Dual-polarized antenna and dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna based on Wi-Fi 6E frequency band

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and discloses a dual-polarized antenna and a dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna based on a Wi-Fi 6E frequency band, and the dual-polarized antenna comprises a third substrate and N radiation units which are periodically arranged on the third substrate; wherein one side of the third substrate is provided with a metal ground, and the other side of the third substrate is provided with two one-to-N first power dividers; the radiation unit comprises a T-shaped first substrate and a T-shaped second substrate which are perpendicular to each other; one side of the first substrate and one side of the second substrate are provided with a first radiation sheet and a second radiation sheet which are connected, and the other side of the first substrate is provided with an inverted L-shaped first feed arm; the other side of the second substrate is provided with an inverted L-shaped second feed arm. The second radiation sheet is connected with the metal ground; and the first feed arm and the second feed arm are respectively connected with the output ends of the first power dividers. According to the dual-polarized antenna, the consistency of the horizontal polarization direction and the vertical polarization direction can be kept in broadband application such as Wi-Fi 6E, and good polarization cross isolation is ensured on the premise of compact design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular to a dual-polarization antenna and a dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the field of wireless communications has paid increasing attention to antennas based on the Wi-Fi 6E band. The Wi-Fi 6E band provides additional communication channels, effectively alleviating the congestion problem in the 2.4GHz and 5GHz bands. Operating at higher frequency bands enables WiFi-6E to achieve low latency and high data transmission rates, becoming the core technology for the next generation of high-performance wireless networks. Antennas based on the WiFi-6E band are widely used in smart cities, the Internet of Things, education, and medical care. With technological advances, antennas based on Wi-Fi 6E tend to be dual-polarized, high-gain, and low-gain variations.

[0003] Dual-polarized antennas have obvious advantages over single-polarized antennas: they can effectively reduce multipath interference and improve signal stability and reliability; they can increase data throughput and improve network performance by processing two polarized signals; and the dual-polarized design expands the coverage of the antenna and maintains good signal coverage. Directional antennas and omnidirectional antennas play different roles in antenna design: directional antennas focus signals in a specific direction to improve signal strength and coverage; omnidirectional antennas transmit and receive signals 360 degrees, and the signal strength is basically the same in all directions. High-gain directional-to-omnidirectional antennas can respond flexibly when needs change, providing both directional high-gain transmission and covering a wider area to meet different communication needs.

[0004] In current technology, some patents improve the inverted F monopole antenna to achieve multi-frequency characteristics, and the designed Wi-Fi 6E all-metal laptop antenna has low profile and cost advantages, but its bandwidth is narrow and the gain is not high. Other researchers have successfully reduced the size of the semi-open cavity antenna by partially sealing the aperture, while maintaining the matching bandwidth and radiation performance, so that it can cover the entire Wi-Fi 6E frequency band. Other researchers use coupled dipole patches printed on the same board to drive the impedance matching through specially designed T-shaped dipoles, thereby achieving broadband coverage of Wi-Fi 6 / 6E and dual-polarization characteristics. However, these antennas usually only have single polarization, low gain and directional functions, which are difficult to meet the comprehensive requirements of future communications for dual polarization, high gain and omnidirectionality. In order to meet the needs of special application scenarios such as smart cities and the Internet of Things, it is particularly necessary to design a dual-polarization high-gain omnidirectional array antenna that integrates dual polarization, high gain and omnidirectional performance.

[0005] When designing dual-polarized antennas, there are complex challenges: how to maintain consistency in both horizontal and vertical polarization directions in broadband applications such as Wi-Fi 6E, and ensure good cross-polarization isolation in a compact design. Solving this problem requires comprehensive consideration of complex factors such as cost, cross-polarization isolation, and consistency within the frequency range.

