A tissue sample DNA extraction tool

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of tissue sample DNA extraction tools, including grinding extraction tube, vacuum ethanol extraction tube and vacuum waste liquid extraction tube, grinding extraction tube includes grinding tube, grinding extraction cover, connecting shaft, grinding disc, first liquid extraction cavity is arranged in grinding extraction cover, the side of first liquid extraction cavity close to grinding tube is provided with impurity filter screen, and grinding extraction cover is provided with first cannula;Vacuum ethanol extraction tube includes vacuum extraction tube, waste liquid extraction cover, sealing cover, vacuum inside vacuum extraction tube, second liquid extraction cavity is arranged in waste liquid extraction cover, the side of second liquid extraction cavity close to vacuum extraction tube is provided with DNA filter screen, and waste liquid extraction cover is provided with second cannula, and the bottom of vacuum extraction tube is provided with first rubber sealing insertion hole;Vacuum waste liquid extraction tube is vacuum inside and the bottom thereof is provided with second rubber sealing insertion hole.The present application can quickly grind and crush tissue, and the extract is transferred by vacuum suction, which is more simple and convenient to operate, and improves the extraction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of DNA extraction technology, and in particular to a tool for extracting DNA from tissue samples. Background Technology

[0002] Nucleic acid molecular biology techniques are commonly used research methods for pathogen detection, gene bank construction, species origin, diversity assessment, phylogenetic relationships, and phylogenetic analysis. The phenol-chloroform method is a classic DNA extraction method. Generally, after cell lysis, an equal volume of phenol-chloroform is added. Based on the characteristic that DNA is readily soluble in water but not in organic solvents, in an organic solvent environment, proteins denature, precipitate, and are then centrifuged. The organic solvent remains at the bottom of the test tube, while DNA remains in the upper water layer, with the protein precipitate existing between the two liquids. Finally, ethanol is used to separate the DNA from the water, and the precipitate is recovered after centrifugation. The phenol-chloroform extraction process first requires grinding and pulverizing animal, insect, or plant tissues. This grinding and pulverization often involves manual cutting or kneading and requires multiple complex centrifugation and pipetting operations, making the process cumbersome and time-consuming. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a DNA extraction tool for tissue samples that can quickly grind and pulverize tissues and transfer the extract using vacuum suction, making the operation simpler and more convenient and improving extraction efficiency.

[0004] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0005] A DNA extraction tool for tissue samples includes a grinding extraction tube, a vacuum ethanol extraction tube, and a vacuum waste liquid extraction tube. The grinding extraction tube includes a hollow grinding tube with one open end, a grinding extraction cap detachably connected to the open end of the grinding tube, a connecting shaft extending from the inside of the grinding extraction cap into the grinding tube, and a grinding disc connected to the free end of the connecting shaft and capable of contacting the bottom of the grinding tube. The grinding extraction cap has a first extraction chamber, and a first mesh support base is provided on the side of the first extraction chamber facing the grinding tube. An impurity filter screen is provided on the side of the first mesh support base facing the grinding tube. A first insertion tube communicating with the first extraction chamber is provided at the end of the grinding extraction cap away from the grinding tube.

[0006] The vacuum ethanol extraction tube includes a hollow vacuum extraction tube with one open end, a waste liquid extraction cap detachably connected to one end of the vacuum extraction tube, and a sealing cap detachably connected to the waste liquid extraction cap. The vacuum extraction tube is vacuumed inside. A second extraction chamber is provided inside the waste liquid extraction cap. A second mesh support base is provided on the side of the second extraction chamber facing the vacuum extraction tube. A DNA filter is provided on the side of the second mesh support base facing the grinding tube. A second insertion tube communicating with the second extraction chamber is provided at the end of the waste liquid extraction cap away from the vacuum extraction tube. A first rubber sealing insertion hole that cooperates with the first insertion tube is provided at the bottom of the vacuum extraction tube.

