensor, second CO 2 Sensor, Second O 2 When the sensor, the fourth pressure sensor, and the second humidity sensor show abnormal conditions, and the remaining sensors show normal conditions, the fault analysis model determines that the fault type is fault type three: ion exchange membrane rupture;

[0019] Stack monitoring module, second CO 2 When the sensor and the second humidity sensor show abnormal status and the other sensors show normal status, the fault analysis model determines that the fault type is fault type 4: the cathode carbon paper is flooded;

[0020] When any of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor or the third pressure sensor displays an abnormal state, and the stack monitoring module and the other sensors display a normal state, the fault analysis model determines that the fault type is fault type five: a pump system or a gas flow meter fails;

[0021] Third CO 2 Sensor or fourth CO 2When the sensor shows an abnormal state, and the stack monitoring module and other sensors show a normal state, the fault analysis model determines that the fault type is fault type 6: CO 2 Absorption tank or CO 2 Regeneration unit to treat CO 2 Decreased efficiency;

[0022] Stack monitoring module, first temperature sensor, first O 2 Sensor, second CO 2 When the sensor shows an abnormal state and the other sensors show a normal state, the fault analysis model determines that the fault type is fault type seven: a short circuit occurs inside the battery stack system;

[0023] When the third humidity sensor or the fourth humidity sensor shows an abnormal state, and the stack monitoring module and other sensors show a normal state, the fault analysis model determines that the fault type is fault type eight: the drying efficiency of the drying system decreases;

[0024] When the sensors display abnormal status in other combinations, the fault analysis model determines the fault type as: other faults.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention can automatically monitor the data during the operation of the equipment. After establishing a complete standard database and fault analysis model, the fault type can be judged according to the monitored data, and corresponding solutions can be given to achieve accurate positioning of the fault and safety protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a universal CO2 / CO electrocatalytic device;

[0027] Figure 2 A general-purpose CO 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the electrocatalytic fault diagnosis system;

[0028] Figure 3 For general purpose CO 2 Fault diagnosis flow chart of electrocatalytic fault diagnosis system;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram for fault analysis;

[0030] Description of reference numerals: stack monitoring module 1, first temperature sensor 2, first pressure sensor 3, first CO 2 Sensor 4, H 2 Sensor 5, first O 2 sensor 6, second pressure sensor 7, first humidity sensor 8, third pressure sensor 9, second CO 2 Sensor 10, second O 2sensor 11, fourth pressure sensor 12, second humidity sensor 13, third CO 2 Sensor 14, fourth CO 2 Sensor 15 , third humidity sensor 16 , fourth humidity sensor 17 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments. The description of the following embodiments is only used to help understand the present invention. It should be noted that for ordinary persons in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, the present invention can also be modified in some ways, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

[0032] Embodiment 1:

[0033] A universal CO 2 Electrocatalytic fault diagnosis system, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: an anode module, a reduction stack module, a cathode module, a fault monitoring and controller, a stack monitoring module 1 and a sensor;

[0034] The anode module includes a first gas-liquid separation unit, a first pump system, an anode liquid storage tank, a second pump system, a first drying system and an oxygen storage tank; the liquid outlet of the first gas-liquid separation unit is connected to the first pump system, the anode liquid storage tank and the second pump system in sequence; the gas outlet of the first gas-liquid separation unit is connected to the first drying system and the oxygen storage tank in sequence; the reduction stack module includes a DC power supply and a stack; the stack includes an anode module stack inlet, an anode module stack outlet, a cathode module stack inlet and a cathode module stack outlet; the anode module stack inlet is connected to the second pump system, and the anode module stack outlet is connected to the inlet of the first gas-liquid separation unit; the cathode module includes a gas flow meter, a gas source, a check valve, a first back pressure valve, a second gas-liquid separation unit, an acidification treatment unit, a liquid product separation unit, a second drying system, a gas product separation unit, a CO 2 Absorption tank, CO 2 regeneration unit and the second back pressure valve; the gas source is connected to the cathode module stack inlet through a gas flow meter; the cathode module stack outlet is connected to the check valve, the first back pressure valve and the second gas-liquid separation unit in sequence; the liquid outlet end of the second gas-liquid separation unit is connected to the acidification treatment unit and the liquid product separation unit in sequence, and the gas outlet end of the second gas-liquid separation unit is connected to the CO 2 The absorption tank, the second drying system and the gas phase product separation unit are connected; CO 2 The absorption tank passes CO 2 The regeneration unit and the second back pressure valve are connected to the gas source;

[0035] The stack monitoring module 1 and the sensor are both connected to the fault monitoring and controller, and the stack monitoring module 1 is also connected to the reduction stack module.

