A high-symmetry machining method for aluminum thin-wall cavity parts

Abstract

The present invention relates to a high-symmetry machining method for aluminum thin-wall cavity parts. A special tooling is used to fix the parts to the workbench, including S1: fixing the special tooling on the workbench; S2: positioning the thin-wall cavity part on the chassis so that both sides of the thin-wall cavity part are clamped between the clamping block and the positioning block; S3: gradually pressing one side of the thin-wall cavity part with the pressing plate and the pressing block; S4: establishing a zero-point coordinate system; S5: using an alloy end mill to machine the positioning groove or positioning boss at one end of the thin-wall cavity part layer by layer; S6: rotating the four-axis workbench by 180 degrees and using an alloy end mill to machine the positioning groove or positioning boss at the other end of the thin-wall cavity part layer by layer. The beneficial effect of the present invention is that it ensures the high symmetry of the aluminum thin-wall cavity parts, the fixture structure is simple, and the clamping and alignment are convenient and fast.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of numerical control milling machining, and relates to a high-symmetry machining method for aluminum thin-wall cavity parts. Background Art

[0002] The aluminum middle frame is an important structural part of a certain product. Due to strict weight restrictions and quality requirements, such parts are all machined from solid sheet materials into thin-wall cavities, and the raw material removal rate is more than 90%. As a connecting part that connects the upper and lower parts, the aluminum middle frame plays a decisive role in the geometric tolerances of the upper and lower connecting structural parts. Therefore, there are extremely strict symmetry requirements for the positioning dimensions. However, when machining thin-wall cavity aluminum parts, it is generally difficult to achieve a high degree of symmetry due to factors such as insufficient machine tool accuracy, stress deformation, and clamping deformation. How to improve the symmetry of aluminum thin-wall cavity parts is an important issue in the field of numerical control milling machining. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention is precisely designed and provided with a high-symmetry machining method for aluminum thin-wall cavity parts in view of the above-mentioned existing technical situation, and its purpose is to improve the machining accuracy of high-symmetry positioning dimensions on aluminum thin-wall cavity parts.

[0004] The technical solution of the present application is as follows:

[0005] A high-symmetry machining method for aluminum thin-wall cavity parts, which uses a special fixture to fix the part to the workbench. The special fixture includes a chassis fixedly connected to the workbench, a positioning block and a clamping block abutting against the chassis, a support plate fixedly connected to the chassis, four support rods fixedly connected to the chassis, a pressing block slidably connected to the support rods, and a pressing plate abutting against the pressing block; the four support rods are divided into two groups; the two upper support rods are in one group, and the two lower support rods are in one group; each group of support rods and a pressing block form a set of pressing mechanisms; the positioning block is fixedly connected to the chassis; the clamping block is arranged opposite to the positioning block;

[0006] The chassis, the positioning block, the pressing block, and the clamping block enclose a rectangular structure;

[0007] The part is arranged inside the rectangular structure, and the part is aligned and clamped in the left-right direction by the positioning block and the clamping block;

[0008] The part is aligned in the front-back direction by the chassis and the pressing plate, and is pressed by the pressing block;

[0009] A screw is arranged on the support plate; the screw abuts against the pressing block.

[0010] The machining method includes the following steps,

[0011] S1. Fix the tooling on the four-axis workbench, use a dial indicator to detect the flatness of the chassis contact reference plane in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction and the perpendicularity of the positioning block, so that the dial indicator reading < 0.01 mm;

[0012] S2. Position the thin-walled cavity part on the chassis, rotate the screw to make the clamping block gently support the thin-walled cavity part, and use a dial indicator to detect the deviation of the reference line A and the reference line B of the thin-walled cavity part in the X-axis direction, so that the dial indicator reading < 0.01 mm;

[0013] S3. Tighten the nut to gradually press the pressing plate and the pressing block against the thin-walled cavity part, and use a micrometer to detect the deformation amount of the reference line A and the reference line B in the X-axis direction until it is pressed tightly, so that the micrometer reading < 0.005 mm;

[0014] S4. Level the positioning reference plane where the reference line A and the reference line B are located in the Z-axis direction, and establish a machining coordinate system with this reference plane as the zero point;

[0015] S5. Use an alloy end mill to mill the positioning groove or positioning boss at one end of the thin-walled cavity part layer by layer, and use a dial indicator to detect the deformation amount of the reference line A and the reference line B in the X-axis direction, so that the dial indicator reading < 0.01 mm;

[0016] S6. Rotate the four-axis workbench 180 degrees, level the positioning reference plane where the reference line A and the reference line B are located in the Z-axis direction again, and re-establish a machining coordinate system with this reference plane as the zero point;

[0017] S7. Use an alloy end mill to mill the positioning groove or positioning boss at the other end of the thin-walled cavity part layer by layer, and use a dial indicator to detect the deformation amount of the reference line A and the reference line B in the X-axis direction, so that the dial indicator reading < 0.01 mm.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows.

