A classification and layering fertilization mechanism and fertilization machine

Abstract

The present invention discloses a classified layered fertilization mechanism, which includes an inner fertilizer pipe and an outer fertilizer pipe which are concentrically sleeved, and also includes a fertilizer box and a fertilizer discharge mechanism; the lower end of the inner fertilizer pipe is a first fertilizer outlet, and a first fertilizer outlet channel is formed inside; the lower side of the outer fertilizer pipe has a second fertilizer outlet, and a second fertilizer outlet channel is formed inside, and a first spiral member is provided in the second fertilizer outlet channel; the second fertilizer outlet is higher than the first fertilizer outlet; the fertilizer box is divided into two parts by a partition, namely a first fertilizer box and a second fertilizer box; the fertilizer discharge mechanism includes a fertilizer discharge wheel, and an outer notch and an inner notch are formed on the fertilizer discharge wheel. The present invention ingeniously arranges the fertilizer discharge mechanism and the fertilizer box structure, so that the same fertilizer discharge wheel can discharge the fertilizers in the two fertilizer boxes into the first fertilizer outlet channel and the second fertilizer outlet channel respectively at the same time, thereby realizing the synchronous layered application of slow-release fertilizer and quick-acting fertilizer, having a compact structure, not requiring a fertilizer guide hose, reducing the length of the fertilizer discharge channel, and effectively reducing the probability of blockage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a classification and layering fertilization mechanism and a fertilizer spreader. Background Art

[0002] Fertilizers can provide the nutrients needed for crop growth and are one of the main means to increase crop yields. Currently, fertilizers can be divided into quick-acting fertilizers and slow-release fertilizers. Quick-acting fertilizers can provide the required nutrients for crops in a short time, while slow-release fertilizers can extend the effective period for crops to absorb and utilize their effective nutrients, so that their nutrients are released slowly or controlled according to the set release rate and release period, which can improve the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers, reduce the amount used and the number of fertilizations, reduce production costs, reduce environmental pollution, and improve the quality of crop products. In practice, applying quick-acting fertilizers and slow-release fertilizers in layers at one time can greatly improve the utilization rate of fertilizers and reduce labor costs.

[0003] In the prior art, the applicant's prior application CN111670660A provides a vertical quantitative layered fertilization mechanism, which can achieve layered fertilization using inner and outer sleeves. However, when the mechanism is applied to a fertilizer spreader, the inner and outer sleeves are connected to the same fertilizer supply channel, and it can only fertilize one type of fertilizer in layers, and cannot achieve simultaneous fertilization of slow-release fertilizers and quick-acting fertilizers; the prior application CN114868500A3 also has this problem. In the prior art, in order to provide two types of fertilizers at the same time, it is generally necessary to set up two sets of fertilizer discharge mechanisms, and the two sets of fertilizer discharge mechanisms respectively provide fertilizers to the two fertilizer discharge channels in the patent CN111670660A. This method often requires the fertilizer to be introduced into the corresponding fertilizer discharge channel through a hose, which is complex and bloated in structure, resulting in a large size and heavy weight of the fertilizer dispensing machine, and due to the long fertilizer discharge channel, the probability of blockage increases. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a compact classified and layered fertilization mechanism and a fertilizer applicator that can simultaneously apply two types of fertilizers in layers.

[0005] Technical solution: To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the classified and layered fertilization mechanism of the present invention comprises an inner fertilizer pipe and an outer fertilizer pipe which are concentrically sleeved, and also comprises a fertilizer box and a fertilizer discharge mechanism, wherein the outer fertilizer pipe is fixedly installed relative to the fertilizer box; the lower end of the inner fertilizer pipe is a first fertilizer outlet, and a first fertilizer outlet channel is formed inside; the lower side of the outer fertilizer pipe has a second fertilizer outlet, and a second fertilizer outlet channel is formed inside, and a first spiral member is provided in the second fertilizer outlet channel; the second fertilizer outlet is higher than the first fertilizer outlet; the fertilizer box is divided into two parts by a partition, namely a first fertilizer box and a second fertilizer box, and the two fertilizer boxes supply fertilizer to the first fertilizer outlet channel and the second fertilizer outlet channel respectively;