[0007] The vacuum waste liquid extraction tube is sealed at both ends and has an internal vacuum. The bottom of the vacuum extraction tube is provided with a second rubber sealing socket that cooperates with the second insertion tube.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the tissue specimen is weighed and loaded into the grinding tube of the grinding extraction tube. The grinding extraction cap is closed and rotated so that the grinding disc grinds and breaks up the tissue specimen. Extraction buffer is added into the grinding tube, and after closing the grinding extraction cap, constant temperature heating extraction is performed.

[0009] Connect the vacuum extraction tube of the vacuum ethanol extraction tube to the grinding extraction tube's grinding extraction cap, so that the first insertion tube passes through the first rubber sealing hole and is inserted into the vacuum extraction tube. The negative pressure inside the vacuum extraction tube forces the extract in the grinding tube through the impurity filter screen into the vacuum extraction tube. Remove the waste liquid extraction cap and add anhydrous ethanol to the vacuum extraction tube to mix. Perform low-temperature ethanol washing and precipitation to separate the DNA from the water, forming a white flocculent substance.

[0010] Remove the sealing cap from the waste liquid extraction cap of the vacuum ethanol extraction tube. Connect the vacuum waste liquid extraction tube to the waste liquid extraction cap of the vacuum ethanol extraction tube, so that the second insertion tube passes through the second rubber sealing hole and is inserted into the vacuum waste liquid extraction tube. The negative pressure inside the vacuum waste liquid extraction tube forces the waste liquid separated in the vacuum extraction tube through the DNA filter into the vacuum waste liquid extraction tube, leaving white flocculent DNA in the vacuum extraction tube. Finally, remove the waste liquid extraction cap of the vacuum ethanol extraction tube, pour out the white flocculent DNA, and preserve it with DNA preservation solution.

[0011] A further feature of the present invention is that it also includes a thermostat, the thermostat comprising a base, a heat-conducting inner sleeve extending upward from the base and open at the top, multiple thermoelectric coolers disposed around the heat-conducting inner sleeve, and a heat-conducting outer sleeve covering the thermoelectric coolers. Each thermoelectric cooler has heat-conducting plates at both its hot and cold ends, and each heat-conducting plate has an inner heat-conducting strip that connects inward to the heat-conducting inner sleeve or outward to the heat-conducting outer sleeve. Multiple outer heat-conducting strips are disposed outside the heat-conducting outer sleeve. A control circuit board is disposed inside the base, and the control circuit board is provided with a current direction switching circuit for changing the current direction of the thermoelectric coolers.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the extraction tube can be inserted into the heat-conducting inner sleeve of the thermostat during the DNA extraction process for constant temperature heating extraction or constant temperature low temperature separation. It is compact and easy to operate.

[0013] A further provision of the present invention is that: a cooling switch for controlling the semiconductor cooling chip to cool one end of the thermally conductive inner sleeve is provided on the outer side of the base; a heating switch for controlling the semiconductor cooling chip to heat one end of the thermally conductive inner sleeve is provided on the outer side of the base; a temperature sensor is provided on the outer wall of the thermally conductive inner sleeve; and a temperature display for displaying the temperature detected by the temperature sensor is provided on the outer side of the base.

[0014] A further feature of the present invention is that a power cord is connected to the outer side of the base.

[0015] A further feature of the present invention is that: the edge of the grinding extraction cap away from the grinding tube is provided with a first connecting collar having an internal thread and being detachably connected to the end of the vacuum ethanol extraction tube away from the opening end; the outer periphery of the vacuum ethanol extraction tube away from its opening end is provided with an external thread that is threadedly connected to the first connecting collar; and the height of the first connecting collar is not lower than the height of the first insertion tube.

