An automatic adjustment system for boiler desuperheating water flow

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of boiler technology and discloses an automatic adjustment system for boiler desuperheating water flow rate, used in a boiler including a superheater, a reheater, and a feedwater pump. The system includes a main desuperheating system, a secondary desuperheating system, and a control device. The main desuperheating system controls the steam temperature at the superheater outlet, and the secondary desuperheating system controls the steam temperature at the reheater outlet. The main and secondary desuperheating systems are connected in parallel to the feedwater pump. The automatic adjustment system for boiler desuperheating water flow rate disclosed in this invention can automatically adjust the boiler desuperheating water flow rate according to the steam temperature in the boiler superheater to ensure the normal operation of the boiler.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of boiler technology, and in particular to an automatic adjustment system for boiler desuperheating water flow. Background Technology

[0002] A boiler is an energy conversion device. The energy input to a boiler includes the chemical energy of fuel and electrical energy. The boiler outputs steam, high-temperature water, or organic heat carriers with a certain amount of thermal energy, playing a crucial role in thermal power plants. The main steam temperature of the boiler is one of the key control parameters of the boiler unit. Inadequate control of the main steam temperature not only fails to guarantee power generation but also leads to a serious waste of primary energy. Therefore, ensuring that the boiler superheated steam temperature is within the normal range is of great significance to the unit. During boiler operation, boiler desuperheating water is an important means of regulating boiler steam temperature. In actual boiler unit operation, situations often arise where the desuperheating water flow is too small or too large, affecting the boiler superheater temperature and thus seriously impacting the stable operation of the unit.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an automatic boiler desuperheating water flow rate adjustment system to control the boiler desuperheating water flow rate in order to improve the operational stability of the unit. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides an automatic adjustment system for boiler desuperheating water flow, used in a boiler comprising a superheater, a reheater, and a feedwater pump. The system includes a main desuperheating system, a secondary desuperheating system, and a control device. The main desuperheating system controls the steam temperature at the superheater outlet, and the secondary desuperheating system controls the steam temperature at the reheater outlet. The main desuperheating system and the secondary desuperheating system are connected in parallel to the feedwater pump.

[0005] The main desuperheating system includes a main water spray desuperheater and a superheater temperature detection device; the main water spray desuperheater is connected to the superheater and is used to control the temperature of the superheater tube wall and / or the steam in the superheater; the superheater temperature detection device is connected to the superheater and is used to detect the temperature of the superheater tube wall and / or the steam in the superheater.

[0006] The auxiliary desuperheating system includes a reheat water spray desuperheater and a reheater temperature detection device; the reheat water spray desuperheater is connected to the reheater and is used to control the temperature of the reheater tube wall and / or the steam in the reheater; the reheater temperature detection device is connected to the reheater and is used to detect the temperature of the reheater tube wall and / or the steam in the reheater.

[0007] The control device is electrically connected to the main water spray desuperheater, the superheater temperature detection device, the reheat water spray desuperheater, and the reheater temperature detection device. It is used to control the water spray volume of the main water spray desuperheater according to the temperature detected by the superheater temperature detection device, and to control the water spray volume of the reheat water spray desuperheater according to the temperature detected by the reheater temperature detection device.

[0008] In some embodiments, the main water spray desuperheater includes a primary main water spray desuperheater and a secondary main water spray desuperheater;

[0009] The primary main water spray desuperheater is located before the superheater, and the secondary main water spray desuperheater is located after the superheater.

[0010] In some embodiments, the superheater temperature detection device includes a steam temperature detection device and a superheater tube wall temperature detection device; wherein, the steam temperature detection device is used to detect the steam temperature in the superheater; and the superheater tube wall temperature detection device is used to detect the temperature of the superheater tube wall.

[0011] In some embodiments, the superheater is a screen-type superheater, including a low-temperature superheater, a superheater partition screen, a superheater rear screen, and a final-stage superheater.

[0012] The steam temperature detection device includes a first steam temperature detection device, a second steam temperature detection device, and a third steam temperature detection device; the first steam temperature detection device is disposed between the low-temperature superheater and the superheater partition screen, and is used to detect the steam temperature at the outlet of the low-temperature superheater; the second steam temperature detection device is disposed between the superheater partition screen and the superheater rear screen, and is used to detect the steam temperature at the outlet of the superheater partition screen; the third steam temperature detection device is disposed between the superheater rear screen and the final stage superheater, and is used to detect the steam temperature at the outlet of the superheater rear screen.