[0006] The fertilizer discharging mechanism comprises an annular fertilizer discharging wheel, which is symmetrically mounted relative to the partition plate and has a rotation axis arranged vertically, a part of the fertilizer discharging wheel is placed in the first fertilizer box, and the other part is placed in the second fertilizer box;

[0007] The fertilizer wheel is formed with an outer notch and an inner notch; the outer notch extends from the side wall of the fertilizer wheel to the bottom surface of the fertilizer wheel, and the outer notch penetrates the bottom surface of the fertilizer wheel but does not penetrate the top surface of the fertilizer wheel; the inner notch extends from the top surface of the fertilizer wheel to the middle hole of the fertilizer wheel, and the inner notch does not penetrate the bottom surface of the fertilizer wheel;

[0008] The first fertilizer box has an arc plate arranged around the side wall of the fertilizer discharge wheel, and the two sides of the arc plate are fixed on the partition; the bottom of the first fertilizer box has a release hole connected to the second fertilizer outlet channel; the arc plate is only arranged around the part of the fertilizer discharge wheel located in the first fertilizer box, and the arc plate can prevent the fertilizer in the first fertilizer box from entering the outer gap.

[0009] The second fertilizer box has a cover plate covering the top of the fertilizer discharge wheel, and the cover plate prevents the fertilizer in the second fertilizer box from entering the inner notch; and a stop shaft fixed relative to the fertilizer box is installed in the middle hole, and the stop shaft has a release groove arranged away from the second fertilizer box; the release groove is connected to the first fertilizer outlet channel.

[0010] With the above structure, when the fertilizer discharge wheel is running, the outer notch can obtain the fertilizer in the second fertilizer box. As the fertilizer discharge wheel rotates, the outer notch carries the fertilizer into the arc plate. When the outer notch reaches the release hole, the fertilizer carried by the outer notch enters the second fertilizer outlet channel through the release hole. At the same time, the inner notch obtains fertilizer from the first fertilizer box. As the fertilizer discharge wheel rotates, the inner notch turns to the bottom of the cover plate. The cover plate scrapes the upper part of the inner notch flat. After the inner notch is connected to the release groove, the fertilizer in it enters the first fertilizer outlet channel through the release groove.

[0011] It can be seen that the fertilizer discharge operation in two fertilizer boxes can be completed simultaneously through the same fertilizer discharge wheel. The structure is simple. The fertilizer discharge wheel is located directly above the inner fertilizer pipe and the outer fertilizer pipe and the three are concentrically arranged. The fertilizer discharged by the fertilizer discharge wheel directly enters the inner and outer fertilizer discharge channels. There is no need to set up additional pipes connecting the fertilizer discharge mechanism and the fertilizer discharge channel. The overall structural compactness is greatly improved, and since the fertilizer discharge path becomes shorter, the probability of blockage is also greatly reduced.

[0012] Furthermore, the fertilizer discharge wheel is formed with a plurality of outer notches and inner notches arranged in a circular array.

[0013] Furthermore, a transmission tube is fixed in the middle of the partition, and a motor mounting plate is fixed on the top of the transmission tube; a motor is mounted on the motor mounting plate, and the motor is connected to the fertilizer discharge wheel via a transmission shaft placed in the transmission tube. With this structure, the motor is reasonably installed in the middle of the upper end of the fertilizer box, which does not occupy additional space outside the fertilizer box, and the transmission structure is streamlined.

[0014] Furthermore, the first spiral member is fixedly installed relative to the inner fertilizer pipe, and the inner fertilizer pipe is rotatably installed relative to the outer fertilizer pipe; the transmission shaft establishes a transmission connection with the inner fertilizer pipe through a second spiral member, and the second spiral member is placed in the release groove.

