Corn flake feed and production method of corn flake feed

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of ruminant feed, and in particular to a corn flake feed and a method for producing the corn flake feed. The invention solves the problem that feeding corn flakes to ruminants easily causes reduced rumination and rumen food accumulation and bloating by adding a grass fiber binder to the corn flake product. At the same time, the production process is improved by combining the characteristics of the grass fiber binder, thereby greatly reducing the energy consumption and water consumption in the corn flake production process.

Description

Technical field:

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ruminant feed, and in particular to a corn flake feed and a production method of the corn flake feed. Background technology:

[0002] Corn flaking is one of the commonly used feed technologies for livestock feeding. It can mature corn starch to make it soluble, greatly improving the digestion and absorption rate of livestock.

[0003] At present, the corn flaking processing technology is mostly a steam-ripening and pressing process. During the process, the dry corn kernel raw materials need to be crushed and watered first, and then adjusted to a high moisture content (20% to 30% by mass) for sufficient moistening and gelatinization. After that, steam drying is adjusted to a low moisture content (10% by mass) and then hot roller pressing is performed. During this period, heating and evaporation of water accounting for about 20% of the mass of the material is required. This process consumes a lot of energy and water. Although part of the energy and water can be recycled through heat recovery cycle design and water recovery cycle design, it still constitutes the main process cost of the corn flaking process. If this part of energy and water consumption can be reduced, the cost of corn flaking feed can be greatly reduced, promoting the promotion of this advanced technology.

[0004] At the same time, the current related production is all about pressing simple corn raw materials. When feeding ruminants, due to the lack of wood fiber in corn raw materials, the stimulation to the reticulum is low. Using it alone as feed can easily lead to problems such as reduced rumination, rumen food accumulation and bloating in cattle and sheep and other livestock. It usually needs to be mixed with fibrous feeds such as silage. However, the two feeds are easy to stratify due to differences in physical properties, resulting in uncontrollable feed intake ratios for individual livestock, and the above-mentioned problem of reduced rumination cannot be completely solved. Summary of the invention:

[0005] In view of this, it is necessary to provide a new corn flake feed and a production method thereof to solve the above problems.

[0006] The utility model relates to a corn flake feed, which is composed of a gelatinized pressed product of cooked corn kernels, a grass fiber binder and an additive.

[0007] The cooked corn kernel gelatinized pressed material is made from dry corn kernels, and the processing process is as follows: 1. Screening out debris such as gravel and metal; 2. Adding 20% ​​to 30% water by mass to the crushed dry corn kernels, stirring evenly and letting it stand; 3. Heating and maintaining at 90 to 110 degrees Celsius for 40 to 55 minutes, during which part of the water is filtered out to reduce the water content of the material to 12% to 15% by mass; 4. Pressing the material and further squeezing out the water therein to form a thin sheet with a thickness of less than 3 mm and a water content of less than 8% by mass, and the temperature of the pressing process is controlled at 60 to 75 degrees Celsius; 5. Rolling and cutting into the required size and letting it stand to air-dry and cool to form the cooked corn kernel gelatinized pressed material.

[0008] The grass fiber adhesive accounts for 3% to 7% by mass in the corn flake feed product, and its processing process is as follows: 1. Silage grass is used as the raw material, and after removing debris such as gravel and metal, the moisture content is adjusted to 10% by mass; 2. The raw material is processed in one direction by a roller to break it into needle-shaped materials with a length of 5 to 15 mm and a diameter of 0.3 to 0.5 mm; 3. The needle-shaped materials are evenly spread on the material plate and spread flat, with a thickness of 0.8 to 1.1 mm, and a liquid slurry containing corn starch at a mass ratio of 4% to 6% is added and allowed to settle for 30 minutes at 40 to 50 degrees Celsius, so that the needle-shaped materials are bonded into a network by the precipitated corn starch, that is, the grass fiber adhesive is formed; 5. The network material is bonded to the above-mentioned mature corn kernel gelatinized pressed material to form the addition of the grass fiber adhesive to the corn flake feed.

[0009] The additives in the corn flake feed product shall not exceed 20% by mass, including baking soda, corn cob powder, and functional additives.