[0013] In some embodiments, the primary main spray desuperheater is disposed between the low-temperature superheater and the superheater partition screen, and is disposed after the first steam temperature detection device;

[0014] The secondary main spray desuperheater is located between the superheater rear screen and the final superheater, and is located after the third steam temperature detection device.

[0015] In some embodiments, the main spray desuperheater is connected to the feed water pump via a main desuperheating water pipeline; the reheat spray desuperheater is connected to the feed water pump via a reheat desuperheating water pipeline.

[0016] In some embodiments, the main desuperheating water pipeline and the reheat desuperheating water pipeline are respectively equipped with flow meters and / or regulating valves.

[0017] In some embodiments, the reheater includes a low-temperature reheater and a high-temperature reheater; the reheat water spray desuperheater includes an emergency water spray desuperheater and a standby water spray desuperheater; the emergency water spray desuperheater is located before the low-temperature reheater; and the standby water spray desuperheater is located after the high-temperature reheater.

[0018] The reheater temperature detection device includes a first reheater temperature detection device and a second reheater temperature detection device; the first reheater temperature detection device is installed before the emergency spray desuperheater, and the second reheater temperature detection device is installed before the standby spray desuperheater.

[0019] In some embodiments, the control device controls the water spray volume of the main spray desuperheater based on the temperature detected by the superheater temperature detection device, including:

[0020] The control device has a preset low-temperature superheater outlet steam temperature matrix A0, which is set as A0(A1, A2, A3, A4), where A1 is the first low-temperature superheater outlet steam temperature, A2 is the second low-temperature superheater outlet steam temperature, A3 is the third low-temperature superheater outlet steam temperature, and A4 is the fourth low-temperature superheater outlet steam temperature, and A1 < A2 < A3 < A4.

[0021] A preset primary main water spray desuperheater spray volume matrix S0 is defined as S0(S1, S2, S3, S4), where S1 is the first preset primary main water spray desuperheater spray volume, S2 is the second preset primary main water spray desuperheater spray volume, S3 is the third preset primary main water spray desuperheater spray volume, and S4 is the fourth preset primary main water spray desuperheater spray volume, and S1 > S2 > S3 > S4.

[0022] The real-time temperature A of the steam at the outlet of the low-temperature superheater is obtained, and the water spray volume of the primary main spray desuperheater is set according to the relationship between the real-time temperature A and each preset temperature.

[0023] When A < A1, the water spray volume S1 of the first preset primary main water spray desuperheater is set as the water spray volume of the primary main water spray desuperheater.

[0024] When A1≤A<A2, the water spray volume S2 of the second preset first-stage main water spray desuperheater is set as the water spray volume of the first-stage main water spray desuperheater.

[0025] When A2≤A<A3, the water spray volume S3 of the third preset first-stage main water spray desuperheater is set as the water spray volume of the first-stage main water spray desuperheater.

[0026] When A3≤A<A4, the water spray volume S4 ​​of the fourth preset first-stage main water spray desuperheater is set as the water spray volume of the first-stage main water spray desuperheater.

[0027] The control device has a preset superheater rear screen outlet steam temperature matrix B0, set as B0(B1, B2, B3, B4), where B1 is the first preset superheater rear screen outlet steam temperature, B2 is the second preset superheater rear screen outlet steam temperature, B3 is the third preset superheater rear screen outlet steam temperature, and B4 is the fourth preset superheater rear screen outlet steam temperature, and B1 < B2 < B3 < B4.

[0028] A preset secondary main water spray desuperheater spray volume matrix T0 is defined as T0(T1, T2, T3, T4), where T1 is the first preset secondary main water spray desuperheater spray volume, T2 is the second preset secondary main water spray desuperheater spray volume, T3 is the third preset secondary main water spray desuperheater spray volume, and T4 is the fourth preset secondary main water spray desuperheater spray volume, and T1 > T2 > T3 > T4;

[0029] The real-time temperature B of the steam at the outlet of the superheater back screen is obtained, and the water spray volume of the secondary main spray desuperheater is set according to the relationship between the real-time temperature B and each preset temperature.

[0030] When B < B1, the water spray volume T1 of the first preset secondary main water spray desuperheater is set as the water spray volume of the secondary main water spray desuperheater.