[0016] A further feature of the present invention is that: the edge of the waste liquid extraction cap away from the vacuum extraction tube is provided with a second connecting collar with an internal thread and detachably connected to the end of the vacuum waste liquid extraction tube near the second rubber sealing hole; the outer periphery of the end of the vacuum waste liquid extraction tube near the second rubber sealing hole is provided with an external thread that is threadedly connected to the second connecting collar; and the height of the second connecting collar is not lower than the height of the second tube.

[0017] A further feature of the present invention is that the vacuum extraction tube is sealed with anhydrous ethanol, but is not completely filled with anhydrous ethanol.

[0018] A further feature of the present invention is that the grinding disc has a plurality of mesh holes, and a plurality of arc-shaped cutters are provided on the side of the grinding disc facing the bottom of the grinding tube.

[0019] A further feature of the present invention is that the sealing cap is provided with a rubber sealing sleeve for covering the second insertion tube.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] Firstly, this invention uses a grinding extraction tube, a vacuum ethanol extraction tube, and a vacuum waste liquid extraction tube to complete the DNA extraction of tissue samples. It can quickly grind and pulverize tissue samples and transfer the extract by vacuum suction, eliminating the need for multiple pipetting and centrifugation, making the operation simpler and more convenient, and improving the extraction efficiency.

[0022] Secondly, the present invention also includes a thermostat capable of constant temperature heating extraction and constant temperature low temperature separation. It can be used simply by inserting the extraction tube. By using a semiconductor cooling chip to switch the current direction, the characteristics of the cold and hot ends can be changed, and heating and cooling can be switched freely. The operation is simple and convenient. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view used to show the internal structure of the grinding and extraction tube;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view used to show the internal structure of a vacuum ethanol extraction tube;

[0026] Figure 4 The second rubber sealing socket at the bottom of the vacuum waste liquid extraction tube is used to demonstrate this.

[0027] Figure 5 Used to demonstrate the internal structure of a thermostat.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Grinding and extraction tube; 11. Grinding tube; 12. Grinding and extraction cap; 13. Connecting shaft; 14. Grinding disc; 15. Mesh; 16. Arc-shaped cutter; 17. First extraction chamber; 18. First mesh support base; 19. Impurity filter screen; 110. First insertion tube; 111. First connecting collar; 2. Vacuum ethanol extraction tube; 21. Vacuum extraction tube; 22. Waste liquid extraction cap; 23. Sealing cap; 24. Second extraction chamber; 25. Second mesh support base; 26. DN 27. Filter screen; 28. Second insertion tube; 29. ​​Rubber sealing sleeve; 20. First rubber sealing insertion hole; 210. Second connecting collar; 3. Vacuum waste liquid extraction tube; 31. Second rubber sealing insertion hole; 4. Thermostat; 41. Base; 42. Thermally conductive inner sleeve; 43. Semiconductor cooling chip; 44. Thermally conductive outer sleeve; 45. Thermally conductive sheet; 46. Inner thermally conductive strip; 47. Outer thermally conductive strip; 48. Cooling switch; 49. Heating switch; 410. Temperature display; 411. Power cord. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0031] Example, refer to Figure 1-5 A DNA extraction tool for tissue samples includes a grinding extraction tube 1, a vacuum ethanol extraction tube 2, and a vacuum waste liquid extraction tube 3. The grinding extraction tube 1 includes a hollow grinding tube 11 with one open end, a grinding extraction cap 12 detachably connected to the open end of the grinding tube 11, a connecting shaft 13 extending from the inside of the grinding extraction cap 12 into the grinding tube 11, and a grinding disc 14 connected to the free end of the connecting shaft 13. The grinding disc 14 has several mesh openings 15, and several arc-shaped cutters 16 are provided on the side of the grinding disc 14 facing the bottom of the grinding tube 11, which can contact the bottom of the grinding tube 11. The tissue sample is chopped by the arc-shaped cutters 16 on the grinding disc 14, and the chopped tissue sample can pass through the mesh openings 15. The grinding extraction cover 12 is provided with a first liquid extraction chamber 17. A first mesh support base 18 is provided on the side of the first liquid extraction chamber 17 facing the grinding tube 11. An impurity filter screen 19 is provided on the side of the first mesh support base 18 facing the grinding tube 11. A first insertion tube 110 communicating with the first liquid extraction chamber 17 is provided at the end of the grinding extraction cover 12 away from the grinding tube 11.

