An arch installation device and installation method for tunnel construction

Abstract

The present invention discloses an arch installation device and an installation method for tunnel construction, belonging to the technical field of tunnel construction. It includes a base, a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected above the base, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with a vertically arranged support column, the top end of the support column is fixedly connected with a horizontally arranged mounting plate, clamping plates are respectively slidably connected to both ends of the mounting plate, a distance adjusting mechanism is arranged between the two clamping plates, support wheels are arranged on the adjacent sides of the upper ends of the two clamping plates, and the support wheels are connected with a driving mechanism. For the arch installation device and the installation method for tunnel construction, by arranging a connecting block and a telescopic rod connected by a driving spring, the connecting block and the mounting shaft are connected by a steel wire rope. When the telescopic rod rotates and approaches the support column, the driving spring is stretched to provide a pulling force for the telescopic rod, balancing the gravity on the other side of the arch, so that the arch can be kept as balanced as possible on the support wheels to facilitate the stability during the installation of the arch.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and particularly relates to an arch installation device and an installation method for tunnel construction. Background Art

[0002] In domestic tunnel construction, when encountering soft rock formations, arch installation support is required to improve the stability of the surrounding rock and prevent later collapses. The installation support mostly adopts the form of arches. The arches are generally steel arches or lattice arches, and are cooperated with shotcrete with steel meshes for enhanced support; the steel arches are generally bent from 18 - or 20 - number I - beams, and some use H - beams, while the lattice arches are formed by welding a frame shape composed of deformed steel bars.

[0003] The arches for tunnel construction include straight and arc - shaped arches. During the installation process of the arc - shaped arch, due to the special shape of the arc - shaped arch, it is difficult to estimate the center of gravity compared with the straight - shaped arch. After the arc - shaped arch is supported by the existing installation equipment, if the placement angle is improper or the angle of the arch needs to be actively adjusted, the resulting skew of the arch will cause the gravity on one side of the arch to be greater than the gravity on the other side of the support part. As a result, it is difficult for the support point to balance the gravity on both sides of the arch, which may cause the arch to become loose or slip off the support part, posing a certain safety hazard. There is a need for a device that can balance the gravity on both sides of the support point when the arch is skewed during the installation process.

[0004] Therefore, we propose an arch installation device and an installation method for tunnel construction to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem in the prior art that during the installation process of the arc - shaped arch for tunnel construction, adjusting the angle easily causes the center of gravity to shift, resulting in the arch falling off and posing a safety hazard, and to propose an arch installation device and an installation method for tunnel construction.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] An arch installation device for tunnel construction, comprising a base, a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected above the base, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with a vertically arranged support column, the top end of the support column is fixedly connected with a horizontally arranged mounting plate, both ends of the mounting plate are respectively slidably connected with clamping plates, a distance adjusting mechanism is arranged between the two clamping plates, support wheels are arranged on the adjacent sides of the upper ends of the two clamping plates, the support wheels are connected with a driving mechanism, the clamping plates are slidably connected with a movable frame, a linkage mechanism is arranged between the movable frame and the mounting plate, two auxiliary wheels are arranged above the support wheels on the movable frame, and the two auxiliary wheels are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the support wheels. Symmetrically and fixedly connected to both sides of the lower end of the support column are mounting shafts, the mounting shafts are rotatably connected with movable columns, one end of the movable column away from the mounting shaft is slidably connected with a telescopic rod, a clamping mechanism is arranged at the end of the telescopic rod away from the movable column, a driving spring is fixedly connected to the end of the telescopic rod close to the movable column, a connecting block is fixedly connected to the end of the driving spring away from the telescopic rod, a steel wire rope is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting block close to the mounting shaft, and after the end of the steel wire rope away from the connecting block winds around the mounting shaft for several turns, it is fixedly connected to the mounting shaft. The winding direction of the steel wire rope on the mounting shaft is the same as the rotating direction of the movable column away from the support column.

[0008] By providing a connecting block and a telescopic rod connected by a driving spring, and the connecting block and the mounting shaft are connected by a steel wire rope, when the movable column and the telescopic rod rotate around the mounting shaft, the steel wire rope will wind or unwind around the mounting shaft. When the steel wire rope winds around the mounting shaft, the length between the steel wire rope connecting the mounting shaft and the connecting block will be shortened, thereby stretching the driving spring, so that the driving spring provides a pulling force for the telescopic rod, and then the telescopic rod provides a pulling force for one end of the arch through the clamping mechanism, so as to balance the gravity on the other side of the arch as much as possible, so that the arch remains stable on the support wheels.