[0036] The main purpose of adding an acidification treatment unit below the second gas-liquid separation unit is to adjust the pH value of the liquid product to make it in an acidic environment. This is because the liquid product is usually in a CO 2 Saturated state, under which the solution is weakly alkaline. Products such as formic acid and acetic acid mainly exist in the form of formate and acetate under weakly alkaline conditions, which is not conducive to the subsequent product separation. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the pH value of the solution through acidification treatment to convert formate and acetate into formic acid and acetic acid. The acidification treatment unit can reduce the pH value by adding hydrochloric acid.

[0037] A check valve and a first back pressure valve are added between the cathode module stack outlet and the second gas-liquid separation unit, so that the stack products accumulate to a certain extent, and the first back pressure valve is opened by increasing the gas pressure to enter between the second gas-liquid separation unit. The check valve is used to prevent the product from flowing back. This is because in the early stage of the stack operation, due to the small accumulation of products, the products may adhere to the cavity wall and are not enough to reach the separation device for separation. In addition, due to the small accumulation in the early stage, starting separation at this time may increase the operating cost of the device; during the stable operation of the stack, the amount of products remains basically constant, and the first back pressure valve can also be used to separate and circulate the products when they accumulate to a certain stage, further reducing the cost of online post-processing.

[0038] Furthermore, in CO 2 Regeneration unit and CO 2 A second back pressure valve is set between the gas sources. 2 A certain amount of CO accumulates in the regeneration unit 2 Then, CO was introduced at a constant pressure. 2 If there is no second back pressure valve in the gas source, due to CO 2 The influence of the power stability of the fuel cell and the gas-liquid separation efficiency, CO 2 Regeneration unit and CO 2 The gas source confluence ratio needs to be adjusted at any time, and a specific back pressure valve can make CO 2 The gas source is fed into the CO at a fixed ratio 2 Gas source, no need to adjust the valve opening every time.

[0039] For all CO 2 Electrocatalytic reduction system, DC power supply, CO 2 Reduction stack, anode liquid storage tank, first gas-liquid separation unit of anode module, CO 2 Gas source, gas flow meter, CO 2 Absorption tank, CO 2 The regeneration unit and pump system are both essential units. The second gas-liquid separation unit and drying system of the cathode module can meet the existing three CO 2The product separation requirements of the electrocatalytic system can be realized by selecting the matching gas-liquid separation unit and / or the specific separation unit in the drying system through simple valve operation according to different catalyst systems to achieve the corresponding post-processing.

[0040] In the working state, water electrocatalytic oxidation is used to produce oxygen as the anode reaction. The anode liquid storage tank usually stores electrolyte aqueous solution. Under the action of the second pump system, the aqueous solution is transported to the anode of the fuel cell stack. The substances at the reaction outlet include product oxygen and aqueous solution. After the mixture passes through the first gas-liquid separation unit, the liquid aqueous solution can be returned to the anode liquid storage tank for recycling under the action of the first pump system. The gas product oxygen first passes through the drying system to dry the water vapor and then is stored in the product storage tank. CO 2 When the electrocatalytic reduction reaction is used as the cathode reaction, the gas flow meter controls the CO entering the stack. 2 Flow value, CO 2 After entering the reactor at a certain flow rate, the corresponding electrocatalytic reaction occurs, and the corresponding products and unreacted CO 2 The mixture enters the second gas-liquid separation unit through the outlet, the liquid phase mixture enters the liquid phase separation unit, and the gas phase mixture enters the CO 2 The absorption tank absorbs the unreacted CO 2 , the remaining gas mixture enters the gas phase separation unit.

