Self-relieving shield segment structure

Abstract

The application provides a self-pressure-relief shield segment structure and belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering. The self-pressure-relief shield segment structure solves the problem that the existing shield segment waterproof design cannot realize self-pressure relief. The self-pressure-relief shield segment structure comprises a plurality of axially butted segment rings, has a ring gap between two adjacent segment rings, and is provided with a first annular sealing gasket and a second annular sealing gasket in the ring gap. The first annular sealing gasket is arranged close to the outer ring surface of the segment ring, the second annular sealing gasket is arranged close to the inner ring surface of the segment ring, the water pressure resistance of the first annular sealing gasket is smaller than that of the second annular sealing gasket. When the water pressure outside the segment ring exceeds the water pressure resistance of the first annular sealing gasket, the first annular sealing gasket is broken, water enters the ring gap, the water is guided to all parts of the segment ring through the ring gap, the water pressure outside the segment ring is reduced, and the purpose of automatically controlling the water pressure is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel engineering technology and relates to a self-relieving shield tunnel segment structure. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, shield tunnels in Chinese cities have been plagued by water leakage. Waterproofing of shield tunnels, as a structural safety feature, is crucial for their normal operation. Currently, the waterproofing design of shield tunnel segments generally employs single-ring elastic sealing gaskets or double-layer elastic sealing gaskets with equal compressive strength.

[0003] Single-ring elastic gaskets (such as those in patent document CN 111101983 B) require complete isolation of groundwater from the tunnel lining segments. If leakage occurs, water will directly enter the tunnel through the leak, and the shield structure's waterproofing capability is essentially lost. When using double-layer gaskets (such as those in patent document CN212337311U), if the outer layer leaks, groundwater can enter any accessible gap through the segments and into the bolt holes, directly connecting with the tunnel interior. The inner gasket only slows down the entry of groundwater, and the shield structure's waterproofing capability is also essentially lost if the outer gasket fails. Furthermore, the two elastic gaskets have equal compressive strength, preventing active pressure control and allowing the structure to withstand full pressure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems in existing technologies by proposing a self-relieving shield tunnel segment structure capable of controlling water pressure.

[0005] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The self-relieving shield tunnel segment structure includes several axially connected segment rings, with an annular gap between two adjacent segment rings. A first annular sealing gasket and a second annular sealing gasket are provided in the annular gap. The first annular sealing gasket is located near the outer annular surface of the segment ring, and the second annular sealing gasket is located near the inner annular surface of the segment ring. The water pressure resistance of the first annular sealing gasket is less than that of the second annular sealing gasket.

[0007] The water pressure resistance of an annular gasket refers to its ability to resist water puncture. The stronger the water pressure resistance of the annular gasket, the higher the design parameter value for water puncture resistance. For example, if the design parameter value for water puncture resistance of an annular gasket is 0.5 MPa, the annular gasket will only be punctured when the water pressure exceeds 0.5 MPa.

[0008] When the water pressure outside the segment ring exceeds the water pressure resistance of the first annular gasket, the first annular gasket is punctured, and water enters the ring gap. The water is then guided to various parts of the segment ring through the ring gap, which can reduce the external water pressure of the segment ring and achieve the purpose of automatic water pressure control.

[0009] In the aforementioned self-relief shield tunnel segment structure, two adjacent segment rings are connected by bolts. A sealing washer is fitted onto the bolt within the ring gap. The thickness of the sealing washer is greater than the width of the ring gap, and its water pressure resistance is greater than that of the first annular sealing gasket. The sealing washer prevents water corrosion of the bolts, and its water pressure resistance is greater than or equal to that of the second annular sealing gasket.

[0010] In the aforementioned self-relief shield tunnel segment structure, the end face of the segment ring is provided with bolt holes located between the first annular sealing gasket and the second annular sealing gasket. The bolts are inserted into the corresponding bolt holes. The outer diameter of the sealing gasket is larger than the diameter of the bolt hole. The bolt hole is protected by the first annular sealing gasket. Water will only come into contact with the sealing gasket after it has penetrated the first annular sealing gasket, thus improving the service life of the sealing gasket.

