Deep rock in-situ environment reconstruction and three-dimensional force-heat-sound-vibration-flow multi-field testing system

Abstract

The present application relates to deep rock in-situ environment reconstruction and three-dimensional force-heat-acoustic vibration-flow multi-field test system, including experiment cabin and seepage system, experiment cabin includes box, six butt pressure heads and elastic pressure box placed in the box; six butt pressure heads are respectively installed in six directions of the box and can be axially moved relative to the box; the elastic pressure box includes six pressure heads for contacting with the sample, six pressure heads are respectively butt jointed with one butt pressure head; a plurality of permeation holes are arranged at the front end of each pressure head, the seepage system is connected with the permeation holes; the pressure head is provided with temperature sensor, heat flow sensor, acoustic emission probe and ultrasonic probe, and a displacement detection mechanism is arranged between two pressure heads in the same axial direction. The present application can realize three-dimensional multi-parameter synchronous monitoring and collection of sample deformation+acoustic emission+ultrasonic wave+temperature field+seepage field+heat flow field, and has great significance for the research and development of basic theory and technology such as construction of scientific new theory of deep underground engineering, deep resource evaluation, exploitation and application, etc.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of rock mechanical behavior testing, in particular to a deep rock in-situ environment reconstruction and three-dimensional force-heat-sound-vibration-flow multi-field testing system. BACKGROUND

[0002] China is in the stage of accelerating industrialization and urbanization, and the demand for resources is increasing. The resources in the shallow part of the earth have gradually exhausted. A large amount of resources, energy are stored in the deep earth, deep sea and deep space, so the deep part is gradually explored. Due to the unknown of the deep earth and the lack of scientific theory, the related engineering implementation faces great challenges. In the aspect of deep earth resource exploitation and utilization: the exploitation environment faces high stress, high ground temperature, high permeation pressure and more severe engineering disturbance, which leads to high difficulty and cost of deep resource development, high frequency, large magnitude and difficult prediction of disaster accidents, which seriously affects the safe and efficient exploitation of deep resources. Therefore, it is of great theoretical, engineering and strategic significance to carry out related physical and mechanical tests of deep rock mass. At present, the related theory and technology of conventional resource exploration and development in the shallow part of the earth are relatively mature, but the theory and technology of deep earth resource development and utilization are still lacking, and the establishment of the theory and technology system cannot be separated from the supporting physical and mechanical experimental system.

[0003] For deep mineral resource exploitation, carbon dioxide geological storage, underground space development and geothermal development engineering, due to the effects of tectonic stress, mining disturbance, occurrence environment, formation stress and reservoir water environment, the stress environment is true triaxial stress state, especially in the deep part, the stress presents high pressure characteristics. There is a lack of an experimental system that can perform real-time synchronous monitoring of multiple physical fields, multiple scales and three-dimensional multi-parameters under complex environmental conditions such as high temperature, high pressure and high permeation pressure. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a deep rock in-situ environment reconstruction and three-dimensional force-heat-sound-vibration-flow multi-field testing system to solve the above technical problems.

[0005] The present application is implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0006] The deep rock in-situ environment reconstruction and three-dimensional force-heat-sound-vibration-flow multi-field testing system provided by the present application includes an experimental cabin and a seepage system, the experimental cabin includes a box body, six docking pressure heads and an elastic pressure box; the six docking pressure heads are located in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions in pairs, and the six docking pressure heads are respectively installed in the through holes of the six directions of the box body and can move axially relative to the box body, the front end of the docking pressure head extends into the inside of the box body, and the rear end is exposed outside the box body;

[0007] The elastic pressure box is operatively disposed in the box body, and the elastic pressure box comprises six pressure heads, the six pressure heads are located in X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions in pairs, rear ends of the six pressure heads are respectively butted with front ends of one of the butt-joint pressure heads, and front ends of the six pressure heads are used for contacting with the sample; a plurality of permeation holes are arranged at the front end of each pressure head, a percolation medium channel is arranged in each pressure head, one end of the percolation medium channel is communicated with the plurality of permeation holes, and the other end of the percolation medium channel is connected with a percolation system; a temperature sensor, a heat flow sensor, an acoustic emission probe and an ultrasonic probe are arranged at the front end of the pressure head, and a displacement detection mechanism is arranged or not arranged between two pressure heads in the same axial direction.

[0008] Optionally, the percolation system comprises three percolation inlet pipes, three percolation outlet pipes and a plunger pump disposed outside the box body, valves are respectively arranged on the three percolation inlet pipes and the three percolation outlet pipes, one end of the three percolation inlet pipes is connected with the plunger pump, and the three percolation outlet pipes are respectively provided with flow meters at outlets thereof.

[0009] The other end of the three percolation inlet pipes is respectively connected with the percolation medium channel of one of the pressure heads in the X-axis direction, one of the pressure heads in the Y-axis direction and one of the pressure heads in the Z-axis direction; and the inlet end of the three percolation outlet pipes is respectively connected with the percolation medium channel of the other pressure head in the X-axis direction, the other pressure head in the Y-axis direction and the other pressure head in the Z-axis direction.