[0006] After completing the dual-polarized antenna design, another challenge is how to achieve omnidirectional performance in the antenna array design while maintaining high gain characteristics. This requires careful consideration of the design and performance of the power divider, the layout and directivity of the antenna, and the mutual coupling and interference between antennas on the basis of the dual-polarized high-gain design. While ensuring low gain variation, dual-polarized high-gain performance is achieved. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention is made to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. One of its purposes is to provide a dual-polarized antenna based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band, which can maintain the consistency of horizontal and vertical polarization directions in broadband applications such as Wi-Fi 6E, and ensure good polarization cross-isolation under the premise of compact design.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide a dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band, which can achieve omnidirectional performance while maintaining high gain characteristics.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a dual-polarized antenna based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band is provided, comprising a third substrate and N periodically arranged radiating units thereon; wherein a metal ground is provided on one side of the third substrate, and two 1-to-N first power dividers are provided on the other side; the radiating unit comprises a T-shaped first substrate and a second substrate arranged perpendicular to each other; a first horizontal radiating plate and a second vertical radiating plate are provided on one side of the first substrate, and a first Γ-shaped feeding arm is provided on the other side, and two ends of the first feeding arm are located on both sides of the second substrate; a first horizontal radiating plate and a second vertical radiating plate are provided on one side of the second substrate, and a second Γ-shaped feeding arm is provided on the other side, and two ends of the second feeding arm are located on both sides of the first substrate; the first radiating plate is connected to the second radiating plate, and the second radiating plate is connected to the metal ground; the first feeding arm is connected to the output end of a first power divider, and the second feeding arm is connected to the output end of another first power divider.

[0010] As an embodiment, the third substrate is in a long strip shape, the radiation unit is arranged in the middle of the third substrate along the length direction, and the two first power dividers are respectively arranged on both sides of the radiation unit.

[0011] As an implementation manner, the length of the first radiation plate is 0.27λc, the length of the second radiation plate is 0.157λc, and λc is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the antenna.

[0012] As an embodiment, the first feeding arm includes a first branch, a second branch, a third branch and a fourth branch connected sequentially from the feeding end to the other end, the widths of the branches are 1.2, 0.9, 0.2, and 1.1, respectively, and the lengths of the branches are 1.4, 3, 4.1, and 2.5, respectively, all in units of mm, the first branch and the second branch are arranged on one side of the second substrate, the fourth branch is arranged on the other side of the second substrate, and the third branch passes through the second substrate.

[0013] As an embodiment, the second feeding arm includes a fifth branch, a sixth branch, a seventh branch and an eighth branch connected sequentially from the feeding end to the other end, the widths of the branches are 1.2, 0.9, 0.2, and 1, respectively, and the lengths of the branches are 1.4, 4.7, 4.1, and 2.5, respectively, all in units of mm, the fifth branch and the sixth branch are arranged on one side of the first substrate, the eighth branch is arranged on the other side of the first substrate, and the seventh branch passes through the first substrate.

[0014] As an embodiment, N=8; the first power divider includes 10 sizes of power branches from the input end to any output end, the lengths of the power branches are 4, 5.2, 35.6, 11.2, 23.9, 19, 15.6, 4.6, 7.1, and 11.9, respectively, and the widths of the power branches are 1.2, 0.5, 1.2, 0.5, 0.8, 0.8, 1.1, 1.1, 0.5, and 1, respectively, and the units are all mm.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band is provided, comprising: M dual-polarized antennas based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, which are arranged sequentially along the circumferential direction, and M is not less than 3; M reflectors, which are respectively arranged on one side of the radiation unit close to the third substrate; two fourth substrates, which are arranged in the middle of the M dual-polarized antennas, one side of which is provided with a metal ground, and the other side of which is provided with a 1-to-M second power divider, whose output ends are respectively connected to the input ends of the first power divider.

[0016] As an embodiment, the first power divider is disposed on a side of the third substrate close to the second power divider, and the reflector is disposed on a side of the third substrate away from the second power divider.

[0017] As an embodiment, a baffle bent toward one side of the radiation unit is formed on a side edge of the reflection plate.

[0018] As an embodiment, the second power divider includes power branches of two sizes from the input end to any output end, the lengths of the power branches are 3.1 and 3.3 respectively, and the widths of the power branches are 1.5 and 0.4 respectively, all in mm.

[0019] According to the above description and practice, in the dual-polarized antenna based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band described in the present invention, the two feeding arms and the two first power dividers correspond to different polarized signals respectively, and the structure of the radiating unit adopts a two-part design of electric dipole and magnetic dipole, wherein the horizontal first radiating plate acts as an electric dipole, and the second radiating plate connected to the metal ground and short-circuited acts as a magnetic dipole, thereby forming a magnetic electric dipole, and each radiating plate and the feeding arm are coupled to realize feeding. By optimizing the length of the radiating plate, the operating frequency range of the antenna can cover the WiFi-6E frequency band (5.925GHz to 7.125GHz). In addition, the two feeding arms are designed as four branches, and by adjusting the width of the branches, the impedance transformation of the electromagnetic dipole is realized to further broaden the bandwidth. The dual-polarized antenna with this structural form can maintain the consistency of the horizontal and vertical polarization directions in the broadband application of the WiFi-6E frequency band, and ensure good polarization cross isolation under the premise of compact design.