[0011] In the aforementioned self-relief shield tunnel segment structure, a circumferential water guide channel is provided within the annular joint, located between the first and second annular sealing gaskets. When the water pressure outside the segment ring exceeds the water pressure resistance of the first annular sealing gasket, the first annular sealing gasket is punctured, and water enters the annular joint. The circumferential water guide channel then directs the water to various parts of the segment ring, achieving the purpose of automatic water pressure control.

[0012] In the above-mentioned self-relief shield tunnel segment structure, the distance from the circumferential water guide channel to the first sealing gasket is less than the distance from the circumferential water guide channel to the second sealing gasket.

[0013] When the water pressure outside the segment ring exceeds the water pressure resistance of the first annular gasket, the first annular gasket is punctured, and water enters the ring gap. Because the distance to the annular guide channel is small, water can quickly enter the annular guide channel, achieving the purpose of rapid pressure reduction.

[0014] In the above-mentioned self-relief shield tunnel segment structure, the segment ring is provided with an axially extending water guide pipe and a radially extending water drain pipe. One end of the water guide pipe is connected to the circumferential water guide groove, and the other end extends into the inside of the segment ring. One end of the water drain pipe extends out from the inner ring surface of the segment ring, and the other end is set opposite to the water guide pipe. A reserved drilling section is provided between the other end of the water guide pipe and the other end of the water drain pipe.

[0015] When water needs to be discharged, the reserved drilling section between the water guide pipe and the water discharge pipe is drilled through to achieve the function of discharging groundwater around the shield tunnel.

[0016] In the aforementioned self-relief shield tunnel segment structure, a drainage gallery is provided within the shield tunnel segment structure, and a drain pipe extends from one end of the inner ring surface of the segment and connects to the drainage gallery. Water flowing out of the drain pipe is discharged through the drainage gallery.

[0017] In the above-mentioned self-relieving shield tunnel segment structure, the segment ring includes several arc-shaped segments, and the water guide pipe and the water discharge pipe are arranged on one of the arc-shaped segments.

[0018] In the above-mentioned self-relieving shield tunnel segment structure, a first annular groove and a second annular groove are provided in the annular joint, the first annular sealing gasket is provided in the first annular groove, and the second annular sealing gasket is provided in the second annular groove.

[0019] The first annular groove positions the first annular gasket, and the second annular groove positions the second annular gasket, improving stability. For ease of manufacturing and installation of the first and second annular gaskets, a portion of the first annular groove is located on the end face of one of the segment rings, and the other portion is located on the end face of the other segment ring; similarly, a portion of the second annular groove is located on the end face of one of the segment rings, and the other portion is located on the end face of the other segment ring. A portion of the annular guide channel is located on the end face of one of the segment rings, and the other portion is located on the end face of the other segment ring.

[0020] Compared with existing technologies, this self-relief shield tunnel segment structure has the following advantages: pressure control and drainage are achieved through a first annular sealing gasket, and strong water stoppage is achieved through a second annular sealing gasket; high-pressure resistant sealing gaskets are installed on the outside of the bolt holes to prevent water from entering the bolt holes and corroding the bolts; one of the arc-shaped segments is reserved with a water guide pipe, a drainage pipe, and a reserved drilling section, which can determine whether it is necessary to drill through for drainage according to specific circumstances; the drainage water pressure and drainage volume can be controlled, the stress on the shield structure can be controlled, and the durability of the shield structure can be guaranteed; the structure is simple and feasible. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the end face of a self-relieving shield tunnel segment structure.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the end face of a single arc-shaped tube segment provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is an axial cross-sectional view of the self-relieving shield tunnel segment structure.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the end face of an arc-shaped pipe segment equipped with a water guide pipe and a water drain pipe.

[0025] Figure 5 This is an axial cross-sectional view of the self-relieving shield tunnel segment structure at the water guide pipe and the drainage pipe.

[0026] In the figure, 1. segment ring; 2. circumferential joint; 3. first annular sealing gasket; 4. second annular sealing gasket; 5. sealing gasket; 6. bolt hole; 7. circumferential water guide groove; 8. water guide pipe; 9. drain pipe; 10. reserved drilling section; 11. drainage gallery; 12. arc-shaped segment; 13. grouting filling layer. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0028] like Figure 1 The self-relieving shield tunnel segment structure shown includes several axially connected segment rings 1, each segment ring 1 being composed of several arc-shaped segments 12 spliced ​​together, and two adjacent segment rings 1 being connected by bolts. A grouting filling layer 13 is provided on the outer side of the segment ring 1, and a drainage gallery 11 is provided on the inner bottom of the segment ring 1.

