A drainage and air collection plunger brake system

Abstract

The present invention relates to a drainage and gas extraction plunger brake system. The drainage and gas extraction plunger brake system comprises: a cylinder; a driving device, comprising a driving motor, a screw nut mechanism and a transmission shaft, wherein the driving motor is connected to the transmission shaft through the screw nut mechanism to drive the transmission shaft to move axially along the cylinder; a transmission sleeve, fixed on the transmission shaft, the transmission sleeve has a central hole, the central hole comprises a large hole section, a small hole section and a tapered hole section, the tapered hole section is connected between the large and small hole sections, a guide groove connecting the inside and outside of the transmission sleeve is provided on the hole wall of the central hole, and the guide groove extends along the axial direction of the transmission sleeve; a brake block, arranged on the outside of the cylinder, and a brake convex portion is provided on the outer side surface of the brake block; a reset elastic member, arranged between the cylinder and the corresponding brake block, and used to apply an elastic force to the brake block to make it move away from the cylinder; a transmission hook, fixed on the corresponding brake block, the transmission hook has a hook head, the hook head is in the central hole of the transmission sleeve and hooked on the groove edge of the guide groove.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a water drainage and air collection plunger braking system. Background Art

[0002] Plunger gas lift has been widely used as a water drainage gas production technology. This method can reduce bottom hole liquid accumulation and extend the production time of gas wells. Moreover, it can be used in oil and gas wells that are prone to wax and scale formation, eliminating the process of cleaning wax and scale.

[0003] The plungers currently in operation basically ignore speed control. During the drainage process, due to the continuous increase in well depth, when the plunger is in a state of almost free fall when it descends, when the plunger touches the liquid surface or reaches the bottom of the well, it will inevitably produce excessive impact on itself and the bottom of the well buffer, thereby destroying the plunger or the buffer and causing serious downhole accidents. When the plunger is ascending, the high-pressure gas at the bottom of the well forms a continuous lifting force on the plunger. During the continuous discharge of the liquid on the top of the plunger, the plunger will continue to accelerate upward. When it reaches the wellhead position, it will also collide with the wellhead blowout preventer due to excessive speed, damaging the plunger or the wellhead blowout preventer, posing a major safety hazard. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a water drainage and air collection plunger brake system to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the plunger will generate a large impact when moving upward and downward.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the drainage and air collection plunger brake system of the present invention is:

[0006] The drainage and gas extraction plunger brake system comprises a cylinder body, in which a driving device and a transmission sleeve are arranged, the driving device comprises a driving motor, a screw nut mechanism and a transmission shaft, the driving motor is connected to the transmission shaft through the screw nut mechanism to drive the transmission shaft to move axially along the cylinder body; the transmission sleeve is fixed on the transmission shaft to move axially along the cylinder body with the transmission shaft, the transmission sleeve has a central hole, the central hole comprises a large hole section, a small hole section and a tapered hole section, the tapered hole section is connected between the large hole section and the small hole section, a guide groove connecting the inside and outside of the transmission sleeve is arranged on the hole wall of the central hole, and the guide groove extends along the axial direction of the transmission sleeve; a brake block is arranged on the outside of the cylinder body, at least two brake blocks are arranged along the circumference of the cylinder body, a brake convex portion is arranged on the outer side surface of the brake block, and both side surfaces of the brake convex portion in the axial direction of the cylinder body are inclined surfaces; a transmission hook is arranged on the brake block, and the transmission hook has a hook head, which is located in the central hole of the transmission sleeve and hooked on the groove edge of the guide groove; a reset elastic member is arranged between the cylinder body and the corresponding brake block, and the reset elastic member is used to apply an elastic force to the brake block to keep it away from the cylinder body.

[0007] The beneficial effect is that the drainage and gas production plunger braking system of the present invention can adjust the radial movement of the brake block in real time according to the current operating state and well conditions through the cooperation of the transmission sleeve and the reset elastic part, thereby controlling the running speed of the plunger, effectively avoiding excessive impact force when the plunger reaches the limit position, preventing the plunger from being damaged, and increasing the service life of the plunger. At the same time, it protects the bottom of the well and the wellhead equipment, greatly reducing the safety production accidents caused by high-speed impacts.