[0015] Furthermore, the second spiral member includes a central axis portion and a spiral portion; the upper end of the central axis portion is fixed relative to the transmission shaft, and the lower end of the central axis portion is connected to the inner fertilizer tube through a hollow bracket.

[0016] With the above structure, the second spiral member plays the role of transmitting power on the one hand, so that the inner fertilizer pipe can rotate with the transmission shaft, and on the other hand, the spiral part of the second spiral member can assist in fertilizer discharge to prevent blockage in the release groove. The rotation of the inner fertilizer pipe can drive the rotation of the first spiral member, so that the fertilizer in the second fertilizer outlet channel can be discharged under the driving action of the first spiral member, so that the fertilizer can be discharged in time.

[0017] Furthermore, the inner notch extends along an inclined path, so that the bottom of the inner notch is an inclined surface.

[0018] Furthermore, the fertilizer box is cylindrical, and its lower end is conical.

[0019] A fertilizer spreading machine comprises the above-mentioned classification and stratification fertilization mechanism.

[0020] Beneficial effects: The classified and layered fertilization mechanism and fertilizer applicator of the present invention, through the ingenious layout of the fertilizer discharge mechanism and the fertilizer box structure, enable the same fertilizer discharge wheel to simultaneously discharge the fertilizers in the two fertilizer boxes into the first fertilizer outlet channel and the second fertilizer outlet channel respectively, thereby realizing the synchronous and layered application of slow-release fertilizer and quick-acting fertilizer. The structure is compact, no fertilizer guide hose is required, the length of the fertilizer discharge channel is reduced, and the probability of blockage is effectively reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is the outline drawing of the classified and layered fertilization mechanism;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the classified and layered fertilization mechanism;

[0023] Figure 3 This is the structural diagram of the fertilizer wheel;

[0024] Figure 4It is a cross-sectional view of the fertilizer wheel;

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 2 AA section view in;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the fertilizer discharging mechanism and its adjacent components;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the hollow bracket;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of the fertilizer discharge mechanism in the preferred embodiment.

[0029] In the figure: 1-inner fertilizer pipe; a1-first fertilizer outlet; a2-first fertilizer outlet; 2-outer fertilizer pipe; b1-second fertilizer outlet; b2-second fertilizer outlet; 3-fertilizer box; 31-partition; 32-first fertilizer box; 32a-release hole; 33-second fertilizer box; 34-transmission pipe; 35-motor mounting plate; 4-fertilizer discharge mechanism; 41-fertilizer discharge wheel; 41a-outer notch; 41b-inner notch; 41c-middle hole; 42-arc plate; 43-cover plate; 44-blocking shaft; 44a-release groove; 5-motor; 6-transmission shaft; 7-first spiral member; 8-second spiral member; 81-middle axis; 82-spiral portion; 83-hollow bracket; 91-first air outlet; 92-second air outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0031] like Figure 1-2 The classified and layered fertilization mechanism shown includes an inner fertilizer pipe 1 and an outer fertilizer pipe 2 which are concentrically sleeved, a fertilizer box 3 and a fertilizer discharge mechanism 4. The outer fertilizer pipe 2 is fixedly installed relative to the fertilizer box 3. The fertilizer box 3 is cylindrical, and its lower end is conical.

[0032] The lower end of the inner fertilizer pipe 1 is a first fertilizer outlet a2, and a first fertilizer outlet channel a1 is formed inside; the lower side of the outer fertilizer pipe 2 has a second fertilizer outlet b2, and a second fertilizer outlet channel b1 is formed inside, and a first spiral member 7 is provided in the second fertilizer outlet channel b1; the second fertilizer outlet b2 is higher than the first fertilizer outlet a2; the fertilizer box 3 is divided into two parts by a partition 31, namely a first fertilizer box 32 and a second fertilizer box 33, and the two fertilizer boxes supply fertilizer to the first fertilizer outlet channel a1 and the second fertilizer outlet channel b1 respectively. Specifically, the first fertilizer box 32 is used to accommodate slow-release fertilizer, which is discharged through the first fertilizer outlet channel a1; the second fertilizer box 33 is used to accommodate quick-acting fertilizer, which is discharged through the second fertilizer outlet channel b1.

