Ion accelerator standard power supply and standardization method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to an ion accelerator standardized power supply and a standardized method thereof, which comprises a cabinet, at least one main controller, at least one machine box and at least one standard module unit; each machine box is arranged in a vertical direction and stacked in the cabinet; at least one standard function module is arranged side by side in each machine box; each standard function module is arranged in the machine box in a hot-pluggable manner, connected with a backboard through a self-defined standard connector and controlled by the main controller; the power supply unifies different types of power supply technical solutions in the field of ion accelerators, has unified and flexible structures, realizes different types and different specifications of accelerator excitation power supplies by changing or combining the standard function modules in the machine box. The application improves the efficiency of ion accelerator power supply design, processing, operation and maintenance, simplifies and unifies the production process, shortens the production cycle, saves the labor cost and the production cost. The application can be widely applied to the field of ion accelerators.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to an ion accelerator standardized power supply and a standardized method thereof, and belongs to the field of ion accelerators. BACKGROUND

[0002] An ion accelerator is an acceleration device that uses high-frequency electric fields to accelerate ions in a certain straight line or circular orbit. The ion accelerator makes charged particles move linearly or periodically in a magnetic field and continuously accelerates in an electric field, so that the ions reach a very high speed. In order to constrain these ions in a certain orbit, a magnetic field is generated by a number of magnet power supplies to generate excitation current to provide a certain running track for the beam. Some ion accelerators require the magnetic field generated by the magnet power supply to be constant or to change rapidly according to a certain law. In some cases, a voltage source is also required, such as a power source, an electrostatic deflection plate, etc. From the type, these power supplies can be basically divided into voltage sources and current sources. The current source is further divided into constant current sources and pulse power sources. The constant current source generates a constant magnetic field, and the pulse power source can generate a magnetic field that changes according to a law. Generally speaking, a large ion accelerator usually consists of several tens of specifications of power supply, which can be divided into voltage sources and current sources according to the output; divided into direct current power supply and pulse power supply according to the output state; divided into high voltage power supply and low voltage power supply according to the voltage; and divided into conventional power supply and superconducting power supply according to superconductivity. The accelerator magnet power supply is also the most common current source of the accelerator. Due to the different functions of the power supply in the accelerator system, the types and specifications are various, the circuit structure is complex, and the high index is the characteristics of the accelerator power supply.

[0003] Compared with the general constant current power supply, the accelerator power supply has many specifications and high indexes. The current stability of the magnet power supply is generally not more than 100 ppm, which is at least one order of magnitude higher than that of the general power supply. The main circuit, control circuit and auxiliary circuit of the accelerator power supply of numerous specifications are complex and changeable, and the process structure is numerous, which leads to the need for special manpower in the design, processing, index debugging and other links of the accelerator power supply. The process structure is complex and changeable, and the design, processing, debugging and other links of the power supply are prone to errors, low efficiency and high work intensity. In this way, it takes at least several months to design, process, debug and finally test the performance of an accelerator power supply of a certain specification to reach the standard and be put into production. If multiple specifications of accelerator power supply are required at one time, the production cycle may be longer. This increases the delivery cycle of the accelerator power supply product, and also depends on the accelerator power supply manufacturer. If the manufacturer raises the price or cannot produce the accelerator power supply due to some reason, the manufacturer needs to be redesigned. It can be seen that these problems not only lead to low efficiency of the design, processing and debugging of the accelerator power supply, but also increase the dependence of the accelerator power supply on the manufacturer for long-term supply safety, and increase the dependence of the manufacturer for power supply upgrade and maintenance.

[0004] Due to the complexity and diversity of the accelerator power supply process design and control logic program, the process and technical data of the accelerator power supply produced by one manufacturer cannot be completely mastered by other manufacturers, so the maintenance of the accelerator power supply of one manufacturer usually needs the cooperation of the original manufacturer. For some key accelerator power supplies, the circuit is relatively complex, and the maintenance requires special personnel and repair. The departure and replacement of these personnel also have a great impact on the maintenance of the accelerator power supply. Moreover, if the circuit is not familiar, even the same industry needs to spend a long time to familiarize a complex power supply, and it is less likely to repair in a short period of time. Even some occasions require the accelerator power supply to be unable to shut down for maintenance and ensure continuous uninterrupted operation for several months. The existing accelerator power supply process design cannot meet the requirements of timely repair or non-stop maintenance of the power supply in the accelerator operation and debugging. Similarly, in some cases of the accelerator, the power supply often needs to be upgraded and modified, and the original manufacturer needs to arrange special technical personnel to plan and design the upgrade and modification. It is less likely for other personnel to upgrade and modify the power supply of other manufacturers in a short period of time, which also increases the dependence of the upgrade and modification on the original power supply manufacturer. Such upgrade and modification often costs more.

