Tunnel section measurement device and tunnel section measurement method based on plane reflection

Abstract

The present invention relates to a tunnel section measurement device and a tunnel section measurement method based on plane reflection, and belongs to the field of tunnel engineering technology. The device of the present invention comprises a laser ranging unit, a support unit and a plane reflection unit; the laser ranging unit is used for data collection and recording; the plane reflection unit is used for reflecting the laser emitted by the laser transceiver unit to the measurement plane, and reflecting the tunnel surrounding rock echo back to the laser transceiver unit. The method of the present invention converts the propagation distance according to the time difference between the laser emission and the reception of the reflected echo and the laser propagation speed, and the actual excavation parameters can be obtained after subtracting the distance from the laser ranging system to the plane reflection system; after changing the reflection angle of the plane reflection system, the above operation is repeated to realize multi-point measurement, and finally the tunnel excavation section profile is obtained. It can achieve that the direction of the measuring laser and the measuring section are in the same plane, effectively improving the measurement accuracy of the front section.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a tunnel section measuring device and a tunnel section measuring method based on plane reflection, belonging to the technical field of tunnel engineering. Background Art

[0002] During tunnel construction, in order to obtain tunnel over-excavation and under-excavation data, ensure that the geometric dimensions of the tunnel excavation section meet the design requirements, and ensure the safety of tunnel construction, the excavation section must be measured. However, when measuring the front section, the existing tunnel laser section acquisition device is not in the same plane as the measured section, and the inclined measurement method is often used. Because there is a deviation between the actual tunnel excavation contour and the designed contour, the inclined measurement method cannot ensure that all measurement points are always in the same plane, and the measurement accuracy is poor, which often leads to construction personnel misjudgment of tunnel over-excavation and under-excavation data. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a tunnel section measurement device and a tunnel section measurement method based on plane reflection, which can achieve that the direction of the measuring laser and the measuring section are in the same plane, and effectively improve the measurement accuracy of the front section.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A tunnel section measuring device based on plane reflection, comprising a laser ranging unit, a supporting unit and a plane reflection unit;

[0006] A support unit, used for improving support and providing a horizontal displacement platform for the plane reflection unit;

[0007] A laser ranging unit, located above the support unit, is used for data collection and recording;

[0008] The plane reflection unit can move closer to or farther from the laser ranging unit, and is used to reflect the laser emitted by the laser transceiver unit to the measurement plane, and reflect the tunnel surrounding rock echo back to the laser transceiver unit.

[0009] The preferred solution of the tunnel section measurement device based on plane reflection is that the laser ranging unit includes a laser transceiver unit, a controller and a power supply, and the three are connected by wires; the laser transceiver unit is used to emit laser and receive echo; the controller is used to control various functions of the laser transceiver unit and the plane reflection unit, and record the data of the laser transceiver unit; the power supply is used to provide power to the laser transceiver unit, the controller and the plane reflection unit.

[0010] The preferred solution of the tunnel section measuring device based on plane reflection is that the supporting unit includes a tripod, a horizontal track and a level. The tripod is located at the bottom of the entire tunnel section measuring device, and the upper part is directly connected to the laser ranging unit; the tripod is rigidly connected to the horizontal track; the level is used to indicate the horizontality of the horizontal track and the laser ranging unit.

[0011] The preferred solution of the tunnel section measuring device based on plane reflection is that the plane reflection unit includes a base, a platform, a mirror, a horizontal displacement component, a mirror angle adjustment component and a platform rotation component; the base is set on a horizontal track through a ball bearing; the base can move back and forth along the horizontal track through the horizontal displacement component; the platform is located above the base and can rotate through the platform rotation component; the mirror can tilt relative to the platform through the mirror angle adjustment component.

[0012] The preferred solution of the tunnel section measuring device based on plane reflection is that the horizontal displacement component includes a mobile motor, a gear and a horizontal track tooth. The output end of the mobile motor is provided with a gear, the track tooth is arranged along the length direction of the horizontal track, and the gear and the track tooth are meshed with each other.