[0033] The fertilizer discharge mechanism 4 includes an annular fertilizer discharge wheel 41, which is symmetrically installed relative to the partition 31 and has its rotation axis vertically arranged. A part of the fertilizer discharge wheel 41 is placed in the first fertilizer box 32, and the other part is placed in the second fertilizer box 33.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, the fertilizer wheel 41 is formed with an outer notch 41a and an inner notch 41b; the outer notch 41a extends from the side wall of the fertilizer wheel 41 to the bottom surface of the fertilizer wheel 41, and the outer notch 41a penetrates the bottom surface of the fertilizer wheel 41 but does not penetrate the top surface of the fertilizer wheel 41; the inner notch 41b extends from the top surface of the fertilizer wheel 41 to the middle hole 41c of the fertilizer wheel 41, and the inner notch 41b does not penetrate the bottom surface of the fertilizer wheel 41. Preferably, the fertilizer wheel 41 is formed with a plurality of outer notches 41a and inner notches 41b arranged in a circular array. The inner notch 41b extends along an inclined path, such as Figure 4 As shown, the bottom of the inner notch 41b is an inclined surface, so that the fertilizer in the inner notch 41b can be easily discharged.

[0035] like Figure 5-6 As shown, the first fertilizer box 32 has an arc plate 42 arranged around the side wall of the fertilizer discharge wheel 41, and the two sides of the arc plate 42 are fixed on the partition 31; the bottom of the first fertilizer box 32 has a release hole 32a connected to the second fertilizer outlet channel b1; the arc plate 42 is only arranged around the part of the fertilizer discharge wheel 41 located in the first fertilizer box 32, and the arc plate 42 can prevent the fertilizer in the first fertilizer box 32 from entering the outer notch 41a.

[0036] like Figure 6 As shown, the second fertilizer box 33 has a cover plate 43 covering the top of the fertilizer discharge wheel 41, and the cover plate 43 prevents the fertilizer in the second fertilizer box 33 from entering the inner notch 41b; and a stop shaft 44 fixed relative to the fertilizer box 3 is installed in the middle hole 41c, and the stop shaft 44 has a release groove 44a set away from the second fertilizer box 33; the release groove 44a is connected to the first fertilizer outlet channel a1.

[0037] With the above structure, when the fertilizer wheel 41 is running, the outer notch 41a can obtain the fertilizer in the second fertilizer box 33. As the fertilizer wheel 41 rotates, the outer notch 41a carries the fertilizer into the arc plate 42. When the outer notch 41a reaches the release hole 32a, the fertilizer carried by the outer notch 41a enters the second fertilizer outlet channel b1 through the release hole 32a. At the same time, the inner notch 41b obtains fertilizer from the first fertilizer box 32. As the fertilizer wheel 41 rotates, the inner notch 41b turns to the bottom of the cover plate 43. The cover plate 43 scrapes the upper part of the inner notch 41b flat. After the inner notch 41b is connected to the release groove 44a, the fertilizer in it enters the first fertilizer outlet channel a1 through the release groove 44a.

[0038] It can be seen that the fertilizer discharge operation in two fertilizer boxes can be completed simultaneously through the same fertilizer discharge wheel 41, the structure is simple, the fertilizer discharge wheel 41 is located directly above the inner fertilizer pipe 1 and the outer fertilizer pipe 2, and the three are concentrically arranged. The fertilizer discharged by the fertilizer discharge wheel 41 directly enters the inner and outer fertilizer discharge channels, and there is no need to set up additional pipes connecting the fertilizer discharge mechanism and the fertilizer discharge channels. The overall structural compactness is greatly improved, and since the fertilizer discharge path becomes shorter, the probability of blockage is also greatly reduced.

