A welding-free metal hydride hydrogen storage device and a manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of hydrogen storage technology in the field of hydrogen energy, and in particular to a non-welded metal hydride hydrogen storage device and a manufacturing method thereof. The device includes a tank body, a gas valve, a filter element, a tank body head, a porous stainless steel flow guide material, a hydrogen storage module and a supporting structure. The tank body includes a tube body, and the tube body is sent to the pier forming system by the manipulator on the shear head of the bimetallic composite contact pier press by an aluminum rod for two piers. The first pier press keeps the bimetallic wire segment coaxial, and the second pier press forms the aluminum rod into an integrally formed coverless cylinder; the top end of the tank body adopts a forward rotary wheel hot spinning closing process to obtain a semi-elliptical head, and then the semi-elliptical head is thickened and spun, and finally a circular hole forming spinning, surface flattening spinning and thread processing are performed, and the tank body head is connected to the gas valve in the form of a threaded connector. The device of the present invention has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, and has good heat and mass transfer effects, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of hydrogen storage technology in the field of hydrogen energy, and in particular to a welding-free metal hydride hydrogen storage device and a manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of human civilization, the demand for fossil energy such as oil and natural gas is increasing, but the unlimited development of such non-renewable energy will inevitably lead to the aggravation of environmental problems. Therefore, it is urgent to accelerate the change of the current energy structure. Hydrogen, as a clean and inexhaustible important secondary energy, has a high calorific value. The heat generated by the combustion of each gram of hydrogen is about three times that of No. 90 gasoline. The combustion product of hydrogen is water, which truly achieves zero emissions. Hydrogen, which uses hydrogen as an energy carrier, is rich in sources, green and low-carbon, and is an ideal medium to support the large-scale development of renewable energy, and is increasingly attracting people's attention.

[0003] Hydrogen usually exists in the form of gas at normal temperature and pressure, which is flammable and explosive. Therefore, safe and efficient hydrogen storage and transportation methods have become an urgent problem to be solved for the efficient application of hydrogen energy. At present, there are three main ways to store and transport hydrogen, namely low-temperature liquid hydrogen storage, high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage and metal hydride hydrogen storage. Among them, the main disadvantages of liquid hydrogen storage are that the safety is not stable enough and the liquid is easy to evaporate and lose, and the application cost is high; gaseous hydrogen storage has certain risks during transportation and use, and the container for storing gas is large. Compared with the first two hydrogen storage methods, hydride hydrogen storage technology can safely store hydrogen in alloys under conditions close to normal pressure. It has low working pressure, good safety, high volume hydrogen storage density, high hydrogen release purity, and can be stored for a long period of time. Therefore, metal hydride hydrogen storage is considered to be a very promising hydrogen storage method.

[0004] At the same time, the alloy powder expands in volume after absorbing hydrogen, causing irreparable damage to the metal hydride tank. If the welding process is used to connect the tube body, tank bottom, and tank mouth, its excellent sealing and safety cannot be guaranteed, and the high temperature of welding after filling is easy to cause the alloy powder to oxidize; metal hydrides will generate a large amount of heat when absorbing hydrogen and need to absorb a large amount of heat from the inside of the device when releasing hydrogen. If the device cannot dissipate the heat in time or provide the metal hydride with sufficient heat, the hydrogen absorption and desorption rate will not meet the use requirements of the device; in addition, the metal powder will continue to pulverize after multiple cycles of hydrogen absorption and desorption, and sink to certain corners of the tank body to gather and compact, resulting in a decrease in heat and mass transfer performance, affecting the hydrogen absorption and desorption rate of the hydrogen storage device; from the perspective of industrial production, the metal hydride hydrogen storage device needs to ensure the simplicity of the internal structure while meeting the requirements of safe and efficient hydrogen storage, so as to simplify the production process steps and reduce production costs. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a welding-free metal hydride hydrogen storage device and a manufacturing method thereof, which has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, has good heat and mass transfer effects and is strong in stress resistance.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0007] A non-welded metal hydride hydrogen storage device includes an integrally formed tank body, a gas valve, a filter element, a tank body head, a porous stainless steel flow guide material, a tank bottom, a hydrogen storage module and a supporting structure. The specific structure is as follows:

[0008] The tank body includes a tube body, which is made of an aluminum rod and sent to a pier forming system through a manipulator on the shear head of a bimetallic composite contact pier press for two pier pressings: the first pier pressing keeps the bimetallic wire segments coaxial and performs preliminary pressing, and the second pier pressing forms the aluminum rod to stretch it into an integrally formed coverless cylinder;