[0020] After combining three dual-polarized antennas based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band to form an omnidirectional antenna, it can achieve omnidirectional performance while maintaining high gain characteristics. In addition, thanks to the design structure and performance of the second power divider, the layout and directivity of the dual-polarized antenna, and the setting of the transmitting board, the mutual coupling and interference between the antennas can be reduced, ensuring that the omnidirectional antenna also has the characteristics of low gain variation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band involved in an embodiment of the present invention, which includes three dual-polarized antennas based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band.

[0022] Figure 2a and Figure 2b This is a schematic structural diagram of the two end surfaces of a dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band involved in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3a to Figure 3d Schematic diagram of the structure of a radiation unit involved in an embodiment of the present invention at four different viewing angles.

[0024] Figure 4a and Figure 4b Two side views of a radiation unit involved in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5a Schematic diagram of the structure of a first substrate involved in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5b Schematic diagram of the structure of a second substrate involved in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6a and Figure 6b This is a schematic structural diagram of a third substrate at two different viewing angles involved in an embodiment of the present invention, showing the structures of the upper and lower surfaces of the third substrate.

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth substrate and a second power divider thereon involved in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 This is an S-parameter diagram of the first power divider in a dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band involved in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 9a This is an S-parameter diagram of the second power divider in a dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band involved in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 9b This is a power distribution diagram of the second power divider in a dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band involved in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Fig.10 This is a gain performance diagram of a dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna based on the Wi-Fi 6E band involved in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Fig.11 The gain variation in a dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna based on the Wi-Fi 6E band involved in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] The reference numerals in the figure are:

[0035] 11. First substrate 12. Second substrate 13. Third substrate

[0036] 14. fourth substrate 21, first feeding arm 22, second feeding arm

[0037] 23. Metal ground 24. First power divider 25. Second power divider

[0038] 26, first radiation piece 27, second radiation piece 31, first branch

[0039] 32. Second branch 33. Third branch 34. Fourth branch

[0040] 35. Fifth branch 36. Sixth branch 37. Seventh branch

[0041] 38, eighth branch 41, reflector 42, baffle DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure will be more comprehensive and complete and fully convey the concepts of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0043] In addition, the accompanying drawings are only schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the figures represent the same or similar parts, and thus their repeated descriptions will be omitted. It should be noted that in the present disclosure, the terms "including", "configured with", and "set in" are used to express the meaning of open-ended inclusion, and mean that in addition to the listed elements / components / etc., there may be other elements / components / etc.; the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used as marks, and are not restrictions on the number or order of their objects; the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate the orientation or position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0044] Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0045] This embodiment discloses a dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band, which is formed by three dual-polarized antennas based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band being sequentially enclosed along the circumferential direction. Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 7 First, the structure of a dual-polarized antenna based on the Wi-Fi 6E band is described.

[0046] In one embodiment, the dual-polarized antenna based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band includes a third substrate 13 and N periodically arranged radiation units thereon. A metal ground 23 is provided on one side of the third substrate 13, and two 1-to-N first power dividers 24 are provided on the other side. The radiation unit includes a T-shaped first substrate 11 and a second substrate 12 that are perpendicular to each other. A horizontal first radiation plate 26 and a vertical second radiation plate 27 are provided on one side of the first substrate 11. The first radiation plate 26 is connected to the second radiation plate 27, and the second radiation plate 27 is connected to the metal ground 23 on the third substrate 13. A Γ-shaped first feeding arm 21 is provided on the other side of the first substrate 11, and the two ends of the first feeding arm 21 are located on both sides of the second substrate 12. A horizontal first radiation plate 26 and a vertical second radiation plate 27 are also provided on one side of the second substrate 12. The first radiation plate 26 is connected to the second radiation plate 27, and the second radiation plate 27 is connected to the metal ground 23 on the third substrate 13. A Γ-shaped second feeding arm 22 is provided on the other side of the second substrate 12, and the two ends of the second feeding arm 22 are located on both sides of the first substrate 11; the first feeding arm 21 is connected to the output end of one first power divider 24, and the second feeding arm 22 is connected to the output end of another first power divider 24.