[0039] Preferably, if Figure 1-2 As shown, a transmission tube 34 is fixed in the middle of the partition 31, and a motor mounting plate 35 is fixed on the top of the transmission tube 34; a motor 5 is mounted on the motor mounting plate 35, and the motor 5 is connected to the fertilizer discharge wheel 41 through a transmission shaft 6 placed in the transmission tube 34. With this structure, the installation position of the motor 5 is reasonable, and it is placed in the middle of the upper end of the fertilizer box 3, which does not occupy additional space outside the fertilizer box 3, and the transmission structure is streamlined.

[0040] Preferably, the first spiral member 7 is fixedly installed relative to the inner fertilizer tube 1, and the inner fertilizer tube 1 is rotatably installed relative to the outer fertilizer tube 2; the transmission shaft 6 establishes a transmission connection with the inner fertilizer tube 1 through the second spiral member 8, and the second spiral member 8 is placed in the release groove 44a.

[0041] Preferably, if Figure 6 As shown, the second spiral member 8 includes a central axis portion 81 and a spiral portion 82; the upper end of the central axis portion 81 is fixed relative to the transmission shaft 6, and the lower end of the central axis portion 81 is connected to the inner fertilizer tube 1 through a hollow bracket 83. The structure of the hollow bracket 83 is shown in FIG. Figure 7 shown.

[0042] With the above structure, the second spiral member 8 plays the role of transmitting power on the one hand, so that the inner fertilizer pipe 1 can rotate with the transmission shaft 6, and on the other hand, the spiral portion 82 of the second spiral member 8 can assist in fertilizer discharge to prevent blockage in the release groove 44a. The rotation of the inner fertilizer pipe 1 can drive the first spiral member 7 to rotate, so that the fertilizer in the second fertilizer outlet channel b1 can be discharged under the driving action of the first spiral member 7, so that the fertilizer can be discharged in time.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, Figure 8As shown, the arc plate 42 is connected to a first air port 91, and the cover plate 43 is connected to a second air port 92, and both the first air port 91 and the second air port 92 are connected to an air source. When the outer notch 41a moves to the first air port 91, the airflow can assist the fertilizer in the outer notch 41a to enter the second fertilizer outlet channel b1, and the airflow can also penetrate the second fertilizer outlet channel b1, promote the fertilizer to be discharged from the second fertilizer outlet b2, and prevent soil from entering the second fertilizer outlet b2; when the inner notch 41b moves to the second air port 92, the airflow can assist the fertilizer in the inner notch 41b to enter the first fertilizer outlet channel a1, and the airflow can also penetrate the first fertilizer outlet channel a1, promote the fertilizer to be discharged from the first fertilizer outlet channel a1, and prevent soil from entering the first fertilizer outlet a2.

[0044] By adopting this layered and classified fertilization mechanism, the classified and layered application of quick-acting fertilizer and slow-release fertilizer can be realized, which can meet the fertilizer demand of crops throughout the growing season and improve the effective utilization rate of fertilizer.

