A shaft emergency escape system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, and in particular to a shaft emergency escape system, comprising a shaft arranged on one side of a tunnel, wherein three channels are provided at the bottom of the shaft, wherein one end of the three channels is conductively connected to the tunnel, and the other end is conductively connected to the shaft through a horse-head door, wherein one of the channels is an emergency channel, wherein the horse-head door of the emergency channel is provided with a partition, and one end of the partition is provided with a ladder; the shaft is provided with an upper hanging plate and a lower hanging plate, and the lower hanging plate is aligned with the partition; the shaft is provided with a cage and a bucket, and the cage and the bucket are driven by a traction mechanism on the ground; the upper hanging plate and the lower hanging plate are respectively provided with a through hole, so that the cage and the bucket can be passed through the hole and installed on the upper hanging plate and the lower hanging plate. The shaft emergency escape system of the present invention enables construction workers to leave the tunnel in time when a flood or fire occurs in the tunnel, thereby reducing casualties.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a vertical shaft emergency escape system. Background Art

[0002] Generally, tunnel construction can only be carried out from the two end openings toward the middle of the tunnel, and the construction period is relatively long. Therefore, in the construction of extra-long tunnels, auxiliary tunnels are usually used to increase the working surface and speed up the construction progress. Commonly used auxiliary construction tunnels are parallel pilot tunnels and inclined shafts. Extra-long tunnels with a length of more than 5 kilometers are generally designed with a vertical shaft in the middle of the tunnel as an exhaust and ventilation facility during operation. In the construction of domestic highway tunnels, there are few projects that use vertical shafts to assist construction. Vertical shaft-assisted tunnel construction is in a relatively deep and confined space environment underground, especially vertical shafts with a depth of more than 100 meters. When encountering sudden floods and fires during construction, workers can only escape the tunnel through cages and buckets. When the cage or bucket is in lifting operation or is not at the bottom of the well, they need to wait for the cage or bucket, which increases the time required to escape the tunnel and is very likely to cause large casualties. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a shaft emergency escape system, which enables construction workers to leave the tunnel in time when flooding or fire occurs in the tunnel, thereby reducing casualties.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A vertical shaft emergency escape system, comprising a vertical shaft arranged on one side of a tunnel, wherein three passages are provided at the bottom of the vertical shaft, wherein one end of the three passages is conductively connected to the tunnel and the other end is conductively connected to the vertical shaft through a horse-head door, wherein one of the passages is an emergency passage, wherein the horse-head door of the emergency passage is provided with a partition, wherein one end of the partition is provided with a ladder, wherein the ladder is obliquely arranged on one side of the emergency passage, and the other end of the partition faces the vertical shaft; wherein an upper hanging tray and a lower hanging tray are suspended in the vertical shaft, and the lower hanging tray is aligned with the partition so that the lower hanging tray can be entered through the partition;

[0006] The vertical shaft is equipped with a cage and a bucket, and the cage and the bucket are driven by a traction mechanism on the ground; the upper hanging plate and the lower hanging plate are respectively provided with a penetrating plate hole, so that the cage and the bucket can be passed through the plate hole to be installed on the upper hanging plate and the lower hanging plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the bucket has a barrel cavity, and a barrel opening is provided on the top of the bucket, communicating with the barrel cavity. A side opening is provided on one side of the bucket, communicating with the barrel cavity, and the side opening is connected to the barrel opening. The side opening is provided with a side cover, and the end of the side cover away from the barrel opening is rotatably connected to the bucket via a hinge.

[0008] A fixing belt is provided on the outer wall of the bucket, one end of the fixing belt is fixedly connected to the bucket, and the other end is connected to the bucket through a buckle, and the fixing belt can abut against the side cover to enable the side cover to close the side opening.

[0009] Furthermore, the area of ​​the side cover is larger than the side opening so that the side cover can cover the outside of the side opening, and a sealing strip is provided around the side of the side cover facing the barrel cavity. When the side cover closes the side opening, the sealing strip abuts against the outer wall around the side opening.