[0031] When B1≤B<B2, the water spray volume T2 of the second preset secondary main water spray desuperheater is set as the water spray volume of the primary main water spray desuperheater.

[0032] When B2≤B<B3, the water spray volume T3 of the third preset secondary main water spray desuperheater is set as the water spray volume of the primary main water spray desuperheater.

[0033] When B3≤B<B4, the water spray volume T4 of the fourth preset secondary main water spray desuperheater is set as the water spray volume of the secondary main water spray desuperheater.

[0034] In some embodiments, the control device controls the water spray volume of the main spray desuperheater based on the temperature detected by the superheater temperature detection device, and further includes:

[0035] The control device has a preset temperature difference matrix C0, which is set as C0(C1, C2, C3, C4), where C1 is the first temperature difference, C2 is the second temperature difference, C3 is the third temperature difference, and C4 is the fourth temperature difference, and C1 < C2 < C3 < C4.

[0036] A preset matrix W0 is defined for the water reduction amount of the primary main water spray desuperheater, and W0(W1, W2, W3, W4) is set, where W1 is the first preset water reduction amount of the primary main water spray desuperheater, W2 is the second preset water reduction amount of the primary main water spray desuperheater, W3 is the third preset water reduction amount of the primary main water spray desuperheater, and W4 is the fourth preset water reduction amount of the primary main water spray desuperheater, and W1 > W2 > W3 > W4, and W1 < S1, W2 < S2, W3 < S3, W4 < S4;

[0037] The second steam temperature detection device measures the real-time steam temperature a behind the superheater partition screen;

[0038] When 0 < A - a ≤ C1, the water spray volume of the primary main water spray desuperheater is not adjusted;

[0039] When C1 < A - a ≤ C2, the real-time water spray volume of the primary main water spray desuperheater is adjusted to S1 - W1;

[0040] When C2 < A - a ≤ C3, the real-time water spray volume of the primary main water spray desuperheater is adjusted to S2 - W2;

[0041] When C3 < A - a ≤ C4, the real-time water spray volume of the primary main water spray desuperheater is adjusted to S3 - W3;

[0042] When C4 < A - a, the real-time water spray volume of the primary main water spray desuperheater is adjusted to S4 - W4.

[0043] Compared with existing technologies, its advantages are as follows:

[0044] The automatic boiler desuperheating water flow rate adjustment system provided by this invention can automatically adjust the desuperheating water volume according to the boiler load, reducing the impact of human factors and improving boiler efficiency. Specifically, it can set the real-time spray volume of boiler desuperheating water based on the real-time steam temperature to ensure the normal operation of the boiler. Furthermore, it can further adjust the real-time spray volume based on the difference between the real-time steam temperature at the outlet of the first low-temperature superheater and the real-time steam temperature after the superheater partition screen measured by the second steam temperature detection device. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of the automatic adjustment system for boiler desuperheating water flow rate in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0047] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0048] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0049] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0050] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention discloses an automatic boiler desuperheating water flow rate adjustment system for use in boilers including superheaters, reheaters, and feedwater pumps. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an automatic adjustment system for boiler desuperheating water flow, comprising a main desuperheating system, a secondary desuperheating system, and a control device; the main desuperheating system is used to control the steam temperature at the superheater outlet, and the secondary desuperheating system is used to control the steam temperature at the reheater outlet; the main desuperheating system and the secondary desuperheating system are connected in parallel to the feedwater pump;

[0051] The main desuperheating system includes a main water spray desuperheater and a superheater temperature detection device; the main water spray desuperheater is connected to the superheater and is used to control the temperature of the superheater tube wall and / or the steam in the superheater; the superheater temperature detection device is connected to the superheater and is used to detect the temperature of the superheater tube wall and / or the steam in the superheater.

[0052] The auxiliary desuperheating system includes a reheat water spray desuperheater and a reheater temperature detection device; the reheat water spray desuperheater is connected to the reheater and is used to control the temperature of the reheater tube wall and / or the steam in the reheater; the reheater temperature detection device is connected to the reheater and is used to detect the temperature of the reheater tube wall and / or the steam in the reheater.

