A kind of functional feed companion for ornamental fish and its preparation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a functional feed companion for ornamental fish and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of fish feed. The feed companion comprises the following raw materials by weight percentage: 30-100% chlorella, 0-70% spirulina, and 0-41% haematococcus pluvialis, and the raw materials are mixed by weight percentage and prepared by a low-temperature extrusion granulation process. The present invention is prepared separately by adopting a low-temperature extrusion granulation process, which effectively solves the problem of large-scale loss of pigment substances caused by high-temperature preparation during the processing and use of existing ornamental fish color enhancement feeds, and does not affect the maturity and high-temperature sterilization effect of other raw materials in the existing feed; at the same time, with chlorella with good adhesion and formability as the background, the feed companion product has good stability in water, can be effectively absorbed by directly feeding ornamental fish, and simply and conveniently achieves the purpose of color enhancement, and reduces the cost of feed, which is beneficial to the breeding and management of ornamental fish.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fish feed, in particular to a color enhancement functional feed companion specially used for ornamental fish and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, algae or pigment substances are added to the functional feed for ornamental fish to improve the body color of ornamental fish. However, at present, the above-mentioned algae or pigment substances are generally expanded and processed together with other raw materials of feed to form a brightening feed product. Since the algae or pigment substances are mostly heat-sensitive substances, they will cause a large amount of pigment loss in the high temperature (120°C-160°C) treatment step during the expansion production process with other raw materials, which will eventually affect the efficacy of the brightening feed. Alternatively, in order to improve the brightening effect of the feed, it is necessary to add an excessive amount of the algae or pigment substances to ensure that the content of the pigment substances in the finished feed is sufficient, which will lead to a significant increase in the cost of the feed. Alternatively, in order to better retain the heat-sensitive substances, the temperature of the processing process is reduced, which will lead to problems such as insufficient maturity and high-temperature sterilization effect of the feed.

[0003] Therefore, how to better retain the heat-sensitive pigment substances and feed them to ornamental fish while ensuring the quality of the puffed feed is an important problem that needs to be solved. Based on this background, the present application proposes a new functional feed companion for ornamental fish and its preparation method, which can process the algae substances with color enhancement effect into feed companions through a special low-temperature extrusion granulation process, overcome the problem of low retention rate of pigment substances caused by high-temperature puffing after mixing with other raw materials, and at the same time have good stability in water, high absorption rate, simple and convenient to achieve the purpose of color enhancement, and reduce feed costs, which is beneficial to the breeding and management of ornamental fish. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a color-enhancing functional feed companion specifically for ornamental fish, so that algae substances with color-enhancing effects are processed separately through a special low-temperature granulation process to form a feed companion, thereby overcoming the problem of low retention rate of pigment substances caused by high-temperature puffing processing after mixing with other raw materials. At the same time, the present invention has good stability in water, high absorption rate, and can simply and conveniently achieve the purpose of color enhancement, and reduce feed costs, which is beneficial to the breeding and management of ornamental fish, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of existing ornamental fish color-enhancing feeds.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a functional feed companion for ornamental fish, comprising the following raw materials by weight percentage: 30-100% of Chlorella, 0-70% of Spirulina, and 0-41% of Haematococcus pluvialis. The raw materials are mixed by weight percentage and prepared by a low-temperature extrusion granulation process.

[0006] A further improvement comprises the following raw materials by weight percentage: 30% chlorella and 70% spirulina.

[0007] A further improvement comprises the following raw materials by weight percentage: 59% Chlorella and 41% Haematococcus pluvialis.

[0008] Further improvement, the preparation process of the feed companion is:

[0009] (1) ultrafinely grinding the raw materials and mixing them uniformly according to weight percentage;

[0010] (2) adding water to the mixed raw materials at 25-30° C. to make the moisture content reach 20-30%, and continuing to mix for 5-8 minutes under the condition of controlling the temperature not to exceed 70° C. to make the materials fully hydrated and complete the flake granulation;

[0011] (3) After granulation, dry the pellets at 50-60°C with forced air until the moisture content reaches 9-10%, cool and package them for later use.

[0012] As a further improvement, in the step (1), each raw material is crushed to more than 98% passing through an 80-mesh sieve, and the coefficient of variation CV of the raw materials after being evenly mixed is ≤7%.