[0005] With the development of science and technology, the medical ion accelerator, nuclear waste treatment, and isotope production fields have higher requirements for the long-term operation reliability of the new generation of high-power high-current accelerator power supply. The process of the existing accelerator power supply is difficult to meet the requirements of long-term high-reliability operation. The method of increasing the reliability of a single accelerator power supply to improve the reliability of the accelerator power supply system is limited, because all the power supplies of the accelerator power supply system usually need to work in a certain state at the same time to ensure the normal operation of the accelerator, which is equivalent to all the power supplies working in series. Even if one power supply deviates from its set output value, it may sometimes affect the system. We know that the reliability of a series system decreases with the increase of the number of series. In addition, the number of accelerator power supplies is large, usually hundreds or thousands, and each power supply is composed of hundreds or thousands of electronic components. If the accelerator is operated for a long time, it is difficult to avoid the aging, stress, and thermal damage of individual components and other abnormalities, which will cause the power supply to stop, thereby affecting the long-term reliable operation of the accelerator power supply system. The existing accelerator power supply scheme cannot meet the demand of long-term uninterrupted high-reliability operation, and cannot avoid the impact on the operation of the accelerator due to the abnormality of a power supply.

[0006] There are many types of accelerator power supplies, and the most common magnet power supply is a low-voltage large-current constant current source, which generally uses IGBG as a power device. Due to the relatively large loss of the device, the conversion efficiency of the power supply is low. Low conversion efficiency means that more electrical energy is wasted. At the same time, low efficiency puts a lot of pressure on the environmental ventilation and refrigeration system of the power supply and the water cooling system of the power supply, and further increases the consumption of electrical energy. Since the accelerator is generally operated for a long time, in the long run, improving the efficiency of the accelerator power supply can greatly save electrical energy and operating costs. This also conforms to the national energy-saving and emission-reducing policy and is of great significance to the future new generation of high-power strong-current accelerators. Therefore, how to improve the efficiency of the accelerator power supply is an important problem that needs to be considered in the construction of the new generation of accelerators. SUMMARY

[0007] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present application is to provide an ion accelerator standardized power supply and a standardized method thereof, which unifies the structures of ion accelerator power supplies of different types and different specifications, mainly used as magnet power supplies, and also used as power source power supplies and other systems requiring constant voltage and constant current power supplies, and realizes flexibility, universality and unity of ion accelerator power supplies.

[0008] To achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] In the first aspect, the present application provides an ion accelerator standardized power supply, which comprises:

[0010] a cabinet, at least one main controller, at least one machine case and at least one standard module unit;

[0011] Each machine case is arranged in a vertical direction and stacked in the cabinet, at least one standard functional module is arranged side by side in each machine case, and each standard functional module is detachably arranged in the machine case and connected with the backboard through a self-defined standard connector;

[0012] The main controller is arranged in the cabinet and interconnected with each corresponding standard functional module through the backboard via a wiring board, different specifications and different types of accelerator magnet power supplies or accelerator power source power supplies are realized by changing or combining the standard functional modules in each machine case, and parallel connection and redundancy strategy are adopted.

[0013] Further, the types of the accelerator magnet power supply include at least one of a conventional power supply, a superconducting power supply, a direct current power supply, a pulse power supply, a dipole power supply, a quadrupole power supply, a solenoid power supply, a correction power supply and a scanning power supply; and the current output waveform of the pulse power supply includes at least one of a trapezoidal wave, a triangular wave, a sinusoidal wave, a square wave and a self-defined waveform.

[0014] Further, the standard function modules are identical in shape, structure and interface, and each comprises a standard function module body, a module handle arranged at the front end of the standard function module body, and a custom standard connector arranged at the rear end of the standard function module body, and each of the standard function modules is connected in series or in parallel through the custom standard connector.

[0015] The standard function module body is internally provided with a standard voltage module, a standard current module and a energy release module.

[0016] The standard voltage module is used for forming a front-stage voltage required by a magnet power supply, or for increasing the rising or falling speed of an output current, or for forming a constant voltage source with different powers in series or in parallel, or for an accelerator power supply, and the output voltage of the standard voltage module is remotely adjustable.

[0017] The standard current module is used for providing excitation current for a magnet, or for forming an accelerator magnet power supply with different specifications in series or in parallel.

[0018] The energy release module is used for forming a superconducting power supply, and after a quench, the energy of a load and an internal standard power supply is released to realize protection of a circuit.

[0019] Further, the specifications of the standard voltage module include 100V / 50A, 50V / 100A and 25V / 50A, the specifications of the standard current module include ±50A / ±12V, ±100A / ±24V, ±100A / ±50V and ±50A / ±100V, and the specifications of the energy release module include a peak value of 1200V and an energy release of 4.2kJ.

[0020] Further, the custom standard connector comprises a hot plug connector and a non-hot plug connector, the hot plug connector supports hot plug of the standard function module, and the hot plug connector is fully compatible with the non-hot plug connector.

[0021] Further, the standard function modules are divided into two categories according to a preset power threshold, including a first standard function module with a power greater than the preset power threshold and a second standard function module with a power less than the preset power threshold, and the longitudinal dimension of the first standard function module is twice that of the second standard function module, and other dimensions are the same.

[0022] Further, each of the standard function modules is arranged longitudinally side by side or transversely side by side in the cabinet.

[0023] Further, the main controller is connected with a plurality of the standard function modules through a CAN bus and a digital IO line via the wiring board to form an accelerator magnet power supply or an accelerator power supply with different types and different specifications.

[0024] The main controller reads the state of each standard function module through the CAN bus, sets the parameters of each standard function module, and communicates with the local area network through the Ethernet for receiving control information or publishing the state information of each standard function module to the local area network.