[0053] The control device is electrically connected to the main water spray desuperheater, the superheater temperature detection device, the reheat water spray desuperheater, and the reheater temperature detection device. It is used to control the water spray volume of the main water spray desuperheater according to the temperature detected by the superheater temperature detection device, and to control the water spray volume of the reheat water spray desuperheater according to the temperature detected by the reheater temperature detection device.

[0054] In some embodiments, the main water spray desuperheater includes a primary main water spray desuperheater and a secondary main water spray desuperheater;

[0055] The primary main water spray desuperheater is located before the superheater, and the secondary main water spray desuperheater is located after the superheater.

[0056] In some embodiments, the superheater temperature detection device includes a steam temperature detection device and a superheater tube wall temperature detection device; wherein, the steam temperature detection device is used to detect the steam temperature in the superheater; and the superheater tube wall temperature detection device is used to detect the temperature of the superheater tube wall.

[0057] In some embodiments, the superheater is a screen-type superheater, including a low-temperature superheater, a superheater partition screen, a superheater rear screen, and a final-stage superheater.

[0058] The steam temperature detection device includes a first steam temperature detection device, a second steam temperature detection device, and a third steam temperature detection device; the first steam temperature detection device is disposed between the low-temperature superheater and the superheater partition screen, and is used to detect the steam temperature at the outlet of the low-temperature superheater; the second steam temperature detection device is disposed between the superheater partition screen and the superheater rear screen, and is used to detect the steam temperature at the outlet of the superheater partition screen; the third steam temperature detection device is disposed between the superheater rear screen and the final stage superheater, and is used to detect the steam temperature at the outlet of the superheater rear screen.

[0059] In some embodiments, the primary main spray desuperheater is disposed between the low-temperature superheater and the superheater partition screen, and is disposed after the first steam temperature detection device;

[0060] The secondary main spray desuperheater is located between the superheater rear screen and the final superheater, and is located after the third steam temperature detection device.

[0061] In some embodiments, the main spray desuperheater is connected to the feed water pump via a main desuperheating water pipeline; the reheat spray desuperheater is connected to the feed water pump via a reheat desuperheating water pipeline.

[0062] In some embodiments, the main desuperheating water pipeline and the reheat desuperheating water pipeline are respectively equipped with flow meters and / or regulating valves.

[0063] In some embodiments, the reheater includes a low-temperature reheater and a high-temperature reheater; the reheat water spray desuperheater includes an emergency water spray desuperheater and a standby water spray desuperheater; the emergency water spray desuperheater is located before the low-temperature reheater; and the standby water spray desuperheater is located after the high-temperature reheater.

[0064] The reheater temperature detection device includes a first reheater temperature detection device and a second reheater temperature detection device; the first reheater temperature detection device is installed before the emergency spray desuperheater, and the second reheater temperature detection device is installed before the standby spray desuperheater.

[0065] In some embodiments, the control device controls the water spray volume of the main spray desuperheater based on the temperature detected by the superheater temperature detection device, including:

[0066] The control device has a preset low-temperature superheater outlet steam temperature matrix A0, which is set as A0(A1, A2, A3, A4), where A1 is the first low-temperature superheater outlet steam temperature, A2 is the second low-temperature superheater outlet steam temperature, A3 is the third low-temperature superheater outlet steam temperature, and A4 is the fourth low-temperature superheater outlet steam temperature, and A1 < A2 < A3 < A4.

[0067] A preset primary main water spray desuperheater spray volume matrix S0 is defined as S0(S1, S2, S3, S4), where S1 is the first preset primary main water spray desuperheater spray volume, S2 is the second preset primary main water spray desuperheater spray volume, S3 is the third preset primary main water spray desuperheater spray volume, and S4 is the fourth preset primary main water spray desuperheater spray volume, and S1 > S2 > S3 > S4.

[0068] The real-time temperature A of the steam at the outlet of the low-temperature superheater is obtained, and the water spray volume of the primary main spray desuperheater is set according to the relationship between the real-time temperature A and each preset temperature.

[0069] When A < A1, the water spray volume S1 of the first preset primary main water spray desuperheater is set as the water spray volume of the primary main water spray desuperheater.

[0070] When A1≤A<A2, the water spray volume S2 of the second preset first-stage main water spray desuperheater is set as the water spray volume of the first-stage main water spray desuperheater.

[0071] When A2≤A<A3, the water spray volume S3 of the third preset first-stage main water spray desuperheater is set as the water spray volume of the first-stage main water spray desuperheater.