[0009] The hydrogen storage modules are filled in the tank body, and the mixture of hydrogen storage alloy powder and expanded graphite is filled in the hydrogen storage modules. Any two adjacent hydrogen storage modules are tightly fitted, the hydrogen storage modules adjacent to the tank body head are gap-matched with the tank body head, and the porous stainless steel guide material runs through the hydrogen storage modules;

[0010] The top end of the tank body adopts the forward rotary hot spinning process, heats the tube body closing section to 1000-1100°C, performs 5-6 semi-elliptical forward spinning sealing on the tube body closing section to form a semi-elliptical head, and then performs 3-5 thickening spinning on the semi-elliptical head to form a circular hole at the center of the semi-elliptical head, and finally performs circular hole forming spinning, surface flattening spinning and thread processing to complete the production of the tank head. The tank head is connected to the gas valve in the form of a threaded connector, and the entire tank body is a seamless tank without welding process;

[0011] Before the tank body is closed, heat transfer powder is filled at the bottom of the tank, and a support structure is installed inside the tank body; the gas valve is fixedly connected to the filter element, the gas valve is located outside the tank body, and the filter element is located inside the tank body head of the tank body.

[0012] The non-welded metal hydride hydrogen storage device has a raw material aluminum rod diameter of 50-85 mm and a height of 350 mm-1600 mm. After piercing and stretching, the curvature radius of the protruding corner on the inner side of the tank bottom is 3-6 mm.

[0013] In the weld-free metal hydride hydrogen storage device, the relationship between the heating length L of the tube body closing section and the outer diameter Φ of the tube body is: L=Φ+(50-100mm), the wall thickness of the tube body is 3mm-5mm, and the outer diameter of the tube body is 30-90mm; after the top of the tank body is closed by spinning, the diameter of the tank head is 18-30mm; wherein, the rotary wheel angle α corresponding to the first sealing spinning is 40-50°, and the rotary wheel angle α corresponding to the subsequent sealing spinning increases by 5-8° successively, and the rotary wheel angle α of the last sealing spinning increases by 2-4° compared with the previous time.

[0014] In the weld-free metal hydride hydrogen storage device, the porous stainless steel guide material is placed at the central axis inside the tank body, the gas valve on the top of the filter element is screwed to the tank head, and one end of the filter element is inserted into the porous stainless steel guide material inside the tank body.

[0015] In the described non-welded metal hydride hydrogen storage device, the hydrogen storage modules are all filled in the tank body, and the hydrogen storage alloy powder and the expanded graphite mixture are filled in the described hydrogen storage modules, any two adjacent hydrogen storage modules are tightly fitted, the hydrogen storage module adjacent to the tank body head is gap-matched with the tank body head, and the porous stainless steel guide material runs through the hydrogen storage module.

[0016] The described non-welded metal hydride hydrogen storage device, the hydrogen storage module includes heat transfer fins, hydrogen storage alloy powder and expanded graphite mixture, the heat transfer fins are arranged parallel to each other on the inner wall of the tube body, a through hole is opened in the center of each heat transfer fin, and the outer periphery of the through hole is evenly distributed with filling holes, and the hydrogen storage alloy powder and expanded graphite mixture is filled into the tank body from the tank head. In this process, the mixture sinks from the filling holes on the heat transfer fins to the bottom of the tank and is filled layer by layer; the porous stainless steel guide material passes through the heat transfer fins through the through holes, and the gap between the heat transfer fins and the inner wall of the tube body is coated with a thermal conductivity strengthening material.

[0017] The weld-free metal hydride hydrogen storage device has a heat transfer fin made of copper sheet, the thickness of the heat transfer fin is 0.6mm-1.2mm, the heat transfer fin is provided with filler holes and through holes, the filler holes are evenly distributed along the periphery of the heat transfer fin, and the diameter of the filler holes is 3mm-6mm; the porous stainless steel guide material is columnar and penetrates the through hole, and the diameter of the through hole is 6-12mm.

[0018] The hydrogen storage alloy powder of the non-welded metal hydride hydrogen storage device is a titanium AB2 type hydrogen storage alloy or a rare earth AB5 type hydrogen storage alloy, and the particle size range of the hydrogen storage alloy powder is 0.2 mm to 1.2 mm.

[0019] The filter element of the non-welded metal hydride hydrogen storage device is a metal tubular structure processed by powder metallurgy, the diameter of the filter element is 5mm-8mm, and the porosity of the filter element is 1μm-6μm.