[0047] As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, N=8, and the 8 radiation units are periodically arranged along the length direction of the third substrate 13. Each radiation unit is composed of a T-shaped first substrate 11 and a second substrate 12, and the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 are arranged perpendicular to each other. The two substrates are provided with grooves that can be embedded together, so that the radiation unit has a cross-shaped three-dimensional structure as a whole, and the outer dimensions of one end are larger than the outer dimensions of the other end. Correspondingly, 8 cross-shaped mounting grooves are provided on one side of the third substrate 13 for mounting and fixing each radiation unit.

[0048] A first radiating plate 26 in a horizontal direction and a second radiating plate 27 in a vertical direction are provided on one side of the first substrate 11. The first radiating plate 26 covers the upper part of the first substrate 11, and the second radiating plate 27 covers the lower part of the first substrate 11. The first radiating plate 26 is connected to the second radiating plate 27, and the second radiating plate 27 is connected to the metal ground 23 on the third substrate 13. A first Γ-shaped feeding arm 21 is provided on the other side of the first substrate 11, and the two ends of the first feeding arm 21 are located on both sides of the second substrate 12. A first radiating plate 26 in a horizontal direction and a second radiating plate 27 in a vertical direction are provided on one side of the second substrate 12. The first radiating plate 26 covers the upper part of the second substrate 12, and the second radiating plate 27 covers the lower part of the second substrate 12. The first radiating plate 26 is connected to the second radiating plate 27, and the second radiating plate 27 is connected to the metal ground 23 on the third substrate 13. A second Γ-shaped feeding arm 22 is provided on the other side of the second substrate 12, and the two ends of the second feeding arm 22 are located on both sides of the first substrate 11. Since the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 are provided with grooves that can be fitted together, the first feeding arm 21 and the second feeding arm 22 can be arranged on both sides of a substrate. When the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 are fixed on the corresponding cross-shaped mounting grooves, the second radiation plates 27 on the two substrates are connected to the metal ground 23 on the third substrate 13, the first feeding arm 21 is connected to the output end of one first power divider 24, and the second feeding arm 22 is connected to the output end of another first power divider 24.

[0049] Corresponding to the eight radiating units, the two first power dividers 24 are both of a 1-to-8 structure. In one embodiment, the first radiating plate 26, the second radiating plate 27, the first feeding arm 21, the second feeding arm 22 and the first power divider 24 can all be made of microstrip lines printed on a substrate to facilitate the manufacture of the entire antenna.

[0050] In this structural form, the dual-polarized antenna based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band has two first power dividers 24 corresponding to different polarized signals, for example, the first power divider 24 connected to the first feeding arm 21 corresponds to the horizontal polarized signal, and the second power divider 25 connected to the second feeding arm 22 corresponds to the vertical polarized signal, and the two are coupled to feed the two radiating plates, so that the antenna realizes the dual-polarized characteristics. In addition, the structure of the radiating unit adopts a design of electric dipole and magnetic dipole, in which the horizontal first radiating plate 26 acts as an electric dipole, and the short-circuited second radiating plate 27 connected to the metal ground acts as a magnetic dipole, thereby forming a magnetic electric dipole, and each radiating plate and the feeding arm are fed in a coupled form. By optimizing the length of the radiating plate, the operating frequency range of the antenna can cover the WiFi-6E frequency band (5.925GHz to 7.125GHz), and at the same time, the consistency of the horizontal and vertical polarization directions can be maintained in the application, and good polarization cross isolation can be ensured under the premise of compact design.

[0051] In this embodiment, the third substrate 13 is in the shape of an elongated strip, and eight radiation units are arranged in the middle of the third substrate 13 along the length direction. The distance between adjacent radiation units is 40 mm, and the two first power dividers 24 are arranged on both sides of the radiation unit, which can minimize the lateral size of the antenna and facilitate the subsequent combination of multiple antennas to form an omnidirectional antenna.

[0052] In other embodiments, the number of radiation units in the dual-polarized antenna can also be adjusted according to actual needs. For example, when N is more than two, the antenna gain can be increased to a corresponding degree compared to a single radiation unit. In order to achieve good port matching of each output port of the first power divider 24 and control the lateral size of the antenna, in this embodiment, the number of N is preferably an even number. When designing the branches of the first power divider 24, the lengths of each branch can be the same, and the lateral size of the antenna can also be small.

[0053] In one embodiment, the length of the first radiation plate 26 is 0.27λc, and the length of the second radiation plate 27 is 0.157λc, where λc is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the antenna, and the center frequency is 6.525GHz, and the corresponding wavelength is 45.977mm. This length dimension enables the antenna to maintain a high gain in the frequency band of 5.925GHz to 7.125GHz. For example, the size of the first radiation plate 26 is 12.4mm×3.4mm, and the size of the second radiation plate 27 is 7.2mm×2.8mm, which enables the antenna to maintain a high gain in the frequency band of 5.925GHz to 7.125GHz.