[0010] Furthermore, each hole of the lower hanging plate is provided with a clamping mechanism, and the clamping mechanism is located on the side of the lower hanging plate facing away from the upper hanging plate. The clamping mechanism includes a clamping member and a pneumatic telescopic rod. The clamping member is an arc-shaped structure. There are two clamping members, and the two clamping members are arranged opposite to each other. The pneumatic telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the lower hanging plate, and the driving shaft of the pneumatic telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the clamping member. The pneumatic telescopic rod can drive the clamping member to move toward the hole so that the clamping member can clamp the corresponding tank cage and the bucket.

[0011] Furthermore, the bottom of the bucket is provided with a bottom opening, a support plate is provided at the bottom opening, the support plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bucket, and two switch plates are provided on the side of the support plate facing away from the top of the bucket. The switch plates are semicircular structures, one end of the switch plate is rotatably connected to the support plate, and the other end is provided with a plurality of locking mechanisms evenly distributed, through which the switch plate can close the bottom opening;

[0012] A grid is provided at one end of the bucket close to the bottom opening, and the grid is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bucket.

[0013] Furthermore, a sealing ring is provided in the bucket, and when the switch plate is capable of closing the bottom opening, the side surface of the switch plate away from one end of the support plate abuts against the sealing ring.

[0014] Furthermore, the locking mechanism includes a fixed shell and a fixed shaft, the fixed shell is fixedly connected to the side of the switch plate facing away from the support plate, the fixed shell is recessed with a sliding groove, one end of the fixed shaft is embedded in the sliding groove and is slidably connected to the fixed shell, and the other end is an arc structure; a locking spring is provided in the sliding groove, and the two ends of the locking spring are respectively abutted against the fixed shell and the fixed shaft, and under the elastic force of the locking spring, the fixed shaft passes through the outside of the bucket; when the pneumatic telescopic rod is extended, the clamping member can press down the fixed shaft to retract the fixed shaft into the bucket.

[0015] Furthermore, a limiting ring is provided in the sliding groove, and the limiting ring is fixedly connected to the fixed shell; the sliding groove is provided with a limiting member, one side of the limiting member is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft through a connecting rod, and the other side abuts against the locking spring, and under the elastic force of the locking spring, the limiting member abuts against the limiting ring.

[0016] Furthermore, a hole in the lower hanging plate for passing the bucket is provided with a photoelectric proximity switch, the photoelectric proximity switch is recessed in the peripheral wall of the hole, and the photoelectric proximity switch is electrically connected to the traction mechanism of the bucket and the pneumatic telescopic rod through a controller;

[0017] A reflective ring is provided on the outer wall of the bucket. When the reflective ring is aligned with the photoelectric proximity switch, the fixed axis faces the clamping member, and the photoelectric proximity switch obtains an in-position signal through the reflective ring, so that the controller controls the extension of the pneumatic telescopic rod according to the in-position signal.

[0018] The lower hanging plate is provided with an emergency switch, and the emergency switch is electrically connected to the controller.

[0019] Furthermore, the holes in the upper hanging plate and the lower hanging plate for passing the bucket are provided with protective tubes, and the protective tube of the lower hanging plate includes two baffles, one side of which is rotatably connected to each other and the other side can abut against each other;

[0020] A telescopic card rod is provided on one side of the baffle, and the two telescopic card rods of the protective tube are arranged opposite to each other. The telescopic card rod is recessed in the lower hanging plate. The telescopic card rod can abut against the baffle to put the two baffles in a closed state; the telescopic card rod is electrically connected to the controller.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] 1. When an uncontrollable flood or fire occurs at the face, construction workers in the tunnel enter the corresponding channel based on the principle of the nearest approach. Since one end of the three channels is connected to the vertical shaft, construction workers can all enter the emergency channel through the vertical shaft, move to the partition via the emergency channel ladder, and then transfer to the lower hoisting platform to wait for the cage or bucket to arrive. Even if the cage or bucket is in the process of lifting or is not at the bottom of the shaft, construction workers can quickly move to a temporarily safe area. This ensures that construction workers can leave the tunnel in time when flooding or fire occurs in the tunnel, reducing casualties and avoiding construction workers being trapped and killed in the tunnel.

