Antenna device and base station having the same

Abstract

The present invention provides an antenna device, the antenna device comprising an antenna array for transmitting a signal. The antenna array comprises a plurality of radiating elements, each radiating element being used to radiate the signal with a predetermined phase. The antenna device also comprises other radiating elements that are not part of the antenna array. The phase of the signal of each radiating element of the antenna array is controlled so that the signal radiated by the radiating element of the array destructively interferes at least a portion of the other radiating elements. This helps to reduce mutual coupling between the plurality of radiating elements in the antenna array of the antenna device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to an antenna device including a plurality of radiating elements and a base station including one or more such antenna devices, and in particular to an antenna device having a plurality of radiating elements that are decoupled from each other. Background Art

[0002] The use of wireless terminals is climbing around the world, from mobile phones to tablets and personal digital assistants (PDAs), as well as many other devices with wireless connectivity. This surge in wireless devices with Internet connectivity has created a demand for higher data throughput. In fifth generation (5G) mobile terminals, multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) technology is the main enabling technology to increase data throughput using multiple antenna elements on mobile devices and at base stations. One of the key technologies to enable the next generation of mobile communications is massive MIMO (mMIMO) below 6 GHz.

[0003] While mMIMO antenna systems will be key to the 5G standard, regulations in some countries may be a limiting factor. For example, some proposed regulations require that new antennas be comparable in size to legacy products for site acquisition and site upgrades. In addition, to be able to maintain the mechanical support structure of the site, the wind loads on new antennas should be comparable to legacy products. These factors result in very strict limits on the width of the antenna. Therefore, when several independent antenna arrays are placed in a small reflector of the antenna as required to achieve high throughput, coupling is often sufficient to affect antenna performance. In particular, when dipoles are placed on a small reflector in a side-by-side configuration, the horizontal beam width increases, the directivity decreases, and the signals between adjacent arrays become more correlated, so the antenna array performance decreases. This coupling effect also places a limit on antenna miniaturization.

[0004] Current approaches to addressing the high coupling problem between antenna arrays rely on placing structures that behave as perfect electric conductors (PECs) between the antenna arrays. This way, the electromagnetic fields are reflected and the side-by-side antenna arrays do not receive power from each other, thereby improving isolation. However, a limitation of this approach is that by placing a PEC to isolate the antenna arrays, the available aperture of each antenna array is reduced, affecting antenna performance. Other existing solutions rely on narrowband circuits to eliminate coupling.

[0005] In one example, a "Yagi-Uda" antenna, also known as a Yagi antenna, employs end-fire antenna arrays that use a reflective arrangement to cause at least a portion of the energy of an end-fire slow-wave array to traverse back along the array to increase the effective length of the array, thereby increasing the antenna gain. In another example, an electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) structure is used to generate a stop band to block electromagnetic waves of certain frequency bands by forming a fine, periodic pattern of small metal patches on a dielectric substrate, thereby reducing mutual coupling. In yet another example, a metamaterial electromagnetic insulator is formed on the antenna by embedding a circuit metamaterial that operates in a non-propagating spectral region. In yet another example, a neutralization line is provided to compensate for existing electromagnetic coupling through a direct connection based on a conductive link. The conductive link acts as a neutralization device by taking a certain amount of signal on one antenna and feeding it back to the other antennas.

[0006] There are one or more disadvantages associated with existing solutions. Therefore, based on the above discussion, there is a need to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages associated with traditional antenna devices. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention seeks to provide an antenna device, and a base station comprising one or more antenna devices. The present invention seeks to provide a solution to the existing problem of high coupling associated with conventional antenna devices having multiple radiating elements. The object of the present invention is to provide a solution that at least partially overcomes the problems encountered in the prior art and improves the isolation between multiple radiating elements in an antenna device.

[0008] The objects of the invention are achieved by what is presented in the attached independent claim. Advantageous implementations of the invention are further defined in the dependent claims.

[0009] In one aspect, an antenna device is provided. The antenna device includes an antenna array for transmitting a signal. The antenna array includes a plurality of radiating elements, each radiating element for radiating the signal with a predetermined phase. The antenna device also includes other radiating elements that are not part of the antenna array. Herein, the phase of the signal of each radiating element of the antenna array is controlled so that the signal radiated by the radiating element of the array destructively interferes at least a portion of the other radiating elements.

[0010] The antenna device of the present invention provides a destructive superposition of electromagnetic fields from multiple radiating elements of an antenna array in an antenna device having more than one collocated signal source by using a multipath environment generated by other radiating elements that are not part of the antenna array. This minimizes mutual coupling between multiple radiating elements of the antenna array of the antenna device, thereby improving the efficiency and performance of the antenna device. This can also be used to miniaturize the width of an antenna device having several independent antenna arrays.

[0011] In one implementation, the antenna array is an end-fire array.

[0012] In the antenna device of the present invention, the end-fire array arrangement of the antenna array helps to avoid radiation perpendicular to the radiation axis of the radiating elements in the antenna array. In addition, due to the resonance generated thereby, the antenna array exhibits a narrower beam and high directivity.

[0013] In one implementation, the other radiating elements are located on the side beams of the antenna array.

[0014] In the antenna device of the present invention, the other radiating elements are located on the side beam of the antenna array, i.e., adjacent to the antenna array along a base axis perpendicular to the radiation direction of the other radiating elements. This supports the destructive superposition of the signals radiated by the radiating elements of the antenna array at at least a portion of the other radiating elements.

[0015] In one implementation, each of the plurality of radiating elements is configured to radiate the signal with a different amplitude, wherein the amplitude of the signal of each radiating element is determined so that a superimposed amplitude of the signals can be controlled at at least a portion of the other radiating elements.

[0016] In the antenna device of the present invention, the amplitudes of signals radiated by multiple radiating elements are different from each other, but it is determined to be helpful to configure other radiating elements to generate signals with amplitude differences so as to cause destructive superposition at least in part thereof, thereby generating a controllable amplitude of the signal after superposition, thereby controlling the coupling effect in the antenna array of the antenna device.

[0017] In one implementation, the amplitude of the signal for each radiating element includes a variation based on a frequency of the signal.

