An efficient strawberry seed collection method

Abstract

The invention discloses an efficient strawberry seed collection method, and relates to the technical field of strawberry seed collection. The method comprises the following steps: beating ripe strawberry fruits into strawberry seed pulp; placing a container containing the strawberry seed pulp in a water bath for heating; when the temperature of the strawberry seed pulp is the same as the temperature in the water bath, respectively adding pectin lyase, cellulase and pectinase to the strawberry seed pulp, and after heating for a period of time, sieving, kneading and washing the mixed liquid until there is no pulp and no connected pith on the surface of the seeds; finally, pouring the seeds in the sieve into a basin of clean water, pouring out the floating seeds on the upper layer, collecting the sinking seeds into a gauze bag, and drying them to obtain strawberry seeds. The seed collection method of the invention can obtain a large number of strawberry seeds, not only has a high seed collection rate, but also has a short seed collection time, which reduces the labor time of manual labor, and the seeds collected by the method have a high germination rate after sowing, good germination potential, improve the work efficiency of breeders, and can speed up the breeding process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of strawberry seed collection, and in particular to an efficient strawberry seed collection method. Background Art

[0002] Strawberry (Fragariaxananassa Duch.) is a perennial herbaceous plant, rich in nutrients such as vitamin C, carotene and cellulose. Strawberries mature early, have bright fruits, strong fragrance and good taste, and are deeply loved by the public. At present, the main means of studying new varieties and new materials of strawberries at home and abroad is hybrid breeding, but because the strawberry seeds are small and embedded in the flesh, it is difficult to obtain seeds and the germination rate is low, which seriously affects the breeding process of strawberries. At present, there are two main methods for collecting strawberry seeds. One is to select mature fruits, use a blade to cut them from the surface of the fruit in a spiral manner into long thin strips of seed-containing peel; with the seed-containing side facing up, lay them flat on waste newspapers; expose the waste newspapers with seed-containing peels in the sun or dry them in a drying box until the peels are shriveled and stick to the newspapers, and the strawberry seeds protrude from the paper surface in a separated state; collect the seeds. The Chinese invention patent with application number CN202210463512.6 discloses a method for collecting strawberry seeds, which is to cut the strawberry fruit into two halves from the middle and dig out the flesh in the middle; then dry the peel with strawberry seeds and rub it to collect the strawberry seeds. The Chinese invention patent with application number CN201110039186.8 discloses a method for collecting strawberry seeds, which is to separate the strawberry seeds from the flesh by shaving the seed-containing peel into thin slices, and then spread the seed-containing peel on paper for drying and collecting seeds. The above methods all have the following defects: due to the use of manual knife cutting and hand rubbing, the seed collection amount is small, and it is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and cannot meet the large-scale seed collection needs of breeding units. Another method is to crush the ripe strawberries with a machine and ferment them. Due to the long fermentation time, not only the strawberry seed collection time is long, but there is also a risk of reduced seed germination rate, which affects the seed quality.

[0003] Based on this, it is urgently necessary for personnel in this field to propose an efficient strawberry seed collection method with short seed collection time, high seed collection rate and high seed germination rate after seed collection. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims at the above problems and provides an efficient strawberry seed collection method, which solves the problems of long strawberry seed collection time, low seed collection rate and low germination rate after seed collection in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] An efficient strawberry seed collection method of the present invention specifically comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1: Blending ripe strawberry fruits into strawberry seed pulp;

[0008] S2: placing strawberry seed paste in a container, placing the container containing the strawberry seed paste in a water bath to heat it, and adding a certain amount of water to the strawberry seed paste;

[0009] S3: When the temperature of the strawberry seed pulp is the same as the temperature in the water bath, pectin lyase, cellulase and pectinase are added to the strawberry seed pulp respectively, and the mixture is stirred once every 15-20 minutes. After 40 minutes, the mixture is sieved, kneaded and rinsed until there is no pulp or connected pith on the surface of the seeds;