[0013] As another improvement of the present invention, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a functional feed companion for ornamental fish, wherein the feed companion comprises the following raw materials by weight percentage: 30-100% chlorella, 0-70% spirulina, and 0-41% Haematococcus pluvialis. The preparation method is as follows:

[0014] (1) ultrafinely grinding the raw materials and mixing them uniformly according to weight percentage;

[0015] (2) adding water to the mixed raw materials at 25-30° C. to make the moisture content reach 20-30%, and continuing to mix for 5-8 minutes under the condition of controlling the temperature not to exceed 70° C. to make the materials fully hydrated and complete the flake granulation;

[0016] (3) After granulation, dry the pellets at 50-60°C with forced air until the moisture content reaches 9-10%, cool and package them for later use.

[0017] As a further improvement, in the step (1), each raw material is crushed to more than 98% passing through an 80-mesh sieve, and the coefficient of variation CV of the raw materials after being evenly mixed is ≤7%.

[0018] After adopting such a design, the present invention has at least the following advantages:

[0019] 1. The functional color enhancement feed companion for ornamental fish of the present invention is prepared separately by adopting a low-temperature extrusion granulation process, which effectively solves the problem of large-scale loss of pigment substances caused by high-temperature preparation during the processing and use of existing ornamental fish color enhancement feeds, and does not affect the maturity and high-temperature sterilization effect of other raw materials in the existing feeds; at the same time, the chlorella with good adhesion and formability is used as the base material, so that the feed companion product has good stability in water, can be effectively absorbed by directly feeding the ornamental fish, and achieves the purpose of color enhancement simply and conveniently, and reduces the feed cost, which is beneficial to the breeding and management of ornamental fish.

[0020] 2. The preparation method of the functional feed companion for ornamental fish of the present invention protects the pigment substances in the algae raw material from the influence of high temperature by controlling the temperature in the extrusion granulation and drying steps, and has a low loss rate, especially for chlorophyll b and chlorophyll a, which has an obvious protective effect, provides favorable conditions for the color enhancement of ornamental fish such as koi, and can effectively improve the color enhancement effect of ornamental fish. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention provides a functional color enhancement feed companion for ornamental fish processed by low temperature treatment technology for the aquarium industry, which can be fed with existing fish feed, effectively solving the problem of large loss of pigment substances caused by high temperature preparation during the processing and use of existing ornamental fish color enhancement feed, and does not affect the maturity and high temperature sterilization effect of existing feed, can obviously protect pigment substances, and effectively improve the color enhancement effect of ornamental fish. Specific embodiments are as follows.

[0022] Embodiment 1:

[0023] In this embodiment, commercially available microalgae product Chlorella is selected as raw material and produced by low-temperature extrusion puffing granulation equipment.

[0024] The specific steps are as follows: ultrafinely grind the raw material of Chlorella to make more than 98% pass through an 80-mesh sieve; weigh 100 kg of the ground Chlorella, place it in a mixer at room temperature (25°C), add water and continue mixing for 5 minutes to fully hydrate the material and make the moisture content reach 25%, and complete the granulation of flake particles. Avoid the damage of heat-sensitive pigment substances by conventional steam conditioning (about 100°C). During the granulation process, turn off the heating system of the extruder jacket, and use a fan to assist the heat dissipation of the extruder to ensure that the temperature inside the extrusion chamber does not exceed 70°C, so as to avoid the high temperature (120°C-160°C) of the conventional extrusion and extrusion process and the heat generated by the shearing and mixing of the materials in the extruder, which makes the temperature of the extrusion chamber too high, thereby destroying the heat-sensitive pigment substances.

[0025] After the granulation is completed, the product is dried by forced air at 50° C., and when the moisture content reaches 9%-10%, it is cooled and packaged to obtain the color-enhancing functional feed companion 1 for ornamental fish, which is used for subsequent breeding applications.

[0026] Embodiment 2:

[0027] In this embodiment, commercially available microalgae products Chlorella and Spirulina are selected as raw materials and are produced using a low-temperature extrusion puffing granulation device.

[0028] The specific steps are as follows: ultrafinely grind the raw materials of chlorella and spirulina to make more than 98% pass through an 80-mesh sieve; weigh 30kg of the pulverized chlorella and 70kg of spirulina, mix them evenly, and make the coefficient of variation of the mixing uniformity CV (%) ≤ 7%; then, at room temperature (28°C), place them in a mixer, add water and continue to mix for 8 minutes to make the materials fully hydrated and make the moisture content reach 27%, and complete the granulation of flake particles. Similarly, during the granulation process, the extruder jacket heating system is turned off, and a fan is used to assist the extruder in heat dissipation to ensure that the temperature inside the extrusion chamber does not exceed 70°C.