[0023] 2. The present invention uses a fixing strap connected to the bucket via a buckle structure, allowing the side cover to be quickly opened or closed, allowing construction workers to quickly enter the bucket cavity, thereby reducing the time required to escape the tunnel. The side cover is also equipped with a sealing strip. When the side cover closes the side opening, the sealing strip abuts against the outer wall around the side opening, and the sealing strip is compressed, ensuring the sealing of the bucket cavity, thereby not affecting the normal use of the bucket.

[0024] 3. When the cage and bucket move to the hole of the lower hanging plate, the pneumatic telescopic rod extends, causing the clamping piece to move toward the hole, so that the clamping piece can clamp the corresponding cage and bucket, so that the cage and bucket can be fixed in the hole, avoiding the cage and bucket from shaking due to panic of the construction workers, and ensuring that the construction workers can smoothly enter the cage and bucket. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a shaft emergency escape system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the channel structure of a vertical shaft emergency escape system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of the bucket structure of a shaft emergency escape system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the barrel cavity structure of a vertical shaft emergency escape system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the side cover structure of a shaft emergency escape system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the grid structure of a shaft emergency escape system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the locking mechanism of a shaft emergency escape system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the protective tube structure of a shaft emergency escape system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the clamping mechanism of a shaft emergency escape system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure, 1-tunnel, 2-shaft, 21-passageway, 210-emergency passage, 211-horse head door, 22-partition, 221-ladder, 31-upper hanging plate, 32-lower hanging plate, 33-plate hole, 4-cage, 5-bucket, 501-bucket cavity, 502-bucket mouth, 503-side mouth, 504-bottom mouth, 51-side cover, 511-hinge, 512-sealing strip, 52-fixing belt, 5 21- buckle, 53- support plate, 54- switch plate, 55- grid, 56- sealing ring, 6- clamping part, 61- pneumatic telescopic rod, 7- fixed shell, 701- sliding groove, 71- fixed shaft, 711- limiter, 712- connecting rod, 72- locking spring, 73- limit ring, 8- photoelectric proximity switch, 81- reflective ring, 9- protective tube, 91- baffle, 92- telescopic rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" another component, it may be directly on the other component or there may also be a central component. When a component is considered to be "connected to" another component, it may be directly connected to the other component or there may also be a central component. When a component is considered to be "set on" another component, it may be directly set on the other component or there may also be a central component. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0037] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms used in this specification of the present invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0038] Please also see Figures 1 to 9A preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises a shaft emergency escape system, comprising a shaft 2 disposed on one side of a tunnel 1. Three passages 21 are provided at the bottom of the shaft 2. One end of the three passages 21 is electrically connected to the tunnel 1, and the other end is electrically connected to the shaft 2 via a gate 211. One of the passages 21 is an emergency passage 210. The gate 211 of the emergency passage 210 is provided with a partition 22. A ladder 221 is provided at one end of the partition 22. The ladder 221 is tilted to one side of the emergency passage 210, with the other end of the partition 22 facing the shaft 2. An upper hanging tray 31 and a lower hanging tray 32 are suspended from the shaft 2. The lower hanging tray 32 is aligned with the partition 22 so that access to the lower hanging tray 32 is possible through the partition 22. The upper hanging tray 31 is provided above the lower hanging tray 32.

[0039] The vertical shaft 2 is equipped with a cage 4 and a bucket 5, and the cage 4 and the bucket 5 are driven by a traction mechanism on the ground; the upper hanging plate 31 and the lower hanging plate 32 are respectively provided with a through plate hole 33, so that the cage 4 and the bucket 5 can be passed through the plate hole 33 and installed on the upper hanging plate 31 and the lower hanging plate 32.