[0018] In the antenna device of the present invention, the amplitude of the signal of each radiating element is controlled at the corresponding frequency to support the destructive interference of the signal of each radiating element on different paths at at least a part of other radiating elements. In this way, the coupling effect of the entire signal bandwidth or only a part of the bandwidth can be reduced.

[0019] In one implementation, the distance between the antenna array and the other radiating elements is determined such that the signals radiated by the radiating elements of the array destructively interfere at the at least a portion of the other radiating elements.

[0020] In one implementation, the phase of the signal of each radiating element is controlled so that the signals radiated by the radiating elements of the array destructively interfere at input ports of the other radiating elements.

[0021] In the antenna device of the present invention, the distance between the antenna array and other radiating elements is determined so that the signal radiated by each radiating element of the antenna array has a phase and amplitude at at least a portion of the other radiating elements, and the phase and amplitude cause destructive superposition there, thereby reducing the coupling effect in the antenna array of the antenna device.

[0022] In one implementation, the plurality of radiating elements are spaced apart along a radiation axis parallel to a radiation direction of the antenna array.

[0023] In the antenna device of the present invention, since the maximum power of the antenna array is transmitted in the radiation direction (especially in the case of an end-fire array antenna), a plurality of radiating elements can achieve high gain and sharp directivity in a confined space.

[0024] In one implementation, the antenna device includes another antenna array. The other antenna array includes a plurality of radiating elements. The plurality of radiating elements of the other antenna array includes the other radiating element.

[0025] In the antenna device of the present invention, the other antenna array whose multiple radiating elements are the other radiating elements is positioned / calibrated relative to the multiple radiating elements so as to achieve destructive interference of the signals of the multiple radiating elements of the antenna array at at least a portion of the other radiating elements, thereby helping to reduce the coupling effect in the antenna array of the antenna device.

[0026] In one implementation, the signal radiated by the radiating element of the antenna array destructively interferes at at least a portion of each radiating element of the other antenna arrays.

[0027] As described above, the other antenna array whose multiple radiating elements are the other radiating elements supports destructive interference of signals of the multiple radiating elements of the antenna array at at least a portion of the other radiating elements, thereby reducing coupling effects in the antenna array of the antenna device.

[0028] In one implementation, the antenna array and the other antenna arrays are arranged parallel to each other.

[0029] In one implementation, the other antenna array is configured to radiate within a frequency range that at least partially overlaps with a frequency range of the antenna array.

[0030] Since, as described above, the signals radiated by the radiating elements of the antenna array may have variations in the frequency of the signals, other radiating elements in other antenna arrays radiate corresponding signals within a frequency range that at least partially overlaps with the frequency range of the antenna array, so as to achieve destructive interference of signals with different frequencies of the radiating elements of the antenna array at at least a portion of the other radiating elements, thereby helping to reduce the coupling effect in the antenna array of the antenna device.

[0031] In one implementation, the antenna device also includes a phase changing element, which is arranged between one or more of the radiating elements and the other radiating elements, wherein when the signal radiated by one or more of the radiating elements passes through the phase changing element, the phase changing element is used to introduce a phase adjustment into the signal, wherein the phase adjustment of the phase changing element is determined so that the signal radiated by the radiating elements of the array destructively interferes at at least a portion of the other radiating elements.

[0032] The phase changing element modifies the phase of a signal radiated by one or more of the radiating elements by introducing a phase adjustment into the signal to ensure that the signal radiated by the radiating elements of the array destructively interferes at least a portion of the other radiating elements, thereby helping to reduce coupling effects in an antenna array of an antenna device.

[0033] In one implementation, the antenna device further comprises a processor for controlling the phase of the signal of each radiating element.

[0034] The processor determines the phase of the signal to be radiated by the radiating elements of the array and controls each radiating element to radiate the signal according to the corresponding determined phase to ensure destructive interference at at least a portion of the other radiating elements, thereby helping to reduce coupling effects in the antenna array of the antenna device.

[0035] In another aspect, a base station comprising one or more antenna devices is provided.

[0036] A base station having one or more antenna devices as described above provides advantages and effects achieved thereby. Since the signals radiated by a radiating element (of the antenna array) destructively interfere at least a portion of its other radiating elements, the mutual coupling of each of the one or more antenna devices of the base station is reduced.

[0037] It should be understood that all implementations discussed above can be combined together.It should be noted that all devices, elements, circuits, units and modules described in this application can be implemented in software or hardware elements or any type of combination thereof.All steps performed by various entities described in this application and the described functions to be performed by various entities are intended to indicate that the corresponding entities are suitable for or used to perform the corresponding steps and functions.Although in the description of the following specific embodiments, the specific functions or steps performed by external entities are not reflected in the description of the specific detailed elements of the entities performing the specific steps or functions, it should be clear to the technician that these methods and functions can be implemented by corresponding hardware or software elements or any combination thereof.It is understandable that the features of the present invention are easy to be combined in various combinations without departing from the scope of the present invention defined by the appended claims.

[0038] Additional aspects, advantages, features and objects of the present invention will become apparent from the accompanying drawings and detailed description of illustrative implementations interpreted in conjunction with the following appended claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] The above summary of the invention and the following detailed description of illustrative embodiments may be better understood when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In order to illustrate the present invention, exemplary structures of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific methods and tools disclosed herein. In addition, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the accompanying drawings are not drawn to scale. Where possible, identical elements are represented by identical numerals.

[0040] Embodiments of the present invention will now be described by way of example only with reference to the following figures, in which:

[0041] Figure 1A is an illustrative diagram of an antenna device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 1B is an illustrative diagram of an antenna device provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 1C is an illustrative diagram of an antenna array of an antenna device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2A is a schematic diagram of an antenna device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2B is a schematic diagram of an antenna device provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2C is a schematic diagram of an antenna device with a phase change element provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3A is an illustrative diagram of an antenna device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3B According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3A Graphical representation of the scattering parameters of an antenna device;

[0049] Figure 4 is a block diagram of a base station having one or more antenna devices provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] In the drawings, underlined numbers are used to indicate the item in which the underlined number is located or an item adjacent to the underlined number. Non-underlined numbers are associated with the item identified by the line that associates the non-underlined number with the item. When a number is not underlined and has an associated arrow, the non-underlined number is used to identify the general item that the arrow points to. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The following detailed description describes embodiments of the invention and ways in which these embodiments may be implemented. Although some modes of implementing the invention have been disclosed, those skilled in the art will recognize that there may be other embodiments for implementing or practicing the invention.