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, there is an annular gap 2 between two adjacent segment rings 1. A first annular sealing gasket 3 and a second annular sealing gasket 4 are provided in the annular gap 2. The first annular sealing gasket 3 is located near the outer annular surface of the segment ring 1, and the second annular sealing gasket 4 is located near the inner annular surface of the segment ring 1. The water pressure resistance of the first annular sealing gasket 3 is less than that of the second annular sealing gasket 4.

[0030] The water pressure resistance of an annular gasket refers to its ability to resist water puncture. The stronger the water pressure resistance of the annular gasket, the higher the design parameter value for water puncture resistance. For example, if the design parameter value for water puncture resistance of an annular gasket is 0.5 MPa, the annular gasket will only be punctured when the water pressure exceeds 0.5 MPa.

[0031] When the water pressure outside the segment ring 1 exceeds the water pressure resistance of the first annular sealing gasket 3, the first annular sealing gasket 3 is punctured, and water enters the annular gap 2. The annular gap 2 guides the water to various parts of the segment ring 1, which can reduce the external water pressure of the segment ring 1 and achieve the purpose of automatic water pressure control.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, a sealing washer 5 is provided inside the annular gap 2 and fitted onto the bolt. The thickness of the sealing washer 5 is greater than the gap width of the annular gap 2, and the water pressure resistance of the sealing washer 5 is greater than that of the first annular sealing gasket 3. The sealing washer 5 can prevent water from corroding the bolt, and the water pressure resistance of the sealing washer 5 is greater than or equal to that of the second annular sealing gasket 4.

[0033] like Figure 2As shown, the end face of the segment ring 1 is provided with bolt holes 6 located between the first annular sealing gasket 3 and the second annular sealing gasket 4, and the bolts are inserted into the corresponding bolt holes 6. The outer diameter of the sealing gasket is larger than the diameter of the bolt hole 6. The bolt hole 6 is protected by the first annular sealing gasket 3. Water will only come into contact with the sealing gasket 5 after it has penetrated the first annular sealing gasket 3, thus improving the service life of the sealing gasket 5.

[0034] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a circumferential water guide groove 7 is provided inside the annular joint 2, located between the first annular sealing gasket 3 and the second annular sealing gasket 4. When the water pressure outside the segment ring 1 exceeds the water pressure resistance of the first annular sealing gasket 3, the first annular sealing gasket 3 is punctured, and water enters the annular joint 2. The circumferential water guide groove 7 guides the water to various parts of the segment ring 1, thereby achieving the purpose of automatic water pressure control.

[0035] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 As shown, the distance from the annular water guide groove 7 to the first sealing gasket is less than the distance from the annular water guide groove 7 to the second sealing gasket. When the water pressure outside the segment ring 1 exceeds the water pressure resistance of the first annular sealing gasket 3, the first annular sealing gasket 3 is punctured, and water enters the annular gap 2. Due to the smaller distance from the annular water guide groove 7, water can quickly enter the annular water guide groove 7, achieving the purpose of rapid pressure reduction.

[0036] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, one of the arc-shaped segments 12 is equipped with an axially extending water guide pipe 8 and a radially extending drain pipe 9. One end of the water guide pipe 8 is connected to the circumferential water guide channel 7, and the other end extends into the interior of the segment ring 1. One end of the drain pipe 9 extends from the inner ring surface of the segment ring 1, and the other end is positioned opposite to the water guide pipe 8. A reserved drilling section 10 is provided between the other end of the water guide pipe 8 and the other end of the drain pipe 9. The end of the drain pipe 9 extending from the inner ring surface of the segment ring 1 is connected to the drainage gallery 11, and the water flowing out of the drain pipe 9 is discharged through the drainage gallery 11. When water discharge is required, the reserved drilling section 10 between the water guide pipe 8 and the drain pipe 9 is drilled through to achieve the function of draining groundwater around the shield tunnel.