[0009] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a speed reducer fixedly connected to the clamping plate, the output end of the speed reducer is fixedly connected with a driving shaft, and the driving shaft passes through the clamping plate and is in transmission connection with the two support wheels.

[0010] By providing a driving shaft driven by a speed reducer and the driving shaft is connected with the support wheels, it is realized that the speed reducer can drive the two support wheels to rotate slowly, and then the arch can move to one side under the drive of the support wheels.

[0011] Preferably, an installation groove is formed in the clamping plate, a slider is fixedly connected to the movable frame in the installation groove, the slider is adapted to the installation groove and is slidably connected with the clamping plate, a reset spring is fixedly connected to the lower side of the slider, and the reset spring is located in the installation groove and is fixedly connected with the clamping plate.

[0012] By setting a slider located in the installation groove, the movable frame can move up and down along the installation groove. The return spring under the slider enables the return spring to be compressed when the movable frame moves downward, providing an upward elastic force for the movable frame.

[0013] Preferably, limiting grooves are provided on both sides of the slider where the clamping plates are located. Limiting studs are provided on the slider within the limiting grooves, and the limiting studs are threadedly connected to the slider.

[0014] By providing the limiting grooves and the limiting studs, the limiting of the slider is achieved, such that the slider can only move up and down along the limiting grooves, minimizing the sway of the slider.

[0015] Preferably, the linkage mechanism includes a linkage plate fixedly connected to the mounting plate. The linkage plate is located between the two clamping plates. The linkage plate is an isosceles trapezoid arranged upside down. A slanted notch is provided on the side of the clamping plate close to the linkage plate. The two hypotenuses of the linkage plate are respectively located within the two slanted notches and are in contact with the two clamping plates.

[0016] By providing the slanted notches and the isosceles trapezoid-shaped linkage plate, when the two clamping plates approach each other, the two movable frames respectively located on the two clamping plates will move downward synchronously under the contact of the linkage plate when approaching each other, and will move upward under the elastic force of the return spring when moving away from each other.

[0017] Preferably, limiting bolts are threadedly connected to both side surfaces at the two ends of the mounting plate. The limiting bolts are located on the side of the clamping plate away from the support column.

[0018] By providing the limiting bolts, the limiting of the clamping plates is achieved, and further, the clamping plates stop moving after moving away from each other to a certain position.

[0019] Preferably, the distance adjustment mechanism includes a bidirectional threaded rod rotatably connected to the support column. The two ends of the bidirectional threaded rod respectively pass through the two clamping plates and are threadedly connected to the two clamping plates. A handwheel is fixedly connected to one end of the bidirectional threaded rod.

[0020] By providing the bidirectional threaded rod and the handwheel, when the handwheel is rotated to drive the bidirectional threaded rod to rotate, it will drive the two clamping plates to approach each other or move away from each other, thereby achieving the clamping or release of the arch frame through the auxiliary wheels.

[0021] Preferably, a plurality of strip-shaped grooves are axially provided along the outer periphery of the end of the telescopic rod close to the movable column. A limiting block is fixedly connected to the movable column within the strip-shaped grooves.

[0022] By providing the strip-shaped grooves and the limiting blocks, the telescopic rod can move axially, and will not rotate when the telescopic rod axially expands and contracts, improving the stability of the clamping mechanism.

[0023] Preferably, the clamping mechanism includes a connecting shaft fixedly connected to the end of the telescopic rod, the connecting shaft is rotatably connected to two oppositely arranged clamping jaws, and a torsion spring is provided between the clamping jaws and the connecting shaft.

[0024] By setting a clamping claw that is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft, a torsion spring is provided between the clamping claw and the connecting shaft, so that the two clamping claws can clamp relative to each other, thereby clamping the two ends of the arch frame, so that the telescopic rod and the arch frame are connected. When the arch frame rotates, it can drive the telescopic rod and then drive the movable column to rotate around the installation axis.