[0052] Figure 1A is an illustrative diagram of an antenna device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1A , an antenna device 100 is shown. In the present invention, the antenna device 100 may also be referred to as an antenna system, or an antenna element of an antenna. The antenna device 100 of the present invention is used for telecommunication applications. In one example, the antenna device 100 may be used in a wireless communication system. Examples of such wireless communication systems include, but are not limited to, base stations (e.g., evolved node B (eNB), gNB, etc.), repeater equipment, user premises equipment, and other customized telecommunication hardware.

[0053] like Figure 1A As shown, the antenna device 100 includes an antenna array 102. The antenna device 100 also includes another antenna array 104, sometimes also referred to as another antenna device 104, without any limitation. The antenna array 102 includes a plurality of radiating elements, namely a first radiating element 106A and a second radiating element 106B. Similarly, the other antenna array 104 includes another radiating element, or specifically, a plurality of another radiating elements, namely a first another radiating element 108A and a second another radiating element 108B. Figure 1BAnother exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna device 100 having another antenna array 104, the other antenna array 104 including one other radiating element, such as a second other radiating element 108B. In the example shown, the antenna device 100 further includes a base 110. The base 110 is arranged to support the antenna array 102 and the other antenna array 104 therein, and is used to act as an antenna reflector for the antenna array 102 and the other antenna array 104.

[0054] Figure 1C 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna array 102 provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the antenna array 102 includes a first radiating element 106A and a second radiating element 106B. The antenna array 102 also includes a meander line 112, a power divider 114 and a printed circuit board (PCB) substrate 116. The first radiating element 106A includes a first polarization top dipole arm 118A, a second polarization top dipole arm 120A, a printed circuit board (PCB) substrate 122A and a top dipole balun 124A. The second radiating element 106B includes a first polarization bottom dipole arm 118B, a second polarization bottom dipole arm 120B, a printed circuit board (PCB) substrate 122B and a bottom dipole balun 124B. The second radiating element 106B also includes a loop 126. Here, the meander line 112 is used to control the phase difference between the dipoles. The power divider 114 is used to control the amplitude difference between the dipoles. The printed circuit board (PCB) substrate 116 mechanically supports and electrically connects the components of the antenna array 102 using, for example, conductive tracks and pads. The components are typically soldered to the PCB substrate 116 to electrically connect and mechanically secure the components. Here, the ring 126 is used for impedance matching and beam width improvement.

[0055] In addition, the first polarization top dipole arm 118A and the second polarization top dipole arm 120A are two identical conductive elements of equal length, and when the dipole arms are excited by current, they radiate a pattern that approximates the pattern of a basic electric dipole. The printed circuit board (PCB) substrate 122A is similar to the PCB substrate 116, so for the sake of simplicity of the present invention, it is not explained here. The top dipole balun 124A is used to balance the unbalanced power flow from the unbalanced line to the balanced line. For the first polarization top dipole arm 118A and the second polarization top dipole arm 120A, the current on the two arms of the dipole should be equal in magnitude. However, the currents are not necessarily equal. The top dipole balun 124A forces the current or current choke to choke and restore balanced operation.

[0056] Similarly, the first polarization bottom dipole arm 118B and the second polarization bottom dipole arm 120B are two identical conductive elements of equal length that radiate a pattern that approximates the pattern of a basic electric dipole when the dipole arms are excited by current. A printed circuit board (PCB) substrate 122B is similar to the PCB substrate 116 and is therefore not explained herein for the sake of brevity of the present invention. A bottom dipole balun 124B is used to balance the unbalanced power flow from the unbalanced line to the balanced line. For the first polarization bottom dipole arm 118B and the second polarization bottom dipole arm 120B, the currents on the two arms of the dipole should be equal in magnitude. However, the currents are not necessarily equal. The bottom dipole balun 124B forces the current or current choke to choke and restore balanced operation.

[0057] Combination reference Figure 1A and Figure 1C , the antenna device 100 includes an antenna array 102 for sending signals. In some examples, the antenna array 102 may also be referred to as a radiation device, and the radiation elements 106A and 106B may be referred to as antenna elements. The signal sent by the antenna array 102 is an electromagnetic wave for wireless communication. Typically, the signal sent by the antenna array 102 may have a frequency band in the range of 100 MHz to 10 MHz. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the signal may be an extremely high frequency signal, for example, in the millimeter wave range. Each radiation element 106A and 106B of the antenna array 102 is juxtaposed to operate at the same frequency and fed independently. Therefore, the antenna array 102 can be used in a wireless communication system. Examples of wireless communication systems include, but are not limited to, base stations (e.g., evolved node B (eNB), gNB, etc.), repeater equipment, user premises equipment, and other customized telecommunications hardware known in the art.

[0058] The antenna array 102 includes a plurality of radiating elements 106A, 106B, each radiating element being used to radiate a signal with a predetermined phase. As discussed, the antenna array 102 includes a plurality of radiating elements, namely a first radiating element 106A and a second radiating element 106B. The plurality of radiating elements 106A, 106B radiate highly directional electromagnetic signals for wireless communication. Here, the first radiating element 106A and the second radiating element 106B are arranged adjacent to each other and electrically connected to each other to form the antenna array 102. It is understood that the antenna array 102 includes at least two radiating elements; however, the antenna array 102 may include any number of radiating elements, such as three radiating elements, such as a first radiating element, a second radiating element, a third radiating element, and the like, depending on the application and configuration of the antenna array 102 without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention.

[0059] Here, the phase of a signal represents a specific time point on a cycle of a signal waveform, measured in degrees, with the period of one cycle of the signal waveform being divided into 360 degrees or 2π radians. The term "phase" is meaningful for a wave that repeats itself over time. Each of the first radiating element 106A and the second radiating element 106B radiates a corresponding signal. By stimulating each of the plurality of radiating elements 106A and 106B differently, the signal radiated by the first radiating element 106A and the signal radiated by the second radiating element 106B are radiated at a determined phase. Here, for example, the predetermined phase of the radiated signal may be anywhere within a range of 0 to 360 degrees. In this implementation, the predetermined phase may be 0, 40, 80, 120, 160, 200, 240, 280, 320 degrees, or 360 degrees. In one example, there is a phase difference between the signal of the first radiating element 106A and the signal of the second radiating element 106B. For example, the phase difference between the radiation signals of the first radiation element 106A and the second radiation element 106B is in the range of 0 to 360 degrees. In this implementation, the phase difference can vary from 0, 40, 80, 120, 160, 200, 240, 280, or 320 degrees to 40, 80, 120, 160, 200, 240, 280, 320, or 360 degrees.