[0040] When an uncontrollable flood or fire occurs at the tunnel face, the construction workers in the tunnel enter the corresponding channel 21 based on the nearest principle. Since one end of the three channels 21 is connected to the vertical shaft 2, the construction workers can all enter the emergency channel 210 through the vertical shaft 2, climb the ladder 221 through the emergency channel 210 to move to the partition 22, and then transfer to the lower hanging plate 32 to wait for the cage or bucket to arrive. Even if the cage or bucket is in the lifting operation or is not at the bottom of the well, the construction workers can quickly move to a temporarily safe area, so that the construction workers can leave the tunnel in time when flooding or fire occurs in the tunnel, reducing casualties and avoiding construction workers being trapped and killed in the tunnel.

[0041] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the bucket 5 has a barrel cavity 501 therein, and a barrel opening 502 is provided at the top of the bucket 5, communicating with the barrel cavity 501. A side opening 503 is provided on one side of the bucket 5, communicating with the barrel cavity 501, and the side opening 503 is communicated with the barrel opening 502. The side opening 503 is provided with a side cover 51, and the end of the side cover 51 away from the barrel opening 502 is rotatably connected to the bucket 5 via a hinge 511.

[0042] The outer wall of the bucket 5 is provided with a fixing strap 52, one end of which is fixedly connected to the bucket 5, and the other end is connected to the bucket 5 via a buckle 521. The fixing strap 52 can abut against the side cover 51 to close the side opening 503. In this embodiment, the fixing strap 52 can be a steel chain, and the buckle 521 is made of stainless steel and has the same structure as a safety belt buckle.

[0043] The area of ​​the side cover 51 is larger than the side opening 503 so that the side cover 51 can cover the outside of the side opening 503, and a sealing strip 512 is provided around the side of the side cover 51 facing the barrel cavity 501. When the side cover 51 closes the side opening 503, the sealing strip 512 abuts against the outer wall around the side opening 503.

[0044] In this embodiment, the fixing strap 52 is connected to the bucket 52 via a buckle structure, allowing the side cover 51 to be quickly opened or closed, allowing construction workers to quickly enter the bucket cavity 501, thereby reducing the time required to escape the tunnel. The side cover 51 is also provided with a sealing strip 512. When the side cover 51 closes the side opening 503, the sealing strip 512 abuts against the outer wall of the side opening 503, and the sealing strip 512 is compressed, ensuring the sealing of the bucket cavity 501, thereby not affecting the normal use of the bucket 5.

[0045] like Figure 4 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 9 As shown, each plate hole 33 of the lower hanging plate 32 is provided with a clamping mechanism, which is located on the side of the lower hanging plate 32 facing away from the upper hanging plate 31. The clamping mechanism includes a clamping member 6 and a pneumatic telescopic rod 61. The clamping member 6 is an arc-shaped structure. There are two clamping members 6, and the two clamping members 6 are arranged opposite to each other. The pneumatic telescopic rod 61 is fixedly connected to the lower hanging plate 32, and the driving shaft of the pneumatic telescopic rod 61 is fixedly connected to the clamping member 6. The pneumatic telescopic rod 61 can drive the clamping member 6 to move toward the plate hole 33 so that the clamping member 6 can clamp the corresponding tank cage 4 and bucket 5.

[0046] When the cage 4 and the bucket 5 move to the hole 33 of the lower hanging plate 32, the pneumatic telescopic rod 61 extends, causing the clamping member 6 to move toward the hole 33, so that the clamping member 6 can clamp the corresponding cage 4 and bucket 5, so that the cage 4 and bucket 5 can be fixed in the hole 33, avoiding the cage 4 and bucket 5 from shaking due to panic of the construction workers, and ensuring that the construction workers can smoothly enter the cage 4 and bucket 5. Moreover, releasing the cage 4 and bucket 5 after they are fixed can make the cage 4 and bucket 5 rise more stably.