[0041] In order to continuously and accurately identify the fault type and analyze the status and operation of each component of the electrocatalytic device, it is necessary to install sensors and system controllers at the corresponding positions of the equipment to display the operation status of the device and remind the operator when the equipment fails or has potential risks. According to the corresponding fault type, reasonable protection measures can be taken to ensure the stable and efficient operation of the electrocatalytic system and the personal safety of the operator. Sensor types include humidity sensors, CO 2 Sensor, O 2 Sensor, H 2 Sensors, pressure sensors and temperature sensors, as well as a stack monitoring module for monitoring the voltage and current information of the stack and each single cell in the stack, are all connected to the system controller to realize the function of online monitoring.

[0042] The installation locations of the sensors and monitors are as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the sensor includes: a first temperature sensor 2, a first CO 2 Sensor 4, H 2 Sensor 5, first O 2 sensor 6, first humidity sensor 8, first pressure sensor 3, second pressure sensor 7, third pressure sensor 9, second CO 2 Sensor 10, second O 2sensor 11, fourth pressure sensor 12, second humidity sensor 13, third CO 2 Sensor 14, fourth CO 2 sensor 15, a third humidity sensor 16 and a fourth humidity sensor 17; wherein the first temperature sensor 2 is located in the reduction stack module; the first CO 2 Sensor 4, H 2 Sensor 5 and the first O 2 The sensor 6 is located at the outlet of the anode module stack; the first pressure sensor 3 is located between the second pump system and the inlet of the anode module stack; the second pressure sensor 7 is located between the first pump system and the anode liquid storage tank; the first humidity sensor 8 and the third pressure sensor 9 are located between the gas flow meter and the inlet of the cathode module stack; the second CO 2 Sensor 10, second O 2 The sensor 11, the fourth pressure sensor 12, and the second humidity sensor 13 are located at the cathode module stack outlet; the third CO 2 Sensor 14 is located at the CO 2 Between the regeneration unit and the second back pressure valve; the fourth CO 2 Sensor 15 is located at the CO 2 The third humidity sensor 16 is located between the second drying system and the gas phase product separation unit; the fourth humidity sensor 17 is located between the first drying system and the oxygen storage tank. In addition, an auxiliary potentiometer channel is installed in each cell in the stack to monitor the current or voltage changes of each cell.

[0043] Embodiment 2:

[0044] A universal CO 2 Methods of using the electrocatalytic fault diagnosis system, such as Figure 3 As shown, including:

[0045] S1. Obtain CO 2 Normal operation data of electrocatalytic system, establishment of benchmark test database and fault analysis model;

[0046] S2. Monitor the current CO 2 The electrocatalytic system operation data is compared with the benchmark test experiment database, and the monitoring data is input into the fault analysis model;

[0047] S3. Identify CO 2 Whether the electrocatalytic system has any faults, and if so, take appropriate measures according to the type of fault;

[0048] S4. Re-run CO 2 The electrocatalytic system compares the newly monitored data with the benchmark test experiment database to verify whether the fault has been cleared.

[0049] In S1, before the equipment is put into production, it is necessary to establish a complete benchmark test database and fault analysis model. The establishment of the benchmark test database depends on the normal operation of each link in the equipment and the adoption of scientific experimental methods to obtain standard data. The method to be adopted for establishing the benchmark database of this patent is: under the premise of normal operation of the device, record the data of each sensor within 24 hours, the current of the battery stack and each single cell in the battery stack under constant potential conditions or the voltage of the battery stack and each single cell in the battery stack under constant current conditions. The data change curve over time and the instrument parameters of each equipment under current conditions (including pump flow, CO 2 gas flow, electrolysis voltage or current).

[0050] In S3, the fault analysis model determines the corresponding fault type according to the status of the stack monitoring module 1 and the sensor, such as Figure 4 As shown, ①~ represent Figure 2 The status of each monitor and sensor displayed in the table includes normal status and abnormal status. The abnormal status means that the reading of the sensor or monitor deviates from the preset reference value to a certain extent and for a certain period of time. The normal status means that the reading of the sensor or monitor is within a certain range from the preset reference value, which is defined as no obvious deviation. The specific degree and time of deviation from the preset value can be adjusted according to the fault tolerance test of the specific application scenario. For example, the deviation value in indoor or closed scenes is not higher than 5%, and the deviation time is not higher than 5 minutes. The deviation value in outdoor scenes is not higher than 15%, and the deviation time is not higher than 15 minutes.