[0054] In this embodiment, if Figure 4a As shown, the first feeding arm 21 includes a first branch 31, a second branch 32, a third branch 33 and a fourth branch 34 connected sequentially from the feeding end to the other end, the widths of the four branches are 1.2 mm, 0.9 mm, 0.2 mm, and 1.1 mm, respectively, and the lengths of the four branches are 1.4 mm, 3 mm, 4.1 mm, and 2.5 mm, respectively, wherein the first branch 31 and the second branch 32 are arranged on one side of the second substrate 12, the fourth branch 34 is arranged on the other side of the second substrate 12, and the third branch 33 passes through the second substrate 12.

[0055] Similarly, if Figure 4bAs shown, the second feeding arm 22 includes a fifth branch 35, a sixth branch 36, a seventh branch 37 and an eighth branch 38 connected sequentially from the feeding end to the other end, the widths of the four branches are 1.2 mm, 0.9 mm, 0.2 mm and 1 mm respectively, and the lengths of the four branches are 1.4 mm, 4.7 mm, 4.1 mm and 2.5 mm respectively, wherein the fifth branch 35 and the sixth branch 36 are arranged on one side of the first substrate 11, the eighth branch 38 is arranged on the other side of the first substrate 11, and the seventh branch 37 passes through the first substrate 11.

[0056] The first feed arm 21 and the second feed arm 22 of this structural form are designed as four branches. By setting the specific width and length of each branch, the impedance transformation of the electromagnetic dipole in the radiation unit is realized to further broaden the bandwidth, so that the dual-polarized antenna maintains a high gain level in the 5.925GHz to 7.125GHz frequency band. In order to improve the isolation between the two ports, the two orthogonal feed arms are set to different heights to reduce the coupling effect, and their heights are 6.1mm and 4.4mm respectively.

[0057] Based on 8 radiation units, in this embodiment, the first power divider 24 is a 1-to-8 power division structure, which is formed by stacking 7 1-to-2 power branches in sequence. Specifically, the first power divider 24 includes 10 sizes of power branches from the input end to any output end, and the lengths of these power branches are 4mm, 5.2mm, 35.6mm, 11.2mm, 23.9mm, 19mm, 15.6mm, 4.6mm, 7.1mm, and 11.9mm, respectively, and the widths of these power branches are 1.2mm, 0.5mm, 1.2mm, 0.5mm, 0.8mm, 0.8mm, 1.1mm, 1.1mm, 0.5mm, and 1mm, respectively.

[0058] The first power divider 24 uses multiple power branches of different lengths and widths to directly perform impedance matching, effectively reducing the S11 and S22 parameters to below -12dB, indicating that the first power divider 24 has achieved good performance in port matching and transmission loss control, which helps to improve the efficiency and performance stability of the overall system. Using multiple power branches to directly perform impedance matching can more effectively control port parameters and improve system stability and performance compared to the traditional step-by-step impedance transformation design. This structural form can accommodate two first power dividers 24 that achieve orthogonal polarization on a narrower third substrate 13, and achieve good port matching of 8 output ports. This compact size and high integration make the first power divider 24 more advantageous in terms of space utilization efficiency and system layout. While the traditional power divider design may require a larger substrate space to achieve the same power division and port matching effect, the first power divider 24 achieves high integration through its compact size, saving space and cost.

[0059] For the dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band in this embodiment, it is composed of three dual-polarized antennas based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band enclosed in sequence along the circumferential direction, forming a cylindrical structure as a whole. The three dual-polarized antennas respectively cover a radiation range of 120°, thereby forming an omnidirectional antenna as a whole. Please refer to the accompanying drawings. The dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band also includes three reflectors 41 and two fourth substrates 14 and a second power divider 25 thereon.