[0047] like Figure 4 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 9As shown, the side of the support plate 53 facing away from the top of the bucket 5 is provided with two switch plates 54. The switch plates 54 are semicircular in structure. One end of the switch plates 54 is rotatably connected to the support plate 53, and the other end is provided with multiple locking mechanisms evenly spaced. Through the locking mechanisms, the switch plates 54 can seal the bottom opening 504. In this embodiment, a sealing ring 56 is provided inside the bucket 5. When the switch plates 54 are able to seal the bottom opening 504, the side of the switch plates 54 away from the support plate 53 abuts the sealing ring 56. The sealing ring 56 is made of hard rubber. When the switch plates 54 abut the sealing ring 56, the sealing ring 56 can seal the gap between the switch plates 54 and the bottom opening 504, thereby not affecting the normal use of the bucket 5. In this embodiment, the multiple locking mechanisms are provided. Even if a locking mechanism is accidentally triggered, the switch plates 54 will not accidentally open. Moreover, the multiple locking mechanisms can more stably support the switch plates 54, thereby not affecting the normal use of the bucket 5.

[0048] A grid 55 is provided at one end of the bucket 5 near the bottom opening 504 , and the grid 55 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bucket 5 .

[0049] The locking mechanism includes a fixed housing 7 and a fixed shaft 71. The fixed housing 7 is fixedly connected to the side of the switch plate 54 facing away from the support plate 53. The fixed housing 7 is recessed with a sliding groove 701. One end of the fixed shaft 71 is embedded in the sliding groove 701 and slidably connected to the fixed housing 7, while the other end is an arc structure. A locking spring 72 is installed in the sliding groove 701. The two ends of the locking spring 72 respectively abut the fixed housing 7 and the fixed shaft 71. Under the elastic force of the locking spring 72, the fixed shaft 71 is extended out of the bucket 5. When the pneumatic telescopic rod 61 is extended, the clamping member 6 can press down the fixed shaft 71, so that the fixed shaft 71 is retracted into the bucket 5. In this embodiment, the bucket 5 is provided with a through support hole, so that the fixed shaft 71 passes through the support hole and is installed in the bucket 5.

[0050] A retaining ring 73 is disposed within the sliding groove 701 and is fixedly connected to the fixed housing 7. A retaining member 711 is disposed within the sliding groove 701. One side of the retaining member 711 is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft 71 via a connecting rod 712, and the other side abuts against the locking spring 72. Under the elastic force of the locking spring 72, the retaining member 711 abuts against the retaining ring 73. The retaining member 711 and the retaining ring 73 prevent the fixed shaft 71 from sliding out of the sliding groove 701. In this embodiment, the outer wall of the retaining member 711 is in sliding connection with the sliding groove 701.

[0051] Because the clamping member 6 of this embodiment has an arc-shaped structure, when the fixed shaft 71 is aligned with the clamping member 6, the pneumatic telescopic rod 61 extends, and while the clamping member 6 clamps the corresponding cage 4, it can also press down all the fixed shafts 71, so that the fixed shafts 71 are retracted into the bucket 5. The waste rock and other materials in the bucket 5 can be quickly discharged out of the bucket 5 through the grid 55, allowing construction workers to quickly enter the bucket 5 and reduce the time required to escape. At the same time, construction workers can stand on the grid 55 without having to reclose the switch plate 54, achieving emergency escape. Moreover, by opening the side cover 51, the waste rock and other materials in the bucket 5 can also be discharged through the side opening 503, increasing the discharge efficiency of the waste rock and other materials in the bucket 5.

[0052] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the disk hole 33 in the lower hanging plate 32 for passing the bucket 5 is provided with a photoelectric proximity switch 8, which is recessed in the peripheral wall of the disk hole 33, and the photoelectric proximity switch 8 is electrically connected to the traction mechanism of the bucket 5 and the pneumatic telescopic rod 61 through the controller.