[0025] The digital IO line comprises an IO local CAN bus, which is used for realizing digital and analog current sharing among the standard function modules, and realizing master-slave current sharing and inner-outer ring current sharing and inner-outer ring regulation control strategy in cooperation with the main controller.

[0026] Further, at least one water cooling plate is fixedly arranged in the cabinet, and each water cooling plate is tightly connected with the standard function module through a contact surface and connected with an external water supply device through a total water inlet pipe and a total water outlet pipe arranged in the cabinet, and adopts a conduction cooling mode for heat dissipation.

[0027] In the second aspect, the application provides a standardization method of an ion accelerator standard power supply, comprising the following steps:

[0028] The standard function module is correspondingly inserted into the cabinet, connected with the back plate through a self-defined standard connector at the rear end of the standard function module, and connected with the main controller through the wiring board.

[0029] The main controller receives the power supply monitoring signal based on the wiring board, and realizes the accelerator magnet power supply or power source power supply of different types and specifications by changing or combining the standard function modules in each cabinet.

[0030] During the operation of the accelerator power supply, the abnormal conditions are processed in real time according to the received real-time control signal and the collected state signal of the main controller and the standard function module, wherein the real-time control signal comprises a load protection signal, a superconducting loss protection signal, a water cut protection signal and a interlock protection signal.

[0031] Further, the processing of the abnormal conditions comprises the following conditions:

[0032] When an abnormal standard function module appears, the standard function module automatically separates from the series-parallel connection, and the main controller actively or cooperatively changes or combines other online standard function modules, and automatically balances the current or voltage among the standard function modules, so as to reduce the influence on the output of the standard power supply.

[0033] When a new standard function module is inserted or an online normal standard function module is pulled out, the main controller actively or cooperatively changes or combines other online standard function modules, and automatically balances the current or voltage among the online standard function modules.

[0034] When it is detected that the main controller of one power supply in the cabinet is abnormal and cannot monitor the standard function module, the task of the abnormal main controller is taken over by the main controller of another power supply to realize the hot backup between the main controllers of the power supplies.

[0035] Further, the main controller actively or assists in automatically changing or combining other online standard function modules, and automatically balances the current or voltage between the standard function modules, including the following steps:

[0036] The newly inserted and powered standard function module broadcasts a query message to query the set current value or voltage value;

[0037] The standard function module with the lowest address replies with a set current value or voltage value;

[0038] The new standard function module receives the set current value or voltage value as the initial current or voltage setting value;

[0039] Every preset interval, each standard function module broadcasts the output current + power supply state once;

[0040] Each standard function module automatically counts the online standard function modules and calculates the average current or voltage value according to the obtained other function module information, so as to make corresponding adjustment to approximate the set current value or voltage value.

[0041] The ion accelerator standardized power supply provided by the application is an advanced concept, and the core is to solve the special problems of the accelerator power supply by using general, unified and standard technology. The power supply is based on the water-electric separation mode and the self-defined standard connector, and unifies different specifications and different types of power supplies in a flexible combination of standard function modules and main controllers. The power supply unifies most different types of power supply technical solutions in the field of ion accelerators, realizes standardized design, production and maintenance, and has the advantages that the power supply structure is unified and flexible, and the requirements of the accelerator for new specifications and new functions of the power supply can be met by changing or combining the standard function modules; the reliability and availability of the power supply can be effectively controlled and improved through the parallel connection and redundancy strategy of the function modules to meet the new demands of the new generation of accelerators for high-efficiency and high-reliability excitation power supply. The application not only effectively improves the quality of the accelerator power supply, but also improves the conversion efficiency of the power supply, saves energy and reduces emissions, and through standardized technology, more people and manufacturers can produce accelerator power supplies, and the safety of the supply of accelerator power supplies is increased. In addition, the application improves the efficiency of the design, processing, operation and maintenance of the ion accelerator power supply, simplifies and unifies the production process, shortens the production cycle, and saves labor cost and production cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0042] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art, upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are included to provide a description of the preferred embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of the application. Throughout the drawings, the same reference designates similar or corresponding parts. In the drawings:

[0043] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the ion accelerator standardized power supply provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0044] Figures 2a-2b is a structural schematic diagram of the standardized power supply cabinet provided by the embodiments of the present application, and Figure 2a is a 1x8 standardized functional module cabinet structure, Figure 2b is a 1x16 standardized functional module cabinet structure;

[0045] Figures 3a-3b is a schematic diagram of the hot plug module of the standardized power supply provided by the embodiments of the present application, and Figure 3a is a high-power module, Figure 3b is a low-power module;

[0046] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the transverse arrangement of the standardized functional module in the cabinet provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0047] Figure 5 is a control structure diagram of the hot plug module of the standardized power supply provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0048] In the drawings, the reference signs are as follows:

[0049] 1, cabinet; 2, 1x8 cabinet; 3, 1x16 cabinet; 4, 1x6 cabinet; 5, 1x12 cabinet; 6, first main controller; 7, second main controller; 8, standardized functional module; 81, high-power standardized functional module; 82, low-power standardized functional module; 9, module handle; 10, indicator light; 11, mounting screw; 12, panel; 13, water-cooled plate; 14, hot plug connector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0051] It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and / or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0052] The present application first introduces the related content, so that the skilled in the art of the content of the present application is more clear.