[0029] After the granulation is completed, the product is dried by air blast at 55° C., and when the moisture content reaches 9%-10%, it is cooled and packaged to obtain the color-enhancing functional feed companion 2 for ornamental fish, which is used for subsequent breeding applications.

[0030] Embodiment 3:

[0031] In this embodiment, commercially available microalgae products Chlorella and Haematococcus pluvialis were selected as raw materials and produced using a low-temperature extrusion puffing granulation device.

[0032] The specific steps are as follows: ultrafinely crush the raw materials of Chlorella and Haematococcus pluvialis to make more than 98% pass through an 80-mesh sieve; weigh 59 kg of the crushed Chlorella and 41 kg of Haematococcus pluvialis, mix them evenly, and make the coefficient of variation of the mixing uniformity CV (%) ≤ 7%; then, at room temperature (30°C), place them in a mixer, add water and continue to mix for 6 minutes to make the materials fully hydrated and make the moisture content reach 30%, and complete granulation. Similarly, during the granulation process, the expansion machine jacket heating system is turned off, and a fan is used to assist the expansion machine in heat dissipation to ensure that the temperature inside the expansion chamber does not exceed 70°C.

[0033] After the granulation is completed, the product is dried by forced air at 60° C., and when the moisture content reaches 9%-10%, it is cooled and packaged to obtain the color-enhancing functional feed companion 3 for ornamental fish, which is used for subsequent breeding applications.

[0034] Comparative Example 1:

[0035] In this embodiment, commercially available microalgae product Chlorella is selected as raw material and is produced using conventional high-temperature extrusion puffing granulation equipment.

[0036] The specific steps are as follows: ultrafinely grind the raw material of Chlorella to make more than 98% pass through an 80-mesh sieve; weigh 100 kg of the ground Chlorella, place it in a mixer, add water and temper the material with conventional steam (about 100°C) to fully hydrate the material and make the moisture content reach 25%. Normally start the expansion machine jacket heating system, adopt conventional extrusion and expansion process, complete the material expansion and extrusion at high temperature (120°C-160°C), and complete granulation.

[0037] After granulation, the product was dried by forced air at 50°C until the moisture content reached 9%-10%, and then cooled and packaged to obtain comparative feed companion 1.

[0038] Comparative Example 2:

[0039] In this embodiment, commercially available microalgae products Chlorella and Spirulina are selected as raw materials and are produced using conventional high-temperature extrusion and puffing granulation equipment.

[0040] The specific steps are as follows: ultrafinely grind the raw materials of chlorella and spirulina to make more than 98% pass through an 80-mesh sieve; weigh 30kg of the pulverized chlorella and 70kg of spirulina, mix them evenly, and make the coefficient of variation of the mixing uniformity CV (%) ≤ 7%; then, put them in a mixer, add water, and use conventional steam conditioning (about 100°C) to fully hydrate the materials and make the moisture content reach 27%. Normally start the expansion machine jacket heating system, adopt the conventional extrusion expansion process, complete the material expansion and extrusion at high temperature (120°C-160°C), and complete the granulation.

[0041] After granulation, the product was dried by forced air at 55°C until the moisture content reached 9%-10%, and then cooled and packaged to obtain comparative feed companion 2.

[0042] Comparative Example 3:

[0043] In this embodiment, commercially available microalgae products Chlorella and Haematococcus pluvialis were selected as raw materials and conventional high-temperature extrusion puffing granulation equipment was used for production.

[0044] The specific steps are as follows: ultrafinely grind the raw materials of Chlorella and Haematococcus pluvialis to make more than 98% pass through an 80-mesh sieve; weigh 59kg of the ground Chlorella and 41kg of Haematococcus pluvialis, mix them evenly, and make the coefficient of variation of the mixing uniformity CV (%) ≤ 7%; then, place them in a mixer, add water, and use conventional steam conditioning (about 100°C) to fully hydrate the materials and make the moisture content reach 30%. Normally start the expansion machine jacket heating system, adopt the conventional extrusion expansion process, complete the material expansion and extrusion at high temperature (120°C-160°C), and complete the granulation.

[0045] After granulation, the product was dried by forced air at 60°C until the moisture content reached 9%-10%, and then cooled and packaged to obtain comparative feed companion 3.