[0008] As a further improvement, at least one end of the guide groove is provided with a hook through hole, and the hook through hole is used for the hook to pass through to enter the central hole of the transmission sleeve.

[0009] The beneficial effect is that such a design makes it easy to install the hook head into the central hole of the transmission sleeve.

[0010] As a further improvement, the hook head perforation is a round hole.

[0011] The beneficial effect is that such a design facilitates the processing of the hook head perforation.

[0012] As a further improvement, the transmission sleeve includes a connecting seat, which is located on the side of the small hole section facing away from the tapered hole section in the axial direction of the transmission sleeve, and the transmission sleeve is fixed on the transmission shaft through the connecting seat.

[0013] The beneficial effect is that such a design facilitates the processing of the center hole.

[0014] As a further improvement, the transmission sleeve is a cylindrical structure.

[0015] The beneficial effect is that such a design makes the hole wall at the small hole section thicker, so as to ensure the overall strength of the transmission sleeve.

[0016] As a further improvement, the resetting elastic member is a compression spring.

[0017] The beneficial effect is that such a design makes it easy to install the resetting elastic member between the cylinder and the corresponding brake block.

[0018] As a further improvement, a compression spring positioning groove is provided on the cylinder and / or the corresponding brake block, and the end of the compression spring is installed in the compression spring positioning groove.

[0019] The beneficial effect is that such a design can ensure the stability of the compression spring during its expansion and contraction process.

[0020] As a further improvement, the inclined surface is a straight inclined surface.

[0021] The beneficial effect is that such a design facilitates the processing of the inclined surface.

[0022] As a further improvement, the hook head is a conical structure.

[0023] The beneficial effect is: the design is such that the strength of the hook head is ensured.

[0024] As a further improvement, at least two resetting elastic members are provided between the cylinder and the corresponding brake block.

[0025] The beneficial effect is that such a design can ensure that the brake block is ejected outwards. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the water drainage and air collection plunger brake system of the present invention when it is closed;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the brake block being at the coupling when the water drainage and air collection plunger brake system of the present invention is turned on;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the brake block being above the coupling when the water drainage and air collection plunger brake system of the present invention is turned on;

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle and upper cylinder;

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the middle brake block and the transmission hook;

[0031] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the middle transmission sleeve;

[0032] In the figure: 11, drive motor; 12, lower cylinder; 13, drive compartment; 14, screw nut mechanism; 15, oil pipe; 16, transmission shaft; 17, joint; 18, coupling gap; 19, lower limit sleeve; 20, transmission sleeve; 21, transmission hook; 22, brake block; 23, compression spring; 24, upper limit sleeve; 25, upper cylinder; 26, avoidance hole; 27, first compression spring positioning groove; 28, limiting groove; 29, hook head; 30, braking convex part; 31, second compression spring positioning groove; 32, limiting protrusion; 33, connecting seat; 34, small hole section; 35, tapered hole section; 36, large hole section; 37, guide groove; 38, hook head perforation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention, that is, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0034] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] It should be noted that the relational terms such as the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "including one..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements. In addition, the terms "front", "back", "up", "down", "left" and "right" are based on the orientation and positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention.

[0036] The features and performance of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0037] Embodiment 1 of the water drainage and air collection plunger brake system of the present invention:

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the water drainage and air collection plunger brake system includes a cylinder, which is arranged in the oil pipe 15 along the up and down direction, and the cylinder includes an upper cylinder 25, a joint 17 and a lower cylinder 12, and the upper cylinder 25 and the lower cylinder 12 are connected together through the joint 17. Among them, the joint 17 has a transmission shaft through hole.

[0039] In this embodiment, the inner cavity of the lower cylinder 12 constitutes a driving chamber 13 and a screw nut mechanism 14. A driving motor 11 is arranged in the driving chamber 13. The driving motor 11 is connected to a transmission shaft 16 through the screw nut mechanism 14 to drive the transmission shaft 16 to move along the axial direction of the cylinder. The transmission shaft 16 passes through the transmission shaft through-hole and extends into the inner cavity of the upper cylinder 25.