[0037] like Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the annular seam 2 is provided with a first annular groove and a second annular groove. The first annular sealing gasket 3 is disposed in the first annular groove, and the second annular sealing gasket 4 is disposed in the second annular groove. The first annular groove positions the first annular sealing gasket 3, and the second annular groove positions the second annular sealing gasket 4, improving stability. To facilitate processing and installation of the first annular sealing gasket 3 and the second annular sealing gasket 4, a portion of the first annular groove is located on the end face of one of the segment rings 1, and the other portion is located on the end face of the other segment ring 1; a portion of the second annular groove is located on the end face of one of the segment rings 1, and the other portion is located on the end face of the other segment ring 1. A portion of the annular guide water channel 7 is located on the end face of one of the segment rings 1, and the other portion is located on the end face of the other segment ring 1.

[0038] In this embodiment, pressure is controlled and drainage is achieved through a first annular sealing gasket 3, and strong water stop is achieved through a second annular sealing gasket 4. A high-pressure resistant sealing gasket 5 is installed on the outside of the bolt hole 6 to prevent water from entering the bolt hole 6 and corroding the bolt. One of the arc-shaped segments 12 is reserved with a water guide pipe 8, a drainage pipe 9, and a reserved drilling section 10, which can be determined according to the specific situation whether it is necessary to drill through for drainage. The drainage water pressure and drainage volume can be controlled, the stress on the shield structure can be controlled, and the durability of the shield structure can be guaranteed. The structure is simple and feasible.

[0039] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A self-relieving shield tunnel segment structure, comprising a plurality of axially connected segment rings (1), wherein an circumferential gap (2) exists between two adjacent segment rings (1), characterized in that, The annular seam (2) is provided with a first annular sealing gasket (3) and a second annular sealing gasket (4). The first annular sealing gasket (3) is located near the outer annular surface of the segment ring (1), and the second annular sealing gasket (4) is located near the inner annular surface of the segment ring (1). The water pressure resistance of the first annular sealing gasket (3) is less than that of the second annular sealing gasket (4). The annular seam (2) is provided with an annular water guide groove (7). The annular water guide groove (7) is located between the first annular sealing gasket (3) and the second annular sealing gasket (4). The distance from the annular water guide groove (7) to the first annular sealing gasket (3) is less than the distance from the annular water guide groove (7) to the second annular sealing gasket (4).

2. The self-relief shield tunnel segment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two adjacent segment rings (1) are connected by bolts. A sealing washer (5) is provided in the ring gap (2) and fitted on the bolt. The thickness of the sealing washer (5) is greater than the width of the ring gap (2). The water pressure resistance of the sealing washer (5) is greater than that of the first annular sealing gasket (3).

3. The self-relieving shield tunnel segment structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The end face of the segment ring (1) is provided with bolt holes (6) located between the first annular sealing gasket (3) and the second annular sealing gasket (4), and the bolts are inserted into the corresponding bolt holes (6).

4. The self-relief shield tunnel segment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The segment ring (1) is provided with an axially extending water guide pipe (8) and a radially extending water drain pipe (9). One end of the water guide pipe (8) is connected to the circumferential water guide groove (7), and the other end extends into the inside of the segment ring (1). One end of the water drain pipe (9) extends out from the inner ring surface of the segment ring (1), and the other end is opposite to the water guide pipe (8). A reserved drilling section (10) is provided between the other end of the water guide pipe (8) and the other end of the water drain pipe (9).

5. The self-relieving shield tunnel segment structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The shield tunnel segment structure is equipped with a drainage gallery (11), and the drain pipe (9) is connected to the drainage gallery (11) by one end extending from the inner ring surface of the segment ring (1).

6. The self-relieving shield tunnel segment structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The segment ring (1) includes several arc-shaped segments (12), and the water guide pipe (8) and the drain pipe (9) are disposed on one of the arc-shaped segments (12).

7. The self-relief shield tunnel segment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The annular seam (2) is provided with a first annular groove and a second annular groove. The first annular sealing gasket (3) is provided in the first annular groove, and the second annular sealing gasket (4) is provided in the second annular groove.

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