[0019] The advantages of the technical solution of the present invention are that the high symmetry of the aluminum thin-walled cavity part is ensured by means of a special tooling and measurement with a dial indicator and a micrometer, the fixture structure is simple, and the clamping and alignment are convenient and fast. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of an aluminum thin-walled cavity part;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic clamping structure diagram for milling one end face of the aluminum thin-walled cavity part;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic clamping structure diagram for milling the other end face of the aluminum thin-walled cavity part.

[0023] Reference Numerals in the Drawings:

[0024] 1 - Workbench, 2 - Chassis, 3 - Positioning block, 4 - Clamping block, 5 - Pressure plate, 6 - Pressing block, 7 - Nut, 8 - Screw rod. Specific embodiments

[0025] It should be noted that the discussion of any embodiment of the present invention is only exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present disclosure (including the claims) is limited to these examples; there are many other variations of the different aspects of the present invention as described above, and for the sake of brevity, they are not provided in detail. Therefore, other embodiments are also within the protection scope of the corresponding claim items.

[0026] In addition, it should be noted that the use of words such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Without additional statements, the above words have no special meanings, especially there is no specific meaning of "main, secondary" or arrangement order, so it cannot be understood as a limitation on the protection scope of the present application.

[0027] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0028] Embodiment 1

[0029] As Figures 1-3 shown,

[0030] As Figure 1 shown, one end of the thin-walled part has two symmetric protrusions, and the other end has two symmetric grooves; the purpose of this method is to ensure the symmetry of the two protrusions and the two grooves to ensure the correctness during use.

[0031] A high-symmetry machining method for an aluminum thin-walled cavity part, which uses a special tooling to fix the part to the workbench 1. The special tooling includes a chassis 2 fixedly connected to the workbench 1, a positioning block 3 and a clamping block 4 abutting against the chassis 2, a support plate fixedly connected to the chassis 2, four support rods fixedly connected to the chassis 2, a pressing block 6 slidably connected to the support rods, and a pressure plate 5 abutting against the pressing block 6; the four support rods are divided into two groups; the two upper support rods are one group, and the two lower support rods are one group; each group of support rods and a pressing block 6 form a set of pressing mechanisms; the positioning block 3 is fixedly connected to the chassis 2; the clamping block 4 is arranged opposite to the positioning block 3;

[0032] The chassis 2, the positioning block 3, the pressing block 6 and the clamping block 4 enclose a rectangular structure;

[0033] The part is arranged inside the rectangular structure, and the part is aligned and clamped in the left-right direction by the positioning block 3 and the clamping block 4;

[0034] The part is aligned in the front - rear direction by the chassis 2 and the pressing plate 5, and is clamped by the pressing block 6;

[0035] A screw 8 is provided on the support plate; the screw 8 abuts against the clamping block 4.

[0036] The processing method includes the following steps,

[0037] 1. Fix the tooling on the four - axis workbench 1, and use a dial indicator to detect the flatness of the contact reference surface of the chassis 2 in the X - axis direction and the Z - axis direction and the perpendicularity of the positioning block 3, so that the indication value of the dial indicator < 0.01 mm;

[0038] 2. Position the thin - wall cavity part on the chassis 2, rotate the screw 8 to make the clamping block 4 gently support the thin - wall cavity part, and use a dial indicator to detect the deviation of the reference line A and the reference line B of the thin - wall cavity part in the X - axis direction, so that the indication value of the dial indicator < 0.01 mm;

[0039] 3. Tighten the nut 7 to make the pressing plate 5 and the pressing block 6 gradually clamp the thin - wall cavity part, and use a micrometer to detect the deformation amount of the reference line A and the reference line B in the X - axis direction until it is clamped, so that the indication value of the micrometer < 0.005 mm;

[0040] 4. Level the positioning reference surface where the reference line A and the reference line B are located in the Z - axis direction, and establish a machining coordinate system with this reference surface as the zero point;

[0041] 5. Use an alloy end - mill to mill the positioning groove or positioning boss at one end of the thin - wall cavity part layer by layer, and use a dial indicator to detect the deformation amount of the reference line A and the reference line B in the X - axis direction, so that the indication value of the dial indicator < 0.01 mm;

[0042] 6. Rotate the four - axis workbench 1 by 180 degrees, level the positioning reference surface where the reference line A and the reference line B are located in the Z - axis direction again, and re - establish a machining coordinate system with this reference surface as the zero point;

[0043] 7. Use an alloy end - mill to mill the positioning groove or positioning boss at the other end of the thin - wall cavity part layer by layer, and use a dial indicator to detect the deformation amount of the reference line A and the reference line B in the X - axis direction, so that the indication value of the dial indicator < 0.01 mm.