[0053] Ion accelerator usually includes hundreds of power supply, power supply main circuit type is various, at the same time, the size of the power supply specification is also different, according to the output type is mainly divided into two categories of direct current power supply and pulse power supply. Different power supply type means different circuit design, which brings a lot of problems to the design, processing, operation and maintenance of the accelerator power supply. For example, the dependence of the manufacturer is high, the production process of the power supply is diversified, which leads to long design and production cycle, some special circuit basically needs special repair, the quality of power supply products cannot be guaranteed, the production cost and labor cost is high, the upgrading and reconstruction is difficult, the reliability and availability of power supply is limited, etc.

[0054] In order to solve these problems, in the concept of solving the special problems of accelerator with general technology, the present application provides a kind of ion accelerator standard power supply, different types and different specifications of ion accelerator power supply adopt unified general power supply structure, form ion accelerator standard power supply, improve the efficiency of design, processing, operation and maintenance of power supply in ion accelerator, simplify and unify production process, save labor cost and production cost, improve the efficiency and quality of accelerator power supply production and processing, increase the safety of power supply supply, improve the reliability of power supply system, improve the conversion efficiency of power supply, energy saving and emission reduction, to meet the new demand of new generation accelerator for high efficiency and high reliability excitation power supply.

[0055] Correspondingly, in some other embodiments of the present application, a standardization method of ion accelerator standard power supply is provided.

[0056] Embodiment 1

[0057] As Figure 1As shown, the embodiment provides an ion accelerator standardized power supply, which comprises a cabinet, at least one main controller and at least one machine box. Wherein, at least one standard function module unit and at least two water-cooled plate units are arranged side by side in each machine box, and each water-cooled plate unit is arranged in the machine box in a spaced manner, and each standard function module unit is detachably arranged between two water-cooled plate units and connected with the back plate through a self-defined standard connector; the main controller is arranged in the cabinet and interconnected with the standard function modules in each machine box through a wiring board, and different standard function modules in each machine box are changed or combined to realize different specifications and different types of accelerator magnet power supplies, such as dipole power supply, quadrupole power supply, solenoid power supply, superconducting power supply, correction power supply, etc., without the need for special design and special repair, and through the development of new standard function modules, the function expansion or upgrade of the accelerator magnet power supply can be realized.

[0058] Further, the cabinet can adopt a standard size power supply cabinet with sufficient bearing capacity, heat dissipation and electromagnetic shielding effect; in order to increase the flexibility of the power supply structure and specifications, the accelerator magnet power supply is composed of standard function modules in a combined manner, and the number of cabinets corresponding to one accelerator power supply is determined by the number of standard function modules, if the number is small, several accelerator power supplies can share one cabinet, and if the number is large, one accelerator power supply can be arranged in multiple cabinets and realized in series and parallel through CAN bus.

[0059] For example, some accelerator power supply specifications are small, so one cabinet can contain multiple accelerator power supplies, each accelerator power supply contains multiple standard function modules, the sizes of the multiple standard function modules are the same, and they are connected in series and parallel through a unified self-defined standard connector; each accelerator power supply is connected with one load, and the power output of the multiple standard function modules of each accelerator power supply is connected to the load through a busbar. Since most of the standard function modules are connected in parallel, one power supply can have multiple redundant standard function modules to improve the reliability of the power supply, and the function of the power supply can be expanded by adding new standard function modules.

[0060] Further, in order to better manage and distribute standard function modules, the embodiment adopts a machine box to accommodate standard module units, and since the cabinet sizes are different and the number of standard module units in one machine box is determined according to needs, the size of the machine box can be determined according to the number of standard module units.

[0061] In terms of structure, the machine box is divided into two types: one is a machine box accommodating high-power standard module units (as shown in Figure 3a Figure 3b ​The chassis shown in the figure; in this invention, standard module units with power greater than 2.5kW are designated as high-power standard module units, and standard module units with power less than 2.5kW are designated as low-power standard module units; in order to standardize power supplies of different power and improve efficiency, the high-power standard module unit is divided into two low-power standard module units; to unify the standard, the chassis of the low-power standard module unit and the chassis of the high-power standard module unit are the same in size and shape, but the number of low-power standard module units that can be accommodated in the same size chassis is exactly twice the number of high-power standard module units (e.g., Figure 2a and Figure 2b (As shown).

[0062] like Figures 2a-2b As shown, since each standard functional module may contain power components, a water-cooled plate is also installed in each chassis, forming a standard module unit together with the standard functional modules within the chassis. To facilitate flexible insertion and removal of the standard module units, the water-cooled plate and the standard module unit are tightly connected via contact surfaces, employing conductive cooling for heat dissipation. The water-cooled plate not only cools the power supply of the standard module but also provides some stability. When the power of the standard functional module is high, each standard functional module can be equipped with its own water-cooled plate; when the power of the standard functional module is low, multiple standard functional modules can share a single water-cooled plate. This allows for some cost control of the water-cooling components.

[0063] Furthermore, such as Figure 3a , Figure 3b As shown, although the standard functional modules differ in size, they are all of the same type, including: a standard functional module body, a module handle located at the front end of the standard functional module body, and a custom standard connector located at the rear end of the standard functional module body. The standard functional module body contains a standard voltage module, a standard current module, and a discharge module.