[0020] The method for manufacturing the non-welding metal hydride hydrogen storage device is as follows: the aluminum rod is processed into a suitable length, placed on a bimetallic composite contact pier press, and respectively sent to a pier pressing system by a manipulator on a shearing head for two pier pressings. The first pier pressing keeps the bimetallic wire segment coaxial and performs preliminary pressing. The second pier pressing forms the aluminum rod to stretch it into a coverless cylinder. The tube body and the tank bottom are integrally formed. The tank bottom is filled with heat transfer powder, and heat transfer fins and a porous stainless steel guide material support structure are installed. The heat transfer strengthening material is coated at the gap between the heat transfer fins and the inner wall of the tube body to ensure rapid heat conduction between the heat transfer fins and the tank body. The top end of the tank body is made of The tube body end section is heated to 1000-1100°C by using a forward rotary wheel hot spinning process, and the tube body end section is subjected to 5-6 semi-elliptical forward spinning to obtain a semi-elliptical head. The semi-elliptical head is then subjected to 3-5 thickening spinnings, and finally circular hole forming spinning, surface flattening spinning and thread processing are performed. The manufacturing process of the tank head is completed, and then the tank body is cleaned and subjected to pressure holding tests. The tank body is completed. The gas valve is fixedly connected to the filter element with a threaded connector between the two. The gas valve is screwed to the tank head through the threaded connector. The valve is installed, and the metal hydride hydrogen storage device is completed.

[0021] The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] 1. The present invention places an aluminum rod of a suitable length on a bimetallic composite contact press machine, and the rod is sent to a press forming system by a manipulator on a shearing head for two presses. In the first press, the bimetallic wire segments are kept coaxial for preliminary pressing. In the second press, the aluminum rod is stretched into a coverless cylinder, and heat transfer fins with a support structure are filled into the cylinder. The top end of the tank body is closed by a forward rotary wheel hot spinning process and a CNC spinning method. The entire tank body is formed in one piece without welding, thereby simplifying the manufacturing process steps of the tank body and avoiding oxidation of the hydrogen storage alloy powder caused by high-temperature welding after filling.

[0023] 2. In the present invention, one end of the filter element is fixedly connected to the gas valve, and the other end is inserted into a porous stainless steel guide material, and the porous stainless steel guide material runs through the interior of the tank body. This can not only avoid the long-distance filter element being squeezed and broken by the alloy during heat and mass transfer, resulting in the hydrogen storage alloy powder flowing out with the airflow during hydrogen release, affecting the hydrogen storage performance, but also achieve the effect of promoting the transfer of hydrogen to the bottom of the tank. In addition, the porous stainless steel guide material is relatively cheap, which can reduce the process cost.

[0024] 3. The present invention applies the thermal conductivity strengthening material to the gap between the cylinder wall and the fins, and fills the heat transfer powder before filling the alloy powder and the expanded graphite mixture. In this way, the thermal conductivity strengthening material and the heat transfer powder can serve as a good medium to improve the heat and mass transfer performance between the inner wall of the tube body, the heat transfer fins, the alloy powder and the expanded graphite mixture, so that the absorption and desorption rate of the alloy powder is accelerated, and the absorption and desorption task of hydrogen is completed in a short time. The thermal conductivity strengthening material can be composed of methyl silicone rubber, aluminum nitride, zinc oxide, tetraethyl orthosilicate, silicone oil, chloroplatinic acid complex, etc., which can greatly improve the heat transfer performance without poisoning the hydrogen storage material.

[0025] 4. The present invention loads the metal hydride powder into the hydrogen storage module in sections, which can absorb the stress caused by the expansion of the hydrogen storage material due to hydrogen absorption, avoids the stress applied to the tank body by the expansion of the hydrogen storage material due to hydrogen absorption, and avoids the damage to the tank body of the metal hydride hydrogen storage device caused by the self-compacting effect of multiple absorption and desorption of hydrogen, thereby improving the safety of the metal hydride hydrogen storage device; the volume of the hydrogen storage alloy powder will increase by about 30% after the hydrogen storage alloy powder expands due to hydrogen absorption, and the added expanded graphite has a small mass and volume, which can save some volume space for the hydrogen storage alloy powder after expansion.

[0026] 5. The metal hydride hydrogen storage device of the present invention has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, and has good heat and mass transfer effects, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the metal hydride hydrogen storage device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A is an enlarged view of the middle image.

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of B.

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat transfer fins in the present invention.