[0060] According to an embodiment, the antenna array 102 is an end-fire array. An end-fire array (also referred to as two juxtaposed radiating structures) is an array in which a plurality of identical radiating elements are generally placed at equal intervals and fed with current sources of generally equal amplitude, but the phase of the current sources is gradually varied to achieve a highly unidirectional radiation pattern. An end-fire array may also be defined as an array in which the direction of maximum radiation coincides with the direction of the radiation axis A of the array. That is, the end-fire array provides maximum radiation along its radiation axis A. The end-fire array arrangement of the antenna array 102 helps to avoid radiation perpendicular to the radiation axis A of the radiating elements 106A, 106B in the antenna array 102; and due to the resonance thus generated, the antenna array 102 exhibits a narrower beam and high directivity.

[0061] According to one embodiment, the plurality of radiating elements 106A, 106B are spaced apart along a radiation axis A that is parallel to the radiation direction of the antenna array 102. As discussed, the radiation direction is the direction in which the antenna array 102 radiates the greatest signal strength and, therefore, the greatest power. Since the antenna array 102 is an end-fire array, the greatest power of the antenna array 102 is transmitted along the radiation axis A. Therefore, the plurality of radiating elements 106A, 106B are spaced apart along the radiation axis A. Figure 1AAs shown, in this example, the first radiating element 106A is placed above the second radiating element 106B and is spaced apart from the second radiating element 106B along the radiation axis A. This helps to achieve high gain and sharp directivity in the limited space of the antenna array 102.

[0062] The antenna device 100 also includes other radiating elements 108A, 108B that are not part of the antenna array 102. According to one embodiment, the antenna device 100 includes another antenna array 104, the other antenna array 104 includes a plurality of radiating elements, and the plurality of radiating elements of the other antenna array 104 include the other radiating elements 108A, 108B. Here, the other radiating elements 108A, 108B are part of the other antenna array 104. In some examples, the other antenna array 104 may also be referred to as a radiating device, and the other radiating elements 108A, 108B may also be referred to as other antenna elements. As discussed, the other antenna array 104 includes a plurality of other radiating elements, namely a first other radiating element 108A and a second other radiating element 108B. The plurality of radiating elements 108A, 108B radiate highly directional electromagnetic signals. Here, the first other radiating element 108A and the second other radiating element 108B are arranged adjacent to each other and are electrically connected to each other to form the other antenna array 104. Similar to the antenna array 102, the signal transmitted by the other antenna array 104 may have a frequency band in the range of 100 MHz to 10 MHz. In addition, similar to the antenna array 102, each of the other radiating elements 108A, 108B of the other antenna array 104 is juxtaposed to operate at the same frequency and is fed independently. It is understood that the other antenna array 104 includes at least one other radiating element; however, the other antenna array 104 may include any number of other radiating elements, such as three radiating elements, such as a first other radiating element, a second other radiating element, a third other radiating element, and so on, depending on the application and configuration of the other antenna array 104 and the antenna array 102 without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention.

[0063] According to one embodiment, the signals radiated by the radiating elements 106A, 106B of the antenna array 102 destructively interfere at least a portion of each radiating element 108A, 108B of the other antenna arrays 104. Here, the destructive interference at at least a portion of the other radiating elements 108A, 108B of the other antenna arrays 104 causes the amplitude of the signals radiated by the radiating elements 106A, 106B of the antenna array 102 to be reduced after superposition, thereby reducing the mutual coupling between the radiating elements 106A, 106B of the antenna array 102.

[0064] In the antenna device 100, the phase of the signal of each radiating element 106A, 106B of the antenna array 102 is controlled so that the signal radiated by the radiating elements 106A, 106B of the array 102 destructively interferes at at least a portion of the other radiating elements 108A, 108B. It can be understood that the phase of each signal of the first radiating element 106A and the second radiating element 106B is determined so that the other radiating elements 108A, 108B can be positioned / calibrated so that the signal of the first radiating element 106A and the signal of the second radiating element 106B destructively interfere at at least a portion of the other radiating elements 108A, 108B of the other antenna array 104. Therefore, the amplitude of the signal radiated by the radiating elements 106A, 106B of the antenna array 102 after superposition is minimized at at least a portion of the other radiating elements 108A, 108B, thereby reducing the mutual coupling between the radiating elements 106A, 106B of the antenna array 102.

[0065] It should be noted that the signals radiated by the other radiating elements 108A, 108B of the other antenna arrays 104 are also radiated with a predetermined phase. It is conceivable that the predetermined phase of the signals radiated by the other radiating elements 108A, 108B is in the range of 0 to 360 degrees. In this implementation, the predetermined phase is typically 0, 40, 80, 120, 160, 200, 240, 280 or 320 degrees up to 40, 80, 120, 160, 200, 240, 280, 320 or 360 degrees. The phases of the signals radiated by the other radiating elements 108A, 108B are determined so that the radiating elements 106A, 106B can be positioned / calibrated so that the signals of the other radiating elements 108A, 108B destructively interfere at least a portion of the radiating elements 106A, 106B of the antenna array 102 after superposition, thereby reducing mutual coupling between the radiating elements 106A, 106B of the antenna array 102. In one example, the signals radiated by the plurality of other radiating elements 108A, 108B may have phase differences therebetween. For example, the phase difference between the signals of the first other radiating element 108A and the second other radiating element 108B of the other antenna array 104 is in the range of 0 degrees to 360 degrees. In such an implementation, the phase difference is typically 0, 40, 80, 120, 160, 200, 240, 280 or 320 degrees up to 40, 80, 120, 160, 200, 240, 280, 320 or 360 degrees.