[0064] To adapt to applications requiring rapid changes in current and voltage, the standard voltage module is mainly used to boost the voltage of the preceding stage as needed, enabling the superconducting magnet to accelerate the rapid rise or fall of current. Its voltage can be adjusted within a certain range via the CAN bus to meet the needs of different excitation voltage levels. The standard current module is mainly used to provide excitation current to the magnet, and its magnitude can be adjusted via the CAN bus. The energy discharge module is mainly used to discharge energy from the load and power supply after quench failure, thereby protecting the circuit.

[0065] Further, in order to unify different types of standard functional modules with the backboard, and at the same time make the standardized power supply have flexibility and function expansion capability, so as to realize different types of power supply in the field of ion accelerators. The standard functional module is connected with the backboard having the matching connector through the self-defined standard connector, the pins on the self-defined standard connector are self-defined standard electrical definitions, and the electrical definitions include three parts of AC input and output, DC input and output and signal, which can meet the current ion accelerator power supply function and expansion needs, and the electrical definitions of different standard functional modules are exactly the same, so as to be unified. In this way, the standard functional modules can be connected in series and parallel through the backboard, so as to increase the flexibility and adaptability of the power supply. Among them, multiple standard voltage modules can be connected in series and parallel, multiple standard current modules can also be connected in series and parallel; multiple energy dissipation modules can also be connected in series and parallel; the standard voltage module, the standard current module and the energy dissipation module can also be connected in series and parallel. Since the accelerator magnet power supply has the demand of bidirectional application, in addition to the standard voltage module, the standard current module is all bidirectional current bidirectional voltage.

[0066] Further, the self-defined standard connector includes a hot plug connector and a non-hot plug connector, the hot plug connector supports hot plug of the standard functional module, and the hot plug connector is fully compatible with the non-hot plug connector to support occasions without hot plug demand, in order to realize standardization, the electrical definitions of the two connectors are unified.

[0067] Further, in order to meet the demand of the accelerator in different occasions for the voltage source, the standard voltage module in the embodiment is a constant voltage module, which can provide stable power supply and power output, and its specifications include 100V / 50A, 50V / 100A and 25V / 50A, and the voltage can be remotely adjusted according to the needs.

[0068] Further, in order to meet the demand of the accelerator in different occasions for the current source, the standard current module in the embodiment is a constant current module, which can provide stable current output and power output, and its specifications include ±50A / ±12V, ±100A / ±24V, ±100A / ±50V and ±50A / ±100V.

[0069] Further, the energy dissipation module is a functional module specially designed for superconducting power supply, and is also a discharge protection module after the superconducting magnet loses superconductivity, and its specifications include: peak value 1200V, energy dissipation 4.2kJ.

[0070] Further, in order to meet the needs of different power supply types of accelerator, the power supply formed by a plurality of standard functional modules (including standard voltage module, standard current module, standard energy dissipation module, etc.) through self-defined standard connectors in series and parallel combination can be used as the excitation power supply of conventional magnet and superconducting magnet, and can also be used as DC power supply and pulse power supply. The DC power supply outputs DC current or voltage, and the pulse power supply outputs pulse current or voltage. The waveform output by the pulse power supply includes trapezoidal wave, triangular wave, sine wave, square wave, self-defined waveform, etc.

[0071] Further, the parallel connection of a plurality of standard functional modules needs to consider the current sharing mode. In order to adapt to the needs of fast current sharing and slow current sharing, the current sharing between a plurality of standard functional modules is carried out through the CAN bus or analog signal bus on the self-defined standard connector interface. The analog signal can be used for current sharing in occasions with high requirements for current sharing fluctuation and time, while the CAN bus can be used for current sharing in occasions with low requirements for current sharing fluctuation and time; the current sharing protocol adopts a standardized self-defined protocol, which is convenient for current sharing between power supplies of standardized modules of different manufacturers.

[0072] Further, as shown in Figure 4 , each standard functional module can also be arranged horizontally in the cabinet according to actual needs.

[0073] Further, the panel of the standard functional module is also provided with an indicator light for prompting the basic state of the standard functional module, including fault, running, etc.

[0074] Further, as shown in Figure 5 , there are many signals that need to enter the controller or the standard functional module inside and outside the cabinet. In order to uniformly distribute and utilize these signal lines, a self-defined standard wiring board is used to complete the distribution. Among them, the signals between the main controller and each standard functional module through the wiring board include: switch state, analog signal (used for sensor signal transmission, etc.), digital IO signal, optical signal (self-defined signal, used as real-time protection and control signal), CAN bus, etc.

[0075] The main controller is a standardized power supply controller with functions of gigabit Ethernet communication, local CAN bus, digital IO signal, analog signal processing, etc. The main controller is mainly used for the management of the standard functional module; the main controller also publishes the information inside the power supply module to the local area network through the standard Ethernet network, so that other systems inside the local area network can ultimately monitor the power supply.

[0076] Because the local bus has the function of many-to-many, usually one master controller can manage multiple standard function modules of multiple power supplies; multiple master controllers can be connected in series through the CAN bus, and when one of them has a problem, the task of the controller can be temporarily taken over by other master controllers, realizing mutual backup between master controllers.