[0032] In the figure, 1. gas valve; 2. pipe body; 3. filter element; 4. tank head; 5. threaded connector; 6. heat transfer fins; 7. mixture of hydrogen storage alloy powder and expanded graphite; 8. porous stainless steel flow guide material; 9. thermal conductivity strengthening material; 10. packing holes; 11. through hole; 12. tank bottom; 13. tank body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the present invention proposes a non-welded metal hydride hydrogen storage device, including an integrally formed tank body 13, a gas valve 1, a filter element 3, a tank body head 4, a porous stainless steel guide material 8, a tank bottom 12, a plurality of hydrogen storage modules and a supporting structure, and the specific structure is as follows:

[0035] The tank body 13 includes a tube body 2, which is sent from an aluminum rod to a forming system through a manipulator on the shear head of a bimetallic composite contact forming machine for two stages of forming: the first stage of forming keeps the bimetallic wire segments coaxial and performs preliminary pressing; the second stage of forming forming stretches the aluminum rod into an integrally formed coverless cylinder.

[0036] The top end of the tank body 13 adopts a forward rotary hot spinning process, the closing section at the top of the tube body 2 is heated to 1000-1100°C, the closing section of the tube body 2 is sealed by 5-6 semi-elliptical forward spinning, a semi-elliptical head is formed, and then the semi-elliptical head is thickened and spun 3-5 times to form a circular hole in the center of the semi-elliptical head, and finally the circular hole forming spinning, surface flattening spinning and thread processing are performed to complete the production of the tank head 4, the tank head 4 is connected to the gas valve 1 in the form of a threaded connector, and the entire tank body 13 is a seamless tank without welding process.

[0037] Furthermore, the raw material aluminum rod of the tube body 2 has a diameter of 50 to 85 mm, and a height of 350 to 1600 mm. After piercing and stretching, the curvature radius of the protruding corner of the tank bottom 12 is 3 to 6 mm, the wall thickness of the tube body 2 is 3 to 5 mm, and the outer diameter of the tube body 2 is 30 to 90 mm. Before the tank body 13 is closed, it is necessary to fill the tank bottom 12 with some heat transfer powder (such as graphite powder or alumina, etc.), and install a supporting structure inside the tank body 13. After the closing is completed, the circular hole is threaded, and then cleaning and pressure holding experiments are carried out, and the tank body 13 is completed. The gas valve 1 is fixedly connected to the filter element 3, and there is a threaded connector 5 between the two. The gas valve 1 is screwed to the tank body head 4 through the threaded connector 5. The gas valve 1 is installed, and the metal hydride hydrogen storage device is completed.

[0038] Furthermore, the relationship between the heating length L of the closing section of the tube body 2 and the outer diameter Φ of the tube body 2 is: L=Φ+(50~100mm), the wall thickness of the tube body 2 is 3mm~5mm, and the outer diameter of the tube body 2 is 30~90mm; after the top of the tank body 13 is closed by CNC spinning, the diameter of the tank head 4 is 18~30mm; wherein, the wheel angle α corresponding to the first sealing spinning is 40~50°, and the wheel angle α corresponding to the subsequent sealing spinning increases by 5~8° successively, and the wheel angle α of the last sealing spinning is only increased by 2~4° compared with the previous time.

[0039] Furthermore, the gas valve 1 is fixedly connected to the filter element 3, the gas valve 1 is located outside the tank body 13, and the filter element 3 is located inside the tank head 4 of the tank body 13; the porous stainless steel guide material 8 is placed at the central axis inside the tank body 13, the gas valve 1 on the top of the filter element 3 is screwed to the tank head 4, and one end of the filter element 3 is inserted into the porous stainless steel guide material 8 inside the tank body 13. The porous stainless steel guide material 8 can be 304 stainless steel or 316 stainless steel, etc.

[0040] Furthermore, several of the hydrogen storage modules are filled in the tank body 13, and the hydrogen storage alloy powder and expanded graphite mixture 7 are filled in the hydrogen storage modules, any two adjacent hydrogen storage modules are tightly fitted, the hydrogen storage modules adjacent to the tank head 4 are gap-matched with the tank head 4, and the porous stainless steel guide material 8 runs through several hydrogen storage modules.

