Intercropping method for increasing the growth rate of young Aquilaria sinensis

Abstract

The present invention provides an intercropping method for improving the growth rate of young white agarwood, comprising the following steps: (1) transplanting white agarwood seedlings, and intercropping okra after the white agarwood is planted; (2) fertilizing: before the white agarwood is planted, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer is applied as base fertilizer, and after the planting, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer is applied every year after weeding and loosening the soil; nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer are applied as base fertilizer for okra; (3) inter-cultivation and weeding; (4) pest control; (5) after the okra is harvested, the discarded stems and leaves are collected, the stems and leaves are piled in the forest, and the stems and leaves of the okra are fermented and rotted and applied around the roots of the white agarwood. The present invention intercrops okra one month after the white agarwood seedlings are planted. Compared with other intercropping patterns, intercropping okra can significantly increase the ground diameter, tree height and crown width, and can significantly increase the growth rate of young white agarwood.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, and in particular to an intercropping method for improving the growth rate of young Aquilaria sinensis. Background Art

[0002] Aquilaria sinensis is a plant of the genus Aquilaria in the family Thymelaeaceae, also known as native agarwood, daughter agarwood, tooth agarwood tree, Wanxiang, etc. Aquilaria sinensis is a plant resource of traditional precious Chinese medicine agarwood, and the balsam formed after its stem is damaged is "agarwood". As a national key protected plant, Aquilaria sinensis has a low natural reproduction rate and its wild resources are decreasing, which can no longer meet people's needs. Therefore, the artificial cultivation of Aquilaria sinensis has received extensive attention and attention from people. However, the growth cycle of Aquilaria sinensis is long, and the growth rate of agarwood in its early stage is relatively slow, which greatly restricts the development of Aquilaria sinensis related industries.

[0003] Intercropping refers to a planting pattern in which different plants are planted in different proportions on the same land. The intercropping pattern can make full use of light energy, space and time resources to increase crop yields, and the rational selection of intercropping species can also alleviate the obstacles of continuous cropping. Some studies have shown that intercropping of different plant species can play different roles through the allelopathic effects of plants. For example, sorghum has an allelopathic inhibitory effect on weeds, and when intercropped with other species, it can effectively inhibit the growth of some weeds, thereby increasing yields. Wheat promotes phosphorus absorption in soybeans. At present, there are relatively few reports on the intercropping pattern of Aquilaria sinensis and other plants, and even fewer intercropping methods to increase the growth rate of Aquilaria sinensis in its young stages. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an intercropping method for increasing the growth rate of young Aquilaria sinensis.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention mainly includes the following contents:

[0006] An intercropping method for increasing the growth rate of young Aquilaria sinensis, comprising the following steps:

[0007] (1) Transplanting white aquilaria seedlings, and interplanting okra after white aquilaria;

[0008] (2) Fertilization: Before planting white agarwood, apply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer as base fertilizer. After planting, apply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer every year after weeding and loosening the soil. Apply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer as base fertilizer for okra.

[0009] (3) Cultivation and weeding;

[0010] (4) Pest and disease control;

[0011] (5) After the okra is harvested, the discarded stems and leaves are collected and piled in the forest. After the okra stems and leaves are fermented and rotted, they are applied around the roots of Aquilaria sinensis.

[0012] Preferably, the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is a compound fertilizer composed of ammonium nitrate, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide, and the mass ratio of ammonium nitrate, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide is 15:15:15.

[0013] Preferably, the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is a compound fertilizer composed of phosphorus pentoxide, calcium oxide and magnesium oxide, and the mass ratio of phosphorus pentoxide, calcium oxide and magnesium oxide is 15:30:15.

[0014] Further explanation: The present invention uses nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium balanced compound fertilizer as the base fertilizer of white aquilaria, and broadcasts the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium balanced compound fertilizer and applies high-calcium and low-magnesium compound fertilizer in furrows as the base fertilizer of okra. Such a fertilization method is more in line with the actual intercropping of young white aquilaria and okra, can achieve the synchronous promotion of the growth of okra and white aquilaria, strengthen the allelopathic effect of okra on white aquilaria, and significantly improve the growth rate of young white aquilaria.

[0015] Preferably, the seedlings in step (1) are 2-year-old seedlings of Aquilaria sinensis.

[0016] Preferably, in step (1), okra is interplanted one month after planting.

[0017] Preferably, in step (1), the intercropping specification is to intercrop 4 to 5 rows of okra between every two rows of white aucklandia.

[0018] Preferably, in step (1), the spacing between Aquilaria sinensis plants is 2.5-3 m×2-2.3 m, and the spacing between Okra plants is 40-50 cm×20-25 cm.