[0077] Further, in order to be able to realize a higher precision accelerator power supply, the master controller further includes a function of improving the precision of the power supply. Multiple standard module power supplies provide current (or voltage) to one load magnet in series and parallel, and usually the stability and other indicators of the current (or voltage) are guaranteed by the standard module power supply. When the output stability and other indicators of the power supply after series and parallel combination cannot meet the requirements, an outer loop regulation can be formed by the master controller and an additional high-precision sensor, and higher output stability and other indicators can be achieved.

[0078] Embodiment 2

[0079] As shown in Figure 1 , the ion accelerator standardized power supply provided by the embodiment includes a cabinet, a case, a master controller, and standard function modules.

[0080] The standardized power supply adopts a unified structure. In this way, whether it is an accelerator power supply of any type or specification, there is a unified power supply structure, which is of great significance to the improvement of the quality of the power supply, and to the improvement of the efficiency of the links of standardized design, processing, operation and maintenance, and upgrading of the power supply. Among them, the cabinet is used to install the case and the master controller. The size of the cabinet is the size of the standard power supply cabinet, which can be selected according to needs, and usually an 800x1000x1800mm cabinet is selected. In order to ensure flexibility, the cabinet can be installed, changed or removed according to needs, and at the same time, multiple machine cases of multiple types can also be installed. The function of the case is to accommodate the standard module unit, which includes a standard function module and a water cooling plate, and the two parts are used together, and the case fastens the standard function module. The case can have multiple types, Figure 1 Among them, there are four types of 1x6 case, 1x8 case, 1x12 case and 1x16 case, specifically, 1x6 case accommodates 6 high-power standard function modules, 1x12 case accommodates 12 low-power standard function modules, and 1x6 case and 1x12 case are the same size; 1x8 case accommodates 8 high-power standard function modules, 1x16 case accommodates 16 low-power standard function modules, and 1x8 case and 1x16 case are the same size; the actual output specification of the power supply can be selected according to the actual output specification of the power supply.

[0081] By Figure 2a and Figure 2bIt can be seen that the chassis is equipped with two kinds of units, standard function modules and water-cooling plates. The water-cooling plates and the standard function modules are tightly connected through the contact surface. The water-cooling plates take away the heat inside the standard function modules through the conduction cooling mode. The water-cooling plates and the standard function modules together form a standard module unit. In order to facilitate the stacking of the chassis in the cabinet, the width and height of the standard module unit are standard sizes, the width is in T units and the height is in U units. Figure 2a For the chassis that can accommodate 8 high-power standard module units, Figure 2b For the chassis that can accommodate 16 low-power standard module power supplies, the sizes of the two kinds of chassis are the same, and the water-cooling plates inside them are also the same. The volume of the high-power standard function module is exactly twice that of the low-power standard function module, so as to facilitate the sharing of the same water-cooling plate and chassis. The size of the chassis can be adjusted according to the number of standard module units required by the actual project, but the maximum number of standard module units for a single power supply does not exceed 16. The chassis is usually pre-installed with a water-cooling plate and then installed into the cabinet, and finally the standard function modules are inserted into the chassis.

[0082] The standard function modules in the standard module unit have many types. The types of standard function modules include at least three types, standard voltage modules, standard current modules and energy release modules; all standard function modules have the same size and contain standardized self-defined hot plug interfaces, and are connected in series and parallel through the hot plug interfaces to complete the function of the power supply. That is, multiple standard voltage module power supplies can be connected in series and parallel, and multiple standard current module power supplies can also be connected in series and parallel; multiple energy release modules can also be connected in series and parallel; voltage modules, current modules and energy release modules can also be connected in series and parallel; except for voltage modules, current modules are all bidirectional current and bidirectional voltage.

[0083] Usually, the standard function modules have some commonly used specifications:

[0084] The specifications of the standard voltage modules are: 100V / 50A; 50V / 100A; 25V / 50A;

[0085] The specifications of the standard current modules are: ±50A / ±12V; ±100A / ±24V; ±100A / ±50V; ±50A / ±100V;

[0086] The specifications of the energy release modules are: peak value 1200V, energy release 4.2kJ.

[0087] In addition, new standard modules can be added according to the standardized hot plug interface.

[0088] Figure 3 shows the schematic diagram of the standard functional module's external structure. Standard functional modules can be divided into high-power modules and low-power modules. The volume of a high-power module is exactly twice that of a low-power module. The low-power module is half the size of the high-power module in the vertical direction, but all other dimensions are identical. For easy hot-swapping, standard functional modules have standardized connectors and handles. The connector is a hot-swappable connector. Hot-swappable connectors are commercially available or custom-made, but their internal pin electrical definitions must conform to standardized design. The pins are mainly divided into three parts: DC input / output section, AC input / output section, and signal section.

[0089] Depend on Figure 5 The standardized power supply hot-swappable module control structure within a cabinet is as follows: A standardized power supply, in its control logic, consists of a main power controller and multiple series-parallel standard functional modules. The standard functional modules of a single standardized power supply within the cabinet are managed by the main power controller. A cabinet can house more than two standardized power supplies. Therefore, a cabinet must contain at least two main power controllers. To improve the reliability of the main power controllers, different power supply controllers can be mutually backed up via a CAN bus. If one main power controller malfunctions, its series-parallel standard functional modules can be monitored by another main power controller. The power controllers are connected to multiple standard functional modules via the CAN bus and digital I / O lines. The standard functional modules share these signal lines with the power controllers. The patch panel routes and distributes these signal lines. These signal lines include protection signal lines and interlocking signal lines, primarily used to receive signals from the cabinet and other systems. Protection signals include load protection signals and water flow detection signals; interlocking signals include machine protection interlocking signals, etc.