[0025] A method for installing an arch mounting device for tunnel construction comprises the following steps:

[0026] S1. Place the middle part of the arc-shaped arch frame on the supporting wheel, turn the handwheel to drive the bidirectional threaded rod to rotate, thereby driving the two clamping plates to approach each other, and then making the auxiliary wheels on the two clamping plates approach each other. When the auxiliary wheels on the two clamping plates approach each other, they will move downward under the drive of the isosceles trapezoidal linkage plate, thereby pressing the arch frame against the supporting wheel.

[0027] S2. Clamp the two ends of the arch frame through the clamping claws at the end of the telescopic rod, so that the clamping mechanism connects the telescopic rods on both sides of the support column and the two ends of the arch frame. When the arch frame rotates under the drive of the support wheel, it will synchronously drive the movable column and the telescopic rod to rotate around the installation axis.

[0028] S3. When the movable column and the telescopic rod rotate around the installation axis, the steel rope will be entangled on the installation axis. When the movable column and the telescopic rod rotate toward the installation axis, the driving spring will shrink under the action of the steel rope. Assuming the radius of the installation axis is r and the rotation angle of the movable column is θ°, the contraction length of the driving spring can be calculated to be θπr / 180. Assuming the stiffness coefficient of the driving spring is k, the tension provided by the telescopic rod to the end of the arch frame in the direction of the installation axis is kθπr / 180. As the movable column approaches the support column, the tension will continue to increase. When the movable column moves away from the support column, the tension will decrease, thereby providing tension to the end of the arch frame close to the support column to balance the gravity on the other side of the arch frame, and try to avoid the arch frame slipping from the support wheel to cause personal injury, and at the same time try to keep the arch frame balanced during the installation process.

[0029] S4. After adjusting the position of the arch frame, start the hydraulic cylinder to make the support column drive the arch frame to the appropriate position for welding and installation of the arch frame. After the installation is completed, turn the handwheel to rotate the bidirectional threaded rod and drive the two clamping plates away from each other. The auxiliary wheels on the two clamping plates will move up synchronously when they move away from each other, so that the auxiliary wheels press against the arch frame. Start the hydraulic cylinder to drive the support column to move down, and the support wheels will be separated from the arch frame, completing the installation of the arch frame.

[0030] In summary, the technical effects and advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0031] 1. The arch installation equipment for tunnel construction, by setting the clamping mechanism at the end of the telescopic rod, the clamping jaws in the clamping mechanism can clamp the end of the arch, so that the end of the telescopic rod moves with the end of the arch. Furthermore, after the arch rotates a certain angle, it can drive the telescopic rod and the movable column to rotate a certain angle around the installation shaft. When the telescopic rod rotates and approaches the support column, the steel rope can wind around the installation shaft, and then the driving spring is stretched to provide a pulling force for the telescopic rod. Thus, the telescopic rod can provide a pulling force for the end of the arch through the clamping mechanism to balance the gravity on the other side of the arch, so that the arch can be kept as balanced as possible on the support wheel to facilitate the stability during arch installation.

[0032] 2. By setting the movable frame on the clamping plate, with auxiliary wheels on the movable frame, when the two clamping plates approach each other, they can drive the two auxiliary wheels to approach each other, thereby limiting the upper part of the arch to avoid the arch from separating between the auxiliary wheels and the support wheels as much as possible. At the same time, the linkage plate can drive the two movable frames to move downward when the two clamping plates approach each other, so that the auxiliary wheels can provide a downward pressure on the arch, further making the arch fit more closely with the support wheel to increase the friction between the arch and the support wheel. And when the two clamping plates move away from each other, the movable frame can move upward under the drive of the return spring, so that the auxiliary wheels can release the pressure on the arch by themselves. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0034] Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0035] Figure 3 is the front view structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 is Figure 2 the enlarged view at B in

[0037] Figure 5 is the force analysis diagram during the rotation process;

[0038] Figure 6 is Figure 5 the enlarged view at C in

[0039] Figure 7 is the schematic diagram of the initial state of the arch; [[ID=4)),

[0040] Figure 8 is the schematic diagram of the state where the arch rotates to one side Figure 1 ;

[0041] Figure 9 is the schematic diagram of the state where the arch rotates to one sideFigure 1 ;

[0042] Figure 10 For Figure 1 the enlarged view at position A in

[0043] Figure 11 is the structural schematic diagram of the linkage mechanism of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0044] Figure 12 is the structural schematic diagram of the linkage mechanism of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0045] Figure 13 is the structural schematic diagram of the speed reducer