[0066] According to one embodiment, the antenna device 100 includes a processor (not shown) for controlling the phase of the signal of each radiating element 106A, 106B. As discussed, the phase of the signal of each radiating element 106A, 106B of the antenna array 102 is controlled so that the signal radiated by the radiating element 106A, 106B of the array 102 destructively interferes at least a portion of the other radiating elements 108A, 108B. The processor can determine the appropriate phase of the signal of each radiating element 106A, 106B of the antenna array 102 so that the signal of each radiating element 106A, 106B destructively interferes with other signals radiated by the radiating elements 106A, 106B of the antenna array 102 at at least a portion of the other radiating elements 108A, 108B of the other antenna arrays 104. The processor can achieve this by steering or exciting the radiating elements 106A, 106B of the antenna array 102 with different phases and amplitudes.

[0067] It is understood that the processor can be any analog device or digital device capable of controlling the radiating elements 106A, 106B in the antenna array 102. In this example, the processor refers to a computing element that can be used to respond to and process instructions for determining the phase of a signal. Optionally, the processor includes but is not limited to a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a complex instruction set computing (CISC) microprocessor, a reduced instruction set computing (RISC) microprocessor, a very long instruction word (VLIW) microprocessor, or any other type of processing circuit. In addition, the term "processor" can refer to one or more separate processors, processing devices, and various elements associated with the processing device that can be shared by other processing devices. In addition, one or more separate processors, processing devices, and processing elements are arranged in various architectures for responding to and processing received instructions related to signal operations.

[0068] According to one embodiment, the other radiating elements 108A, 108B are located on the side beams of the antenna array 102. Figure 1A As shown, the other radiating elements 108A, 108B of the other antenna array 104 are located near the radiating elements 106A, 106B of the antenna array 102 along the base axis B. Here, the base axis B is perpendicular to the radiation direction A of the radiating elements 106A, 106B of the antenna array 102. Furthermore, as discussed, the other radiating elements 108A, 108B are part of the other antenna array 104.

[0069] According to one embodiment, the antenna array 102 and the other antenna array 104 are arranged parallel to each other. It is expected that the antenna array 102 and the other antenna array 104 are arranged parallel to each other, and the other radiating elements 108A, 108B of the other antenna array 104 are located on the broadside of the antenna array 102, so that the signals radiated by the radiating elements 106A, 106B of the antenna array 102 are destructively superimposed at at least a portion of the other radiating elements 108A, 108B.

[0070] According to one embodiment, the distance between the antenna array 102 and the other radiating elements 108A, 108B is determined such that the signals radiated by the radiating elements 106A, 106B of the array 102 destructively interfere at at least a portion of the other radiating elements 108A, 108B. Figure 1A As shown, the antenna array 102 and the other antenna arrays 104 are spaced apart along a base axis B. The base axis B is a horizontal axis perpendicular to the radiation axis A of the antenna array 102, along which the antenna array 102 and the other antenna arrays 104 are arranged. It can be expected that the phase of the signal radiated by each of the multiple radiating elements 106A, 106B of the antenna array 102 depends on the distance that the signal waveform has propagated. The distance between the antenna array 102 and the other antenna arrays 104 is determined so that the signals radiated by each of the multiple radiating elements 106A, 106B of the antenna array 102 are out of phase with each other to destructively interfere at the other radiating elements 108A, 108B. This ensures that the amplitude of the superposition of the signals radiated by each of the multiple radiating elements 106A, 106B of the antenna array 102 is reduced to minimize the mutual coupling between the radiating elements 106A, 106B.

[0071] According to one embodiment, the other antenna arrays 104 are configured to radiate within a frequency range that at least partially overlaps with the frequency range of the antenna array 102. As discussed, the signals radiated by the other antenna arrays 104 are radio frequency waves transmitted by the other radiating elements 108A, 108B therein. It may be desirable that the signals radiated by each of the plurality of radiating elements 106A, 106B of the antenna array 102 may destructively interfere at the other radiating elements 108A, 108B of the other antenna arrays 104. This ensures that the amplitude of the superposition of the signals radiated by each of the plurality of radiating elements 106A, 106B of the antenna array 102 is reduced to minimize mutual coupling between the radiating elements 106A, 106B. To this end, it may be necessary for at least a portion of the frequency range of the signals radiated by the other radiating elements 108A, 108B of the other antenna array 104 to overlap with the signals radiated by each of the multiple radiating elements 106A, 106B of the antenna array 102 to support destructive interference at at least a portion of the other radiating elements 108A, 108B of the other antenna array 104.

[0072] In one or more examples, the plurality of other radiating elements 108A, 108B of the other antenna arrays 104 are fed directly from the same source as the radiating elements 106A, 106B of the antenna array 102, such that the signals radiated by the other radiating elements 108A, 108B of the other antenna arrays 104 have overlapping frequency bands with the signals radiated by the other radiating elements 108A, 108B of the antenna array 102. In one example, the frequency range of the antenna array 102 is 200 MHz to 250 MHz, while the frequency range of the other antenna arrays 104 is 200 MHz to 300 MHz, resulting in a 50 MHz overlap between 200 MHz and 250 MHz.

[0073] According to one embodiment, the plurality of radiating elements 106A, 106B are each used to radiate signals with different amplitudes, wherein the amplitude of the signal of each radiating element 106A, 106B is determined so that the amplitude of the superposition of the signals is minimized at at least a portion of the other radiating elements 108A, 108B. Here, the amplitudes of the signals radiated by the plurality of radiating elements 106A, 106B are different from each other, but the amplitudes are determined (i.e., known) to help position / calibrate the other radiating elements 108A, 108B so as to cause the destructive superposition of the signal of each radiating element 106A, 106B at at least a portion of the other radiating elements 108A, 108B, resulting in the amplitude of the signal of each radiating element 106A, 106B after superposition (i.e., destructive interference) being minimized, thereby reducing the coupling effect in the antenna array 102 of the antenna device 100.

[0074] According to one embodiment, the signal amplitude of each radiating element 106A, 106B includes a change based on the signal frequency. That is, the amplitude of the signal radiated by the first radiating element 106A and the amplitude of the signal radiated by the second radiating element 106B vary based on the frequency change, so as to control the amplitude of the signal within the frequency range, so that there is a signal spectrum with a varying frequency and amplitude, and therefore, the possibility of destructive superposition at at least a portion of the other radiating elements 108A, 108B increases, resulting in the amplitude after signal superposition (i.e., destructive interference) being minimized, thereby reducing the coupling effect in the antenna array 102 of the antenna device 100.