[0051] Specifically, the stack monitoring module 1 and the second CO 2 When sensor 10 shows an abnormal state and the other sensors show a normal state, the fault analysis model determines that the fault type is fault type 1: deactivation or shedding of the cathode catalyst;

[0052] The stack monitoring module 1 and the first O 2 When sensor 6 shows an abnormal state and the other sensors show a normal state, the fault analysis model determines that the fault type is fault type 2: anode catalyst deactivation or shedding;

[0053] Stack monitoring module 1, first CO 2 Sensor 4, H 2 Sensor 5, first O 2 Sensor 6, second CO 2 Sensor 10, second O 2 When the sensor 11, the fourth pressure sensor 12, and the second humidity sensor 13 show abnormal conditions, and the remaining sensors show normal conditions, the fault analysis model determines that the fault type is fault type three: ion exchange membrane rupture;

[0054] Stack monitoring module 1, second CO 2 When the sensor 10 and the second humidity sensor 13 show abnormal status and the other sensors show normal status, the fault analysis model determines that the fault type is fault type 4: the cathode carbon paper is flooded;

[0055] When any of the first pressure sensor 3, the second pressure sensor 7 or the third pressure sensor 9 shows an abnormal state, and the stack monitoring module 1 and the other sensors show a normal state, the fault analysis model determines that the fault type is fault type five: the pump system or the gas flow meter fails;

[0056] Third CO 2 Sensor 14 or fourth CO 2 When sensor 15 shows abnormal status and stack monitoring module 1 and other sensors show normal status, the fault analysis model determines that the fault type is fault type 6: CO 2 Absorption tank or CO 2 Regeneration unit to treat CO 2 Decreased efficiency;

[0057] Stack monitoring module 1, first temperature sensor 2, first O 2 Sensor 6, second CO 2 When sensor 10 shows an abnormal state and the other sensors show a normal state, the fault analysis model determines that the fault type is fault type seven: a short circuit occurs inside the battery stack system;

[0058] When the third humidity sensor 16 or the fourth humidity sensor 17 shows an abnormal state, and the stack monitoring module 1 and the other sensors show a normal state, the fault analysis model determines that the fault type is fault type eight: the drying efficiency of the drying system decreases;

[0059] When the sensors display abnormal status in other combinations, the fault analysis model determines the fault type as: other faults.

[0060] Embodiment 3:

[0061] CO 2 The cathode of the battery uses Ag nanoparticles as a catalyst, and the main products are CO and H 2 The anode of the battery stack uses IrO 2 Nanoparticles are used as catalysts, and the main product is O 2The stack consists of 10 single-cell reactors stacked together, the voltage is set to 30V, the gas flowmeter is 20sccm, and the pump system flow is 10mL / min. Start the system and run it continuously for 24 hours. Under the premise of ensuring the stability of each indication, record the voltage and current of each stack and the indication of each sensor and take the average value as the benchmark data. Set the indication of each sensor and monitor to deviate from the average value by ±10% for 5 minutes to start reporting a fault.

[0062] Continue to operate the battery stack system. If there is no alarm in the fault system, the system will operate normally.

[0063] When ①⑩ shows "abnormal", and other sensors and monitors show "normal", the system automatically reports fault type 1: cathode catalyst deactivation / falling off. Then, according to the type of system fault, shut down the system, find out the location of catalyst deactivation / falling off and replace it or optimize the catalyst configuration process. After replacement, the system instrument is normal, the fault is eliminated and the system is restarted.

[0064] When ①⑥ displays "abnormal" and other sensors and monitors display "normal", the system automatically reports fault type 2: anode catalyst deactivation / shedding. According to the system fault type, shut down the system, find out the location of catalyst deactivation / shedding and replace it or optimize the catalyst configuration process. After replacement, the system instrument is normal, the fault is eliminated and the system is restarted.

[0065] When ①④⑤⑥⑩ is detected If the display shows "abnormal", and other sensors and monitors show "normal", the system automatically reports fault type three: ion exchange membrane rupture. Then shut down the system, find out the location of the ruptured ion exchange membrane in the stack, analyze the cause, optimize the existing process and membrane materials, and restart the system after replacement. If all parameters show normal, the fault is eliminated.