[0046] In the figure: 1, base; 2, hydraulic cylinder; 3, support column; 4, mounting plate; 5, clamping plate; 6, support wheel; 7, movable frame; 8, auxiliary wheel; 9, mounting shaft; 10, movable column; 11, telescopic rod; 12, driving spring; 13, connecting block; 14, steel rope; 15, speed reducer; 16, driving shaft; 17, mounting groove; 18, slider; 19, return spring; 20, limiting groove; 21, limiting stud; 22, linkage plate; 23, inclined slot; 24, limiting bolt; 25, bidirectional threaded rod; 26, hand wheel; 27, strip-shaped groove; 28, limiting block; 29, connecting shaft; 30, jaw Specific embodiments

[0047] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments

[0048] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , a kind of arch installation equipment for tunnel construction, including a base 1, and a vertically arranged support column 3 is provided above the base 1. The top end of the support column 3 is fixedly connected with a horizontally arranged mounting plate 4. The mounting plate 4 is a rectangular plate, and clamping plates 5 are respectively slidably connected to both ends of the mounting plate 4. A distance adjustment mechanism is provided between the two clamping plates 5. Support wheels 6 are provided on the adjacent sides of the upper ends of the two clamping plates 5, and the support wheels 6 are connected with a driving mechanism for driving rotation. Mounting shafts 9 are symmetrically and fixedly installed on both sides of the lower end of the support column 3 with the support column 3 as the symmetry axis, and the mounting shafts 9 are located on both sides of the clamping plates 5. The mounting shafts 9 are rotatably connected with movable columns 10. The movable columns 10 are in the same plane as the support column 3. When the movable columns 10 rotate around the mounting shafts 9, they will approach or move away from the support column 3

[0049] Referring to Figure 3 , Figure 4, one end of the movable column 10 far from the mounting shaft 9 is slidably connected with a telescopic rod 11. The telescopic rod 11 is coaxially arranged with the movable column 10. The movable column 10 is hollow and sleeved on the telescopic rod 11. One end of the telescopic rod 11 far from the movable column 10 is provided with a clamping mechanism for clamping the end of the arch frame. One end of the telescopic rod 11 close to the movable column 10 is fixedly connected with a driving spring 12. The driving spring 12 is on the same straight line as the telescopic rod 11 and is located inside the movable column 10. The driving spring 12 is in a relaxed state when the device is idle to avoid elastic fatigue of the driving spring 12. When connecting the end of the telescopic rod 11 with the end of the arch frame through the clamping structure, the driving spring 12 needs to be stretched a certain distance. That is to say, after the clamping mechanism connects the telescopic rod 11 and the arch frame, the driving spring 12 is in a preset state of being stretched. One end of the driving spring 12 far from the telescopic rod 11 is fixedly connected with a connecting block 13. The connecting block 13 is a cylindrical block adapted to the inside of the movable column 10, so that the connecting block 13 can slide away from or close to the mounting shaft 9 along the axis direction of the movable column 10.

[0050] Refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 , one end of the connecting block 13 close to the mounting shaft 9 is fixedly connected with a steel rope 14. One end of the steel rope 14 far from the connecting block 13 is wound around the mounting shaft 9 several times and then fixedly connected to the mounting shaft 9. When the arc-shaped arch frame starts to rotate around the center of the circle under the drive of the supporting wheel 6, the clamping mechanisms at both ends of the arch frame will drive the end of the telescopic rod 11 to receive a force F along the tangent direction of the arc-shaped arch frame. And F can be decomposed into a force f1 along the axis of the telescopic rod 11 outward and a force f2 along the rotation direction of the telescopic rod 11 around the mounting shaft. The force f2 enables the telescopic rod 11 to rotate and at the same time can drive the steel rope 14 to wind or unwind on the mounting shaft 9.