[0072] When A3≤A<A4, the water spray volume S4 ​​of the fourth preset first-stage main water spray desuperheater is set as the water spray volume of the first-stage main water spray desuperheater.

[0073] The control device has a preset superheater rear screen outlet steam temperature matrix B0, set as B0(B1, B2, B3, B4), where B1 is the first preset superheater rear screen outlet steam temperature, B2 is the second preset superheater rear screen outlet steam temperature, B3 is the third preset superheater rear screen outlet steam temperature, and B4 is the fourth preset superheater rear screen outlet steam temperature, and B1 < B2 < B3 < B4.

[0074] A preset secondary main water spray desuperheater spray volume matrix T0 is defined as T0(T1, T2, T3, T4), where T1 is the first preset secondary main water spray desuperheater spray volume, T2 is the second preset secondary main water spray desuperheater spray volume, T3 is the third preset secondary main water spray desuperheater spray volume, and T4 is the fourth preset secondary main water spray desuperheater spray volume, and T1 > T2 > T3 > T4;

[0075] The real-time temperature B of the steam at the outlet of the superheater back screen is obtained, and the water spray volume of the secondary main spray desuperheater is set according to the relationship between the real-time temperature B and each preset temperature.

[0076] When B < B1, the water spray volume T1 of the first preset secondary main water spray desuperheater is set as the water spray volume of the secondary main water spray desuperheater.

[0077] When B1≤B<B2, the water spray volume T2 of the second preset secondary main water spray desuperheater is set as the water spray volume of the primary main water spray desuperheater.

[0078] When B2≤B<B3, the water spray volume T3 of the third preset secondary main water spray desuperheater is set as the water spray volume of the primary main water spray desuperheater.

[0079] When B3≤B<B4, the water spray volume T4 of the fourth preset secondary main water spray desuperheater is set as the water spray volume of the secondary main water spray desuperheater.

[0080] In some embodiments, the control device controls the water spray volume of the main spray desuperheater based on the temperature detected by the superheater temperature detection device, and further includes:

[0081] The control device has a preset temperature difference matrix C0, which is set as C0(C1, C2, C3, C4), where C1 is the first temperature difference, C2 is the second temperature difference, C3 is the third temperature difference, and C4 is the fourth temperature difference, and C1 < C2 < C3 < C4.

[0082] A preset matrix W0 is defined for the water reduction amount of the primary main water spray desuperheater, and W0(W1, W2, W3, W4) is set, where W1 is the first preset water reduction amount of the primary main water spray desuperheater, W2 is the second preset water reduction amount of the primary main water spray desuperheater, W3 is the third preset water reduction amount of the primary main water spray desuperheater, and W4 is the fourth preset water reduction amount of the primary main water spray desuperheater, and W1 > W2 > W3 > W4, and W1 < S1, W2 < S2, W3 < S3, W4 < S4;

[0083] The second steam temperature detection device measures the real-time steam temperature a behind the superheater partition screen;

[0084] When 0 < A - a ≤ C1, the water spray volume of the primary main water spray desuperheater is not adjusted;

[0085] When C1 < A - a ≤ C2, the real-time water spray volume of the primary main water spray desuperheater is adjusted to S1 - W1;

[0086] When C2 < A - a ≤ C3, the real-time water spray volume of the primary main water spray desuperheater is adjusted to S2 - W2;

[0087] When C3 < A - a ≤ C4, the real-time water spray volume of the primary main water spray desuperheater is adjusted to S3 - W3;

[0088] When C4 < A - a, the real-time water spray volume of the primary main water spray desuperheater is adjusted to S4 - W4.

[0089] In summary, boiler desuperheating water is an important means of regulating boiler steam temperature. During the actual operation of the boiler unit, the desuperheating water flow rate is often too small or too large, affecting the boiler superheater air temperature and thus seriously affecting the stable operation of the unit. This invention provides an automatic boiler desuperheating water flow rate adjustment system that can automatically adjust the boiler desuperheating water flow rate according to the steam temperature in the boiler superheater to ensure the normal operation of the boiler. Specifically: (1) it can set the real-time spray volume of boiler desuperheating water through the real-time steam temperature; (2) it can further adjust the real-time spray volume based on the difference between the real-time steam temperature at the outlet of the first low-temperature superheater and the real-time steam temperature after the superheater partition screen measured by the second steam temperature detection device.