[0041] Furthermore, the hydrogen storage module includes heat transfer fins 6, a hydrogen storage alloy powder and an expanded graphite mixture 7, the heat transfer fins 6 are arranged parallel to each other on the inner wall of the tube body 2, a through hole 11 is opened in the center of each heat transfer fin 6, and a filling hole 10 is evenly distributed on the periphery of the through hole 11, and the hydrogen storage alloy powder and the expanded graphite mixture 7 are filled into the interior from the tank head 4. In this process, the hydrogen storage alloy powder and the expanded graphite mixture 7 are doped with a heat conductive strengthening material 9 to improve the heat transfer performance, and the hydrogen storage alloy powder and the expanded graphite mixture 7 are filled into the tank head 4 from the filling hole 10 on the heat transfer fin 6. 0 sinks to the tank bottom 12 and fills up layer by layer; the porous stainless steel flow-conducting material 8 penetrates the heat transfer fins 6 through the through holes 11. Although the diameter of the heat transfer fins 6 is adapted to the inner diameter of the tank body 13, the production process cannot ensure that each heat transfer fin 6 is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the tube body 2. Therefore, the gap between the heat transfer fins 6 and the inner wall of the tube body 2 needs to be coated with a heat conductive strengthening material 9 to ensure rapid heat conduction between the heat transfer fins 6 and the tank body 13, thereby increasing the rate of hydrogen absorption and desorption of the metal hydride hydrogen storage device, improving the heat transfer performance and playing the role of fixing the heat transfer fins 6.

[0042] Calculated by weight, the thermal conductive strengthening material 9 can be formed by uniformly mixing 6-7 parts of methyl silicone rubber, 60-70 parts of aluminum nitride, 20-30 parts of zinc oxide, 0.3-0.5 parts of tetraethyl orthosilicate, 25-30 parts of silicone oil, and 0.01-0.02 parts of chloroplatinic acid complex, which can greatly improve the heat transfer performance without poisoning the hydrogen storage material.

[0043] Furthermore, the heat transfer fin 6 is a copper sheet, the thickness of the heat transfer fin is 0.6mm-1.2mm, and the heat transfer fin 6 is provided with filler holes 10 and through holes 11. Several filler holes 10 are evenly distributed along the periphery of the heat transfer fin 6, and the diameter of the filler holes 10 is 3mm-6mm; the porous stainless steel flow guide material 8 is columnar and penetrates the through hole 11, and the diameter of the through hole is 6-12mm. The heat transfer fin 6 can effectively improve the heat transfer efficiency inside the metal hydride hydrogen storage device, thereby improving the hydrogen absorption and desorption rate and the use efficiency of the metal hydride hydrogen storage device. Since the filler before sealing will cause the hydrogen storage alloy powder and the expanded graphite mixture 7 to oxidize, a number of filler holes 10 are opened on the heat transfer fin 6, which can not only be used for filling the metal hydride hydrogen storage device after closing, but also can improve the efficiency of hydrogen transfer.

[0044] Furthermore, the hydrogen storage alloy powder is a titanium AB2 type hydrogen storage alloy or a rare earth AB5 type hydrogen storage alloy, and the particle size of the hydrogen storage alloy powder ranges from 0.2 mm to 1.2 mm. In terms of mass percentage, the composition of the hydrogen storage alloy powder and expanded graphite mixture 7 is as follows: the mass percentage of expanded graphite is 1 to 7 wt.%, and the balance is hydrogen storage alloy powder.

[0045] Furthermore, the filter element 3 is a metal tubular structure processed by powder metallurgy, the diameter of the filter element 3 is 5mm to 8mm, and the porosity of the filter element 3 is 1μm to 6μm. The filter element 3 is a metal filter element, which can quickly input and output hydrogen, but the long-distance filter element penetrating the tank body is easily broken by the expansion and extrusion of the alloy, resulting in the hydrogen storage alloy powder flowing out with the air flow during hydrogen release, affecting the hydrogen storage performance. Therefore, the short-distance filter element 3 is designed to be fixed to the gas valve 1 at one end and the porous stainless steel guide material 8 is inserted at the other end. This can not only promote the transfer of hydrogen to the bottom of the tank, but also reduce the possibility of the filter element 3 breaking. The porous stainless steel guide material is relatively cheap, which can reduce the process cost.