[0013] The preferred solution of the tunnel section measuring device based on plane reflection is that the platform rotating assembly includes a horizontal rotating motor, a motor gear, a rotating gear and a plane bearing, the horizontal rotating motor is arranged on the base, the rotating gear is arranged at the output end of the horizontal rotating motor, and the rotating gear is connected to the base through the plane bearing; the platform is arranged on the rotating gear, the mirror is arranged above the platform, and the mirror can be tilted relative to the platform through the mirror angle adjustment assembly.

[0014] In the preferred embodiment of the tunnel section measuring device based on plane reflection, the mirror angle adjustment assembly is a plurality of hydraulic rods arranged on a platform, the upper parts of the hydraulic rods are connected to brackets, and the mirror is tiltedly arranged on the brackets.

[0015] A tunnel section measurement method, using a tunnel section measurement device based on plane reflection, comprises the following steps:

[0016] 1) Place the tunnel section measurement device based on plane reflection in the tunnel surrounding rock to be measured, adjust the tripod to keep the leveler horizontal, and keep the horizontal track perpendicular to the measurement section;

[0017] 2) Turn on the power, set the measurement section position through the controller, and move the plane reflection unit horizontally along the extension direction of the horizontal track to the measurement section;

[0018] 3) The sampling point spacing is set by the controller, and the platform rotation component rotates the mirror to the direction of the initial measurement point; the controller controls the mirror angle adjustment component to control the mirror 310 to the tilt angle of the initial measurement point;

[0019] 4) The laser rangefinder emits laser light, which is reflected by the plane reflection unit and then emitted to the surface of the tunnel surrounding rock. After reaching the tunnel surrounding rock, a reflection echo is generated. The reflection echo is reflected by the plane reflection unit and then emitted back to the laser rangefinder. The controller converts the propagation distance according to the time difference between the laser rangefinder emitting laser light and receiving the reflected echo and the laser propagation speed, and obtains the actual opening parameters after subtracting the distance from the laser rangefinder unit to the plane reflection unit and records them.

[0020] 5) The controller controls the platform rotation component to rotate the mirror to the direction of the next measurement point; the controller controls the mirror angle adjustment component to control the mirror at the tilt angle of the next measurement point;

[0021] 6) Repeat the above steps until the data collection of the entire tunnel section is completed.

[0022] In the preferred embodiment of the tunnel section measurement method, the conversion formula in step 4) is as follows:

[0023]

[0024] Where: ——The distance from the plane reflection unit to the tunnel surrounding rock, in meters;

[0025] ——The time difference between the laser emission and the reception of the reflected echo of the laser ranging unit, in seconds;

[0026] ——The speed of laser light in air 3 10 8 , the unit is m / s;

[0027] ——The distance from the laser ranging unit to the plane reflection unit, in meters.

[0028] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0029] The plane reflection unit reflects the laser emitted by the laser transceiver unit to the measuring plane, and reflects the tunnel surrounding rock echo back to the laser transceiver unit. The horizontal displacement component, mirror angle adjustment component and platform rotation component can respectively realize the horizontal movement of the plane reflection unit along the extension direction of the horizontal track. The horizontal direction of the mirror and the mirror tilt angle can realize that the measurement laser direction and the measurement section are in the same plane, effectively improving the measurement accuracy of the front section. It is suitable for the field of tunnel engineering technology, meets the needs of in-situ separation, collection and storage of multi-aquifer multiphase fluids, and has the advantages of high integration and easy operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a tunnel section measurement device based on plane reflection provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a planar reflection unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the use of a tunnel section measurement device based on plane reflection provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] 1 is the laser ranging unit, 2 is the support unit, 3 is the plane reflection unit, 4 is the laser, 5 is the echo, and 6 is the tunnel surrounding rock;

[0035] 11 is a laser transceiver unit, 12 is a controller, and 13 is a power supply;

[0036] 21 is a tripod, 22 is a horizontal track, and 23 is a level;

[0037] 31 is a base, 32 is a ball bearing, 33 is a progressive motor, 34 is a gear, 35 is a plane bearing, 36 is a horizontal rotation motor, 37 is a platform, 38 is a hydraulic rod, 39 is a bracket, and 310 is a mirror;

[0038] 211 is a track tooth. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The technical solution provided by the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent with reference to the following description.