[0010] S4: Pour the seeds in the sieve into a basin of clean water, discard the floating seeds on the upper layer, collect the sinking seeds into a mesh bag, and dry them in the sun to obtain strawberry seeds.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S2, the temperature of the water bath is 50° C., and the volume ratio of the strawberry seed pulp to water is 1:1.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S3, pectin lyase, cellulase and pectinase account for 0.5‰, 10‰ and 0.05‰ of the mass of strawberry seed pulp respectively.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S3, the sieving mesh number is 24 meshes (aperture 0.8 mm), and kneading is performed for 2-3 minutes.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] Compared with the existing collection methods, the strawberry seed collection method of the present invention can obtain a large number of strawberry seeds, not only with a high seed collection rate, but also with a short seed collection time, reducing manual labor time, and obtaining dried seeds faster. The seeds collected by the method have a high germination rate and good germination potential after sowing, which improves the work efficiency of breeders and can speed up the breeding process. The problem of low seed collection rate, long seed collection time, time-consuming and labor-intensive, and low germination rate of collected seeds in the prior art is solved. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to make the purpose and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0017] The instruments, reagents, materials, etc. involved in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional instruments, reagents, materials, etc. in the prior art and can be obtained through regular commercial channels. The experimental methods, detection methods, etc. involved in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional experimental methods, detection methods, etc. in the prior art.

[0018] Example 1

[0019] The test materials in this embodiment are ripe fruits of the strawberry variety "Hongyan", which are provided by Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and the experiment is carried out at the Innovation Base of Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

[0020] An efficient strawberry seed collection method of this embodiment specifically includes the following steps:

[0021] S1: Select ripe strawberry fruits, remove the calyx, and use a machine to beat the ripe strawberry fruits into strawberry seed pulp;

[0022] S2: Pour the strawberry seed paste into a container, add water of the same volume as the strawberry seed paste, and then place the container containing the strawberry seed paste into a water bath for heating, wherein the temperature of the water bath is set to 50° C.;

[0023] S3: When the temperature of the strawberry seed pulp is the same as the temperature in the water bath, 0.5‰ of pectin lyase, 10‰ of cellulase and 0.05‰ of pectinase are added to the strawberry seed pulp respectively, and the mixture is stirred once every 20 minutes. After 40 minutes, the mixture is poured into a 24-mesh (pore size 0.8 mm) filter screen, kneaded for 2-3 minutes, and rinsed with clean water until there is no pulp and no connected pith on the surface of the seeds; in other specific embodiments, any interval time period of 15 minutes, 16 minutes, 17 minutes, 18 minutes or 19 minutes can be selected to stir once;

[0024] S4: Pour the seeds in the sieve into a basin filled with clean water, pour out the seeds floating on the upper layer, collect the seeds that sink into a mesh bag, and dry them in the sun. After drying, you can get strawberry seeds.

[0025] The seed collection rate of dried strawberry seeds is calculated according to the following formula:

[0026] Seed collection rate (%) = number of seeds that sink ÷ total number of seeds × 100%

[0027] Comparative Example 1

[0028] Collecting strawberry seeds by knife cutting

[0029] Select ripe fruits of the strawberry variety "Hongyan", use a blade to spirally cut the surface of the fruit into long thin strips of seed-containing peel; paste them flatly on waste newspapers with the seed-containing peel facing upwards; expose the waste newspapers with the seed-containing peels in the sun until the peels are dry and stick to the newspapers, and the strawberry seeds protrude from the paper surface in a separated state; collect the seeds from the paper surface and put them in bags for later use.

[0030] Comparative Example 2

[0031] Collecting strawberry seeds using fermentation method

[0032] Select the ripe fruits of the strawberry variety "Hongyan", remove the calyx, use a machine to beat the ripe strawberry fruits into strawberry seed pulp, put them into a container, seal it with plastic wrap, and ferment for 13-20 days depending on the temperature during the fermentation period. Then, sieve, rub, and rinse the mixed liquid until there is no pulp on the surface of the seeds. Pour the seeds in the sieve into a basin filled with clean water, pour out the floating seeds on the upper layer, put the sinking seeds into a gauze bag, dry them in the sun, rub them again after drying, remove impurities in the seeds, and you can get strawberry seeds.