[0075] Figure 2A 2 is an exemplary diagram of an antenna device 200A provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2A As shown in the figure, the antenna device 200A includes a plurality of radiating elements 106A, 106B of the antenna array 102 and other radiating elements 108A, 108B of the other antenna array 104. Here, the signal radiated by the radiating elements 106A, 106B is referred to as a "first signal", and the signal radiated by the other radiating elements 108A, 108B is referred to as a "second signal". The amplitude and phase of the first signal radiated by the first radiating element 106A relative to the first other radiating element 108A are represented as a0 and α0, respectively; the amplitude and phase of the signal radiated by the first radiating element 106A relative to the second other radiating element 108B are represented as a1 and α1, respectively. In addition, the amplitude and phase of the signal radiated by the second radiating element 106B relative to the first other radiating element 108A are represented as a2 and α2, respectively; the amplitude and phase of the signal radiated by the second radiating element 106B relative to the second other radiating element 108B are represented as a3 and α3, respectively. In addition, the amplitude and phase of the second signal radiated by the first other radiating element 108A relative to the first radiating element 106A are represented as b0 and β0, respectively; the amplitude and phase of the second signal radiated by the first other radiating element 108A relative to the second radiating element 106B are represented as b1 and β1, respectively. In addition, the amplitude and phase of the second signal radiated by the second other radiating element 108B relative to the first radiating element 106A are represented as b2 and β2, respectively; the amplitude and phase of the signal radiated by the second other radiating element 108B relative to the second radiating element 106B are represented as b3 and β3, respectively.

[0076] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the amplitude and phase of the first signal of each radiating element 106A, 106B of the antenna array 102 are determined to locate / calibrate the other radiating elements 108A, 108B of the other antenna array 104, so that the amplitude of the first signal radiated by the radiating elements 106A, 106B is minimized at least a portion of the other radiating elements 108A, 108B, thereby reducing the coupling effect between the radiating elements 106A, 106B in the antenna array 102 of the antenna device 200A. The superposition cancellation of the signal at the position of one other radiating element 108A, 108B of the other antenna array 104 is expressed as the following equation,

[0077] y(a1,α1)+y(a3,α3)=0 (1)

[0078] y(a2,α2)+y(a0,α0)=0 (2)

[0079] Similarly, the amplitude and phase of the second signal of each other radiating element 108A, 108B of the other antenna array 104 are determined to position / calibrate the radiating elements 106A, 106B of the antenna array 102 so that the amplitude of the second signal radiated by the other radiating elements 108A, 108B is minimized at least a portion of the radiating elements 106A, 106B. The superposition cancellation of the signal at the position of one other radiating element 108A, 108B of the other antenna array 104 is expressed as the following equation,

[0080] z(b0,β0)+z(b2,β2)=0 (3)

[0081] z(b1,β1)+z(b3,β3)=0 (4)

[0082] As reference Figure 2B The above described method provides for direct cancellation of mutual coupling between the radiating elements 106A, 106B in the antenna array 102 of the antenna device 200A in the air. Here, the cancellation is achieved due to the superposition of the electromagnetic fields of the signals in the antenna device 200A.

[0083] Figure 2B FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an antenna device 200B provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2BAs shown in the figure, the antenna device 200B includes a plurality of radiating elements 106A, 106B of the antenna array 102 and other radiating elements 108A, 108B of the other antenna array 104. Here, the signal radiated by the radiating elements 106A, 106B is referred to as a "first signal", and the signal radiated by the other radiating elements 108A, 108B is referred to as a "second signal". The amplitude and phase of the first signal radiated by the first radiating element 106A relative to the first other radiating element 108A are respectively represented as a0 and α0; the amplitude and phase of the signal radiated by the first radiating element 106A relative to the second other radiating element 108B are respectively represented as a1 and α1. In addition, the amplitude and phase of the signal radiated by the second radiating element 106B relative to the first other radiating element 108A are respectively represented as a2 and α2; the amplitude and phase of the signal radiated by the second radiating element 106B relative to the second other radiating element 108B are respectively represented as a3 and α3. In addition, the amplitude and phase of the second signal radiated by the first other radiating element 108A relative to the first radiating element 106A are represented as b0 and β0, respectively; the amplitude and phase of the second signal radiated by the first other radiating element 108A relative to the second radiating element 106B are represented as b1 and β1, respectively. In addition, the amplitude and phase of the second signal radiated by the second other radiating element 108B relative to the first radiating element 106A are represented as b2 and β2, respectively; the amplitude and phase of the signal radiated by the second other radiating element 108B relative to the second radiating element 106B are represented as b3 and β3, respectively. In addition, the amplitude and phase of the signal radiated between the multiple radiating elements 106A, 106B of the antenna array 102 are represented as c0 and Ω0, respectively; the amplitude and phase of the signal radiated between the other radiating elements 108A, 108B of the other antenna array 104 are represented as c1 and Ω1, respectively.

[0084] According to one embodiment, the phase of the signal of each radiating element 106A, 106B is controlled so that the signals radiated by the radiating elements 106A, 106B of the array 102 destructively interfere at the input ports of the other radiating elements 108A, 108B. The superposition cancellation of the signals at the input ports of the other antenna arrays 104 is represented by the following equation,

[0085] y(a2,α2)+y(a0,α0)△x(c1,Ω1)+y(a1,α1)+y(a3,α3)=0 (5)

[0086] Furthermore, in one example, the phase of the signal of each other radiating element 108A, 108B is controlled so that the signals radiated by the other radiating elements 108A, 108B destructively interfere at the input ports of the radiating elements 106A, 106B of the array 102. The superposition cancellation of the signals at the input ports of the antenna array 102 is represented by the following equation,

[0087] z(b0,β0)+z(b2,β2)△x(c0,Ω0)+z(b1,β1)+z(b3,β3)=0 (6)

[0088] As reference Figure 2B The above described method eliminates coupling between the radiating elements 106A, 106B of the antenna array 102 at the input ports of other radiating elements 108A, 108B (ie, other antenna arrays 104). This method also takes into account the structure of the radiating elements 106A, 106B and the other radiating elements 108A, 108B.

