A hot water boiler based on a porous medium burner

Abstract

The application discloses a hot water boiler based on a porous medium burner, which comprises a hot water boiler shell, wherein the hot water boiler shell comprises a boiler barrel, the outer side of the boiler barrel is provided with a water jacket for storing water, and the inside of the boiler barrel is fixedly provided with a porous medium burner; the inner cavity of the porous medium burner comprises a combustion reaction zone, the two ends of the combustion reaction zone are provided with anti-backfire areas, the two ends of the porous medium burner are provided with mixed gas inlets, the mixed gas inlets are connected with mixed gas input pipelines, one end of the mixed gas input pipelines extends out of the hot water boiler shell and is connected with a gas fuel supply device; the porous medium burner is internally provided with an ignition device, mixed gas flows into the combustion reaction zone from the mixed gas input pipelines and is ignited by the ignition device, heat generated by combustion of the mixed gas heats water in the water jacket, flue gas is discharged from the combustion reaction zone through the pores of the porous medium of the porous medium burner and is discharged into a flue gas treatment mechanism connected with the hot water boiler shell, the gas utilization rate is improved, and the heat diffusion speed is slowed down.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to combustion equipment, specifically a hot water boiler based on a porous media burner. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional combustion equipment suffers from low energy utilization due to an improper air-fuel ratio and heat loss in flue gas, resulting in low hot water efficiency and high energy input costs for water heaters. An improper air-fuel ratio manifests in two ways: First, excess air leads to the heating of excess cold air, increasing energy consumption and decreasing hot water efficiency. Second, insufficient air leads to incomplete combustion, also reducing efficiency. Heat loss in flue gas occurs when the exhaust gas temperature is too high, indicating that not all heat is utilized in the hot water operation. This heat is released into the air along with the exhaust gas, reducing combustion efficiency and energy savings.

[0003] Furthermore, traditional combustion equipment generally does not perform extensive treatment on the emitted flue gas, resulting in excessively high levels of pollutants and dust pollution. Moreover, traditional combustion equipment typically uses natural flame combustion, requiring a large combustion space, thus its heat storage capacity is weak, leading to rapid heat dissipation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hot water boiler based on a porous media burner, which improves gas utilization and slows down the rate of heat diffusion.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution:

[0006] A hot water boiler based on a porous media burner includes a hot water boiler shell, the hot water boiler shell includes a furnace chamber, the outer side of the furnace chamber is provided with a water jacket for water storage, a hollow cylindrical porous media burner is fixedly installed inside the furnace chamber, the inner cavity of the porous media burner includes a combustion reaction zone, the two ends of the combustion reaction zone are provided with anti-backfire zones, and both ends of the porous media burner are provided with mixed gas inlets, the mixed gas inlets are connected to mixed gas input pipes, one end of the mixed gas input pipes extends outside the hot water boiler shell and is connected to a gas fuel supply device;

[0007] The porous media burner is equipped with an ignition device in its inner cavity. The mixed gas in the gas fuel supply device flows into the combustion reaction zone from the mixed gas input pipe and is ignited by the ignition device. The heat generated by the combustion of the mixed gas heats the water inside the water jacket. The flue gas is discharged from the combustion reaction zone through the pores of the porous medium of the porous media burner and is discharged into the flue gas treatment mechanism connected to the hot water boiler shell.

[0008] Furthermore, the flue gas treatment mechanism includes a flue gas duct connected to the hot water boiler shell, a flue gas storage device for storing the flue gas generated after combustion, a flue gas filter connected to the flue gas storage device through an exhaust pipe, and an infrared flue gas analyzer for analyzing the flue gas components connected to the exhaust pipe at the outlet of the flue gas filter.