[0046] Results Example

[0047] The feed companion products obtained by processing the above Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were respectively tested for the content of thermosensitive pigments. The testing method adopted the method for determining the content of phycocyanin and chlorophyll in imported and exported Spirulina powder (SN / T 1113-2002). The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0048] Table 1 Detection results of heat-sensitive pigment content in different feed companion products

[0049]

[0050] As can be seen from Table 1 above, the content of pigment substances in the feed companions of Comparative Examples 1-3 is lower than that in the feed companions of Examples 1-3, and the difference is significant. For example, the content of chlorophyll b in Comparative Example 1 is only 75.4% of the content of chlorophyll b in Example 1, and the content of chlorophyll a in Comparative Example 1 is only 44.9% of the content of chlorophyll a in Example 1; the content of chlorophyll b in Comparative Example 2 is only 58.8% of the content of chlorophyll b in Example 2, and the content of chlorophyll a in Comparative Example 2 is only 37.6% of the content of chlorophyll a in Example 2; the content of chlorophyll b in Comparative Example 3 is only 75.7% of the content of chlorophyll b in Example 3, and the content of chlorophyll a in Comparative Example 3 is only 55.8% of the content of chlorophyll a in Example 3. It can be seen that the heat-sensitive pigment substances in the functional feed companion produced by the low-temperature extrusion processing technology of the present invention are well protected, and the loss of pigment substances is greatly reduced. The higher the content of effective pigment ingredients in the feed companion, the better it is absorbed by the koi, and the brighter the body color of the koi. Therefore, under the same addition amount, the functional feed companion produced by the low-temperature process of the present invention will more effectively improve its color enhancement effect on ornamental fish.

[0051] The invention uses Chlorella vulgaris with good adhesion and formability as the base material, optimizes the combination of Spirulina or Haematococcus pluvialis, is rich in color-enhancing substances, and critically adopts a low-temperature processing method to protect the heat-sensitive pigment substances contained in the algae from being destroyed to the maximum extent, so that a small amount of use can achieve the effect of long-term feeding of ordinary color-enhancing feeds, and effectively improves its color-enhancing effect on ornamental fish. At the same time, it is used in combination with feed in the form of a feed companion, while fully meeting the nutritional requirements and color-enhancing requirements of koi, there is no need to change the feed, it can better adapt to the feeding habits of koi, and it will not add additional economic burden to breeders, and the cost is reduced.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Those skilled in the art may make some simple modifications, equivalent changes or modifications using the technical contents disclosed above, which all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A functional feed companion for ornamental fish, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials by weight percentage: 30-100% of chlorella, 0-70% of spirulina, and 0-41% of haematococcus pluvialis. The raw materials are mixed by weight percentage and then prepared by a low-temperature extrusion puffing granulation process. The specific preparation process is as follows: (1) Ultrafinely grind each raw material and mix them evenly according to weight percentage; wherein each raw material is crushed to more than 98% passing through an 80-mesh sieve, and the coefficient of variation CV of the raw materials after being evenly mixed is ≤7%; (2) At 25-30°C, add water to the mixed raw materials and mix for 5-8 minutes to make the moisture content reach 20-30%, and use low-temperature extrusion granulation process to complete the flake granulation; during the granulation process, turn off the extruder jacket heating system, and use a fan to assist the extruder in heat dissipation to ensure that the temperature inside the extrusion chamber does not exceed 70°C; (3) After granulation, dry the pellets at 50-60°C with forced air until the moisture content reaches 9-10%, cool and package them for later use as a feed companion product.

2. The functional feed companion for ornamental fish according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials by weight percentage: 30% chlorella and 70% spirulina.

3. The functional feed companion for ornamental fish according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials by weight percentage: 59% of Chlorella vulgaris and 41% of Haematococcus pluvialis.

4. A method for preparing a functional feed companion for ornamental fish, characterized in that: The feed companion comprises the following raw materials by weight percentage: 30-100% of chlorella, 0-70% of spirulina, and 0-41% of Haematococcus pluvialis. The preparation method is as follows: (1) Ultrafinely grind each raw material and mix them evenly according to weight percentage; wherein each raw material is crushed to more than 98% passing through an 80-mesh sieve, and the coefficient of variation CV of the raw materials after being evenly mixed is ≤7%; (2) At 25-30°C, add water to the mixed raw materials and mix for 5-8 minutes to make the moisture content reach 20-30%, and use low-temperature extrusion granulation process to complete the flake granulation; during the granulation process, turn off the extruder jacket heating system, and use a fan to assist the extruder in heat dissipation to ensure that the temperature inside the extrusion chamber does not exceed 70°C; (3) After granulation, dry the pellets at 50-60°C with forced air until the moisture content reaches 9-10%, cool and package them for later use as a feed companion product.

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