[0051] Refer to Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 , when the arc-shaped arch frame rotates towards one side, it will drive the telescopic rod 11 and the movable column 10 connected to its two ends to rotate around the mounting shaft 9 through the clamping mechanism. Since the mounting shaft 9 is fixedly arranged, when the movable column 10 rotates around the mounting shaft 9, it will drag the steel rope 14 to rotate around the mounting shaft 9 through the connecting block 13 inside the movable column 10. At this time, when the steel rope 14 on the side opposite to the rotation direction of the arc-shaped arch frame winds around the mounting shaft 9, it will make the connecting block 13 close to the mounting shaft 9, and then make the connecting block 13 drive the driving spring 12 to stretch to provide a pulling force towards the mounting shaft 9 for the telescopic rod. At the same time, the steel rope 14 on the same side as the rotation direction of the arch frame moves in the opposite direction and unwinds from the mounting shaft 9. Since the initial state of the driving spring 12 is a stretched state, it will provide a dragging force for the steel rope 14 to straighten the steel rope, so that the steel rope 14 still remains in a taut state.

[0052] The winding direction of the steel rope 14 on the mounting shaft 9 is the same as the rotation direction of the movable column 10 away from the support column 3. When any one of the two movable columns 10 rotates towards the support column 3, the steel rope 14 will wind around the mounting shaft 9, thereby stretching the driving spring 12 to provide a pulling force for the telescopic rod 11, so as to provide a pulling force for the end of the arch frame clamped by the clamping mechanism on this side, so as to balance the relatively heavier gravity on the other side and keep the arch frame balanced on the support wheel 6 as much as possible.

[0053] Refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown in FIGS., the distance adjustment mechanism between the two clamping plates 5 includes a bidirectional threaded rod 25 rotatably connected to the support column 3, and the bidirectional threaded rod 25 is perpendicular to the clamping plate 5. Both ends of the bidirectional threaded rod 25 pass through the two clamping plates 5 and are threadedly connected to the two clamping plates 5, so that when the bidirectional threaded rod 25 rotates, it can drive the two clamping plates 5 to move, so that the two clamping plates 5 approach or move away from each other. One end of the bidirectional threaded rod 25 is fixedly connected with a hand wheel 26, which is convenient for the staff to rotate the bidirectional threaded rod 25. Limit bolts 24 are threadedly connected to the side surfaces at both ends of the mounting plate 4. The limit bolts 24 are located on the side of the clamping plate 5 away from the support column 3. The limit bolts 24 limit the clamping plate 5, so that the clamping plate 5 cannot continue to move after moving away from each other to a certain position.

[0054] Refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in FIGS., the clamping plate 5 is slidably connected with a movable frame 7, and the movable frame 7 is U-shaped. The movable frame 7 is provided with two auxiliary wheels 8 above the support wheel 6, and the two auxiliary wheels 8 are located at the ends of the U-shaped movable frame 7. The two auxiliary wheels 8 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the support wheel 6. When the two clamping plates 5 approach each other, the movable frame 7 will drive the auxiliary wheels 8 to move above the arch frame, so as to limit the upper part of the arch frame and prevent the arch frame from disengaging between the auxiliary wheels 8 and the support wheel 6 as much as possible.

[0055] Refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 7, an installation groove 17 is formed on the clamping plate 5, and the installation groove 17 is a rectangular groove on a vertical plane. The movable frame 7 is located in the installation groove 17 and fixedly connected with a slider 18. The slider 18 is adapted to the installation groove 17 and slidably connected with the clamping plate 5. By connecting the clamping plate 5 and the movable frame 7 through the slider 18, the movable frame 7 can slide up and down along the installation groove 17. A return spring 19 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the slider 18. The return spring 19 is located in the installation groove 17 and fixedly connected with the clamping plate 5. The return spring 19 can be compressed after the movable frame 7 moves downward and provides an upward elastic force for the slider 18. Limiting grooves 20 are formed on both sides of the clamping plate 5 where the slider 18 is located. Limiting studs 21 are arranged in the limiting grooves 20 where the slider 18 is located. The number of limiting studs 21 on one side of the slider 18 should be no less than two. The limiting studs 21 are threadedly connected with the slider 18. By arranging the limiting studs 21, the sway of the slider 18 when sliding up and down along the installation groove 17 is minimized, and the position of the slider 18 is limited to prevent the slider 18 from disengaging from the installation groove 17 as much as possible.