[0090] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic adjustment system for boiler desuperheating water flow rate, used in a boiler including a superheater, a reheater, and a feedwater pump, characterized in that, It includes a main desuperheating system, a secondary desuperheating system, and a control device; the main desuperheating system is used to control the steam temperature at the outlet of the superheater, and the secondary desuperheating system is used to control the steam temperature at the outlet of the reheater; the main desuperheating system and the secondary desuperheating system are connected in parallel to the feedwater pump; The main desuperheating system includes a main water spray desuperheater and a superheater temperature detection device; the main water spray desuperheater is connected to the superheater and is used to control the temperature of the superheater tube wall and / or the steam in the superheater; the superheater temperature detection device is connected to the superheater and is used to detect the temperature of the superheater tube wall and / or the steam in the superheater. The auxiliary desuperheating system includes a reheat water spray desuperheater and a reheater temperature detection device; the reheat water spray desuperheater is connected to the reheater and is used to control the temperature of the reheater tube wall and / or the steam in the reheater; the reheater temperature detection device is connected to the reheater and is used to detect the temperature of the reheater tube wall and / or the steam in the reheater. The control device is electrically connected to the main water spray desuperheater, the superheater temperature detection device, the reheat water spray desuperheater, and the reheater temperature detection device. It is used to control the water spray volume of the main water spray desuperheater according to the temperature detected by the superheater temperature detection device, and to control the water spray volume of the reheat water spray desuperheater according to the temperature detected by the reheater temperature detection device. The main water spray desuperheater includes a primary main water spray desuperheater and a secondary main water spray desuperheater; The primary main water spray desuperheater is located before the superheater, and the secondary main water spray desuperheater is located after the superheater. The superheater temperature detection device includes a steam temperature detection device and a superheater tube wall temperature detection device; wherein, the steam temperature detection device is used to detect the steam temperature in the superheater; and the superheater tube wall temperature detection device is used to detect the temperature of the superheater tube wall. The superheater is a screen-type superheater, including a low-temperature superheater, a superheater partition screen, a superheater rear screen, and a final stage superheater. The steam temperature detection device includes a first steam temperature detection device, a second steam temperature detection device, and a third steam temperature detection device; the first steam temperature detection device is disposed between the low-temperature superheater and the superheater partition screen, and is used to detect the steam temperature at the outlet of the low-temperature superheater; the second steam temperature detection device is disposed between the superheater partition screen and the superheater rear screen, and is used to detect the steam temperature at the outlet of the superheater partition screen; the third steam temperature detection device is disposed between the superheater rear screen and the final stage superheater, and is used to detect the steam temperature at the outlet of the superheater rear screen. The primary main spray desuperheater is located between the low-temperature superheater and the superheater partition screen, and is located after the first steam temperature detection device; The secondary main spray desuperheater is located between the superheater rear screen and the final superheater, and is located after the third steam temperature detection device; The main water spray desuperheater is connected to the water supply pump via the main desuperheating water pipeline; the reheat water spray desuperheater is connected to the water supply pump via the reheat desuperheating water pipeline. The main desuperheating water pipeline and the reheat desuperheating water pipeline are respectively equipped with flow meters and / or regulating valves; The reheater includes a low-temperature reheater and a high-temperature reheater; the reheat water spray desuperheater includes an emergency water spray desuperheater and a standby water spray desuperheater; the emergency water spray desuperheater is located before the low-temperature reheater; the standby water spray desuperheater is located after the high-temperature reheater. The reheater temperature detection device includes a first reheater temperature detection device and a second reheater temperature detection device; the first reheater temperature detection device is installed before the emergency spray desuperheater, and the second reheater temperature detection device is installed before the standby spray desuperheater. The control device controls the water spray volume of the main spray desuperheater based on the temperature detected by the superheater temperature detection device, including: The control device has a preset low-temperature superheater outlet steam temperature matrix A0, which is set as A0(A1, A2, A3, A4), where A1 is the first low-temperature superheater outlet steam temperature, A2 is the second low-temperature superheater outlet steam temperature, A3 is the third low-temperature superheater outlet steam temperature, and A4 is the fourth low-temperature superheater outlet steam temperature, and A1 < A2 < A3 < A4. A preset primary main water spray desuperheater spray volume matrix S0 is defined as S0(S1, S2, S3, S4), where S1 is the first preset primary main water spray desuperheater spray volume, S2 is the second preset primary main water spray desuperheater spray volume, S3 is the third preset primary main water spray desuperheater spray volume, and S4 is the fourth preset primary main water spray desuperheater spray volume, and S1 > S2 > S3 > S4. The real-time temperature A of the steam at the outlet of the low-temperature superheater is obtained, and the water spray volume of the primary main spray desuperheater is set according to the relationship between the real-time temperature A and each preset temperature. When A < A1, the water spray volume S1 of the first preset primary main water spray desuperheater is set as the water spray volume of the primary main water spray desuperheater. When A1≤A<A2, the water spray volume S2 of the second preset first-stage main water spray desuperheater is set as the water spray volume of the first-stage main water spray desuperheater. When A2≤A<A3, the water spray volume S3 of the third preset first-stage main water spray desuperheater is set as the water spray volume of the first-stage main water spray desuperheater. When A3≤A<A4, the water spray volume S4 ​​of the fourth preset first-stage main water spray desuperheater is set as the water spray volume of the first-stage main water spray desuperheater. The control device has a preset superheater rear screen outlet steam temperature matrix B0, set as B0(B1, B2, B3, B4), where B1 is the first preset superheater rear screen outlet steam temperature, B2 is the second preset superheater rear screen outlet steam temperature, B3 is the third preset superheater rear screen outlet steam temperature, and B4 is the fourth preset superheater rear screen outlet steam temperature, and B1 < B2 < B3 < B4. A preset secondary main water spray desuperheater spray volume matrix T0 is defined as T0(T1, T2, T3, T4), where T1 is the first preset secondary main water spray desuperheater spray volume, T2 is the second preset secondary main water spray desuperheater spray volume, T3 is the third preset secondary main water spray desuperheater spray volume, and T4 is the fourth preset secondary main water spray desuperheater spray volume, and T1 > T2 > T3 > T4; The real-time temperature B of the steam at the outlet of the superheater back screen is obtained, and the water spray volume of the secondary main spray desuperheater is set according to the relationship between the real-time temperature B and each preset temperature. When B < B1, the water spray volume T1 of the first preset secondary main water spray desuperheater is set as the water spray volume of the secondary main water spray desuperheater. When B1≤B<B2, the water spray volume T2 of the second preset secondary main water spray desuperheater is set as the water spray volume of the primary main water spray desuperheater. When B2≤B<B3, the water spray volume T3 of the third preset secondary main water spray desuperheater is set as the water spray volume of the primary main water spray desuperheater. When B3≤B<B4, the water spray volume T4 of the fourth preset secondary main water spray desuperheater is set as the water spray volume of the secondary main water spray desuperheater.