[0040] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention have better practicability and are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. The technical features or combinations of technical features described in the embodiments of the present invention should not be considered isolated, and they can be combined with each other to achieve better technical effects. The scope of the preferred embodiments of the present invention may also include other implementations, and this should be understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention.

[0041] Techniques, methods, and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limiting. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0042] The drawings of the present invention are in very simplified form and in non-precise proportions, which are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Any structural modification, change in proportional relationship, or adjustment of size should fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention. The same reference numerals appearing in the drawings of the present invention represent the same features or components, which can be applied to different embodiments.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, a tunnel section measurement device based on plane reflection is characterized in that it includes a laser ranging unit 1, a support unit 2 and a plane reflection unit 3; the support unit 2 is used to improve support and provide a horizontal displacement platform for the plane reflection unit 3; the laser ranging unit 1 is located above the support unit and is used for data collection and recording; the plane reflection unit 3 can approach or move away from the laser ranging unit, and is used to reflect the laser 4 emitted by the laser transceiver unit 11 to the measuring plane, and reflect the echo 5 of the tunnel surrounding rock 6 back to the laser transceiver unit 11.

[0044] In this embodiment, the laser ranging unit 1 includes a laser transceiver unit 11, a controller 12 and a power supply 13, which are connected by a wire 14; the laser transceiver unit 11 is an LDM-100 laser rangefinder, which is used to emit laser 4 and receive echo 5; the controller 12 is matched with the LDM-100 laser rangefinder, model D-Series 500700, and is used to control various functions of the laser transceiver unit 11 and the plane reflection unit 3, and record the data of the laser transceiver unit 11; the power supply 13 is used to provide power to the laser transceiver unit 11, the controller 12 and the plane reflection unit 3.

[0045] In this embodiment, the support unit 2 includes a tripod 21, a horizontal track 22 and a level 23. The tripod 21 is located at the bottom of the entire tunnel section measuring device, and the upper part is directly connected to the laser ranging unit 1; the tripod 21 is rigidly connected to the horizontal track 22; the level 23 is used to indicate the horizontality of the horizontal track 22 and the laser ranging unit 1.

[0046] like Figure 2As shown, the plane reflection unit 3 includes a base 31, a platform 37, a mirror 310, a horizontal displacement assembly, a mirror angle adjustment assembly and a platform rotation assembly; the base 31 is arranged on the horizontal track 22 through a ball bearing 32; the base 31 can move back and forth along the horizontal track through the horizontal displacement assembly; the platform 37 is located above the base 31 and can rotate through the platform rotation assembly; the mirror 310 can tilt relative to the platform 37 through the mirror angle adjustment assembly; the horizontal displacement assembly includes a mobile motor 33, a gear 331 and a horizontal track tooth 221, the gear 331 is arranged at the output end of the mobile motor 33, the track tooth 221 is arranged along the length direction of the horizontal track 22, and the gear 331 and the track tooth 221 are meshed with each other; the platform rotation assembly includes a horizontal rotation motor 36, a motor gear, a rotating gear 34 and a plane bearing 35, the horizontal rotation motor 36 is arranged on the base 31, the rotating gear 34 is arranged at the output end of the horizontal rotation motor 36, and the rotating gear 34 is connected to the base 31 through the plane bearing 35; the platform 37 is arranged on the rotating gear 34, and the mirror 310 It is arranged above the platform, and the mirror 310 can be tilted relative to the platform through a mirror angle adjustment component; the mirror angle adjustment component is a plurality of hydraulic rods 38 arranged on the platform 37, the upper part of the hydraulic rods 38 is connected to the bracket 39, and the mirror 310 is tiltedly arranged on the bracket 39.