[0060] Specifically, the reflector 41 is disposed on a side of the radiation unit close to the third substrate 13. For example, in this embodiment, the reflector 41 is disposed on a side of the third substrate 13 away from the second power divider 25. Figure 2a Taking the dual-polarized antenna located on the upper side as an example, from top to bottom are the radiation unit, the reflector 41, the third substrate 13 and the first power divider 24 thereon, the fourth substrate 14 and the second power divider 25 thereon. Correspondingly, a through hole in the shape of a square is provided on the reflector 41 for the radiation unit to pass through, the reflector 41 is fixedly connected to the third substrate 13, the metal ground 23 of the third substrate 13 is provided on the side adjacent to the reflector 41, and the first power divider 24 is provided on the side of the third substrate 13 away from the reflector 41, so as to avoid the first power divider 24 being connected to the reflector 41, and also reduce the mutual coupling and interference between the first power divider 24 and each radiation unit. By providing the reflector 41, each dual-polarized antenna has better reflection and directivity, thereby improving the gain performance of the antenna. This design enhances the radiation characteristics of the antenna, makes the radiation efficiency higher, and the signal coverage range is farther.

[0061] Furthermore, a baffle 42 is formed on the side of the reflector 41 and is bent toward the radiation unit. Figure 2a As shown, the angle between the baffle 42 and the body of the reflector 41 is 120°, which can further improve the gain and radiation efficiency of the dual-polarized antenna within a specific range. In addition, the design of the baffle 42 can also better reduce the interference between adjacent dual-polarized antennas.

[0062] In other embodiments, the reflective plate 41 may also be disposed on a side of the third substrate 13 away from the radiation unit, and can also produce a reflection effect on the signal of the radiation unit to achieve an increase in the gain in a specific direction range.

[0063] Please combine Figure 7A second power divider 25 is provided on one side of the fourth substrate 14, and a metal ground 23 is provided on the other side. The second power divider 25 is a 1-to-3 power divider structure, and its output ends are respectively connected to the input ends of the first power divider 24. The two second power dividers 25 have a total of six output ends, which are respectively connected to the input ends of the six first power dividers 24. One of the second power dividers 25 is applied to the horizontal polarization signal, and the other second power divider 25 is applied to the vertical polarization signal to realize the dual-polarization characteristics of the omnidirectional antenna. Through the two 1-to-3 second power dividers 25, the energy is divided into 6 paths with equal phase and amplitude to supply 3 dual-polarization antennas. The purpose is to generate equivalent radiation signals in the omnidirectional direction, realize the omnidirectional antenna characteristics, and finally make the gain change of the antenna smaller.

[0064] A straight-shaped mounting groove is provided on one side of the third substrate 13, and one end of the fourth substrate 14 is fixedly installed in the mounting groove to achieve a fixed connection with the third substrate 13. In addition, a metal via is provided on the third substrate 13 to achieve communication between its own metal ground 23 and the metal ground 23 on the fourth substrate 14.

[0065] In one embodiment, the input end of the second power divider 25 is located at the center, and the three power branches are equiangularly distributed on the periphery of the input end, and the angle between adjacent power branches is 120°. The second power divider 25 includes two sizes of power branches from the input end to any output end, that is, each power branch includes two types of branches, the length of a single power branch is 0.14λc, the lengths of the two power branches are 3.1mm and 3.3mm respectively, and the widths of the two power branches are 1.5mm and 0.4mm respectively.

[0066] The second power divider 25 uses branches of different widths to achieve good impedance matching. Even when the port width does not reach a quarter wavelength of the center frequency, the second power divider 25 can still effectively distribute power, which shows the efficiency and flexibility of the design. Compared with the traditional power divider design, this design achieves the function of one-to-three in a smaller substrate space while maintaining good power distribution and impedance matching effects.

[0067] In other embodiments, the number M of dual-polarized antennas in the omnidirectional antenna can also be adjusted according to actual needs, ensuring that the number M is not less than 3, so that the omnidirectional antenna can achieve omnidirectional performance while maintaining high gain characteristics. The number of corresponding reflectors is also M, and the second power divider also needs to be modified to a 1-to-M power divider structure.

[0068] In a specific embodiment, the dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna includes three dual-polarization antennas, each of which includes two first power dividers 24 and eight radiating units, the eight radiating units are spaced 40 mm apart, and the reflector 41 is fixed on the third substrate 13. The two second power dividers 25 are respectively connected to the input ends of the three second power dividers 25, and then the feeding arms on each radiating unit are fed step by step. The radiation characteristics are optimized by using the constructive interference and destructive interference of the waves, and the antenna units are arranged periodically, which improves the directivity of the antenna and reduces the side lobes.