[0090] There are two types of CAN buses. One is the CAN bus from the master controller to the standard function modules, used to read the status of the standard function modules and set their parameters. The other type is the IO-local CAN bus within the digital I / O lines. The IO-local CAN bus facilitates digital current sharing among standard function modules and can also function as an analog line to achieve analog current sharing between them, improving response speed. Furthermore, it can form master-slave current sharing, inner / outer loop, and other current sharing modes with the master controller. The digital current sharing of the IO-local CAN bus uses a custom standardized protocol. The digital I / O lines also include other protection and real-time control signals for receiving signals from sensors or other systems within the cabinet.

[0091] Example 3

[0092] Based on the ion accelerator standardized power supply provided in Example 1, this example provides a standardization method for the ion accelerator standardized power supply, including the following steps:

[0093] 1) The standard function module is inserted into the case, connected to the backplane through the custom standard connector at the rear end of the standard function module, and connected to the main controller through the wiring board;

[0094] 2) The main controller receives the power monitoring signal based on the wiring board, and changes or combines the standard function modules in each case to realize the corresponding type and specification of the accelerator power supply;

[0095] 3) During the operation of the accelerator power supply, the abnormal situation is handled according to the received real-time control signal and the collected state signal of the main controller and the standard function module.

[0096] Preferably, in the above step 2), the main controller receives the power monitoring signal based on the wiring board, and changes or combines the standard function modules in each case, specifically including:

[0097] By combining the standard function modules, different types of power supplies can be realized;

[0098] By combining the standard current module, the standard voltage module, and the energy release module, a superconducting power supply can be realized, and when a quench is detected, the standardized power supply will automatically shut down and provide quench protection for the superconducting load;

[0099] By adding a standard voltage module, the output current of the standardized power supply can be quickly raised or lowered;

[0100] By combining the standard voltage module, the standardized power supply can be used as a constant voltage power supply for the accelerator.

[0101] Preferably, in the above step 2), when the standardized power supply cannot obtain the preset precision only by connecting the internal standard current module in series, an outer loop regulation strategy can be implemented on the main controller to form a double-loop current regulation of the inner loop regulation strategy and the outer loop regulation strategy of the current module, and output a current with higher stability and precision.

[0102] Preferably, in the above step 3), during the operation of the accelerator power supply, when the abnormal situation is handled according to the received real-time control signal and the collected state signal of the main controller and the standard function module, the following situations are included:

[0103] 3.1) Detect the state of each standard function module, when an abnormal standard function module appears, the standard function module will automatically disconnect from the series and parallel connection, and the main controller will automatically change or combine other standard function modules, and automatically balance the current or voltage to reduce the impact on the output; After the abnormal standard function module is disconnected from the series and parallel connection, it does not affect the output of the standardized power supply, and it can be replaced immediately or at a later time.

[0104] 3.2) When detecting that the main controller of one power supply in the cabinet is abnormal and cannot monitor the standard function module, the abnormal main controller is taken over by the main controller of another power supply to realize the hot backup between the main controllers of the power supplies.

[0105] Preferably, in the step 3.1), the digital current sharing between the standard function modules is implemented by using a self-defined standardized protocol, and specifically, a mechanism for automatically balancing the current or voltage is implemented, including the following steps:

[0106] 3.1.1) The newly inserted and powered-on standard function module broadcasts a query message to query the set current value or voltage value;

[0107] 3.1.2) The standard function module with the lowest address returns the set current value or voltage value;

[0108] 3.1.3) The new standard function module receives the set current value or voltage value as the initial current or voltage setting value;

[0109] 3.1.4) Each standard function module broadcasts the output current + power supply state once every preset interval (e.g. 50 ms);

[0110] 3.1.5) Each standard function module self-counts the online standard function modules and calculates the average current value according to the obtained information of other function modules, so as to make corresponding adjustment to approximate the set current value or voltage value.

[0111] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit it; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement for part of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A standardization method of an ion accelerator standardization power supply, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: The ion accelerator standard power supply comprises a cabinet, at least one main controller, at least one machine box and at least one standard module unit; each machine box is arranged in the cabinet in a vertical direction, at least one standard function module is arranged side by side in each machine box, each standard function module is arranged in the machine box in a hot-pluggable manner and connected with a backboard through a self-defined standard connector; the main controller is arranged in the cabinet and interconnected with each standard function module through the backboard and a wiring board; different specifications and types of accelerator magnet power supplies or accelerator power source power supplies are realized by changing or combining the standard function modules in each machine box and using parallel connection and redundancy strategies; The standard function module is inserted into the machine box, connected with the backboard through the self-defined standard connector at the rear end of the standard function module and connected with the main controller through the wiring board; The main controller receives power monitoring signals through the wiring board and realizes different types and specifications of accelerator magnet power supplies or power source power supplies by changing or combining the standard function modules in each machine box; During the operation of the accelerator power supply, real-time control signals and state signals of the main controller and the standard function modules are collected to process abnormal conditions in real time, wherein the real-time control signals include load protection, superconducting protection, water interruption protection and interlocking protection signals.