[0032] The vacuum ethanol extraction tube 2 includes a hollow vacuum extraction tube 21 with one open end, a waste liquid extraction cap 22 detachably connected to one end of the vacuum extraction tube 21, and a sealing cap 23 detachably connected to the waste liquid extraction cap 22. The vacuum extraction tube 21 is under vacuum and is sealed with anhydrous ethanol. The anhydrous ethanol is not completely filled; the vacuum extraction tube 21 is only half-filled with anhydrous ethanol. The extract drawn from the grinding tube 11 can be directly extracted with anhydrous ethanol without removing the waste liquid extraction cap 22 to add anhydrous ethanol again. The waste liquid extraction cap 22 is provided with a second extraction chamber 24. A second mesh support base 25 is provided on the side of the second extraction chamber 24 facing the vacuum extraction tube 21. A DNA filter screen 26 is provided on the side of the second mesh support base 25 facing the grinding tube 11. A second insertion tube 27 communicating with the second extraction chamber 24 is provided at the end of the waste liquid extraction cap 22 away from the vacuum extraction tube 21. The sealing cap 23 is provided with a rubber sealing sleeve 28 for covering the second insertion tube 27. The bottom of the vacuum extraction tube 21 is provided with a first rubber sealing insertion hole 29 that cooperates with the first insertion tube 110. The edge of the grinding extraction cap 12 away from the grinding tube 11 is provided with a first connecting collar 111 with an internal thread and detachably connected to the end of the vacuum ethanol extraction tube 2 away from the opening end. The sealing cap 23 is detachably connected to the first connecting collar 111. The outer periphery of the end of the vacuum ethanol extraction tube 2 away from its opening end is provided with an external thread that is threadedly connected to the first connecting collar 111. The height of the first connecting collar 111 is not lower than the height of the first insertion tube 110.

[0033] The vacuum waste liquid extraction tube 3 is sealed at both ends and has an internal vacuum. The bottom of the vacuum extraction tube 21 is provided with a second rubber sealing socket 31 that mates with a second insertion tube 27. The edge of the waste liquid extraction cover 22 away from the vacuum extraction tube 21 is provided with a second connecting collar 210 with internal threads, which is detachably connected to the end of the vacuum waste liquid extraction tube 3 near the second rubber sealing socket 31. The outer periphery of the end of the vacuum waste liquid extraction tube 3 near the second rubber sealing socket 31 is provided with external threads that are threadedly connected to the second connecting collar 210. The height of the second connecting collar 210 is not less than the height of the second insertion tube 27.

[0034] It also includes a thermostat 4, which includes a base 41, a heat-conducting inner sleeve 42 that extends upward from the base 41 and is open at the top, six thermoelectric coolers 43 disposed around the heat-conducting inner sleeve 42, and a heat-conducting outer sleeve 44 that surrounds the thermoelectric coolers 43. Each thermoelectric cooler 43 has a heat-conducting plate 45 at both its hot and cold ends. Each heat-conducting plate 45 has multiple inner heat-conducting strips 46 that connect inward to the heat-conducting inner sleeve 42 or outward to the heat-conducting outer sleeve 44. Multiple outer heat-conducting strips 47 are disposed outside the heat-conducting outer sleeve 44.