[0056] Refer to Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 , a linkage mechanism is provided between the movable frame 7 and the mounting plate 4. The linkage mechanism includes a linkage plate 22 fixedly connected to the mounting plate 4. The linkage plate 22 is on a vertical plane and perpendicular to the plane where the movable frame 7 is located. The linkage plate 22 is located between the two clamping plates 5. The linkage plate 22 is an isosceles trapezoid arranged upside down. An inclined slot 23 is formed on one side of the movable frame 7 close to the linkage plate 22. The inclined slot 23 is adapted to the hypotenuse of the linkage plate 22. The two hypotenuses of the linkage plate 22 are respectively located in the two inclined slots 23 and are in contact with the two movable frames 7. When the two movable frames 7 approach each other along with the clamping plates 5, the movable frame 7 is pushed downward by the hypotenuse of the linkage plate 22 and compresses the return spring 19, thereby driving the auxiliary wheel 8 on the movable frame 7 to move downward and press against the arch frame, so that the arch frame is closely attached to the support wheel 6 and the friction between the arch frame and the support wheel 6 is increased.

[0057] Refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 10, the drive mechanism connected to the support wheel 6 includes a speed reducer 15 fixedly connected to the clamping plate 5. The speed reducer 15 is a prior art and is an independent component composed of a worm and worm gear transmission enclosed in a rigid housing. It is commonly used as a speed reduction transmission device between the prime mover and the working machine. It plays a role in matching the speed and transmitting torque between the prime mover and the working machine or the actuator. The output end of the speed reducer 15 is fixedly connected with a drive shaft 16. The drive shaft 16 passes through the clamping plate 5 and is in transmission connection with two support wheels 6. The drive motor can drive the drive shaft 16 to rotate slowly, so that the support wheels 6 can drive the arch while supporting the arch frame to rotate, thereby adjusting the installation angle of the arch frame. The speed reducer 15 is a speed reducer 15 with a built-in worm and worm gear, so that self-locking can be achieved, and the feeding can prevent the arch frame from driving the support wheel 6 to rotate after being affected by gravity.

[0058] Refer to Figure 1 , a plurality of strip-shaped grooves 27 are axially formed on the outer periphery of one end of the telescopic rod 11 close to the movable column 10. A limiting block 28 is fixedly connected in the strip-shaped groove 27 of the movable column 10. The telescopic rod 11 is limited by the limiting block 28 and the limiting groove 20, so that the telescopic rod 11 will not rotate when telescoping along the axis of the movable column 10. The clamping mechanism includes a connecting shaft 29 fixedly connected to the end of the telescopic rod 11. Two oppositely arranged clamping jaws 30 are rotatably connected to the connecting shaft 29. A torsion spring is arranged between the clamping jaws 30 and the connecting shaft 29. The clamping jaws 30 can clamp the end of the arch frame located between the two clamping jaws 30 under the drive of the torsion spring, so as to realize the connection between the end of the telescopic rod 11 and the end of the arch frame.

[0059] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a hydraulic cylinder 2 is fixedly connected above the base 1. The hydraulic cylinder 2 is located between the support column 3 and the base 1. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is fixedly connected to the support column 3. The support column 3 is driven by the hydraulic cylinder 2 to move up and down, which is convenient for adjusting the height of the arch frame.

[0060] An installation method for an arch frame installation device for tunnel construction includes the following steps:

[0061] S1. Place the middle part of the arc-shaped arch frame on the support wheel 6, rotate the hand wheel 26 to drive the bidirectional threaded rod 25 to rotate, thereby driving the two clamping plates 5 to approach each other, and further making the auxiliary wheels 8 on the two clamping plates 5 approach each other. When the auxiliary wheels 8 on the two clamping plates 5 approach each other, they will move downward under the drive of the isosceles trapezoidal linkage plate 22, and then press the arch frame against the support wheel 6.

[0062] S2. The two ends of the arch frame are clamped by the clamping claws 30 located at the end of the telescopic rod 11, so that the clamping mechanism connects the telescopic rod 11 located on both sides of the support column 3 and the two ends of the arch frame. When the arch frame rotates under the drive of the support wheel 6, it will synchronously drive the movable column 10 and the telescopic rod 11 to rotate around the installation axis 9.