[0066] When ①⑩ is detected Display "abnormal", other sensors and monitors display "normal", the system automatically reports fault type 4: cathode carbon paper is flooded. Shut down the system according to the system fault type, find out where the carbon paper is flooded and replace it or choose carbon paper with stronger hydrophobic function. After replacement, all parameters display normal, then the fault is eliminated and the system is running again.

[0067] When it is detected that ③ / ⑦ / ⑨ displays "abnormal" and other sensors and monitors display "normal", the system automatically reports fault type five: pump system or gas flow meter failure. According to the specific location of the pressure sensor, determine which position of the pump system or gas flow meter is faulty, then shut down the system, repair or replace the instrument, and restart the system. If all parameters display normal, the fault can be eliminated and the system can be put into operation again.

[0068] When detected Display "abnormal", other sensors and monitors display "normal", the system automatically reports fault type 6: CO 2 Absorption tank or CO 2 Regeneration unit to treat CO 2 Efficiency decreases. According to CO 2 The location of the sensor determines whether the absorption tank or the regeneration unit is treating CO 2 The efficiency drops, then shut down the system, find out the problem in the absorption tank or regeneration unit and solve it. After restarting the system, all parameters show normal, then the fault is eliminated.

[0069] When ①②⑥⑩ show "abnormal" and other sensors and detectors show "normal", the system automatically reports fault type seven: short circuit in the battery stack system. Then shut down the system, find out the location and cause of the short circuit in the battery stack, replace the problematic material, and then restart the system. If all instrument parameters show normal, the fault can be eliminated and the system continues to operate.

[0070] When detected Display "abnormal", other sensors and detectors display "normal", the system automatically reports fault type eight: drying efficiency of the drying system decreases. Shut down the system, replace the new desiccant, and then restart the system. All instrument parameters display normal, so the fault can be eliminated and the system continues to operate.

[0071] When the detection sensor shows "abnormality" in other combinations, the system automatically reports the fault type as "other fault". For safety reasons, the system is immediately shut down, and the corresponding faults are gradually checked according to the specific combination. The corresponding components are repaired according to the fault type, and then the system is restarted. The parameters of each instrument are displayed as normal, the fault can be eliminated, and the system continues to run.

Claims

1. A universal CO2 electrocatalytic fault diagnosis system, characterized in that: include: Anode module, reduction stack module, cathode module, fault monitoring and controller, stack monitoring module (1) and sensor; Wherein, the anode module includes a first gas-liquid separation unit, a first pump system, an anode liquid storage tank, a second pump system, a first drying system and an oxygen storage tank; the liquid outlet end of the first gas-liquid separation unit is connected to the first pump system, the anode liquid storage tank and the second pump system in sequence; the gas outlet end of the first gas-liquid separation unit is connected to the first drying system and the oxygen storage tank in sequence; the reduction stack module includes a DC power supply and a stack; the stack includes an anode module stack inlet, an anode module stack outlet, a cathode module stack inlet and a cathode module stack outlet; the anode module stack inlet is connected to the second pump system, and the anode module stack outlet is connected to the inlet of the first gas-liquid separation unit; the cathode module includes a gas flow meter, a gas source, a check valve, a first back pressure valve, a second gas-liquid separation unit, an acidification treatment unit, a liquid product separation unit, a second drying system, a gas product separation unit, a CO2 absorption tank, a CO2 regeneration unit and a second back pressure valve; the gas source is connected to the cathode module stack inlet through the gas flow meter ; The cathode module stack outlet is connected to the check valve, the first back pressure valve and the second gas-liquid separation unit in sequence; the liquid outlet end of the second gas-liquid separation unit is connected to the acidification treatment unit and the liquid product separation unit in sequence, and the gas outlet end of the second gas-liquid separation unit is connected to the CO2 absorption tank, the second drying system and the gas product separation unit in sequence; the CO2 absorption tank is connected to the gas source through the CO2 regeneration unit and the second back pressure valve; the sensor includes: a first temperature sensor (2), a first CO2 sensor (4), a H2 sensor (5), a first O2 sensor (6), a first humidity sensor (8), a first pressure sensor (3), a second pressure sensor (7), a third pressure sensor (9), a second CO2 sensor (10), a second O2 sensor (11), a fourth pressure sensor (12), a second humidity sensor (13), a third CO2 sensor (14), a fourth CO2 sensor (15), a third humidity sensor (16) and a fourth humidity sensor (17); wherein the first temperature sensor (2) is located in the reduction stack module; the first CO2 sensor (4), the H2 sensor (5) and the first O2 sensor (6) are located at the outlet of the anode module stack; the first pressure sensor (3) is located between the second pump system and the inlet of the anode module stack; the second pressure sensor (7) is located between the first pump system and the anode liquid storage tank; the first humidity sensor (8) and the third pressure sensor (9) are located between the gas flow meter and the inlet of the cathode module stack; the second CO2 sensor (10), the second O2 sensor (11), the fourth pressure sensor (12) and the second humidity sensor (13) are located at the outlet of the cathode module stack; the third CO2 sensor (14) is located between the CO2 regeneration unit and the second back pressure valve; the fourth CO2 sensor (15) is located between the CO2 absorption tank and the second drying system; the third humidity sensor (16) is located between the second drying system and the gas phase product separation unit; the fourth humidity sensor (17) is located between the first drying system and the oxygen storage tank The stack monitoring module (1) and the sensor are both connected to the fault monitoring and controller, and the stack monitoring module (1) is also connected to the reduction stack module.