[0046] Furthermore, the manufacturing method of the metal hydride hydrogen storage device in the present invention is:

[0047] The aluminum rod is processed into a suitable length and placed on the bimetallic composite contact press. The manipulator on the shear head sends it to the press forming system for two presses. The first press keeps the bimetallic wire segment coaxial and performs preliminary pressing. The second press forms the aluminum rod into a coverless cylinder. The tube body 2 and the tank bottom 12 are formed as one piece. The tank bottom 12 is filled with heat transfer powder and supported by heat transfer fins 6 and porous stainless steel guide materials 8. The gap between the heat transfer fins 6 and the inner wall of the tube body 2 is coated with a heat conductive strengthening material to ensure that the heat transfer fins 6 and the tank body 13 are in contact with each other. Heat is quickly conducted; the top end of the tank body 13 adopts a forward rotary hot spinning process, the tube body 2 closing section is heated to 1000-1100°C, the tube body 2 closing section is subjected to 5-6 semi-elliptical forward spinning to obtain a semi-elliptical head, and then the semi-elliptical head is subjected to 3-5 thickening spinning, and finally the round hole forming spinning, surface flat spinning and thread processing are performed, and the manufacturing process of the tank head 4 is completed, and then the tank body 13 is cleaned and pressure-maintained. The tank body 13 is manufactured, and the entire tank body 13 is a seamless tank without welding process. The gas valve 1 is fixedly connected to the filter element 3, and there is a threaded connector 5 between the two. The gas valve 1 is screwed to the tank head 4 through the threaded connector 5, the valve is installed, and the metal hydride hydrogen storage device is manufactured.

[0048] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] Embodiment 1:

[0050] In this embodiment, the total length of the tank body is 40 mm, the material of the tube body 2 is 316L stainless steel, the outer diameter of the tube body 2 is 35 mm, the wall thickness of the tube body 2 is 4 mm, the heating length of the tube body 2 closing section is 95 mm, the tube body 2 closing section is heated to 1050° C., the thickness of the tank bottom 12 is 3 mm, the curvature radius of the protruding corner of the tank bottom 12 on the inner side of the tank is 2 mm, and the diameter of the tank head 4 is 20 mm;

[0051] The filter element 3 is made of sintered metal powder, the porosity of the filter element 3 is 1-5 μm, the outer diameter of the filter element 3 is 5 mm, the wall thickness of the filter element 3 is 0.8 mm, and the length of the filter element 3 is 250 mm;

[0052] The heat transfer fin 6 is made of copper, the outer diameter of the heat transfer fin 6 is 38 mm, the thickness of the heat transfer fin 6 is 0.6 mm, and 5 filler holes 10 are opened on the heat transfer fin 6, and the diameter of the filler holes 10 is 3 mm;

[0053] Hydrogen storage alloy powder is Ti0.85 Zr 0.15 CrMn 0.2 V 0.1 Fe 0.7 The mass contents of each component are: Ti (25.19%), Zr (8.47%), Cr (32.19%), Mn (6.80%), V (3.15%), Fe (24.20%). The alloy can be fully activated after three cycles of hydrogen absorption and desorption, and the hydrogen storage capacity reaches 1.69wt%. The particle size range of the hydrogen storage alloy powder is 0.2mm~1.2mm, and the total filling mass of the hydrogen storage alloy powder is 0.81kg. The hydrogen storage alloy powder is mixed with 0.03kg of expanded graphite.

[0054] The metal hydride hydrogen storage device of this embodiment is used to test the hydrogen absorption and desorption performance. The maximum strain value of the tank wall during the hydrogen absorption process of the metal hydride hydrogen storage device is 10% of the maximum design value that the metal hydride hydrogen storage device can withstand, indicating that the metal hydride hydrogen storage device has high safety. In the test of the hydrogen absorption process, the metal hydride hydrogen storage device can charge the metal hydride hydrogen storage device in a vacuum state with hydrogen up to 90% of the maximum hydrogen absorption capacity of the tank within 20 minutes; the metal hydride hydrogen storage device after hydrogen absorption can stably release hydrogen for 140 minutes at a hydrogen release rate of 1L / min, indicating that the metal hydride hydrogen storage device has good heat and mass transfer performance, thereby ensuring that the metal hydride hydrogen storage device has faster hydrogen absorption and desorption performance.