[0069] The first substrate 11, the second substrate 12, the third substrate 13 and the fourth substrate 14 are all made of F4B substrates with a thickness of 1 mm, with a dielectric constant of 2.2 and a loss tangent of 0.003, which are convenient for printing and manufacturing related radiation plates, feed arms and power branches. Among them, the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 are dielectric substrates of die-casting structure, which are easy to make by proofing. In order to facilitate fixation, two white resin materials are added on both sides of the radiation unit so that the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, as well as the radiation unit and the third substrate 13 can be firmly bonded and fixed together. The size of the third substrate 13 is 300mm×20mm. In order to place the radiation unit and the second power divider 25, 8 cross-shaped mounting grooves corresponding to the radiation unit and 2 straight-shaped mounting grooves corresponding to the second power divider 25 are dug on the third substrate 13. The size of the cross-shaped mounting groove is 6.8mm×1mm, and the size of the straight-shaped mounting groove is 2mm×1mm, and the depth is 0.8mm. Similarly, the metal ground 23 on one side is also provided with 8 cross-shaped gaps corresponding to the radiation units, and in order to facilitate power feeding, two semicircles with a diameter of 1.4 mm are also dug out on the metal ground 23.

[0070] The first power divider 24 is a 1-to-8 power division structure, which is composed of 7 1-to-2 power branches stacked in sequence. Specifically, the first power divider 24 includes 10 sizes of power branches from the input end to any output end, and the lengths of these power branches are 4mm, 5.2mm, 35.6mm, 11.2mm, 23.9mm, 19mm, 15.6mm, 4.6mm, 7.1mm, 11.9mm, respectively, and the widths of these power branches are 1.2mm, 0.5mm, 1.2mm, 0.5mm, 0.8mm, 0.8mm, 1.1mm, 1.1mm, 0.5mm, 1mm, respectively. By using multiple branches to directly perform impedance matching, the S11 and S22 parameters are effectively reduced to below -12dB. This shows that the power divider has achieved good performance in port matching and transmission loss control, which helps to improve the efficiency and performance stability of the overall system. Compared with the traditional step-by-step impedance transformation design, it can more effectively control the port parameters and improve the stability and performance of the system.

[0071] By digging grooves and gaps of various sizes and shapes on the third substrate 13, and the specific structural design on its metal ground 23, the radiation unit can be better fixed, and it is also convenient to connect with the first power divider 24. Accordingly, the first power divider 24 is more flexible in feeding and mechanical layout, and can adapt to the needs of different application scenarios.

[0072] The fourth substrate 14 includes three branches for setting the three power branches of the second power divider 25. The fourth substrate 14 can be cut from a circular substrate with a radius of 7.8 mm. In one embodiment, it can also be retained as a circular substrate to ensure that there are corresponding power branches. The input end of the second power divider 25 is located in the center, and the three power branches are distributed at equal angles on the periphery of the input end, and the angle between adjacent power branches is 120°. The second power divider 25 includes two sizes of power branches from the input end to any output end, that is, each power branch includes two power branches, the length of a single power branch is 0.14λc, the lengths of the two power branches are 3.1mm and 3.3mm respectively, and the widths of the two power branches are 1.5mm and 0.4mm respectively. The power distribution of the two second power dividers 25 is close to -4.77dB, and the isolation can reach below -15dB. Through two second power dividers 25, the energy is divided into 6 paths with equal phase and amplitude, and supplied to the radiation element arrays of three dual-polarized antennas, the purpose of which is to generate equivalent radiation signals in the omnidirectional direction and realize the omnidirectional antenna characteristics. Finally, the gain change of the antenna is less than 3.45. By using power branches of different lengths and widths and substrate materials with a dielectric constant of 2.2 and a low loss tangent, good impedance matching and low-loss transmission are ensured, which helps to improve the performance stability of the second power divider 25 and the overall efficiency of the system.

[0073] In this embodiment, the reflector 41 is an aluminum plate with an overall size of 320mm×20mm×1mm. A 6.8mm×6.8mm square through hole is provided thereon for the radiation unit to pass through. A baffle 42 is formed by bending the side of the aluminum plate toward the radiation unit. The angle between the baffle 42 and the aluminum plate is 120°, which enables the antenna to have better reflection and directivity, thereby improving the gain performance of the antenna, making the radiation efficiency higher and the signal coverage range wider.

[0074] Figures 8 to 11 The relevant performance diagram of the dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band is shown. Figure 8 This is the S parameter diagram of the first power divider. It can be seen from the figure that the S11 of the first power divider is basically lower than -12dB within the target bandwidth, and has good impedance matching in the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band (5.925-7.125GHz).