[0089] Figure 2C 2 is an exemplary diagram of an antenna device 200C provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2C As shown in the figure, the antenna device 200C includes a plurality of radiating elements 106A, 106B of the antenna array 102 and other radiating elements 108A, 108B of the other antenna array 104. Here, the signal radiated by the radiating elements 106A, 106B is referred to as a "first signal", and the signal radiated by the other radiating elements 108A, 108B is referred to as a "second signal". The amplitude and phase of the first signal radiated by the first radiating element 106A relative to the first other radiating element 108A are respectively represented as a0 and α0; the amplitude and phase of the signal radiated by the first radiating element 106A relative to the second other radiating element 108B are respectively represented as a1 and α1. In addition, the amplitude and phase of the signal radiated by the second radiating element 106B relative to the first other radiating element 108A are respectively represented as a2 and α2; the amplitude and phase of the signal radiated by the second radiating element 106B relative to the second other radiating element 108B are respectively represented as a3 and α3. In addition, the amplitude and phase of the second signal radiated by the first other radiating element 108A relative to the first radiating element 106A are represented as b0 and β0, respectively; the amplitude and phase of the second signal radiated by the first other radiating element 108A relative to the second radiating element 106B are represented as b1 and β1, respectively. In addition, the amplitude and phase of the second signal radiated by the second other radiating element 108B relative to the first radiating element 106A are represented as b2 and β2, respectively; the amplitude and phase of the signal radiated by the second other radiating element 108B relative to the second radiating element 106B are represented as b3 and β3, respectively.

[0090] like Figure 2CAs shown, the antenna device 200C further includes a phase changing element 202. According to one embodiment, the phase changing element 202 is arranged between one or more of the radiating elements 106A, 106B and the other radiating elements 108A, 108B, wherein when the signal radiated by one or more of the radiating elements 106A, 106B passes through the phase changing element 202, the phase changing element 202 is used to introduce phase adjustment into the signal, wherein the phase adjustment of the phase changing element 202 is determined so that the signal radiated by the radiating elements 106A, 106B of the array 102 destructively interferes at least a portion of the other radiating elements 108. The phase changing element 202 is a medium placed in the signal propagation path between the antenna array 102 and the other antenna arrays 104 to change the phase of the signal when the signal passes through the phase changing element 202 without causing distortion and loss of the signal. For example, the phase changing element 202 is placed between the antenna array 102 and the other antenna arrays 104 to change the phase α0 of the first signal radiated by the first radiating element 106A. In the present embodiment, the phase change element 202 may be formed of any suitable material, such as a dielectric material or a metamaterial. The phase adjustment of the phase change element 202 is determined so that the signal radiated by at least one of the radiating elements 106A, 106B destructively interferes with the signal radiated by the other radiating elements 106A, 106B, which results in minimizing the amplitude of the signal at the other radiating elements 108A, 108B of the other antenna arrays 104. Figure 2C In the illustration of , the phase adjustment provided by the phase changing element 202 is represented as τ0. The signal cancellation using the phase changing element 202 at the other antenna array 104 is represented by the following equation,

[0091] y(a2,α2)+y(a0,α0,τ0)△x(c1,Ω1)+y(a1,α1)+y(a3,α3)=0 (7)

[0092] Furthermore, the cancellation of the second signal using the phase changing element 202 at at least a portion of the plurality of radiating elements 106A, 106B of the antenna array 102 is represented by the following equation,

[0093] z(b0,β0,τ0)+z(b2,β2)△x(c0,Ω0)+z(b1,β1)+z(b3,β3)=0 (8)

[0094] Figure 3A is an illustrative diagram of an antenna device 300A provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3AAs shown, antenna device 300A includes a first antenna structure 302, a second antenna structure 304, and a third antenna structure 306. First antenna structure 302, second antenna structure 304, and third antenna structure 306 each include a plurality of ports.

[0095] Figure 3B According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3A 300A. The scattering parameters 300B provide an input-output relationship between ports in the antenna device 300A. The scattering parameters 300B show the reflection and transmission characteristics of the amplitude and optional phase of the signal in the frequency domain. Here, the power (dB) of the scattering parameters 300B at each frequency (in megahertz) on the X-axis 308 is shown on the Y-axis 310.

[0096] In the scattering parameter 300B, it can be seen that the first line 312 represents the return loss (S ii ), the first port performs best at about 870 MHz with a power of about –35 dB. In addition, the second line 318 represents the return loss (S ii ), the port performs best at about 870 MHz with a power of about –27.5 dB. In addition, it can be seen that the third line 314 represents the coupling (S ij ), the port performs best at about 870 MHz with a power of about –27.5 dB. Similarly, the fourth line 316 represents the coupling (S ij ), the port performs best at about 840 MHz with a power of about –27.5 dB. In addition, the fifth line 318 represents the coupling (S ij ), which performs best at about 840 MHz with a power of about –27.5 dB. The graphical representation shows how each element can be tuned and isolated from its neighbors even when the distance between them is very small.

[0097] Figure 4 is a block diagram of a base station having one or more antenna devices provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 Combination Figure 1A and Figure 1C , FIG. 2A to FIG. 2C as well as Figure 3A and Figure 3B Component description. Combined Figure 4, shows a base station 400, which includes one or more antenna devices 402, such as antenna devices 100, 200A, 200B, 200C or 300. The base station 400 includes suitable logic, circuits and / or interfaces, which can be used to communicate with multiple wireless communication devices through a cellular network (e.g., 2G, 3G, 4G or 5G) through one or more antenna devices 402 (e.g., antenna devices 100, 200A, 200B, 200C or 300). Examples of base stations 400 may include, but are not limited to, evolved Node B (evolved Node B, eNB), next generation Node B (Next Generation Node B, gNB), etc. In one example, the base station 400 may include an antenna device array, which is used as an antenna system to communicate with multiple wireless communication devices in uplink and downlink communications. Examples of multiple wireless communication devices include, but are not limited to, user equipment (e.g., smart phones), user premises equipment, repeater equipment, fixed wireless access nodes, or other communication equipment or telecommunications hardware.