[0009] The flue gas storage device is connected to a flue gas recovery pipe, which is equipped with a second valve. The exhaust pipe connected to the tail end of the infrared flue gas analyzer is connected to the flue gas recovery pipe via a tee. The exhaust pipe connected to the other interface of the tee is equipped with a third valve. When the infrared flue gas analyzer detects that the flue gas does not meet the emission requirements, it opens the second valve and closes the third valve, allowing the flue gas to re-enter the flue gas storage device from the flue gas recovery pipe. When the infrared flue gas analyzer detects that the flue gas meets the emission requirements, it closes the second valve and opens the third valve, allowing the flue gas to be discharged from the exhaust pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, the gas fuel supply device includes a high-pressure gas cylinder for storing gas fuel. The high-pressure gas cylinder is connected via a gas supply pipe to a gas mixer for mixing synthetic biomass gas with air to form a mixed gas. The gas mixer is connected to a gas heater for heating the mixed gas. The outlet of the gas heater is connected to a mixed gas input pipe to input the premixed and heated mixed gas into the combustion reaction zone of the porous medium burner.

[0011] Furthermore, the gas heater is connected to a temperature controller.

[0012] Furthermore, the two ends of the hot water heater shell are respectively connected to mounting holes, and the mixed gas input pipe is fixedly inserted into the mounting holes to be fixedly connected to the hot water heater shell.

[0013] Furthermore, the backfire prevention zone has a conical structure, and the diameter of the end near the combustion reaction zone is larger than the diameter of the end near the mixed gas inlet.

[0014] Furthermore, the anti-backfire zone is filled with high-temperature ceramic fibers.

[0015] Furthermore, a thermocouple is provided inside the hot water boiler shell, with the thermocouple's nodes inserted into the porous medium burner. A dedicated measuring instrument for displaying the temperature measured by the thermocouple is provided outside the hot water boiler shell.

[0016] Furthermore, an S-shaped protective sleeve is fitted onto the node of the thermocouple.

[0017] Furthermore, a first valve is provided on the exhaust pipe between the flue gas storage device and the flue gas filter.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] This invention utilizes the strong heat storage capacity of porous media in a porous media burner, as well as the characteristic of using its own heat transfer and radiation as important regeneration methods. The porous media burner is designed as a hollow cylinder, with its inner cavity serving as a mixing gas channel, while the external structure is more compact. When the gas burns in the porous media burner, the small pores of the porous media easily turbulent the airflow, thereby increasing the combustion intensity and making the gas burn more completely. Therefore, compared with traditional free-space combustion, the flame combustion area within the porous media burner is larger, which is conducive to the complete combustion of the mixed gas, resulting in a thicker and more stable flame, less prone to backfire, faster flame propagation speed, more uniform temperature distribution, improved gas utilization, and slower heat diffusion rate.

[0020] By storing the flue gas produced from the combustion of the mixed gas in a flue gas storage device, the flue gas is effectively separated from the mixed gas, preventing the flue gas from affecting the premixed combustion of the mixed gas. Moreover, the flue gas filter can reduce the content of harmful substances such as sulfur dioxide in the flue gas, thereby playing a role in smoke and dust removal. The filtered flue gas is inspected by an infrared flue gas analyzer. Only the flue gas that passes the inspection is discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust pipe, while the flue gas that fails the inspection returns to the flue gas storage device through the flue gas recovery pipe for secondary filtration until it meets the emission standards before being finally discharged into the atmosphere. This achieves the rational emission of flue gas and can effectively improve the pollution problem of exhaust gas.

[0021] A gas mixer is used to mix synthetic biomass gas from a high-pressure gas cylinder with air to form a mixed gas. The mixed gas is preheated by a gas heater, and the temperature of the mixed gas is monitored by a temperature controller to ensure the minimum heat required for ignition, making ignition in the porous media burner easier.