[0063] S3, when the movable column 10 and the telescopic rod 11 rotate around the mounting shaft 9, the steel rope 14 will be wound around the mounting shaft 9. When the movable column 10 and the telescopic rod 11 rotate toward the mounting shaft 9, the driving spring 12 will contract under the action of the steel rope 14. Assuming the radius of the mounting shaft 9 is r, the rotation angle of the movable column 10 is θ°, according to the formula of arc length corresponding to angle l = nπr / 180, the contracted length of the driving spring 12 can be calculated to be θπr / 180. Assuming the spring coefficient of the driving spring 12 is k, and then according to The spring force formula is F = kx, so the tension provided by the telescopic rod 11 to the end of the arch frame toward the mounting axis 9 is kθπr / 180. As the movable column 10 approaches the support column 3, the tension will continue to increase. As the movable column 10 moves away from the support column 3, the tension will decrease, thereby providing tension to the end of the arch frame near the support column 3 to balance the gravity on the other side of the arch frame. The tension on the end of the arch frame is affected by the rotation angle θ, the radius of the mounting axis, and the spring constant k of the driving spring, and is proportional to these three factors. When one end of the arch frame approaches the support column, the tension on that end will increase, minimizing the risk of the arch frame slipping off the support wheel 6 and causing personal injury, while also maintaining the balance of the arch frame during installation.

[0064] S4. After adjusting the position of the arch frame, start the hydraulic cylinder 2 to make the support column 3 drive the arch frame to rise to the appropriate position for welding and installation of the arch frame. After the installation is completed, turn the hand wheel 26 to rotate the bidirectional threaded rod 25 and drive the two clamping plates 5 to move away from each other. The auxiliary wheels 8 on the two clamping plates 5 will move up synchronously when they move away from each other, so that the auxiliary wheels 8 press against the arch frame. Start the hydraulic cylinder 2 to drive the support column 3 to move down, and the support wheel 6 will be separated from the arch frame, completing the installation of the arch frame.

[0065] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An arch installation device for tunnel construction, including a base (1), characterized in that, A hydraulic cylinder (2) is fixedly connected above the base (1). The output end of the hydraulic cylinder (2) is fixedly connected with a vertically arranged support column (3). The top end of the support column (3) is fixedly connected with a horizontally arranged mounting plate (4). Clamping plates (5) are respectively slidably connected to both ends of the mounting plate (4). A distance adjusting mechanism is arranged between the two clamping plates (5). Support wheels (6) are arranged on the adjacent upper sides of the two clamping plates (5). The support wheels (6) are connected with a driving mechanism. The clamping plate (5) is slidably connected with a movable frame (7). A linkage mechanism is arranged between the movable frame (7) and the mounting plate (4). Two auxiliary wheels (8) are arranged above the support wheels (6) on the movable frame (7). The two auxiliary wheels (8) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the support wheels (6). Mounting shafts (9) are symmetrically and fixedly connected to both sides of the lower end of the support column (3). The mounting shafts (9) are rotatably connected with movable columns (10). The end of the movable column (10) far away from the mounting shaft (9) is slidably connected with a telescopic rod (11). A clamping mechanism is arranged at the end of the telescopic rod (11) far away from the movable column (10). A driving spring (12) is fixedly connected to the end of the telescopic rod (11) close to the movable column (10). The end of the driving spring (12) far away from the telescopic rod (11) is fixedly connected with a connecting block (13). One end of the connecting block (13) close to the mounting shaft (9) is fixedly connected with a steel wire rope (14). The end of the steel wire rope (14) far away from the connecting block (13) is wound around the mounting shaft (9) for several turns and then fixedly connected to the mounting shaft (9). The winding direction of the steel wire rope (14) on the mounting shaft (9) is the same as the rotating direction of the movable column (10) away from the support column (3). An installation groove (17) is formed in the clamping plate (5). A slider (18) is fixedly connected in the installation groove (17) where the movable frame (7) is located. The slider (18) is adapted to the installation groove (17) and is slidably connected with the clamping plate (5). A reset spring (19) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the slider (18). The reset spring (19) is located in the installation groove (17) and is fixedly connected with the clamping plate (5). The linkage mechanism includes a linkage plate (22) fixedly connected to the mounting plate (4). The linkage plate (22) is located between the two clamping plates (5). The linkage plate (22) is an inverted isosceles trapezoid. An inclined slot (23) is formed in the side of the movable frame (7) close to the linkage plate (22). The two hypotenuses of the linkage plate (22) are respectively located in the two inclined slots (23) and are in contact with the two movable frames (7).