[0044] Although the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. The scope of the following claims should be given the broadest interpretation so as to cover all variations and equivalent structures and functions.

[0045] The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention. At present, the technical solution of this application has adopted the best implementation mode of Embodiment 1 and has carried out pilot tests, that is, small-scale experiments before large-scale production of the product; after the pilot test, user usage research has been carried out on a small scale, and the research results show that the user satisfaction is relatively high; now preparations are underway for the formal production and industrialization of the product; the above is only the preferred specific implementation mode of the present invention; however, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and its improved conceptions, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be embraced by the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims involved.

Claims

1. A high-symmetry machining method for aluminum thin-walled cavity parts; characterized in that: Fix the part to the workbench (1) using a special tooling fixture. The special tooling fixture includes a chassis (2) fixedly connected to the workbench (1), a positioning block (3) and a clamping block (4) abutting against the chassis (2), a support plate fixedly connected to the chassis (2), four support rods fixedly connected to the chassis (2), a pressing block (6) slidably connected to the support rods, and a pressing plate (5) abutting against the pressing block (6); the four support rods are divided into two groups; the upper two support rods are one group, and the lower two support rods are one group; each group of support rods and a pressing block (6) form a set of pressing mechanisms; the positioning block (3) is fixedly connected to the chassis (2); the clamping block (4) is arranged opposite to the positioning block (3); The chassis (2), the positioning block (3), the pressing block (6), and the clamping block (4) enclose a rectangular structure; The part is placed inside the rectangular structure, and the part is aligned and clamped in the left - right direction by the positioning block (3) and the clamping block (4); The part is aligned in the front - back direction by the chassis (2) and the pressing plate (5), and is pressed by the pressing block (6); A screw (8) is provided on the support plate; the screw (8) abuts against the clamping block (4); The processing method includes the following steps, S1, Fix the special tooling fixture on the workbench (1); S2, Locate the thin - wall cavity part on the chassis (2), rotate the screw (8) so that both sides of the thin - wall cavity part are clamped between the clamping block (4) and the positioning block (3); S3, Tighten the nut (7) so that the pressing plate (5) and the pressing block (6) gradually press one side of the thin - wall cavity part; S4, Level the positioning reference plane where the reference line A and the reference line B are located in the Z - axis direction, and establish a machining coordinate system with this reference plane as the zero point; S5, Use an alloy end - mill to mill the positioning groove or positioning boss at one end of the thin - wall cavity part layer by layer; S6, Rotate the workbench (1) by 180 degrees; Level the positioning reference plane where the reference line A and the reference line B are located again in the Z - axis direction, and re - establish a machining coordinate system with this reference plane as the zero point; Use an alloy end - mill to mill the positioning groove or positioning boss at the other end of the thin - wall cavity part layer by layer, and use a dial indicator to detect the deformation amount in the X - axis direction of the reference line A and the reference line B, so that the reading of the dial indicator < 0.01mm.

2. A high-symmetry machining method for an aluminum thin-walled cavity part according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S1 includes using a dial indicator to detect the flatness of the contact reference plane of the chassis (2) in the X - axis direction and the Z - axis direction and the perpendicularity of the positioning block (3), so that the reading of the dial indicator < 0.01mm.

3. A high-symmetry machining method for an aluminum thin-walled cavity part according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step S2 includes using a dial indicator to detect the deviation of the reference line A and the reference line B of the thin - wall cavity part in the X - axis direction, so that the reading of the dial indicator < 0.01mm.

4. A high-symmetry machining method for an aluminum thin-walled cavity part according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step S3 includes using a micrometer to detect the deformation amount in the X - axis direction of the reference line A and the reference line B until it is pressed, so that the reading of the micrometer < 0.005mm.

5. A high-symmetry machining method for an aluminum thin-walled cavity part according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step S5 includes using a dial indicator to detect the deformation amount in the X - axis direction of the reference line A and the reference line B, so that the reading of the dial indicator < 0.01mm.

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