[0022] To further reduce tempering, the present invention sets the tempering prevention area as a conical structure, thereby reducing the gas flow rate by increasing the flow cross section of the mixed gas; at the same time, the tempering prevention area is filled with high-temperature resistant ceramic fibers to further prevent tempering. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 : A schematic diagram of the porous media burner structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 : A schematic diagram of the flue gas treatment mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] In the diagram: 204 - Porous medium; 205 - Tee; 209 - Ignition device; 210 - First valve; 213 - Thermocouple; 214 - Second valve; 215 - Furnace shell; 216 - Third valve; 217 - Water jacket; 221 - Flue gas duct; 225 - Combustion reaction zone; 227 - Mixed gas inlet; 234 - Flue gas filter; 237 - Mounting hole; 241 - Infrared flue gas analyzer; 242 - Flue gas storage device; 263 - Backfire prevention zone. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The specific content of the present invention will be further explained in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but this should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a hot water boiler based on a porous media burner includes a boiler shell, which includes a furnace chamber 215. A water jacket 217 for water storage is provided on the outer side of the furnace chamber 215, which increases the radiant heating area and enhances the heat transfer effect. A porous media burner is fixedly installed inside the furnace chamber 215. The porous media burner is a hollow cylinder with mixed gas inlets 227 at both ends. The mixed gas inlets 227 are connected to mixed gas input pipes. One end of the mixed gas input pipe extends outside the boiler shell and is connected to a gas fuel supply device. The inner cavity of the porous media burner is a channel for the mixture of fuel gas and air, including a combustion reaction zone 225. The two ends of the reaction zone 225 are anti-backfire zones 263. The anti-backfire zone 263 has a conical structure, and its diameter at the end near the combustion reaction zone 225 is larger than its diameter at the end near the mixed gas inlet 227. This reduces the gas flow rate by increasing the flow cross-section. High-temperature resistant ceramic fibers are filled in the anti-backfire zone 263 to achieve a good anti-backfire effect. The wall of the porous medium burner is provided with porous medium 204. The flue gas generated after the mixed gas is burned in the combustion reaction zone 225 is discharged through the pores of the porous medium 204 to the area outside the combustion reaction zone 225, that is, inside the furnace liner 215, and finally discharged into the flue gas treatment mechanism connected to the hot water boiler shell.

[0028] The porous medium burner is also equipped with an ignition device 209 that is ignited by a high-voltage electric spark. The ignition device 209 is located in the combustion reaction zone 225. The energy required to ignite the mixed gas does not exceed the energy released by the spark itself, which is conducive to igniting the mixed gas.

[0029] The gas fuel supply device includes a high-pressure gas cylinder, a gas mixer, and a gas heater. The high-pressure gas cylinder stores and supplies gas fuel. A pressure reducing valve is connected to the top of the high-pressure gas cylinder to control the pressure of the gas flowing into the gas supply pipeline. A gas flow meter is installed in the gas supply pipeline to measure the gas flow rate. The high-pressure gas cylinder is connected to a gas mixer via the gas supply pipeline to mix synthetic biomass gas with air, thereby regulating the composition and flow rate of the gas fuel. The synthetic biomass gas and air are premixed to obtain a mixed gas. The gas mixer is connected to a gas heater to heat the mixed gas. The outlet of the gas heater is connected to a mixed gas input pipeline. The mixed gas input pipeline is connected to mounting holes 237 at both ends of the hot water heater shell and extends into the hot water heater shell to connect to the mixed gas inlet 227. The preheated gas mixture, after being heated by the gas heater, enters the gas mixture inlet 227 from both ends of the hot water boiler shell through the gas mixture inlet pipe via the tee 205, and finally enters the combustion reaction zone 225. The porous media burner, with its good thermal conductivity, makes the temperature in the combustion reaction zone tend to be uniform, maintaining a relatively stable temperature gradient. While ensuring stable combustion, it also has a high volumetric heat intensity. Due to the high volumetric heat intensity, the gas mixture newly entering the combustion reaction zone 225 can be indirectly preheated, thereby achieving cyclic heating at high temperatures and saving gas energy to a certain extent. The gas heater is connected to a temperature controller to effectively control the temperature of the gas mixture, ensuring the minimum heat required for ignition and facilitating the ignition of the gas mixture flowing into the combustion reaction zone 225.

[0030] The flue gas treatment mechanism includes a set of flue gas pipes 221 connected to one end of the hot water boiler shell. The flue gas pipes 221 are connected to a flue gas storage device 242 for storing the flue gas generated after combustion of gas in the porous media burner. This allows the flue gas generated by gas combustion to directly flow into the flue gas storage device 242 along the flue gas pipes 221, effectively separating the flue gas from the combustion mixture and preventing the flue gas from affecting the premixed combustion. The flue gas storage device 242 is connected to a flue gas filter 234 through an exhaust pipe. The flue gas filter 234 reduces the content of harmful substances such as sulfur dioxide in the flue gas during emission, thus playing a role in smoke and dust removal. In this embodiment, the flue gas filter 234 adopts a boiler bag-type dust removal filter. The exhaust duct is connected to the air inlet of the flue gas filter 234, and a valve 210 is installed on the exhaust duct located between the flue gas storage device 242 and the flue gas filter 234. The flue gas enters the flue gas filter 234 directly from the air inlet. During this process, the flue gas passes through the filter bag, which separates the dust and gas in the flue gas. The dust is adsorbed onto the filter bag, and the gas is filtered, decomposed and purified by the filter element before flowing into the clean room and finally discharged from the air outlet. The air outlet of the flue gas filter 234 is connected to an infrared flue gas analyzer 241 for analyzing the composition of the flue gas through the exhaust duct. Since the gas to be measured must first pass through the flue gas filter 234 for dust filtration, the subsequent service life of the infrared flue gas analyzer 241 is extended.