[0019] Preferably, step (5) is: after the okra is harvested, the discarded stems and leaves are collected, and the Bacillus subtilis agent is evenly sprayed on the stems and leaves to moisten the stems and leaves, and the stems and leaves are piled in the forest, and after the okra stems and leaves are fermented and rotted, they are applied around the roots of Aquilaria sinensis.

[0020] Further explanation: The fermentation product after spraying Bacillus subtilis is more conducive to improving the growth rate of young Aquilaria sinensis than the product of natural fermentation. The reason is that Bacillus subtilis fermentation can fully release the allelopathic substances in okra, and these allelopathic substances are beneficial to the growth of young Aquilaria sinensis.

[0021] Preferably, in step (2), before planting Aucklandia odorifera, 0.3-0.5 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer is applied per hole as base fertilizer; 8-10 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer is spread per mu of okra and 15-20 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is applied in furrows as base fertilizer.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial results of the present invention are:

[0023] The invention intercrops okra one month after the white aquilaria seedlings are planted. Compared with other intercropping patterns, intercropping okra can significantly increase the ground diameter, tree height and crown width, and can significantly increase the growth rate of the young white aquilaria seedlings.

[0024] A further discovery was that after okra is harvested, the additional use of fermentation products after spraying with Bacillus subtilis is more conducive to increasing the growth rate of young Aquilaria sinensis than the products of natural fermentation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, specific embodiments are provided below to further illustrate the present invention.

[0026] Embodiment 1: Aquilaria sinensis - Okra Intercropping method

[0027] (1) Transplant two-year-old seedlings of Aquilaria sinensis at a spacing of 2.5-3m × 2-2.3m. One month after transplanting, plant five rows of okra (okra seeds germinated in holes) between every two rows of Aquilaria sinensis. The spacing of okra rows and plants is 40-50cm × 20-25cm. Plant one season of okra each year.

[0028] (2) Fertilization: Before planting white agarwood, apply 0.3-0.5 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer (ammonium nitrate, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide in a mass ratio of 15:15:15) per hole as basal fertilizer. After planting, apply an equal amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer (ammonium nitrate, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide in a mass ratio of 15:15:15) three times a year after weeding and loosening the soil. Spread 8-10 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer (ammonium nitrate, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide in a mass ratio of 15:15:15) per mu of okra and apply 15-20 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer (phosphorus pentoxide, calcium oxide and magnesium oxide in a mass ratio of 15:30:15) by digging trenches as basal fertilizer.

[0029] (3) Intertillage and weeding: Within one year after the establishment of Aquilaria sinensis, weed and loosen the soil once every 90 days, and then weed and loosen the soil twice a year;

[0030] (4) Pests and diseases and their control: The main diseases of Aquilaria sinensis are root knot nematode disease, seedling wilt and anthracnose, and the main insect pests are yellow borer, longhorn beetle, leaf roller and scarab beetle. During the planting period, local conventional methods are adopted, mainly by applying anti-pest and disease pesticides for control.

[0031] (5) After harvesting okra, collect the discarded stems and leaves and spray the stems and leaves evenly with Bacillus subtilis (10 7cfu / mL), make the stems and leaves moist, pile them into a cone with a length, width and height of 1.5m×1m×1m and place them in the forest. After the stems and leaves of okra are fermented and rotten (about 20 days), apply them around the roots of Aucklandia odorifera.

[0032] Embodiment 2: White Aquilaria Sinensis - Peanut Intercropping method

[0033] (1) Transplant two-year-old Aquilaria sinensis seedlings at a spacing of 2.5-3m × 2-2.3m. One month after transplanting, plant 4-5 rows of peanuts (peanut seeds germinated in holes) between every two rows of Aquilaria sinensis. The spacing between peanuts is 40-50cm × 20-25cm. Peanuts are planted once a year.

[0034] (2) Fertilization: Before planting white agarwood, apply 0.3-0.5 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer (ammonium nitrate, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide in a mass ratio of 15:15:15) per hole as basal fertilizer. After planting, apply an equal amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer (ammonium nitrate, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide in a mass ratio of 15:15:15) three times a year after weeding and loosening the soil. For peanuts, spread 8-10 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer (ammonium nitrate, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide in a mass ratio of 15:15:15) per mu and apply 15-20 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer (phosphorus pentoxide, calcium oxide and magnesium oxide in a mass ratio of 15:30:15) by digging trenches as basal fertilizer;

[0035] (3) Intertillage and weeding: Within one year after the establishment of Aquilaria sinensis, weed and loosen the soil once every 90 days, and then weed and loosen the soil twice a year;

[0036] (4) Pests and diseases and their control: The main diseases of Aquilaria sinensis are root knot nematode disease, seedling wilt and anthracnose, and the main insect pests are yellow borer, longhorn beetle, leaf roller and scarab beetle. During the planting period, local conventional methods are adopted, mainly by applying anti-pest and disease pesticides for control.