[0040] In this embodiment, a transmission sleeve 20 is disposed in the inner cavity of the upper cylinder 25 , and the transmission sleeve 20 is fixed on the transmission shaft 16 to move along the axial direction of the cylinder with the transmission shaft 16 .

[0041] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, an upper limit sleeve 24 and a lower limit sleeve 19 are provided on the upper cylinder 25 , and a mounting groove is formed between the two limit sleeves. A brake block 22 is installed in the mounting groove. The brake block 22 is arranged outside the upper cylinder 25 , and two brake blocks 22 are arranged along the circumference of the upper cylinder 25 .

[0042] In this embodiment, the bottom of the installation groove is provided with an avoidance hole 26, a first compression spring positioning groove 27 and a limiting groove 28; each brake block 22 corresponds to one avoidance hole 26, and the avoidance hole 26 is located in the middle position of the installation groove in the axial direction of the upper cylinder 25; each brake block 22 corresponds to two first compression spring positioning grooves 27, and the two first compression spring positioning grooves 27 are located on both sides of the avoidance hole 26 in the axial direction of the upper cylinder 25; each brake block 22 corresponds to two limiting grooves 28, and the two limiting grooves 28 are located on both sides of the avoidance hole 26 in the axial direction of the upper cylinder 25. Among them, the first compression spring positioning groove 27 is between the avoidance hole 26 and the corresponding limiting groove 28.

[0043] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the brake block 22 is provided with limiting protrusions 32 at both ends of the upper cylinder 25 in the axial direction. After the limiting protrusions 32 are inserted into the limiting grooves 28, the upper limiting sleeve 24 and the lower limiting sleeve 19 cooperate to make the brake block 22 float and be assembled on the upper cylinder 25.

[0044] In this embodiment, a second compression spring positioning groove 31 is provided on the inner side surface of the brake block 22, and two second compression spring positioning grooves 31 are provided, and the second compression spring positioning grooves 31 are arranged one-to-one with the first compression spring positioning grooves 27; a compression spring 23 is provided between the brake block 22 and the upper cylinder 25, and the compression spring 23 is used to apply an elastic force to the brake block 22 to make it move away from the upper cylinder 25; one end of the compression spring 23 is installed in the first compression spring positioning groove 27, and the other end of the compression spring 23 is installed in the second compression spring positioning groove 31, so as to ensure the stability of the compression spring 23 during the expansion and contraction process. Among them, the compression spring 23 constitutes a reset elastic member.

[0045] In this embodiment, a braking protrusion 30 is provided on the outer side of the braking block 22, and both side surfaces of the braking protrusion 30 in the axial direction of the upper cylinder 25 are inclined surfaces, so that after the braking block 22 hits an obstacle, the braking block 22 is easy to retract, and the drainage and gas production plunger is prevented from getting stuck when running in the well. Among them, the inclined surface is a straight inclined surface for easy processing. In other embodiments, the inclined surface can be an arc inclined surface.

[0046] In this embodiment, a transmission hook 21 is fixedly disposed on the inner side of the brake block 22, the transmission hook 21 is located between the two second compression spring positioning grooves 31, and a hook head 29 is disposed at one end of the transmission hook 21 away from the brake block 22. The hook head 29 is a conical structure.

[0047] like Figure 1and Figure 6 As shown, the transmission sleeve 20 has a center hole, which includes a large hole section 36, a tapered hole section 35 and a small hole section 34. The tapered hole section 35 is connected between the large hole section 36 and the small hole section 34. A guide groove 37 is provided on the hole wall of the center hole. The guide groove 37 connects the inside and outside of the transmission sleeve 20, and the guide groove 37 extends along the axial direction of the transmission sleeve 20.

[0048] In this embodiment, a hook hole 38 is provided at the upper end of the guide groove 37, and the hook hole 38 is for the hook 29 to pass through, so as to enter the central hole of the transmission sleeve 20 along the radial direction of the transmission sleeve 20, and the hook 29 is hooked on the groove edge of the guide groove 37. The hook hole 38 is a round hole. In other embodiments, the hook hole can be set at the lower end of the guide groove.