2. A method for using the universal CO2 electrocatalytic fault diagnosis system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: include: S1. Obtain normal operation data of the CO2 electrocatalytic system and establish a benchmark test database and fault analysis model; S2, monitoring the current CO2 electrocatalytic system operation data, comparing it with the benchmark test experiment database, and inputting the monitoring data into the fault analysis model; S3, identifying whether the CO2 electrocatalytic system has a fault, and if so, taking appropriate measures according to the fault type; S4. Re-run the CO2 electrocatalytic system and compare the newly monitored data with the benchmark test experiment database to verify whether the fault has been cleared.

3. The method for using the universal CO2 electrocatalytic fault diagnosis system according to claim 2, characterized in that: In S3, the fault analysis model determines the corresponding fault type according to the status of the stack monitoring module (1) and the sensor, wherein the status includes a normal state and an abnormal state.

4. The method for using the universal CO2 electrocatalytic fault diagnosis system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In S3, when the stack monitoring module (1) and the second CO2 sensor (10) show abnormal conditions and the other sensors show normal conditions, the fault analysis model determines that the fault type is fault type 1: deactivation or detachment of the cathode catalyst; When the stack monitoring module (1) and the first O2 sensor (6) show abnormal conditions and the other sensors show normal conditions, the fault analysis model determines that the fault type is fault type 2: deactivation or detachment of the anode catalyst; When the stack monitoring module (1), the first CO2 sensor (4), the H2 sensor (5), the first O2 sensor (6), the second CO2 sensor (10), the second O2 sensor (11), the fourth pressure sensor (12), and the second humidity sensor (13) display abnormal conditions, and the remaining sensors display normal conditions, the fault analysis model determines that the fault type is fault type three: ion exchange membrane rupture; When the stack monitoring module (1), the second CO2 sensor (10), and the second humidity sensor (13) display abnormal conditions, and the remaining sensors display normal conditions, the fault analysis model determines that the fault type is fault type 4: the cathode carbon paper is flooded; When any one of the first pressure sensor (3), the second pressure sensor (7) or the third pressure sensor (9) displays an abnormal state, and the stack monitoring module (1) and the other sensors display a normal state, the fault analysis model determines that the fault type is fault type five: a pump system or a gas flow meter fails; When the third CO2 sensor (14) or the fourth CO2 sensor (15) displays an abnormal state, and the stack monitoring module (1) and the other sensors display a normal state, the fault analysis model determines that the fault type is fault type six: the CO2 absorption tank or the CO2 regeneration unit has a reduced efficiency in processing CO2; When the stack monitoring module (1), the first temperature sensor (2), the first O2 sensor (6), and the second CO2 sensor (10) display abnormal conditions, and the remaining sensors display normal conditions, the fault analysis model determines that the fault type is fault type seven: a short circuit occurs inside the stack system; When the third humidity sensor (16) or the fourth humidity sensor (17) displays an abnormal state, and the stack monitoring module (1) and the other sensors display a normal state, the fault analysis model determines that the fault type is fault type eight: the drying efficiency of the drying system decreases; When the sensors display abnormal status in other combinations, the fault analysis model determines the fault type as: other faults.

Images