[0053] Bucket 5 is provided with a reflective ring 81 on its outer wall. When reflective ring 81 is aligned with photoelectric proximity switch 8, fixed shaft 71 faces clamp 6, and photoelectric proximity switch 8 receives a reflected signal from reflective ring 81, causing the controller to extend pneumatic telescopic rod 61 based on the in-position signal. Reflective ring 81 can be made of a light-reflecting material, such as reflective paint, so that photoelectric proximity switch 8 can receive a signal from the reflected light.

[0054] The lower hanging plate 32 is provided with an emergency switch, which is electrically connected to the controller. The emergency switch of the present embodiment can be located on the lower hanging plate 32 by a platform so that the construction workers on the bucket 5 can trigger the emergency switch.

[0055] In this embodiment, the emergency switch includes an emergency start switch and a traction mechanism drive switch. When the emergency start switch is turned on, the emergency state is entered, and the photoelectric proximity switch 8 is activated. When the photoelectric proximity switch 8 receives a feedback signal from the reflective ring 81, the controller controls the traction mechanism to stop according to the signal from the photoelectric proximity switch 8, aligning the fixed shaft 71 with the clamping member 6. The controller then controls the extension of the pneumatic telescopic rod 61, allowing the clamping member 6 to secure the bucket 5 and open the switch plate 54. Once a construction worker enters the bucket 5 and closes the side opening 503 with the side cover 51, the controller controls the traction mechanism to rise via the traction mechanism drive switch, completing the evacuation of personnel.

[0056] The cage 4 of this embodiment is a conventional cage. Both the cage 4 and the bucket 5 are equipped with lifting rings, so that the traction mechanism can pull the cage 4 and bucket 5 upward, or release the traction mechanism to guide the cage 4 and bucket 5 downward. The traction mechanism includes a traction rope, a reeling frame, and a traction motor. One end of the traction rope is connected to the corresponding cage 4 and bucket 5, and the other end is connected to the reeling frame. The traction motor is in transmission connection with the reeling frame. The traction principle is conventional.

[0057] like Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown, the holes 33 in the upper and lower hanging plates 31 and 32 for inserting the bucket 5 are provided with a protective tube 9. The protective tube 9 of the lower hanging plate 32 includes two baffles 91. The baffles 91 are rotatably connected to each other on one side and can abut against each other on the other side. The two baffles 91 are rotatably connected to each other by hinges.

[0058] A telescopic lever 92 is provided on each side of the baffle 91. The two telescopic levers 92 of the protective tube 9 are arranged opposite each other and recessed in the lower suspension plate 32. The telescopic levers 92 can abut against the baffle 91 to close the baffles 91. The telescopic levers 92 are electrically connected to the controller. In this embodiment, the telescopic levers 92 are electrically powered.

[0059] Under normal circumstances, the telescopic card rod 92 is in an extended state, and the telescopic card rod 92 restricts the rotation of the baffle 91, so that the two baffles 91 are closed to each other, thereby preventing construction workers from accidentally falling into the disc hole 33 in the lower hanging plate 32 for inserting the bucket 5. When the emergency start switch is turned on, the telescopic card rod 92 is shortened, and the telescopic end of the telescopic card rod 92 is lower than the hanging plate 32, so that the two baffles 91 can rotate freely, thereby opening the two baffles 91, so that construction workers can enter the bucket 5.

[0060] When using the shaft emergency escape system of this embodiment, when an uncontrollable flood or fire occurs at the tunnel face, the construction workers in the tunnel enter the corresponding passage 21 based on the nearest principle, and all the construction workers can enter the shaft 2 to the emergency passage 210, then move to the partition 22 by climbing the ladder 221 from the emergency passage 210, and then transfer to the lower hoisting platform 32 to wait for the cage 4 or bucket 5 to arrive.