[0047] A tunnel section measurement method, using a tunnel section measurement device based on plane reflection, comprises the following steps:

[0048] 1) Place the tunnel section measuring device based on plane reflection in the tunnel surrounding rock 6 to be measured, adjust the tripod 21 to keep the level 23 in a horizontal state, and keep the horizontal track 22 perpendicular to the measuring section;

[0049] 2) Turn on the power supply 13, set the measurement section position through the controller 12, and the controller 12 automatically controls the moving motor 33 to rotate forward, reverse or switch to a stationary mode according to the built-in program, and the plane reflection unit 3 moves horizontally along the extension direction of the horizontal track 22 to the measurement section;

[0050] 3) The sampling point spacing is set by the controller 12. The controller 12 automatically controls the horizontal rotating motor 36 to rotate forward, reverse or switch to a stationary mode according to the built-in program, and the platform rotating component rotates the mirror 310 to the direction of the initial measurement point; the controller 12 controls the hydraulic rod 38 of the mirror angle adjustment component to extend, retract or switch to a stationary mode according to the built-in program, and controls the mirror 310 to be tilted at the initial measurement point;

[0051] 4) The laser ranging unit 1 emits laser 4 which is reflected by the plane reflection unit 3 and then emitted to the surface of the tunnel surrounding rock 6. After reaching the tunnel surrounding rock 6, a reflected echo 5 is generated. The reflected echo 5 is reflected by the plane reflection unit 3 and then emitted back to the laser ranging unit. The controller 12 converts the propagation distance according to the time difference between the laser ranging unit emitting the laser 4 and receiving the reflected echo 5 and the propagation speed of the laser 4, and obtains the actual opening parameters after subtracting the distance from the laser ranging unit to the plane reflection unit and records them. The conversion formula is as follows:

[0052]

[0053] Where: ——the distance from the plane reflection unit (3) to the tunnel surrounding rock (6), in meters;

[0054] ——The time difference between the emission of the laser (4) by the laser ranging unit (1) and the reception of the reflected echo (5), in seconds;

[0055] ——The propagation speed of laser light 4 in air 3 10 8 , the unit is m / s;

[0056] ——The distance from the laser ranging unit 1 to the plane reflection unit 3, in meters. ;

[0057] 5) The controller 12 controls the horizontal rotating motor 36 to rotate forward, reverse or switch to a stationary mode automatically according to the built-in program, and the platform rotating assembly rotates the mirror 310 to the direction of the next measuring point; the controller 12 controls the hydraulic rod 38 of the mirror angle adjustment assembly to extend, retract or switch to a stationary mode according to the built-in program, and controls the mirror 310 to be at the tilt angle of the next measuring point;

[0058] 6) Repeat the above steps until the data collection of the entire tunnel section is completed.