[0049] In this embodiment, the transmission sleeve 20 includes a connection seat 33, which is located below the small hole section 34. The transmission sleeve 20 is fixed to the transmission shaft 16 through the connection seat 33. This design facilitates the processing of the center hole. The transmission shaft 16 passes through the center hole (not shown in the figure), and the upper end of the transmission shaft 16 is used to open and close the flow channel valve.

[0050] In this embodiment, the transmission sleeve 20 is a cylindrical structure, which is designed so that the hole wall at the small hole section 34 is thicker to ensure the overall strength of the transmission sleeve 20.

[0051] During the upward and downward operation, when the sensor detects that the current operating speed exceeds the set value, the drive motor 11 is controlled to rotate forward through the signal, and the screw nut mechanism 14 drives the transmission sleeve 20 to move axially downward. Under the action of the compression spring 23, the transmission hook 21 moves radially outward along the cylinder, and the hook head 29 is arranged corresponding to the inner wall of the large hole section 36. At this time, Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the brake block 22 can be opened to the maximum, so that the brake protrusion 30 and the oil pipe 15 produce friction and the brake protrusion 30 and the coupling gap 18 produce hooking, so as to achieve braking, thereby reducing the running speed of the robot, wherein the hooking of the brake protrusion 30 and the coupling gap 18 is the main braking force; when the sensor detects that the current running speed is lower than the set value, the drive motor 11 is reversed through signal control, the screw nut mechanism 14 drives the transmission sleeve 20 to move axially upward, and the conical surface of the tapered hole section 35 is pushed and matched with the hook head 29 to overcome the elastic force of the compression spring 23, thereby driving the transmission hook 21 to move radially inward along the cylinder body. At this time, the hook head 29 is arranged corresponding to the inner wall of the small hole section 34 and hooked on the inner wall of the transmission sleeve 20, so that the brake block 22 is contracted to the minimum to avoid friction with the oil pipe 15, and the running speed is increased under the action of the bottom hole pressure.

[0052] like Figure 2As shown, for low-yield gas wells, when the sensor detects that the lifting pressure is insufficient, the drive motor 11 is controlled to rotate forward through a signal, and the brake block 22 is rebounded to the maximum, so that the brake protrusion 30 of the brake block 22 is stuck in the coupling gap 18 to achieve energy storage; when the sensor detects that the lifting pressure reaches the set value, the drive motor 11 is controlled to reverse through a signal, so that the brake block 22 shrinks to the minimum, so that the drainage and gas production plunger continues to move upward and avoids falling to the bottom of the well.

[0053] The drainage and gas production plunger braking system of the present invention can adjust the radial movement of the brake block in real time according to the current operating state and well conditions, control the operating speed of the plunger, effectively avoid excessive impact force when the plunger reaches the limit position, prevent the plunger from being damaged, and increase the service life of the plunger. At the same time, it protects the bottom of the well and the wellhead equipment, greatly reducing the safety production accidents caused by high-speed impact.

[0054] Embodiment 2 of the drainage and air collection plunger brake system of the present invention:

[0055] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in embodiment 1, a hook head through hole 38 is provided at the upper end of the guide groove 37, the hook head 29 enters the central hole of the transmission sleeve 20 along the radial direction of the transmission sleeve 20, and the hook head 29 is hooked on the groove edge of the guide groove 37. In this embodiment, a V-shaped opening is provided at the upper end of the guide groove, the V-shaped opening faces upward, the hook head enters the central hole of the transmission sleeve along the axial direction of the transmission sleeve, and the hook head is hooked on the groove edge of the guide groove.

[0056] Embodiment 3 of the water drainage and air collection plunger brake system of the present invention:

[0057] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in embodiment 1, the hook head through hole 38 is a round hole. In this embodiment, the hook head through hole is a square hole or an elliptical hole, as long as it can meet the requirements of the hook head passing through.