[0035] A control circuit board (not shown) is installed inside the base 41. The control circuit board is equipped with a current direction switching circuit (not shown) for changing the current direction of the thermoelectric cooler 43. A cooling switch 48 is installed on the outside of the base 41 to control the thermoelectric cooler 43 to cool the end of the heat-conducting inner sleeve 42. A heating switch 49 is installed on the outside of the base 41 to control the thermoelectric cooler 43 to heat the end of the heat-conducting inner sleeve 42. A temperature sensor (not shown) is installed on the outer wall of the heat-conducting inner sleeve 42. A temperature display 410 is installed on the outside of the base 41 to display the temperature detected by the temperature sensor. A power cord 411 is connected to the outside of the base 41.

[0036] Instructions for use: Weigh the tissue specimen and load it into the grinding tube 11 of the grinding extraction tube 1. Cover the grinding extraction cap 12 and rotate it so that the grinding disc 14 grinds and breaks down the tissue specimen.

[0037] Add extraction buffer to the grinding tube 11, cover with the grinding extraction cap 12, and place the grinding extraction tube 1 into the heat-conducting inner sleeve 42 of the thermostat 4. Heat the heat-conducting inner sleeve 42 by the heating switch 49 to perform constant temperature extraction.

[0038] The vacuum extraction tube 21 of the vacuum ethanol extraction tube 2 is connected to the grinding extraction cap 12 of the grinding extraction tube 1, so that the first insertion tube 110 passes through the first rubber sealing insertion hole 29 and is inserted into the vacuum extraction tube 21. The negative pressure in the vacuum extraction tube 21 forces the extract in the grinding tube 11 through the impurity filter screen 19 into the vacuum extraction tube 21 and mixes it with anhydrous ethanol. The vacuum ethanol extraction tube 2 is placed into the heat-conducting inner sleeve 42 of the thermostat 4. The heat-conducting inner sleeve 42 is cooled by the cooling switch 48 to perform constant temperature ethanol washing and precipitation, separating the DNA from the water and forming a white flocculent substance.

[0039] Remove the sealing cap 23 from the waste liquid extraction cap 22 of the vacuum ethanol extraction tube 2. Connect the vacuum waste liquid extraction tube 3 to the waste liquid extraction cap 22 of the vacuum ethanol extraction tube 2. Insert the second insertion tube 27 through the second rubber sealing hole 31 into the vacuum waste liquid extraction tube 3. The negative pressure inside the vacuum waste liquid extraction tube 3 forces the waste liquid separated in the vacuum extraction tube 21 through the DNA filter 26 into the vacuum waste liquid extraction tube 3. Leave white flocculent DNA in the vacuum extraction tube 21. Finally, remove the waste liquid extraction cap 22 of the vacuum ethanol extraction tube 2, pour out the white flocculent DNA, and preserve it with DNA preservation solution.

[0040] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tool for extracting DNA from tissue samples, comprising a grinding extraction tube (1), a vacuum ethanol extraction tube (2), and a vacuum waste liquid extraction tube (3), characterized in that: The grinding extraction tube (1) includes a hollow grinding tube (11) with one open end, a grinding extraction cap (12) detachably connected to the open end of the grinding tube (11), a connecting shaft (13) extending from the inside of the grinding extraction cap (12) into the grinding tube (11), and a grinding disc (14) connected to the free end of the connecting shaft (13) and capable of contacting the bottom of the grinding tube (11). The grinding extraction cap (12) is provided with a first liquid extraction chamber (17). A first mesh support bottom (18) is provided on the side of the first liquid extraction chamber (17) facing the grinding tube (11). An impurity filter screen (19) is provided on the side of the first mesh support bottom (18) facing the grinding tube (11). A first insertion tube (110) communicating with the first liquid extraction chamber (17) is provided at the end of the grinding extraction cap (12) away from the grinding tube (11). The vacuum ethanol extraction tube (2) includes a hollow vacuum extraction tube (21) with one open end, a waste liquid extraction cap (22) detachably connected to one end of the vacuum extraction tube (21), and a sealing cap (23) detachably connected to the waste liquid extraction cap (22). The vacuum extraction tube (21) is vacuum-sealed. A second extraction chamber (24) is provided inside the waste liquid extraction cap (22). A second mesh support bottom (25) is provided on the side of the second extraction chamber (24) facing the vacuum extraction tube (21). A DNA filter screen (26) is provided on the side of the second mesh support bottom (25) facing the grinding tube (11). A second insertion tube (27) communicating with the second extraction chamber (24) is provided at the end of the waste liquid extraction cap (22) away from the vacuum extraction tube (21). A first rubber sealing insertion hole (29) that cooperates with the first insertion tube (110) is provided at the bottom of the vacuum extraction tube (21). The vacuum waste liquid extraction tube (3) is sealed at both ends and has an internal vacuum. The bottom of the vacuum extraction tube (21) is provided with a second rubber sealing insertion hole (31) that cooperates with the second insertion tube (27).