[0055] Embodiment 2:

[0056] In this embodiment, the total length of the tank body is 700 mm, the material of the tube body 2 is 316L stainless steel, the outer diameter of the tube body 2 is 55 mm, the wall thickness of the tube body 2 is 5 mm, the heating length of the tube body 2 closing section is 115 mm, the tube body 2 closing section is heated to 1100° C., the thickness of the tank bottom 12 is 5 mm, the curvature radius of the protruding corner of the tank bottom 12 on the inner side of the tank is 4 mm, and the diameter of the tank head 4 is 26 mm;

[0057] The filter element 3 is made of sintered metal powder, the porosity of the filter element 3 is 1-5 μm, the outer diameter of the filter element 3 is 7 mm, the wall thickness of the filter element 3 is 1 mm, and the length of the filter element 3 is 300 mm;

[0058] The heat transfer fin 6 is made of copper, the outer diameter of the heat transfer fin 6 is 46 mm, the thickness of the heat transfer fin 6 is 0.8 mm, and 5 filler holes 10 are opened on the heat transfer fin 6, and the diameter of the filler holes 10 is 4 mm;

[0059] The hydrogen storage alloy powder is LaNi5 hydrogen storage alloy powder, and the mass contents of the main components are: La (21.01%), Ce (10.60%), Ni (59.93%), Co (6.75%), and Mn (1.71%). The alloy can be fully activated after 3 to 4 cycles of hydrogen absorption and desorption, and the hydrogen storage capacity is 1.48wt%. The particle size range of the hydrogen storage alloy powder is 0.2mm to 1.2mm, and the total filling mass of the hydrogen storage alloy powder is 3.05kg. The hydrogen storage alloy powder is mixed with 0.09kg of expanded graphite.

[0060] The metal hydride hydrogen storage device of this embodiment is used to test the hydrogen absorption and desorption performance. The maximum strain value of the tank wall during the hydrogen absorption process of the metal hydride hydrogen storage device is 9.2% of the maximum design value that the metal hydride hydrogen storage device can withstand, indicating that the metal hydride hydrogen storage device has high safety. In the test of the hydrogen absorption process, the metal hydride hydrogen storage device can charge the metal hydride hydrogen storage device in a vacuum state with hydrogen up to 90% of the maximum hydrogen absorption capacity of the tank within 18 minutes; the metal hydride hydrogen storage device after hydrogen absorption can stably release hydrogen for 515 minutes at a hydrogen release rate of 1L / min, indicating that the metal hydride hydrogen storage device has good heat and mass transfer performance, thereby ensuring that the metal hydride hydrogen storage device has faster hydrogen absorption and desorption performance.

[0061] The implementation results show that the metal hydride hydrogen storage device of the present invention has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, and has good heat and mass transfer effects, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.

[0062] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0063] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A welding-free metal hydride hydrogen storage device, characterized in that: It comprises an integrally formed tank body (13), a gas valve (1), a filter element (3), a tank body cover (4), a porous stainless steel flow guide material (8), a tank bottom (12), a hydrogen storage module and a supporting structure, and the specific structure is as follows: The tank body (13) comprises a tube body (2), which is made of an aluminum rod and sent to a forming system through a manipulator on a shearing head of a bimetallic composite contact forming machine for two forming steps: the first forming step keeps the bimetallic wire segments coaxial and performs preliminary pressing, and the second forming step stretches the aluminum rod into an integrally formed cylinder without a cover; The hydrogen storage modules are filled in the tank body (13), and the hydrogen storage alloy powder and expanded graphite mixture (7) are filled in the hydrogen storage modules, any two adjacent hydrogen storage modules are tightly fitted, the hydrogen storage modules adjacent to the tank body head (4) are gap-matched with the tank body head (4), and the porous stainless steel guide material (8) runs through the hydrogen storage modules; The top end of the tank body (13) is sealed by a forward hot spinning process, the sealing section of the tube body (2) is heated to 1000-1100°C, the sealing section of the tube body (2) is sealed by 5-6 semi-elliptical forward spinning processes to form a semi-elliptical head, and the semi-elliptical head is then thickened and spun 3-5 times to form a circular hole at the center of the semi-elliptical head. Finally, the circular hole forming spinning, surface flattening spinning and thread processing are performed to complete the production of the tank body head (4). The tank body head (4) is connected to the gas valve in the form of a threaded connector, and the entire tank body (13) is a seamless tank without welding process. Before the tank body (13) is closed, heat transfer powder is filled in the tank bottom (12), and a support structure is installed inside the tank body (13); the gas valve (1) is fixedly connected to the filter element (3), the gas valve (1) is located outside the tank body (13), and the filter element (3) is located inside the tank body head (4) of the tank body (13).

2. The weld-free metal hydride hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw material aluminum rod of the tube body (2) has a diameter of 50-85 mm and a height of 350-1600 mm. After being formed by piercing and stretching, the curvature radius of the protruding corner of the tank bottom (12) on the inner side of the tank is 3-6 mm.