[0010] The feed product contains 3% to 7% by mass of silage fiber, which is compressed and formed together with corn flakes in a net shape, completely avoiding the stratification problem of silage and corn flakes during use, so that the intake ratio of individual livestock is uniform. After being ingested into the rumen, the silage fiber is mixed with saliva and gastric digestive juice to moisten and soften, forming a stimulus to the reticulum, thereby promoting the rumination action of the livestock.

[0011] Preferably, the additive accounts for 18% by mass in the corn flake feed product, including 0.5% baking soda, 15% to 16% corn cob powder, and 1.5% to 2.5% functional additives. Baking soda is mainly used in the product to adjust the pH value of silage to prevent the acid produced by silage during anaerobic fermentation from adversely affecting the corn flake product; corn cob powder is used in this design to reduce the cost of ruminant feed. Although corn cobs contain a lot of sugar, most animals do not eat unprocessed corn cobs. The usual processing technology for corn cobs is to grind them into corn cob powder, which is mixed into conventional feed as an additive after being moistened. However, due to the eating habits of ruminants, corn cob powder commonly used in pig feed is not very palatable for ruminants. In this design, corn cob powder is mixed into corn flakes and is not fed in a paste state, which is more suitable for the eating habits of ruminants. At the same time, the cost of feed raw materials is greatly reduced.

[0012] Furthermore, the functional additive is a mixture of one or more of trace element supplements, drugs, salts, vitamins, and antimicrobial agents.

[0013] A method for producing corn flake feed, wherein the raw materials include dried corn kernels, silage and additives, comprises the following steps:

[0014] 1) Processing of dried corn kernels: 1-1. Screening out debris such as gravel and metal, 1-2. Crush into powder with a diameter of 0.5-1.3 mm, adding 20%-30% water by mass, stirring evenly and standing at room temperature, 1-3. Steam heating to 90-110 degrees Celsius for 40-55 minutes to completely gelatinize the material, during which part of the water is discharged by sieve plates to reduce the water content of the material to 12%-15% by mass, 1-4. Press the material with a roller press at 60-75 degrees Celsius and further squeeze out the water therein to form a thin sheet with a thickness of less than 3 mm and a water content of less than 8% by mass, 1-5. Roll cut into the required size and stand for air drying and cooling.

[0015] 2) Processing of silage: 2-1. Screen out debris such as gravel and metal, 2-2. Adjust the moisture content to 10% by mass by airing or watering, 2-3. Use a roller to crush the material in one direction to break it into needle-shaped materials with a length of 5 to 15 mm and a diameter of 0.3 to 0.5 mm, 2-4. Spread the needle-shaped materials evenly on the material board and flatten them with a thickness of 0.8 to 1.1 mm, add a liquid slurry containing corn starch at a mass ratio of 4% to 6% and let it stand and settle at 40 to 50 degrees Celsius for 30 minutes, so that the needle-shaped materials are bonded into a mesh by the precipitated corn starch, 2-5. The mesh material is used as a sieve plate to combine with the corn kernel material in the above steps 1-3.

[0016] 3) Part of the water discharged by the sieve plate method in the above steps 1-3 and part of the water discharged by squeezing in the above steps 1-4 are evaporated or precipitated or treated with water, and the corn starch content is adjusted to 4% to 6% by mass, and then used as liquid slurry in the above steps 2-4.

[0017] 4) The additive is added to the corn flake feed in the above steps 1-2, 2-4 or 1-5, and the mass ratio of the additive in the corn flake feed product is not more than 20%.

[0018] In the above production process, steps 1-3 and 1-4 remove excess water by filtering through a straw fiber net, replacing the original steam drying method, thereby greatly reducing energy consumption. At the same time, the filtered slurry containing corn starch is precipitated in step 2-4 and reused for bonding the straw fiber net. The clear liquid after precipitation can be directly recovered and reused in step 1-2 or 2-2. Compared with the original steam water recovery method, the recovery rate is greatly improved, and the water-saving effect is significant.

[0019] Additives account for 18% of the corn flake feed product by mass, of which baking soda accounts for 0.5%. This ratio is a general empirical value. For silage with large differences in storage environment and storage time, corresponding adjustments should be made. Needle-shaped materials are added in steps 2-4 to adjust the pH value of the silage to prevent the acid produced during the anaerobic fermentation of the silage from adversely affecting the corn flake product. Corn cob powder accounts for 15% to 16%. Since corn cob powder can remain stable at the pressing process temperature, powder is added in steps 1-2. Functional additives account for 1.5% to 2.5%, of which components that can remain stable at the process temperature are added together with corn cob powder in steps 1-2, and components that will deteriorate or volatilize at the process temperature are added in the cooling and air-drying process in steps 1-5 and adhere to the product surface.