[0061] When the cage 4 reaches the hole 33 in the lower hanging plate 32 for inserting the cage 4, the controller controls the traction mechanism to stop and simultaneously controls the corresponding locking mechanism to start, thereby fixing the bottom of the cage 4. After the construction personnel are about to enter the cage 4, the traction mechanism is controlled to start again, so that the cage 4 rises to the ground.

[0062] When all construction workers have evacuated to the lower hanging platform 32, the photoelectric proximity switch 8 receives a feedback signal from the reflective ring 81, proving that the fixed shaft 71 is aligned with the clamp 6. The controller controls the pneumatic telescopic rod 61 to extend, so that the clamp 6 can fix the bucket 5 and open the switch plate 54. The gangue and other materials in the bucket 5 can be quickly discharged to the outside of the bucket 5 through the grid 55. The construction workers enter the bucket 5 and stand on the grid 55. After the construction workers enter the bucket 5 and close the side opening 503 with the side cover 51, they can press the traction mechanism drive switch, and the controller can control the traction mechanism to rise to complete the evacuation of the personnel.

Claims

1. A shaft emergency escape system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a vertical shaft (2) arranged on one side of a tunnel (1), three channels (21) are arranged at the bottom of the vertical shaft (2), one end of the three channels (21) is connected to the tunnel (1), and the other end is connected to the vertical shaft (2) through a horse head door (211), one of the channels (21) is an emergency channel (210), the horse head door (211) of the emergency channel (210) is provided with a partition (22), one end of the partition (22) is provided with a ladder (221), the ladder (221) is arranged obliquely on one side of the emergency channel (210), and the other end of the partition (22) faces the vertical shaft (2); the vertical shaft (2) is provided with an upper hanging plate (31) and a lower hanging plate (32), and the lower hanging plate (32) is aligned with the partition (22) so that the lower hanging plate (32) can be entered through the partition (22); The vertical shaft (2) is provided with a cage (4) and a bucket (5), and the cage (4) and the bucket (5) are driven by a traction mechanism on the ground; the upper hanging plate (31) and the lower hanging plate (32) are respectively provided with a through plate hole (33), so that the cage (4) and the bucket (5) can be passed through the plate hole (33) and installed on the upper hanging plate (31) and the lower hanging plate (32).

2. A shaft emergency escape system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hanging bucket (5) is provided with a barrel cavity (501) therein, and a barrel opening (502) communicating with the barrel cavity (501) is provided on the top of the hanging bucket (5); a side opening (503) communicating with the barrel cavity (501) is provided on one side of the hanging bucket (5), and the side opening (503) is communicated with the barrel opening (502); the side opening (503) is provided with a side cover (51), and the end of the side cover (51) away from the barrel opening (502) is rotatably connected to the hanging bucket (5) via a hinge (511); The outer wall of the hanging bucket (5) is provided with a fixing belt (52), one end of the fixing belt (52) is fixedly connected to the hanging bucket (5), and the other end is connected to the hanging bucket (5) via a buckle (521), and the fixing belt (52) can abut against the side cover (51) so that the side cover (51) closes the side opening (503).

3. A shaft emergency escape system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The area of ​​the side cover (51) is larger than the side opening (503), so that the side cover (51) can cover the outside of the side opening (503), and a sealing strip (512) is provided around the side of the side cover (51) facing the barrel cavity (501). When the side cover (51) closes the side opening (503), the sealing strip (512) abuts against the outer wall around the side opening (503).

4. The shaft emergency escape system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each hole (33) of the lower hanging plate (32) is provided with a clamping mechanism, and the clamping mechanism is located on the side of the lower hanging plate (32) facing away from the upper hanging plate (31). The clamping mechanism includes a clamping member (6) and a pneumatic telescopic rod (61). The clamping member (6) is an arc-shaped structure. There are two clamping members (6), and the two clamping members (6) are arranged opposite to each other. The pneumatic telescopic rod (61) is fixedly connected to the lower hanging plate (32), and the driving shaft of the pneumatic telescopic rod (61) is fixedly connected to the clamping member (6). The pneumatic telescopic rod (61) can drive the clamping member (6) to move toward the hole (33) so that the clamping member (6) can clamp the corresponding cage (4) and the bucket (5).