3. The weld-free metal hydride hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The relationship between the heating length L of the closing section of the tube body (2) and the outer diameter Φ of the tube body (2) is: L = Φ + (50-100 mm), the wall thickness of the tube body (2) is 3 mm-5 mm, and the outer diameter of the tube body (2) is 30-90 mm; after the top of the tank body (13) is closed by spinning, the diameter of the tank body head (4) is 18-30 mm; wherein, the first sealing spinning corresponding to the wheel rotation angle α is 40-50°, and the subsequent sealing spinning corresponding to the wheel rotation angle α increases by 5-8° successively, and the wheel rotation angle α of the last sealing spinning increases by 2-4° compared with the previous one.

4. The weld-free metal hydride hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The porous stainless steel flow-guiding material (8) is placed at the central axis of the tank body (13), the gas valve (1) on the top of the filter element (3) is screwed to the tank body cover (4), and one end of the filter element (3) is inserted into the porous stainless steel flow-guiding material (8) inside the tank body (13).

5. The weld-free metal hydride hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen storage modules are filled in the tank body (13), and the hydrogen storage alloy powder and expanded graphite mixture (7) are filled in the hydrogen storage modules. Any two adjacent hydrogen storage modules are tightly fitted, the hydrogen storage modules adjacent to the tank body cover (4) are gap-matched with the tank body cover (4), and the porous stainless steel guide material (8) runs through the hydrogen storage modules.

6. The weld-free metal hydride hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen storage module comprises heat transfer fins (6), a mixture of hydrogen storage alloy powder and expanded graphite (7), the heat transfer fins (6) are arranged parallel to each other on the inner wall of a tube body (2), a through hole (11) is opened at the center of each heat transfer fin (6), and filler holes (10) are evenly distributed on the periphery of the through hole (11). The hydrogen storage alloy powder and expanded graphite mixture (7) are filled into the interior through a tank head (4), and in this process, the mixture sinks from the filler holes (10) on the heat transfer fins (6) to the tank bottom (12) and is filled layer by layer; a porous stainless steel flow-guiding material (8) passes through the heat transfer fins (6) through the through holes (11), and a thermal conductivity strengthening material (9) is coated at the gap between the heat transfer fins (6) and the inner wall of the tube body (2).

7. The weld-free metal hydride hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat transfer fin (6) is a copper sheet, the thickness of the heat transfer fin is 0.6 mm to 1.2 mm, the heat transfer fin (6) is provided with filler holes (10) and through holes (11), the filler holes (10) are evenly distributed along the periphery of the heat transfer fin (6), and the diameter of the filler holes (10) is 3 mm to 6 mm; the porous stainless steel flow-guiding material (8) is columnar and penetrates the through hole (11), and the diameter of the through hole (11) is 6 to 12 mm.

8. The weld-free metal hydride hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen storage alloy powder is a titanium-based AB2-type hydrogen storage alloy or a rare earth-based AB5-type hydrogen storage alloy, and the particle size of the hydrogen storage alloy powder ranges from 0.2 mm to 1.2 mm.

9. The weld-free metal hydride hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter element (3) is a metal tubular structure processed by powder metallurgy. The diameter of the filter element (3) is 5 mm to 8 mm, and the porosity of the filter element (3) is 1 μm to 6 μm.

10. A method for manufacturing a welding-free metal hydride hydrogen storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The aluminum rod is processed into a suitable length and placed on the bimetallic composite contact press. It is sent to the press forming system by the manipulator on the shear head for two presses. The first press keeps the bimetallic wire segments coaxial and performs preliminary pressing. The second press forms the aluminum rod into a coverless cylinder. The tube body and the tank bottom are formed in one piece. The tank bottom is filled with heat transfer powder and heat transfer fins and porous stainless steel guide material support structures are installed. The gap between the heat transfer fins and the inner wall of the tube body is coated with heat conductive strengthening material to ensure rapid heat conduction between the heat transfer fins and the tank body. The top end of the tank body adopts the positive rotary wheel hot spinning closing process. The tube body closing section is heated to 1000-1100℃, and the tube body closing section is closed by semi-elliptical forward spinning for 5-6 times to obtain a semi-elliptical head, and then the semi-elliptical head is thickened and spun for 3-5 times, and finally the round hole forming spinning, surface flattening spinning and thread processing are carried out, and the manufacturing process of the tank head is completed, and then the tank body is cleaned and pressure-maintained. The tank body is completed; the gas valve is fixedly connected to the filter element with a threaded connector between the two, and the gas valve is screwed to the tank head through the threaded connector, the valve is installed, and the metal hydride hydrogen storage device is completed.

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