[0037] (5) After peanuts are harvested, the discarded stems and leaves are collected and evenly sprayed with Bacillus subtilis (10 7 cfu / mL), make the stems and leaves moist, pile them into a cone with a length, width and height of 1.5m×1m×1m and place them in the forest. After the peanut stems and leaves are fermented and rotted (about 20 days), apply them around the roots of Aucklandia sinensis.

[0038] Embodiment 3: White Aucklandia - Edamame Intercropping method

[0039] (1) Transplant two-year-old seedlings of Aquilaria sinensis at a spacing of 2.5-3m × 2-2.3m. One month after transplanting, plant 4-5 rows of edamame (edamame seeds germinated in holes) between every two rows of Aquilaria sinensis. The spacing of edamame rows and plants is 40-50cm × 20-25cm. Plant edamame once a year.

[0040] (2) Fertilization: Before planting white agarwood, apply 0.3-0.5 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer (ammonium nitrate, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide in a mass ratio of 15:15:15) per hole as basal fertilizer. After planting, apply an equal amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer (ammonium nitrate, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide in a mass ratio of 15:15:15) three times a year after weeding and loosening the soil. Spread 8-10 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer (ammonium nitrate, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide in a mass ratio of 15:15:15) per mu of edamame and apply 15-20 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer (phosphorus pentoxide, calcium oxide and magnesium oxide in a mass ratio of 15:30:15) in trenches as basal fertilizer.

[0041] (3) Intertillage weeding: Within one year after the establishment of Aquilaria sinensis, weed and loosen the soil once every 90 days, and then weed and loosen the soil twice a year;

[0042] (4) Pests and diseases and their control: The main diseases of Aquilaria sinensis are root knot nematode disease, seedling wilt and anthracnose, and the main insect pests are yellow borer, longhorn beetle, leaf roller and scarab beetle. During the planting period, local conventional methods are adopted, mainly by applying anti-pest and disease pesticides for control.

[0043] (5) After the edamame is harvested, the discarded stems and leaves are collected and evenly sprayed with Bacillus subtilis inoculant (10 7 cfu / mL), make the stems and leaves moist, pile them into a cone with a length, width and height of 1.5m×1m×1m and place them in the forest. After the edamame stems and leaves are fermented and rotted (about 20 days), apply them around the roots of Aucklandia sinensis.

[0044] Example 4 White Aquilaria sinensis planting method - No intercropping

[0045] (1) Transplant two-year-old seedlings of Aquilaria sinensis at a spacing of 2.5-3m x 2-2.3m.

[0046] (2) Fertilization: Before planting Aucklandia sinensis, apply 0.3-0.5 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer (ammonium nitrate, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide in a mass ratio of 15:15:15) per hole as base fertilizer. After planting, apply an equal amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer (ammonium nitrate, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide in a mass ratio of 15:15:15) 4 times a year after weeding and loosening the soil;

[0047] (3) Intertillage weeding: Within one year after the establishment of Aquilaria sinensis, weed and loosen the soil once every 90 days, and then weed and loosen the soil twice a year;

[0048] (4) Pests and diseases and their control: The main diseases of Aquilaria sinensis are root knot nematode disease, seedling wilt and anthracnose, and the main insect pests are yellow borer, longhorn beetle, leaf roller and scarab beetle. During the planting period, local conventional methods are adopted, mainly by applying anti-pest and disease pesticides for control.

[0049] Example 5: Aquilaria sinensis-Okra intercropping method

[0050] (1) Transplant two-year-old seedlings of Aquilaria sinensis at a spacing of 2.5-3m × 2-2.3m. One month after transplanting, interplant 4-5 rows of okra (okra seeds germinated in holes) between every two rows of Aquilaria sinensis. The spacing of okra rows and plants is 40-50cm × 20-25cm. Plant edamame once a year.

[0051] (2) Fertilization: Before planting white agarwood, apply 0.3-0.5 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer (ammonium nitrate, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide in a mass ratio of 15:15:15) per hole as basal fertilizer. After planting, apply an equal amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer (ammonium nitrate, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide in a mass ratio of 15:15:15) three times a year after weeding and loosening the soil. Spread 8-10 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer (ammonium nitrate, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide in a mass ratio of 15:15:15) per mu of okra and apply 15-20 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer (phosphorus pentoxide, calcium oxide and magnesium oxide in a mass ratio of 15:30:15) by digging trenches as basal fertilizer.