[0098] The antenna device of the present invention has a plurality of radiating elements that radiate signals with predetermined different phases and amplitudes, which results in destructive interference and, in turn, in reduced coupling between adjacent antenna arrays without degrading the individual performance of each antenna array. The phase and amplitude can be determined directly based on the propagation of the signal, the distance between the antenna array and other antenna arrays, and the source excitation of the plurality of radiating elements. Thus, the proposed antenna device reduces coupling without increasing the size of the antenna device, which facilitates certain activities related to telecommunication services, such as site acquisition, local regulations regarding site upgrades and / or reuse of current mechanical support structures at installation sites.

[0099] The antenna device of the present invention ensures decoupling of two closely spaced end-fire antenna elements. This is achieved by two sources of the same signal with a phase difference, so that the field can be destructively added on adjacent antenna arrays, thereby reducing the coupling between them. Each juxtaposed antenna operates at the same frequency and is fed independently, which supports phase selection to eliminate coupling on adjacent equivalent elements. In antenna systems, constructive and destructive superpositions can be generated as electromagnetic fields (EM) propagate. The present antenna device provides a new method to increase isolation between closely spaced antenna arrays. The antenna device generates a destructive superposition of EM fields on the side-by-side elements of the array by benefiting from the multipath environment generated when using more than one juxtaposed signal source and other radiating elements. The isolation improvement achieved can be used to miniaturize the width of an antenna device with multiple independent antenna arrays. Since the change in the antenna device design is based on propagation rather than circuitry, the resulting design has sufficient bandwidth to support current frequency bands in base stations.

[0100] Although the present invention has been described with reference to the specific features and embodiments of the present invention, it is obvious that various modifications and combinations of the present invention can be formulated without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the specification and the drawings are only regarded as the description of the present invention as defined by the appended claims, and are intended to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations or equivalents falling within the scope of the present invention.

[0101] Without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims, the embodiments of the invention described above may be modified. Expressions such as "including", "combined with", "having", "is / for" used to describe and claim the present invention are intended to be interpreted in a non-exclusive manner, that is, items, components or elements that are not explicitly described are allowed to exist. References to the singular should also be interpreted as involving the plural. The word "exemplary" used herein means "as an example, instance or illustration". Any embodiment described as "exemplary" is not necessarily interpreted as being preferred or advantageous compared to other embodiments, and / or does not exclude the features of combining other embodiments. The word "optionally" used herein means "provided in some embodiments and not provided in other embodiments". It should be understood that certain features of the present invention described in the context of a single embodiment for the sake of clarity may also be provided in a single embodiment by combination. On the contrary, the various features of the present invention described in the context of a single embodiment for the sake of clarity may also be provided individually or by any suitable combination or as any other described embodiment of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antenna device (100, 200A, 200B, 200C, 300, 402), characterized in that: An antenna array (102) for transmitting a signal is included, the antenna array comprising: a plurality of radiation elements (106A, 106B), each radiation element being used to radiate the signal with a predetermined phase; The antenna device further comprises other radiating elements (108A, 108B) which are not part of the antenna array, wherein the phase of the signal of each radiating element of the antenna array is controlled so that the signal radiated by the radiating element of the array destructively interferes at at least a portion of the other radiating elements, wherein the plurality of radiation elements (106A, 106B) are each used to radiate the signal with different amplitudes, The amplitude of the signal of each radiating element is determined so that the amplitude of the superposition of the signals is minimized at at least a portion of the other radiating elements (108A, 108B), and the amplitude of the signal of each radiating element (106A, 106B) includes a variation based on the frequency of the signal.

2. The antenna device (100, 200A, 200B, 200C, 300, 402) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna array (102) is an end-fire array.

3. The antenna device (100, 200A, 200B, 200C, 300, 402) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The other radiating elements (108A, 108B) are located adjacent to the antenna array (102).

4. The antenna device (100, 200A, 200B, 200C, 300, 402) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The phase of the signal of each radiating element (106A, 106B) is controlled so that the signals radiated by the radiating elements of the array (102) interfere destructively at input ports of the other radiating elements.

5. The antenna device (100, 200A, 200B, 200C, 300, 402) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The distance between the antenna array (102) and the other radiating elements (108A, 108B) is determined so that the signals radiated by the radiating elements (106A, 106B) of the array destructively interfere at the at least a portion of the other radiating elements.

6. The antenna device (100, 200A, 200B, 200C, 300, 402) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The plurality of radiating elements (106A, 106B) are spaced apart along an axis (A) parallel to a radiation direction of the antenna array (102).

7. The antenna device (100, 200A, 200B, 200C, 300, 402) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A further antenna array (104) is included, the further antenna array comprising a plurality of radiating elements, the plurality of radiating elements of the further antenna array comprising the further radiating elements (108A, 108B).

8. The antenna device (100, 200A, 200B, 200C, 300, 402) according to claim 7, characterized in that: The signals radiated by the radiating elements (106A, 106B) of the antenna array (102) destructively interfere at least a portion of each of the other radiating elements (108A, 108B) of the other antenna array (104).

9. The antenna device (100, 200A, 200B, 200C, 300, 402) according to claim 7, characterized in that: The antenna array (102) and the other antenna array (104) are arranged parallel to each other.

10. The antenna device (100, 200A, 200B, 200C, 300, 402) according to claim 7, characterized in that: The further antenna array (104) is configured to radiate in a frequency range that at least partially overlaps with the frequency range of the antenna array (102).

11. The antenna device (100, 200A, 200B, 200C, 300, 402) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Also included is a phase change element (202), wherein the phase change element (202) is arranged between one or more of the radiation elements (106A, 106B) and the other radiation elements (108A, 108B), wherein when the signal radiated by one or more of the radiating elements passes through the phase changing element, the phase changing element is used to introduce phase adjustment into the signal, The phase adjustment of the phase changing element is determined so that the signals radiated by the radiating elements of the array (102) interfere destructively at the at least a portion of the other radiating elements.

12. The antenna device (100, 200A, 200B, 200C, 300, 402) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Also included is a processor for controlling the phase of the signal for each radiating element (106A, 106B).

13. A base station (400), characterized in that: The invention comprises one or more antenna devices (100, 200A, 200B, 200C, 300, 402) according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

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