[0058] Embodiment 4 of the water drainage and air collection plunger brake system of the present invention:

[0059] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in embodiment 1, the transmission sleeve 20 includes a connecting seat 33, and the connecting seat 33 is located on the side of the small hole section 34 facing away from the tapered hole section 35 in the axial direction of the transmission sleeve 20, and the transmission sleeve 20 is fixed to the transmission shaft 16 through the connecting seat 33. In this embodiment, based on the setting of the connecting seat, the connecting seat is located on the side of the large hole section facing away from the tapered hole section in the axial direction of the transmission sleeve, and at this time, the connecting seat can be set above or below the large hole section.

[0060] Embodiment 5 of the water drainage and air collection plunger brake system of the present invention:

[0061] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in embodiment 1, the upper cylinder 25 is provided with a first compression spring positioning groove 27, the brake block 22 is provided with a second compression spring positioning groove 31, and the two ends of the compression spring 23 are respectively installed in the two compression spring positioning grooves. In this embodiment, the upper cylinder is provided with a first compression spring positioning protrusion, the brake block is provided with a second compression spring positioning protrusion, and the two ends of the compression spring are respectively sleeved outside the two compression spring positioning protrusions.

[0062] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. The patent protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the claims. All equivalent structural changes made using the contents of the description and drawings of the present invention should also be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Drainage and air collection plunger brake system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a cylinder, wherein a driving device and a transmission sleeve (20) are arranged in the cylinder, wherein the driving device comprises a driving motor (11), a screw nut mechanism (14) and a transmission shaft (16), wherein the driving motor (11) is connected to the transmission shaft (16) through the screw nut mechanism (14) to drive the transmission shaft (16) to move axially along the cylinder; the transmission sleeve (20) is fixed on the transmission shaft (16) to move axially along the cylinder with the transmission shaft (16), wherein the transmission sleeve (20) has a central hole, wherein the central hole comprises a large hole section (36), a small hole section (34) and a tapered hole section (35), wherein the tapered hole section (35) is connected between the large hole section (36) and the small hole section (34), and a hole wall of the central hole is provided with a hole connecting the inside and outside of the transmission sleeve (20). A guide groove (37) is formed on the cylinder body, the guide groove (37) extending in the axial direction of the transmission sleeve (20); a brake block (22) is provided on the outside of the cylinder body, at least two brake blocks (22) are arranged in the circumferential direction of the cylinder body, a brake convex portion (30) is provided on the outer surface of the brake block (22), and both side surfaces of the brake convex portion (30) in the axial direction of the cylinder body are inclined surfaces; a transmission hook (21) is provided on the brake block (22), the transmission hook (21) has a hook head (29), the hook head (29) is located in the central hole of the transmission sleeve (20) and is hooked on the groove edge of the guide groove (37); a reset elastic member is provided between the cylinder body and the corresponding brake block (22), and the reset elastic member is used to apply an elastic force to the brake block (22) to make it move away from the cylinder body.

2. The water drainage and air collection plunger brake system according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one end of the guide groove (37) is provided with a hook head through hole (38), and the hook head through hole (38) allows the hook head (29) to pass through to enter the central hole of the transmission sleeve (20).

3. The drainage and air collection plunger brake system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hook head through hole (38) is a round hole.

4. The drainage and air collection plunger brake system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The transmission sleeve (20) comprises a connecting seat (33), which is located on a side of the small hole section (34) facing away from the tapered hole section (35) in the axial direction of the transmission sleeve (20), and the transmission sleeve (20) is fixed to the transmission shaft (16) via the connecting seat (33).

5. The drainage and air collection plunger brake system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The transmission sleeve (20) is a cylindrical structure.

6. The water drainage and air collection plunger brake system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The resetting elastic member is a compression spring (23).

7. The water drainage and air collection plunger brake system according to claim 6, characterized in that: A compression spring positioning groove is provided on the cylinder and / or the corresponding brake block (22), and the end of the compression spring (23) is installed in the compression spring positioning groove.

8. The water drainage and air collection plunger brake system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The inclined surface is a straight inclined surface.

9. The water drainage and air collection plunger brake system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The hook head (29) is a conical structure.

10. The water drainage and air collection plunger brake system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: At least two resetting elastic members are provided between the cylinder and the corresponding brake block (22).

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