[0031] The flue gas storage device 242 is also connected to a flue gas recovery pipe, which is connected to a second valve 214. The exhaust pipe connected to the tail end of the infrared flue gas analyzer 241 and the flue gas recovery pipe are connected via a tee. The exhaust pipe connected to the other port of the tee is equipped with a third valve 216. When the flue gas detected by the infrared flue gas analyzer 241 does not meet the emission requirements, the second valve 214 is opened and the third valve 216 is closed, allowing the flue gas to re-enter the flue gas storage device 242 from the flue gas recovery pipe for the next filtration process. When the flue gas detected by the infrared flue gas analyzer 241 meets the emission requirements, the second valve 214 is closed and the third valve 216 is opened, allowing the flue gas to be discharged from the exhaust pipe. This not only rationally collects the flue gas produced after the combustion of the mixed gas, but also achieves rational emission of the flue gas through flue gas filtration, thus more effectively improving the pollution problem of exhaust gas.

[0032] The hot water boiler shell is equipped with a thermocouple 213. The nodes of the thermocouple 213 are inserted into the porous medium burner to measure the temperature of the mixed gas in the porous medium 204. Considering that the nodes of the thermocouple 213 will be affected by the convection of the airflow around the porous medium 204 after being inserted into the porous medium burner, this embodiment arranges the thermocouple nodes in an S-shaped protective sleeve so that the porous medium 204 inside the porous medium burner will not directly contact the nodes of the thermocouple 213, thereby further enhancing the convective heat transfer between the airflow and the nodes of the thermocouple 213, and thus extending the service life of the nodes of the thermocouple 213. The hot water boiler shell is equipped with a dedicated measuring instrument that matches the thermocouple 213 to display the temperature measured by the thermocouple 213.

[0033] The working process of the hot water boiler based on the porous media burner of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0034] Step 1: After the preheated gas mixture passes through the three-way valve 205, it enters the gas mixture inlet 227 through the gas mixture inlet pipe and finally flows into the combustion reaction zone 225.

[0035] The second step involves premixing and burning the injected mixed gas in the combustion reaction zone 225, while using thermocouple 213 to measure the current temperature of the porous medium 204. The mixed gas continues to burn, thereby raising the temperature of the porous medium 204 and the furnace liner 215, thus heating the water stored inside the water jacket 217.

[0036] In the third step, the flue gas generated by the combustion of the mixed gas in the combustion reaction zone 225 is dispersed into the furnace 215 through the pores of the porous medium 204, and flows into the flue gas storage tank 242 through the two flue gas pipes 221.

[0037] In the fourth step, the flue gas storage device 242 rationally collects and temporarily stores the flue gas discharged from the burner;

[0038] The fifth step is to open valve 210, and the flue gas flows from flue gas storage 242 to flue gas filter 234, where the flue gas is filtered of dust by flue gas filter 234.

[0039] The sixth step involves analyzing the main components of the filtered and dust-removed flue gas using an infrared flue gas analyzer 241 to determine whether the flue gas meets emission requirements. If the flue gas components meet the emission requirements, valve 216 is opened while valve 214 is closed, allowing the flue gas to pass through the flue gas analyzer 241 and be discharged from the exhaust pipe. If the flue gas components do not meet the emission requirements, valve 214 is opened while valve 216 is closed, allowing the flue gas to re-enter the flue gas storage tank through the flue gas recovery pipe via the inlet located on the side of the flue gas storage tank, awaiting the next filtration process.