2. The standardization method of a standardization power supply of an ion accelerator according to claim 1, characterized by, The types of the accelerator magnet power supply include at least one of a conventional power supply, a superconducting power supply, a direct current power supply, a pulse power supply, a dipole power supply, a quadrupole power supply, a solenoid power supply, a correction power supply and a scanning power supply; the current output waveform of the pulse power supply includes at least one of a trapezoidal wave, a triangular wave, a sine wave, a square wave and a self-defined waveform.

3. The standardization method of a standardization power supply of an ion accelerator according to claim 1, characterized by, The standard function modules are the same in appearance, structure and interface and each comprises a standard function module body, a module handle arranged at the front end of the standard function module body and a self-defined standard connector arranged at the rear end of the standard function module body, and the standard function modules are connected in series and parallel through the self-defined standard connectors. The standard function module body is internally provided with a standard voltage module, a standard current module and a energy release module. The standard voltage module is used for forming a front-stage voltage required by a magnet power supply, increasing the rising or falling speed of an output current, forming a constant voltage source with different powers in series and parallel or used for an accelerator power source power supply, and the output voltage of the standard voltage module is remotely adjustable. The standard current module is used for providing excitation current for a magnet or forming an accelerator magnet power supply with different specifications in series and parallel. The energy release module is used for forming a superconducting power supply and releasing the energy of a load and the standard power supply after a quench to protect the circuit.

4. The standardization method of a standardization power supply of an ion accelerator as claimed in claim 3, wherein The specifications of the standard voltage module include 100V / 50A, 50V / 100A and 25V / 50A; the specifications of the standard current module include ±50A / ±12V, ±100A / ±24V, ±100A / ±50V and ±50A / ±100V; and the specifications of the energy release module include a peak value of 1200V and energy release of 4.2kJ.

5. The method of normalizing a power supply for an ion accelerator of claim 1, wherein, The custom standard connector includes a hot plug connector and a non-hot plug connector, the hot plug connector supports hot plug of the standard function module, and the hot plug connector is fully compatible with the non-hot plug connector.

6. The method of normalizing a power supply for an ion accelerator of claim 1, wherein, The standard function module is divided into two categories according to a preset power threshold, including a first standard function module with power greater than the preset power threshold and a second standard function module with power less than the preset power threshold, and the longitudinal dimension of the first standard function module is twice that of the second standard function module, and other dimensions are the same.

7. A standardization method of a standardization power supply of an ion accelerator as defined in claim 6, characterized by, Each standard function module is arranged longitudinally side by side or transversely side by side in the cabinet.

8. The method of normalizing a power supply for an ion accelerator of claim 1, wherein, The main controller is connected with a plurality of standard function modules through a CAN bus and a digital IO line through the wiring board to form an accelerator magnet power supply or an accelerator power source power supply of different types and different specifications; The main controller reads the state of each standard function module through the CAN bus, sets the parameters of each standard function module, and communicates with the local area network through Ethernet to receive control information or publish the state information of each standard function module to the local area network; The digital IO line includes an IO local CAN bus, which is used to realize digital current sharing and analog current sharing between the standard function modules, and cooperates with the main controller to realize master-slave current sharing and inner-outer loop current sharing, and inner-outer loop adjustment control strategy.

9. The method of normalizing a power supply for an ion accelerator of claim 1, wherein, At least one water cooling plate is fixedly arranged in the cabinet, and each water cooling plate is tightly connected with the standard function module through a contact surface, and is connected with an external water supply device through a total water inlet pipe and a total water outlet pipe arranged in the cabinet, and adopts a conduction cooling mode for heat dissipation.

10. The standardization method of the ion accelerator standardization power supply according to claim 1, characterized by, When an abnormal situation occurs, the following situations are included: When an abnormal standard function module occurs, the standard function module will automatically disconnect from the series-parallel connection, and the main controller will actively or assistively automatically change or combine other online standard function modules, and automatically balance the current or voltage between the standard function modules to reduce the impact on the standardized power output; When a new standard function module is inserted online or an online normal standard function module is pulled out, the main controller actively or assistively automatically changes or combines other online standard function modules, and automatically balances the current or voltage between the online standard function modules. When it is detected that the main controller of one of the power supplies in the cabinet is abnormal and cannot monitor the standard function module, the main controller of another power supply takes over the task of the abnormal main controller to realize hot backup between the power supply main controllers.

11. The standardization method of the ion accelerator standardization power supply as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The main controller actively or assistively automatically changes or combines other online standard function modules, and automatically balances the current or voltage between the standard function modules, including the following steps: The newly inserted and powered-on standard function module broadcasts a query message to query the set current value or voltage value; The standard function module with the lowest address replies to the set current value or voltage value; The new standard function module receives the set current value or voltage value as the initial current or voltage setting value; Every preset interval, each standard function module broadcasts the output current + power supply state once. Each standard function module according to the other function module information obtained, self-statistics online standard function module and calculates the average current or voltage value, thereby corresponding adjustment to approximate the set current value or voltage value.

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