[0020] The functional additives are a mixture of one or more of trace element supplements, drugs, salts, vitamins, and antimicrobial agents, wherein salts, antimicrobial agents, and non-volatile trace element supplements are added in steps 1-2, and volatile trace element supplements, drugs, and vitamins are added in steps 1-5.

[0021] The present invention provides a corn flake feed and a method for producing the corn flake feed. By adding a grass fiber binder to the corn flake product, the problem that feeding corn flakes to ruminants easily causes reduced rumination and rumen food accumulation and bloating is solved. At the same time, the production process is improved based on the characteristics of the grass fiber binder, and the energy consumption and water consumption in the corn flake production process are greatly reduced. Specific implementation method:

[0022] The utility model relates to a corn flake feed, which is composed of a gelatinized pressed product of cooked corn kernels, a grass fiber binder and an additive.

[0023] The cooked corn kernel gelatinized pressed material is made from dry corn kernels, and the processing process is as follows: 1. Screening out debris such as gravel and metal; 2. Adding 20% ​​to 30% water by mass to the crushed dry corn kernels, stirring evenly and letting it stand; 3. Heating and maintaining at 90 to 110 degrees Celsius for 40 to 55 minutes, during which part of the water is filtered out to reduce the water content of the material to 12% to 15% by mass; 4. Pressing the material and further squeezing out the water therein to form a thin sheet with a thickness of less than 3 mm and a water content of less than 8% by mass, and the temperature of the pressing process is controlled at 60 to 75 degrees Celsius; 5. Rolling and cutting into the required size and letting it stand to air-dry and cool to form the cooked corn kernel gelatinized pressed material.

[0024] The grass fiber adhesive accounts for 3% to 7% by mass in the corn flake feed product, and its processing process is as follows: 1. Silage grass is used as the raw material, and after removing debris such as gravel and metal, the moisture content is adjusted to 10% by mass; 2. The raw material is processed in one direction by a roller to break it into needle-shaped materials with a length of 5 to 15 mm and a diameter of 0.3 to 0.5 mm; 3. The needle-shaped materials are evenly spread on the material plate and spread flat, with a thickness of 0.8 to 1.1 mm, and a liquid slurry containing corn starch at a mass ratio of 4% to 6% is added and allowed to settle for 30 minutes at 40 to 50 degrees Celsius, so that the needle-shaped materials are bonded into a network by the precipitated corn starch, that is, the grass fiber adhesive is formed; 5. The network material is bonded to the above-mentioned mature corn kernel gelatinized pressed material to form the addition of the grass fiber adhesive to the corn flake feed.

[0025] The additives in the corn flake feed product shall not exceed 20% by mass, including baking soda, corn cob powder, and functional additives.

[0026] The additives account for 18% of the corn flake feed product by mass, including 0.5% baking soda, 15% to 16% corn cob powder, and 1.5% to 2.5% functional additives. Baking soda is mainly used in the product to adjust the pH value of silage to prevent the acid produced by silage during anaerobic fermentation from adversely affecting the corn flake product; corn cob powder is used in this design to reduce the cost of ruminant feed. Although corn cobs contain a lot of sugar, most animals do not eat unprocessed corn cobs. The usual processing technology for corn cobs is to grind them into corn cob powder, which is moistened and mixed into conventional feed as an additive. However, due to the eating habits of ruminants, corn cob powder commonly used in pig feed is not very palatable for ruminants. In this design, corn cob powder is mixed into corn flakes and is not fed in a paste state, which is more suitable for the eating habits of ruminants. At the same time, the cost of feed raw materials is greatly reduced; functional additives are a mixture of one or more of trace element supplements, drugs, salts, vitamins, and antimicrobial agents.

[0027] The feed product contains 3% to 7% by mass of silage fiber, which is compressed and formed together with corn flakes in a net shape, completely avoiding the stratification problem of silage and corn flakes during use, so that the intake ratio of individual livestock is uniform. After being ingested into the rumen, the silage fiber is mixed with saliva and gastric digestive juice to moisten and soften, forming a stimulus to the reticulum, thereby promoting the rumination action of the livestock.