5. A shaft emergency escape system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the bucket (5) is provided with a bottom opening (504), and a support plate (53) is provided at the bottom opening (504). The support plate (53) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bucket (5), and two switch plates (54) are provided on the side of the support plate (53) facing away from the top of the bucket (5). The switch plates (54) are semicircular structures, and one end of the switch plate (54) is rotatably connected to the support plate (53), and the other end is provided with a plurality of locking mechanisms evenly distributed, and the switch plate (54) can close the bottom opening (504) through the locking mechanism. A grid (55) is provided at one end of the hanging bucket (5) close to the bottom opening (504), and the grid (55) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hanging bucket (5).

6. A shaft emergency escape system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A sealing ring (56) is provided in the bucket (5), and when the switch plate (54) is capable of closing the bottom opening (504), the side surface of the switch plate (54) away from one end of the support plate (53) abuts against the sealing ring (56).

7. The shaft emergency escape system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The locking mechanism includes a fixed shell (7) and a fixed shaft (71), the fixed shell (7) is fixedly connected to the side of the switch plate (54) facing away from the support plate (53), the fixed shell (7) is recessed with a sliding groove (701), one end of the fixed shaft (71) is embedded in the sliding groove (701) and is slidably connected to the fixed shell (7), and the other end is an arc structure; a locking spring (72) is provided in the sliding groove (701), the two ends of the locking spring (72) are respectively in contact with the fixed shell (7) and the fixed shaft (71), and under the elastic force of the locking spring (72), the fixed shaft (71) passes through the outside of the bucket (5); when the pneumatic telescopic rod (61) is extended, the clamping member (6) can press down the fixed shaft (71) to retract the fixed shaft (71) into the bucket (5).

8. The shaft emergency escape system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A limiting ring (73) is provided in the sliding groove (701), and the limiting ring (73) is fixedly connected to the fixed shell (7); the sliding groove (701) is provided with a limiting member (711), and one side of the limiting member (711) is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft (71) through a connecting rod (712), and the other side abuts against the locking spring (72). Under the elastic force of the locking spring (72), the limiting member (711) abuts against the limiting ring (73).

9. The shaft emergency escape system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A photoelectric proximity switch (8) is provided in the hole (33) in the lower hanging plate (32) for inserting the bucket (5), and the photoelectric proximity switch (8) is recessed in the peripheral wall of the hole (33), and the photoelectric proximity switch (8) is electrically connected to the traction mechanism of the bucket (5) and the pneumatic telescopic rod (61) through a controller; The outer wall of the bucket (5) is provided with a reflective ring (81), and when the reflective ring (81) is aligned with the photoelectric proximity switch (8), the fixed shaft (71) faces the clamping member (6), and the photoelectric proximity switch (8) obtains an in-position signal through the reflective ring (81), so that the controller controls the extension of the pneumatic telescopic rod (61) according to the in-position signal; The lower hanging plate (32) is provided with an emergency switch, and the emergency switch is electrically connected to the controller.

10. A shaft emergency escape system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The holes (33) in the upper hanging plate (31) and the lower hanging plate (32) for inserting the bucket (5) are provided with protective tubes (9), and the protective tube (9) of the lower hanging plate (32) includes two baffles (91), one side of the baffles (91) is rotatably connected to each other, and the other side can abut against each other; A telescopic card rod (92) is provided on one side of the baffle (91), and the two telescopic card rods (92) of the protective tube (9) are arranged opposite to each other. The telescopic card rod (92) is recessed in the lower hanging plate (32), and the telescopic card rod (92) can abut against the baffle (91) to make the two baffles (91) in a closed state; the telescopic card rod (92) is electrically connected to the controller.

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