2. The boiler desuperheating water flow automatic adjustment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control device controls the water spray volume of the main spray desuperheater based on the temperature detected by the superheater temperature detection device, and further includes: The control device has a preset temperature difference matrix C0, which is set as C0(C1, C2, C3, C4), where C1 is the first temperature difference, C2 is the second temperature difference, C3 is the third temperature difference, and C4 is the fourth temperature difference, and C1 < C2 < C3 < C4. A preset matrix W0 is defined for the water reduction amount of the primary main water spray desuperheater, and W0(W1, W2, W3, W4) is set, where W1 is the first preset water reduction amount of the primary main water spray desuperheater, W2 is the second preset water reduction amount of the primary main water spray desuperheater, W3 is the third preset water reduction amount of the primary main water spray desuperheater, and W4 is the fourth preset water reduction amount of the primary main water spray desuperheater, and W1 > W2 > W3 > W4, and W1 < S1, W2 < S2, W3 < S3, W4 < S4; The second steam temperature detection device measures the real-time steam temperature a behind the superheater partition screen; When 0 < A - a ≤ C1, the water spray volume of the primary main water spray desuperheater is not adjusted; When C1 < A - a ≤ C2, the real-time water spray volume of the primary main water spray desuperheater is adjusted to S1 - W1; When C2 < A - a ≤ C3, the real-time water spray volume of the primary main water spray desuperheater is adjusted to S2 - W2; When C3 < A - a ≤ C4, the real-time water spray volume of the primary main water spray desuperheater is adjusted to S3 - W3; When C4 < A - a, the real-time water spray volume of the primary main water spray desuperheater is adjusted to S4 - W4.

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