2. The arch installation equipment for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving mechanism includes a speed reducer (15) fixedly connected to the clamping plate (5). The output end of the speed reducer (15) is fixedly connected with a driving shaft (16). The driving shaft (16) passes through the clamping plate (5) and is in transmission connection with the two support wheels (6).

3. The arch frame installation equipment for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping plates (5) are provided with limiting grooves (20) on both sides of the slider (18). The slider (18) is provided with limiting studs (21) in the limiting grooves (20), and the limiting studs (21) are threadedly connected to the slider (18).

4. An arch installation device for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both side surfaces of the mounting plate (4) are threadedly connected with limiting bolts (24), and the limiting bolts (24) are located on the side of the clamping plate (5) away from the support column (3).

5. The arch installation device for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance adjusting mechanism includes a bidirectional threaded rod (25) rotatably connected to the support column (3). The two ends of the bidirectional threaded rod (25) respectively pass through the two clamping plates (5) and are threadedly connected to the two clamping plates (5). One end of the bidirectional threaded rod (25) is fixedly connected with a hand wheel (26).

6. The arch installation equipment for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of strip-shaped grooves (27) are axially formed on the outer periphery of one end of the telescopic rod (11) close to the movable column (10), and the movable column (10) is fixedly connected with a limiting block (28) in the strip-shaped grooves (27).

7. The arch installation equipment for tunnel construction according to claim 6, characterized in that, The clamping mechanism includes a connecting shaft (29) fixedly connected to the end of the telescopic rod (11). The connecting shaft (29) is rotatably connected with two oppositely arranged clamping jaws (30), and a torsion spring is arranged between the clamping jaws (30) and the connecting shaft (29).

8. Installation method of an arch installation device for tunnel construction, characterized in that, Including an arch installation device for tunnel construction according to any one of claims 1-7, comprising the following steps: S1. Place the middle part of the arc-shaped arch on the support wheels (6). Drive the two clamping plates (5) to approach each other through the distance adjusting mechanism, so that the auxiliary wheels (8) on the two clamping plates (5) approach each other. When the auxiliary wheels (8) on the two clamping plates (5) approach each other, they will move downward under the drive of the linkage mechanism, and then press the arch against the support wheels (6). S2. Clamp the two ends of the arch through the clamping mechanism at the end of the telescopic rod (11), so that the clamping mechanism connects the telescopic rods (11) on both sides of the support column (3) and the two ends of the arch. When the arch rotates driven by the support wheels (6), it will synchronously drive the movable column (10) and the telescopic rod (11) to rotate around the mounting shaft (9). S3. When the movable column (10) and the telescopic rod (11) rotate around the mounting shaft (9), the steel rope (14) will wind around the mounting shaft (9). When the movable column (10) and the telescopic rod (11) rotate towards the mounting shaft (9), the driving spring (12) will contract under the action of the steel rope (14). Let the radius of the mounting shaft (9) be r and the rotation angle of the movable column (10) be θ°. According to the formula for the arc length corresponding to the angle l = nπr / 180, the contraction length of the driving spring (12) can be calculated as θπr / 180. Let the spring constant of the driving spring (12) be k. According to the spring elastic force formula F = kx, the tensile force provided by the telescopic rod (11) towards the mounting shaft (9) for the end of the arch frame is kθπr / 180. As the movable column (10) approaches the support column (3), the tensile force will continuously increase. When the movable column (10) moves away from the support column (3), the tensile force will decrease, thereby providing a tensile force for the end of the arch frame close to the support column (3) to balance the gravity on the other side of the arch frame, minimizing the risk of the arch frame slipping off the support wheel (6) and causing personal injury, and at the same time keeping the arch frame balanced during installation; S4. After adjusting the position of the arch frame, start the hydraulic cylinder (2) to drive the support column (3) to lift the arch frame to a suitable position for the welding and installation work of the arch frame. After the installation is completed, adjust the distance between the two clamping plates (5) through the distance adjustment mechanism to make the two clamping plates (5) move away from each other. When the auxiliary wheels (8) on the two clamping plates (5) move away from each other, they will move up synchronously, thereby causing the auxiliary wheels (8) to press against the arch frame. Start the hydraulic cylinder (2) to drive the support column (3) to move down, and the support wheel (6) will disengage from the arch frame, completing the installation of the arch frame.

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