[0045] The present invention also discloses a fertilizer spreading machine, which includes the above-mentioned classification and layered fertilization mechanism, and also includes a mobile frame, a traction machine, etc. The structure thereof can refer to the prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0046] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A classified and layered fertilization mechanism, comprising an inner fertilizer pipe (1) and an outer fertilizer pipe (2) which are concentrically sleeved, and further comprising a fertilizer box (3) and a fertilizer discharge mechanism (4); the lower end of the inner fertilizer pipe (1) is a first fertilizer outlet (a2), and a first fertilizer outlet channel (a1) is formed inside; the lower side of the outer fertilizer pipe (2) is provided with a second fertilizer outlet (b2), and a second fertilizer outlet channel (b1) is formed inside, and a first spiral member (7) is provided inside the second fertilizer outlet channel (b1); the second fertilizer outlet (b2) is higher than the first fertilizer outlet (a2); the fertilizer box (3) is divided into two parts by a partition (31), namely a first fertilizer box (32) and a second fertilizer box (33); the characteristics are: The fertilizer discharge mechanism (4) comprises an annular fertilizer discharge wheel (41), the fertilizer discharge wheel (41) being symmetrically mounted relative to the partition plate (31) and having a rotation axis arranged vertically; An outer notch (41a) and an inner notch (41b) are formed on the fertilizer discharge wheel (41); the outer notch (41a) extends from the side wall of the fertilizer discharge wheel (41) to the bottom surface of the fertilizer discharge wheel (41); and the inner notch (41b) extends from the top surface of the fertilizer discharge wheel (41) to the middle hole (41c) of the fertilizer discharge wheel (41); The first fertilizer box (32) has an arc plate (42) arranged around the side wall of the fertilizer discharge wheel (41), and two sides of the arc plate (42) are fixed on the partition (31); the bottom of the first fertilizer box (32) has a release hole (32a) connected to the second fertilizer outlet channel (b1); The second fertilizer box (33) has a cover plate (43) covering the top of the fertilizer discharge wheel (41); and a stop shaft (44) fixed relative to the fertilizer box (3) is installed in the middle hole (41c); the stop shaft (44) has a release groove (44a) arranged away from the second fertilizer box (33); the release groove (44a) is connected to the first fertilizer outlet channel (a1); When the fertilizer discharge wheel (41) is in operation, the outer notch (41a) can obtain fertilizer from the second fertilizer box (33). As the fertilizer discharge wheel (41) rotates, the outer notch (41a) carries the fertilizer into the arc plate (42). When the outer notch (41a) reaches the release hole (32a), the fertilizer carried by the outer notch (41a) enters the second fertilizer outlet channel (b1) through the release hole (32a). At the same time, the inner notch (41b) obtains fertilizer from the first fertilizer box (32). As the fertilizer discharge wheel (41) rotates, the inner notch (41b) moves to the bottom of the cover plate (43). The cover plate (43) scrapes the upper part of the inner notch (41b) flat. After the inner notch (41b) is connected to the release groove (44a), the fertilizer in the inner notch enters the first fertilizer outlet channel (a1) through the release groove (44a).

2. The classified and layered fertilization mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fertilizer discharge wheel (41) is formed with a plurality of outer notches (41a) and inner notches (41b) arranged in a circumferential array.

3. The classified and layered fertilization mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A transmission tube (34) is fixed in the middle of the partition (31), and a motor mounting plate (35) is fixed on the top of the transmission tube (34); a motor (5) is mounted on the motor mounting plate (35), and the motor (5) is connected to the fertilizer discharge wheel (41) via a transmission shaft (6) disposed in the transmission tube (34).

4. The classified and layered fertilization mechanism according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The first spiral member (7) is fixedly mounted relative to the inner fertilizer pipe (1), and the inner fertilizer pipe (1) is rotatably mounted relative to the outer fertilizer pipe (2); the transmission shaft (6) is connected to the inner fertilizer pipe (1) via a second spiral member (8), and the second spiral member (8) is disposed in the release groove (44a).

5. The classified and layered fertilization mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second spiral member (8) comprises a central axis portion (81) and a spiral portion (82); the upper end of the central axis portion (81) is fixed relative to the transmission shaft (6), and the lower end of the central axis portion (81) is connected to the inner fertilizer pipe (1) via a hollow bracket (83).

6. The classified and layered fertilization mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner notch (41b) extends along an inclined path, so that the bottom of the inner notch (41b) is an inclined surface.

7. The classified and layered fertilization mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizer box (3) is cylindrical, and its lower end is conical.

8. A fertilizer spreading machine, characterized in that: It comprises the classification and stratification fertilization mechanism described in any one of claims 1-7.

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