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel section measurement device based on plane reflection, characterized in that: It comprises a laser distance measuring unit (1), a supporting unit (2) and a plane reflection unit (3); A support unit (2) for improving support and providing a horizontal displacement platform for the plane reflection unit (3); A laser distance measuring unit (1), located above the support unit, is used for data collection and recording; A plane reflection unit (3) is capable of moving closer to or farther from the laser distance measuring unit, and is used to reflect the laser light (4) emitted by the laser transceiver unit (11) to the measurement plane, and to reflect the echo (5) of the tunnel surrounding rock (6) back to the laser transceiver unit (11); The support unit (2) comprises a tripod (21), a horizontal track (22) and a level (23); the tripod (21) is located at the bottom of the entire tunnel section measuring device, and the upper part is directly connected to the laser distance measuring unit (1); the tripod (21) is rigidly connected to the horizontal track (22); the level (23) is used to indicate the horizontality of the horizontal track (22) and the laser distance measuring unit (1); The plane reflection unit (3) comprises a base (31), a platform (37), a mirror (310), a horizontal displacement assembly, a mirror angle adjustment assembly and a platform rotation assembly; the base (31) is arranged on a horizontal track (22) via a ball bearing (32); the base (31) can move back and forth along the horizontal track via the horizontal displacement assembly; the platform (37) is located above the base (31) and can rotate via the platform rotation assembly; the mirror (310) can tilt relative to the platform (37) via the mirror angle adjustment assembly; The horizontal displacement assembly comprises a moving motor (33), a gear (331) and a horizontal track tooth (221); the gear (331) is arranged at the output end of the moving motor (33); the track tooth (221) is arranged along the length direction of the horizontal track (22); the gear (331) and the track tooth (221) are meshed with each other; The platform rotating assembly comprises a horizontal rotating motor (36), a motor gear, a rotating gear (34) and a plane bearing (35); the horizontal rotating motor (36) is arranged on the base (31); the rotating gear (34) is arranged at the output end of the horizontal rotating motor (36); and the rotating gear (34) is connected to the base (31) through the plane bearing (35); the platform (37) is arranged on the rotating gear (34); the mirror (310) is arranged above the platform; and the mirror (310) can be tilted relative to the platform by the mirror angle adjustment assembly; The mirror surface angle adjustment assembly is a plurality of hydraulic rods (38) arranged on a platform (37), the upper part of the hydraulic rods (38) is connected to a bracket (39), and the mirror surface (310) is tiltedly arranged on the bracket (39).

2. The tunnel section measurement device based on plane reflection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser distance measuring unit (1) comprises a laser transceiver unit (11), a controller (12) and a power supply (13), which are connected by a wire (14); the laser transceiver unit (11) is used to emit laser light (4) and receive echoes (5); the controller (12) is used to control various functions of the laser transceiver unit (11) and the plane reflection unit (3), and record data of the laser transceiver unit (11); the power supply (13) is used to provide power to the laser transceiver unit (11), the controller (12) and the plane reflection unit (3).

3. A tunnel section measurement method, characterized in that: The tunnel section measuring device based on plane reflection according to claim 1 or 2 comprises the following steps: 1) placing a tunnel section measuring device based on plane reflection in the tunnel surrounding rock (6) to be measured, adjusting the tripod (21) so that the level (23) remains horizontal, and keeping the horizontal track (22) perpendicular to the measuring section; 2) Turning on the power supply (13), setting the measurement section position through the controller (12), and moving the plane reflection unit (3) horizontally along the extension direction of the horizontal track (22) to the measurement section; 3) The sampling point spacing is set by the controller (12), and the platform rotation component rotates the mirror (310) to the direction of the initial measurement point; the controller (12) controls the mirror angle adjustment component to control the mirror 310 to the tilt angle of the initial measurement point; 4) The laser distance measuring unit (1) emits a laser (4) which is reflected by the plane reflection unit (3) and then emitted to the surface of the tunnel surrounding rock (6). After reaching the tunnel surrounding rock (6), a reflection echo (5) is generated. The reflection echo (5) is reflected by the plane reflection unit (3) and then emitted back to the laser distance measuring unit. The controller (12) converts the propagation distance according to the time difference between the laser distance measuring unit emitting the laser (4) and receiving the reflection echo (5) and the propagation speed of the laser (4), and obtains the actual opening parameters after subtracting the distance from the laser distance measuring unit to the plane reflection unit and records them. 5) The controller (12) controls the platform rotation component to rotate the mirror surface (310) to the direction of the next measurement point; the controller (12) controls the mirror surface angle adjustment component to control the mirror surface (310) to the tilt angle of the next measurement point; 6) Repeat the above steps until the data collection of the entire tunnel section is completed.

4. The tunnel section measurement method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The conversion formula in step 4) is as follows: Where: ——the distance from the plane reflection unit (3) to the tunnel surrounding rock (6), in meters; ——The time difference between the emission of the laser (4) by the laser ranging unit (1) and the reception of the reflected echo (5), in seconds; ——The propagation speed of laser light (4) in air 3 10 8 , the unit is m / s; ——The distance from the laser ranging unit (1) to the plane reflection unit (3), in meters.

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