[0075] Figure 9aThe S parameter diagram of the second power divider shows that the S parameters are all less than -18dB in the target frequency band, indicating that the impedance matching of the second power divider is very good. Figure 9b This is the power distribution diagram of the second power divider. It can be seen from the figure that the transmission coefficients of each port are in the range of (-4.95, -4.83), while the ideal 1-to-3 power division transmission coefficient is about -4.78dB, indicating that the power distribution of the three ports of the second power divider is relatively ideal.

[0076] Fig.10 This is the gain performance diagram of the dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band. The gains of horizontal polarization and vertical polarization are both greater than 11dBi in the target frequency band, showing a good gain effect. Fig.11 This is the gain change in the dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band. It can be seen from the figure that the gain changes at different frequency points are all within 3.45, the gain fluctuation is small, and it has a stable gain effect.

[0077] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A dual-polarized antenna based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band, characterized in that: It includes a third substrate and N periodically arranged radiation units thereon; wherein A metal ground is provided on one side of the third substrate, and two 1-to-N first power dividers are provided on the other side; The radiation unit includes a T-shaped first substrate and a second substrate that are perpendicular to each other; a first horizontal radiation plate and a second vertical radiation plate are provided on one side of the first substrate, and a first Γ-shaped feeding arm is provided on the other side, and two ends of the first feeding arm are located on both sides of the second substrate; a first horizontal radiation plate and a second vertical radiation plate are provided on one side of the second substrate, and a second Γ-shaped feeding arm is provided on the other side, and two ends of the second feeding arm are located on both sides of the first substrate; the first radiation plate is connected to the second radiation plate, and the second radiation plate is connected to the metal ground; the first feeding arm is connected to the output end of a first power divider, and the second feeding arm is connected to the output end of another first power divider.

2. The dual-polarized antenna based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third substrate is in a strip shape, the radiation unit is arranged in the middle of the third substrate along the length direction, and the two first power dividers are respectively arranged on both sides of the radiation unit.

3. The dual-polarized antenna based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the first radiation plate is 0.27λc, and the length of the second radiation plate is 0.157λc, where λc is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the antenna.

4. The dual-polarized antenna based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first feeding arm includes a first branch, a second branch, a third branch and a fourth branch connected sequentially from the feeding end to the other end, the widths of the branches are 1.2, 0.9, 0.2, and 1.1, respectively, and the lengths of the branches are 1.4, 3, 4.1, and 2.5, respectively, all in units of mm. The first branch and the second branch are arranged on one side of the second substrate, the fourth branch is arranged on the other side of the second substrate, and the third branch passes through the second substrate.

5. The dual-polarized antenna based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second feeding arm comprises a fifth branch, a sixth branch, a seventh branch and an eighth branch connected sequentially from the feeding end to the other end, the widths of the branches are 1.2, 0.9, 0.2, and 1, respectively, and the lengths of the branches are 1.4, 4.7, 4.1, and 2.5, respectively, all in units of mm. The fifth and sixth branches are arranged on one side of the first substrate, the eighth branch is arranged on the other side of the first substrate, and the seventh branch passes through the first substrate.

6. The dual-polarized antenna based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: N＝8； The first power divider includes 10 sizes of power branches from the input end to any output end, and the lengths of the power branches are 4, 5.2, 35.6, 11.2, 23.9, 19, 15.6, 4.6, 7.1, and 11.9, respectively, and the widths of the power branches are 1.2, 0.5, 1.2, 0.5, 0.8, 0.8, 1.1, 1.1, 0.5, and 1, respectively, and the units are all mm.

7. A dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band, characterized in that: include: M dual-polarized antennas based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band according to any one of claims 1 to 6, arranged sequentially along the circumferential direction, M being not less than 3; M reflection plates, respectively arranged on one side of the radiation unit close to the third substrate; Two fourth substrates are arranged in the middle of the M dual-polarized antennas, one side of which is provided with a metal ground, and the other side of which is provided with a 1-to-M second power divider whose output ends are respectively connected to the input ends of the first power divider.

8. The dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The first power divider is arranged on a side of the third substrate close to the second power divider, and the reflection plate is arranged on a side of the third substrate away from the second power divider.

9. The dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: A baffle bent toward one side of the radiation unit is formed on the side of the reflection plate.

10. The dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna based on the Wi-Fi 6E frequency band according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second power divider includes power branches of two sizes from the input end to any output end, the lengths of the power branches are 3.1 and 3.3 respectively, and the widths of the power branches are 1.5 and 0.4 respectively, all in units of mm.

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