[0052] (3) Intertillage weeding: Within one year after the establishment of Aquilaria sinensis, weed and loosen the soil once every 90 days, and then weed and loosen the soil twice a year;

[0053] (4) Pests and diseases and their control: The main diseases of Aquilaria sinensis are root knot nematode disease, seedling wilt and anthracnose, and the main insect pests are yellow borer, longhorn beetle, leaf roller and scarab beetle. During the planting period, local conventional methods are adopted, mainly by applying anti-pest and disease pesticides for control.

[0054] (5) After the okra is harvested, the discarded stems and leaves are collected and piled into a cone shape of 1.5m×1m×1m in length, width and height and placed in the forest. After the okra stems and leaves are naturally fermented and rotted (about 20 days), they are applied around the roots of Aquilaria sinensis.

[0055] One year after the seedlings of Aquilaria sinensis were planted, 20 Aquilaria sinensis plants were randomly selected from different locations in the field to investigate the average ground diameter, tree height, and canopy width of Aquilaria sinensis. Each planting pattern was repeated three times. The survey data were analyzed by variance analysis using SPSS software. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0056] Table 1

[0057]

[0058] Note: Different letters in the same column represent significant differences, p<0.05

[0059] The results in Table 1 show that compared with the non-intercropping pattern, intercropping with okra, peanut and edamame can increase the ground diameter of Aquilaria sinensis; intercropping with okra can significantly increase the tree height and crown width, while intercropping with peanut and edamame reduces the tree height and has no significant effect on the crown width; overall, intercropping with okra is superior to other plants in various indicators, and intercropping with okra can significantly increase the growth rate of Aquilaria sinensis at the young stage.

[0060] Comparing Example 5 with Example 1, it can be seen that the fermentation product after spraying Bacillus subtilis is more conducive to improving the growth rate of Aquilaria sinensis in its young stage than the product of natural fermentation. The components of the natural fermentation product of okra and the fermentation product obtained after spraying Bacillus subtilis to ferment the stems and leaves of okra were preliminarily studied. The results showed that the contents of components such as brassinolide, triacontanol, and scutellaria alcohol were significantly increased.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intercropping method for increasing the growth rate of young Aquilaria sinensis, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Transplant the seedlings of Aquilaria sinensis, and interplant okra one month after the planting of Aquilaria sinensis; the interplanting specification is to interplant 4 to 5 rows of okra between every two rows of Aquilaria sinensis; the spacing between Aquilaria sinensis plants is 2.5 to 3 m × 2 to 2.3 m, and the spacing between okra plants is 40 to 50 cm × 20 to 25 cm; (2) Fertilization: Before planting white agarwood, apply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer as base fertilizer. After planting, apply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer every year after weeding and loosening the soil. Apply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer as base fertilizer for okra. (3) Cultivation and weeding; (4) Pest and disease control; (5) After the okra is harvested, the discarded stems and leaves are collected and piled in the forest. After the okra stems and leaves are fermented and rotted, they are applied around the roots of Aquilaria sinensis.

2. The intercropping method for increasing the growth rate of Aquilaria sinensis at a young age according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is a compound fertilizer composed of ammonium nitrate, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide, and the mass ratio of ammonium nitrate, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide is 15:15:

15.

3. The intercropping method for increasing the growth rate of Aquilaria sinensis in its young stage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is a compound fertilizer composed of phosphorus pentoxide, calcium oxide and magnesium oxide, and the mass ratio of phosphorus pentoxide, calcium oxide and magnesium oxide is 15:30:

15.

4. The intercropping method for increasing the growth rate of Aquilaria sinensis at a young age according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seedlings described in step (1) are 2-year-old seedlings of Aquilaria sinensis.

5. The intercropping method for increasing the growth rate of Aquilaria sinensis at a young age according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step (5) is: after the okra is harvested, the discarded stems and leaves are collected, and the Bacillus subtilis inoculant is evenly sprayed on the stems and leaves to moisten the stems and leaves, and the stems and leaves are piled in the forest, and after the okra stems and leaves are fermented and rotted, they are applied around the roots of Aquilaria sinensis.

6. The intercropping method for increasing the growth rate of Aquilaria sinensis at a young age according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), before planting white agarwood, 0.3-0.5 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer is applied per hole as base fertilizer; 8-10 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer is spread per mu of okra and 15-20 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is applied in furrows as base fertilizer.

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