[0028] A method for producing corn flake feed, used for producing the above-mentioned corn feed, the raw materials include dried corn kernels, silage and additives, comprising the following steps:

[0029] 1) Processing of dried corn kernels: 1-1. Screening out debris such as gravel and metal, 1-2. Crush into powder with a diameter of 0.5-1.3 mm, adding 20%-30% water by mass, stirring evenly and standing at room temperature, 1-3. Steam heating to 90-110 degrees Celsius for 40-55 minutes to completely gelatinize the material, during which part of the water is discharged by sieve plates to reduce the water content of the material to 12%-15% by mass, 1-4. Press the material with a roller press at 60-75 degrees Celsius and further squeeze out the water therein to form a thin sheet with a thickness of less than 3 mm and a water content of less than 8% by mass, 1-5. Roll cut into the required size and stand for air drying and cooling.

[0030] 2) Processing of silage: 2-1. Screen out debris such as gravel and metal, 2-2. Adjust the moisture content to 10% by mass by airing or watering, 2-3. Use a roller to crush the material in one direction to break it into needle-shaped materials with a length of 5 to 15 mm and a diameter of 0.3 to 0.5 mm, 2-4. Spread the needle-shaped materials evenly on the material board and flatten them with a thickness of 0.8 to 1.1 mm, add a liquid slurry containing corn starch at a mass ratio of 4% to 6% and let it stand and settle at 40 to 50 degrees Celsius for 30 minutes, so that the needle-shaped materials are bonded into a mesh by the precipitated corn starch, 2-5. The mesh material is used as a sieve plate to combine with the corn kernel material in the above steps 1-3.

[0031] 3) Part of the water discharged by the sieve plate method in the above steps 1-3 and part of the water discharged by squeezing in the above steps 1-4 are evaporated or precipitated or treated with water, and the corn starch content is adjusted to 4% to 6% by mass, and then used as liquid slurry in the above steps 2-4.

[0032] 4) The additive is added to the corn flake feed in the above steps 1-2, 2-4 or 1-5, and the mass ratio of the additive in the corn flake feed product is not more than 20%.

[0033] In the above production process, steps 1-3 and 1-4 remove excess water by filtering through a straw fiber net, replacing the original steam drying method, thereby greatly reducing energy consumption. At the same time, the filtered slurry containing corn starch is precipitated in step 2-4 and reused for bonding the straw fiber net. The clear liquid after precipitation can be directly recovered and reused in step 1-2 or 2-2. Compared with the original steam water recovery method, the recovery rate is greatly improved, and the water-saving effect is significant.

[0034] Additives account for 18% of the corn flake feed product by mass, of which baking soda accounts for 0.5%. This ratio is a general empirical value. For silage with large differences in storage environment and storage time, corresponding adjustments should be made. Needle-shaped materials are added in steps 2-4 to adjust the pH value of the silage to prevent the acid produced during the anaerobic fermentation of the silage from adversely affecting the corn flake product. Corn cob powder accounts for 15% to 16%. Since corn cob powder can remain stable at the pressing process temperature, powder is added in steps 1-2. Functional additives account for 1.5% to 2.5%, of which components that can remain stable at the process temperature are added together with corn cob powder in steps 1-2, and components that will deteriorate or volatilize at the process temperature are added in the cooling and air-drying process in steps 1-5 and adhere to the product surface.

[0035] The order of adding the above functional additives is exemplified: it comprises a mixture of one or more of trace element supplements, drugs, salts, vitamins, and antimicrobial agents, wherein salts, antimicrobial agents, and non-volatile trace element supplements are added in steps 1-2, and volatile trace element supplements such as potassium iodate, drugs, and vitamins are added in steps 1-5.