2. The tissue sample DNA extraction tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a thermostat (4), which includes a base (41), a heat-conducting inner sleeve (42) that is set upward from the base (41) and has an open top, multiple semiconductor cooling chips (43) arranged around the heat-conducting inner sleeve (42), and a heat-conducting outer sleeve (44) that is sleeved over the semiconductor cooling chips (43). Each semiconductor cooling chip (43) has a heat-conducting plate (45) at both its hot and cold ends. Each heat-conducting plate (45) has an inner heat-conducting strip (46) that is connected inward to the heat-conducting inner sleeve (42) or outward to the heat-conducting outer sleeve (44). Multiple outer heat-conducting strips (47) are arranged outside the heat-conducting outer sleeve (44). A control circuit board is arranged inside the base (41), and a current direction switching circuit for changing the current direction of the semiconductor cooling chip (43) is arranged on the control circuit board.

3. The tissue sample DNA extraction tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: A cooling switch (48) for controlling the cooling of the semiconductor cooling chip (43) toward the end of the heat-conducting inner sleeve (42) is provided on the outside of the base (41). A heating switch (49) for controlling the heating of the semiconductor cooling chip (43) toward the end of the heat-conducting inner sleeve (42) is provided on the outside of the base (41). A temperature sensor is provided on the outer wall of the heat-conducting inner sleeve (42). A temperature display (410) for displaying the temperature detected by the temperature sensor is provided on the outside of the base (41).

4. The DNA extraction tool for tissue samples according to claim 2, characterized in that: A power cord (411) is connected to the outside of the base (41).

5. The tissue sample DNA extraction tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edge of the grinding extraction cap (12) away from the grinding tube (11) is provided with a first connecting collar (111) with internal threads and detachably connected to the end of the vacuum ethanol extraction tube (2) away from the opening end. The outer periphery of the vacuum ethanol extraction tube (2) away from its opening end is provided with an external thread that is threadedly connected to the first connecting collar (111). The height of the first connecting collar (111) is not lower than the height of the first insertion tube (110).

6. The tissue sample DNA extraction tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edge of the waste liquid extraction cap (22) away from the vacuum extraction tube (21) is provided with a second connecting collar (210) with internal threads and detachably connected to the end of the vacuum waste liquid extraction tube (3) near the second rubber sealing hole (31). The outer periphery of the end of the vacuum waste liquid extraction tube (3) near the second rubber sealing hole (31) is provided with an external thread that is threadedly connected to the second connecting collar (210). The height of the second connecting collar (210) is not lower than the height of the second tube (27).

7. The tissue sample DNA extraction tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum extraction tube (21) is sealed with anhydrous ethanol, but is not filled with anhydrous ethanol.

8. The DNA extraction tool for tissue samples according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding disc (14) has several mesh holes (15), and several arc-shaped cutters (16) are provided on the side of the grinding disc (14) facing the bottom of the grinding tube (11).

9. The DNA extraction tool for tissue samples according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing cap (23) is provided with a rubber sealing sleeve (28) for covering the second insertion tube (27).

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