Claims

1. A hot water boiler based on a porous medium burner, characterized in that, The hot water stove shell comprises a stove shell, a stove shell, an outer side of the stove shell is provided with a water jacket (217) for storing water, and a hollow cylindrical porous medium burner is fixedly installed in the inside of the stove shell (215). The inner cavity of the porous medium burner comprises a combustion reaction zone (225), both ends of the combustion reaction zone (225) are provided with anti-backfire areas (263), both ends of the porous medium burner are provided with mixed gas inlets (227), the mixed gas inlets (227) are connected with mixed gas input pipelines, one end of the mixed gas input pipeline extends out of the hot water stove shell and is connected with a gas fuel supply device. The inner cavity of the porous medium burner is provided with an ignition device (209), the mixed gas in the gas fuel supply device flows into the combustion reaction zone (225) from the mixed gas input pipeline and is ignited by the ignition device (209), the heat generated by the combustion of the mixed gas heats the water in the water jacket (217), and the flue gas is discharged from the combustion reaction zone (225) through the pores of the porous medium (204) of the porous medium burner and is discharged into a flue gas treatment mechanism connected with the hot water stove shell.

2. The porous media burner based hot water boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flue gas treatment mechanism comprises a flue gas pipeline (221) connected with the hot water stove shell, a flue gas storage device (242) for storing the flue gas generated after combustion, a flue gas filter (234) connected with the flue gas storage device (242) through a flue gas discharge pipeline, and an infrared flue gas analyzer (241) for analyzing the components of the flue gas connected with the air outlet of the flue gas filter (234) through the flue gas discharge pipeline. The flue gas storage device (242) is connected with a flue gas recovery pipeline, the flue gas recovery pipeline is provided with a second valve (214), the flue gas discharge pipeline connected with the tail end of the infrared flue gas analyzer (241) is connected with the flue gas recovery pipeline through a tee joint, the flue gas discharge pipeline connected with the other interface of the tee joint is provided with a third valve (216), when the infrared flue gas analyzer (241) detects that the flue gas does not meet the emission requirements, the second valve (214) is opened and the third valve (216) is closed, so that the flue gas reenters the flue gas storage device (242) from the flue gas recovery pipeline; when the infrared flue gas analyzer (241) detects that the flue gas meets the emission requirements, the second valve (214) is closed and the third valve (216) is opened, so that the flue gas is discharged from the flue gas discharge pipeline.

3. The porous media burner based hot water boiler according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The gas fuel supply device comprises a high-pressure gas cylinder for storing gas fuel, the high-pressure gas cylinder is connected with a gas mixer for mixing artificial synthetic biomass gas with air to form mixed gas through a gas supply pipeline, the gas mixer is connected with a gas heater for heating the mixed gas, and the gas outlet of the gas heater is connected with the mixed gas input pipeline to input the pre-mixed and heated mixed gas into the combustion reaction zone (225) of the porous medium burner.

4. The porous media burner based hot water boiler according to claim 3, characterized in that, The gas heater is connected with a temperature controller.

5. The porous media burner based hot water boiler according to claim 3, wherein, Both ends of the hot water stove shell are respectively connected with mounting holes (237), the mixed gas input pipeline is fixedly inserted into the mounting holes (237) to be fixedly connected with the hot water stove shell.

6. The porous media burner based hot water boiler according to claim 3, wherein, The anti-backfire area (263) is a conical structure, and the diameter of the end close to the combustion reaction area (225) is larger than the diameter of the end close to the mixed gas inlet (227).

7. The porous media burner based hot water boiler according to claim 6, characterized in that, The anti-backfire area (263) is filled with high-temperature ceramic fiber.

8. The porous media burner based hot water boiler according to claim 2, wherein, The hot water furnace shell is provided with a thermocouple (213), the node of the thermocouple (213) is inserted into the porous medium burner, and the outside of the hot water furnace shell is provided with a special measuring instrument for displaying the temperature measured by the thermocouple (213).

9. The porous media burner based hot water boiler according to claim 8, characterized in that, An S-shaped protective sleeve is sleeved on the node of the thermocouple (213).

10. The porous media burner based hot water boiler according to claim 2, wherein A first valve (210) is arranged on the flue gas pipeline between the flue gas storage device (242) and the flue gas filter (234).

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