[0033] The time and seed collection rate of collecting seeds of 20 strawberry fruits and drying the seeds in Example 1, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 were respectively counted, and the average value was taken after repeating 3 times. The results are shown in Table 1:

[0034] Table 1

[0035]

[0036] As shown in Table 1, by using the method of this embodiment to collect strawberry seeds, dried strawberry seeds can be obtained in 2-3 days, while the knife-cutting method in Comparative Example 1 requires 4-6 days to obtain dried strawberry seeds, and the fermentation method in Comparative Example 2 requires 13-20 days to obtain dried strawberry seeds. The seed collection rates of the seed collection methods of Embodiment 1 and Comparative Example 1 can both reach 95%, while in Comparative Example 2, due to the presence of unfermented pulp, the seeds will be washed away together with the seeds during washing, resulting in a seed collection rate of only 85%.

[0037] 100 strawberry seeds collected by the methods of Example 1, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 were respectively taken to measure the germination rate, germination potential and germination index. The test was repeated 3 times. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0038] To determine the germination rate, first treat the strawberry seeds with 12% hydrogen peroxide for 1 hour, rinse them with distilled water, and place them in a 32-hole tray filled with vermiculite to keep the substrate moist. Treat 100 strawberry seeds in each hole. After treatment, investigate the number of germinations every 3 days. If the seeds do not germinate for 5 days, the germination is considered complete and the germination rate is calculated.

[0039] Germination rate (%) = (germinated seeds / total number of tested seeds) × 100%;

[0040] Germination potential (%) = (number of seeds germinated within 15 days / total number of seeds tested) × 100%;

[0041] Germination index (Gi) = ∑Gt / Dt

[0042] Where Gt is the number of germinations at different times (t); Dt is the corresponding germination time.

[0043] Table 2

[0044]

[0045] By analyzing the data in Table 2, it can be seen that the germination potential, germination rate and germination index of the strawberry seeds sown after the method of this embodiment is higher than the germination potential, germination rate and germination index of the strawberry seeds sown after the method of comparative example 1 and comparative example 2. After the strawberry seeds are sown by the method of this embodiment, the germination potential of sowing is as high as 76.33%, the germination rate is as high as 95.67%, and the germination index Gi is 11.8, which is significantly different from the two harvesting methods in the comparative example.

[0046] In summary, the method of this embodiment is used to collect strawberry seeds, which not only has a high seed collection rate and can obtain a large number of seeds, but also has a short seed collection time, reduces manual labor time, and obtains dried seeds faster. The germination rate after sowing is high and the germination potential is good, which improves the work efficiency of breeders and can speed up the breeding process.

[0047] The seed collection method of the present invention can also be applied to tomatoes, watermelons and the like.

[0048] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An efficient strawberry seed collection method, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Blending ripe strawberry fruits into strawberry seed pulp; S2: placing strawberry seed paste in a container, placing the container containing the strawberry seed paste in a 50° C. water bath for heating, and adding a certain amount of water to the strawberry seed paste; the volume ratio of the strawberry seed paste to water is 1:1; S3: When the temperature of the strawberry seed pulp is the same as the temperature in the water bath, pectin lyase, cellulase and pectinase are added to the strawberry seed pulp respectively, and the mixture is stirred once every 15-20 minutes. After 40 minutes, the mixture is sieved, kneaded and rinsed until there is no pulp or connected pith on the surface of the seeds; S4: Pour the seeds in the sieve into a basin of clean water, discard the floating seeds on the upper layer, collect the sinking seeds into a mesh bag, and dry them in the sun to obtain strawberry seeds.

2. An efficient strawberry seed collection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, pectin lyase, cellulase and pectinase account for 0.5‰, 10‰ and 0.05‰ of the mass of the strawberry seed pulp respectively.

3. An efficient strawberry seed collection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S3, the sieve mesh is 24 mesh and kneading is performed for 2-3 minutes.

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