Claims

1. A corn flake feed, characterized in that: It is composed of cooked corn kernel gelatinized pressed material, grass fiber binder and additives; The cooked corn kernel gelatinized pressed material is made from dried corn kernels, and the processing process is as follows:

1. Screening out debris including crushed stones and metals; 2. Adding 20% ​​to 30% water by mass to the dried corn kernels after crushing them, stirring them evenly and letting them stand; 3. Heating and maintaining them at 90 to 110 degrees Celsius for 40 to 55 minutes, during which part of the water is filtered out to reduce the water content of the material to 12% to 15% by mass; 4. Pressing the material and further squeezing out the water therein to form a sheet with a thickness of less than 3 mm and a water content of less than 8% by mass, and the temperature of the pressing process is controlled at 60 to 75 degrees Celsius; 5. Rolling and cutting into the required size and letting them stand to air dry and cool to form the cooked corn kernel gelatinized pressed material; The grass fiber adhesive accounts for 3% to 7% by mass in corn flake feed products. The processing process is as follows:

1. Silage grass is used as the raw material, and after removing debris including gravel and metal, the moisture content is adjusted to 10% by mass; 2. The raw material is processed in one direction using a roller to crush it into 5 to 15 mm long, 3. Spread the needle-shaped material evenly on the material board and lay it flat, with a thickness of 0.8 to 1.1 mm, add a liquid slurry containing 4% to 6% corn starch by mass and let it settle for 30 minutes at 40 to 50 degrees Celsius, so that the needle-shaped material is bonded into a network by the precipitated corn starch, that is, a grass fiber adhesive is formed; 5. The network material is bonded to the above-mentioned cooked corn kernel gelatinized pressed material to form a grass fiber adhesive for the addition of corn flake feed; The additives in the corn flake feed product shall not exceed 20% by mass, including baking soda, corn cob powder, and functional additives.

2. A corn flake feed as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The additive accounts for 18% by mass in the corn flake feed product, including 0.5% of baking soda, 15% to 16% of corn cob powder and 1.5% to 2.5% of functional additives.

3. A corn flake feed as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The functional additive is a mixture of one or more of trace element supplements, medicines, salts, vitamins, and antimicrobial agents.

4. A method for producing corn flake feed, characterized in that: The raw materials include dried corn kernels, silage and additives, and the following steps are involved: 1) Processing of dried corn kernels: 1-1. Screen out debris including gravel and metal, 1-2. Crush into powder with a diameter of 0.5-1.3 mm, add 20%-30% water by mass, stir evenly and let stand at room temperature, 1-3. Steam heat to 90-110 degrees Celsius for 40-55 minutes to make the material completely gelatinized, during which part of the water is discharged by sieve plate to reduce the water content of the material to 12%-15% by mass, 1-4. Use roller pressing equipment to press the material at 60-75 degrees Celsius and further squeeze out the water therein to form a thin sheet with a thickness of less than 3 mm and a water content of less than 8% by mass, 1-5. Roll cut into the required size and let stand to air dry and cool; 2) Processing of silage: 2-1. Screen out debris including gravel and metal, 2-2. Adjust the moisture content to 10% by mass by airing or watering, 2-3. Use rollers to crush the material in one direction to form needle-shaped materials with a length of 5 to 15 mm and a diameter of 0.3 to 0.5 mm, 2-4. Spread the needle-shaped materials evenly on the material board and lay them flat with a thickness of 0.8 to 1.1 mm, add liquid slurry containing corn starch at a mass ratio of 4% to 6% and let it stand for 30 minutes at 40 to 50 degrees Celsius, so that the needle-shaped materials are bonded into a mesh by the precipitated corn starch, 2-5. The mesh material is used as a sieve plate for combining with the corn kernel material in the above steps 1-3; 3) evaporating or precipitating or adding water to part of the water discharged by the sieve plate method in steps 1-3 and part of the water discharged by squeezing in steps 1-4, adjusting the corn starch content to 4% to 6% by mass, and using it as a liquid slurry in steps 2-4; 4) The additive is added to the corn flake feed in the above steps 1-2, 2-4 or 1-5, and the mass ratio of the additive in the corn flake feed product is not more than 20%.

5. The method for producing corn flake feed according to claim 4, characterized in that: The additives account for 18% of the corn flake feed product by mass, of which 0.5% of baking soda is added in the needle-shaped material in steps 2-4, 15%-16% of corn cob powder is added in the powder in steps 1-2, and 1.5%-2.5% of functional additives are added in steps 1-2 or 1-5.

6. The method for producing corn flake feed according to claim 5, characterized in that: The functional additive is a mixture of one or more of trace element supplements, medicines, salts, vitamins, and antimicrobial agents.