[0010] In particular, the deep rock in-situ environment reconstruction and three-dimensional force-heat-acoustic-vibration-flow multi-field test system further comprises a sample clamp and a hydraulic sealing system, the front end of the pressure head has an annular groove, an annular sealing strip is embedded in the annular groove, a sealing medium injection channel is arranged in the pressure head, one end of the sealing medium injection channel is communicated with the annular groove, and the other end of the sealing medium injection channel is connected with the hydraulic sealing system.

[0011] The sample clamp comprises a rigid outer cubic frame and a flexible inner cubic frame, the rigid outer cubic frame and the flexible inner cubic frame both have 12 frame edges, and six faces of the rigid outer cubic frame and the flexible inner cubic frame are all rectangular frames; the 12 outer corners of the flexible inner cubic frame are attached to the 12 inner corners of the rigid outer cubic frame.

[0012] Each face of the flexible inner cubic frame has an integrally manufactured annular flange, the annular flange is adapted to the annular sealing groove of the annular sealing strip; the flexible inner cubic frame can be loaded with a sample, the six pressure heads can be operatively passed through six directional frame openings of the rigid outer cubic frame and the flexible inner cubic frame, and the annular flanges of the six faces of the flexible inner cubic frame are correspondingly loaded into the annular sealing grooves of the annular sealing strips on the six pressure heads.

[0013] In particular, the pressure head comprises a pressure head body and a permeation block, the front end of the pressure head body has an annular groove and a rectangular protrusion, the annular groove is located at the front end edge of the pressure head body, and the rectangular protrusion is located in the inner periphery of the annular groove; the front end surface of the rectangular protrusion has an integrally manufactured embedding groove, the permeation block is embedded in the embedding groove, a plurality of permeation holes are arranged on the permeation block, and the permeation holes penetrate through the permeation block front and back; the seepage medium channel and the sealing medium injection channel are arranged in the pressure head body, one end of the seepage medium channel penetrates through the embedding groove, and the other end of the sealing medium injection channel and the seepage medium channel penetrates through the outer surface of the pressure head body.

[0014] Optionally, the hydraulic sealing system comprises one sealing main pipe, six sealing branch pipes, a flow distribution assembly, and a high-pressure plunger pump arranged outside the box body; the flow distribution assembly has one inlet and six outlets, the six outlets are respectively connected with one of the sealing branch pipes, and the one inlet is connected with the high-pressure plunger pump through the sealing main pipe; the sealing main pipe is connected with the sealing medium injection channels of the six pressure heads 51 through the six sealing branch pipes.

[0015] Optionally, the side surface of the box body is provided with an aviation plug area, and the aviation plug area has temperature aviation plugs, warm flow aviation plugs, acoustic emission aviation plugs, acoustic wave aviation plugs, and deformation aviation plugs which are adapted to the six pressure heads; the temperature aviation plugs are connected with temperature sensors, the warm flow aviation plugs are connected with heat flow sensors, the acoustic emission aviation plugs are connected with acoustic emission probes, the acoustic wave aviation plugs are connected with ultrasonic probes, and the deformation aviation plugs are connected with displacement detection mechanisms.

[0016] Optionally, the six pressure heads are connected together by elastic sheets.

[0017] Optionally, the top of the box body is provided with an air inlet, an air outlet, and a cold source port.

[0018] In particular, the deep rock in-situ environment reconstruction and three-dimensional force-heat-acoustic-vibration-flow multi-field test system further comprises a triaxial six-direction loading system, and the triaxial six-direction loading system comprises six hydraulic actuators, and the six hydraulic actuators are located in X, Y and Z axial directions two by two.

[0019] The hydraulic actuator comprises a cylinder, a piston and an actuating pressure head, the actuating pressure head is connected with the free end of the piston, the actuating pressure heads of the six hydraulic actuators are used for being respectively connected with the rear ends of the six pressure heads, and the end of the actuating pressure head is provided with a strain sheet; a first displacement sensor is arranged between the cylinder and the piston, and / or a force sensor is arranged between the actuating pressure head and the piston.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The application can realize three-way multi-parameter synchronous monitoring and collection of deformation, acoustic emission, ultrasonic wave, temperature field, seepage field and heat flow field, and has great significance for the research and development of scientific new theory of deep underground engineering, basic theory and technology of deep resource evaluation, mining and application, etc.

[0022] 2. The box of the experimental cabin of the application can be connected with a triaxial six-way stress loading system or an elastic pressure box, the loading system force can be transmitted to the sample, and the sample can be provided with an environmental temperature, so that the mechanical behavior test of the reservoir rock under real-time environment can be realized.

[0023] 3. The application can provide a high-temperature environment for the sample by introducing hot air into the box through the air inlet, and can provide a low-temperature environment for the sample by injecting a cold source into the box through the cold source port, so that the rock physical and mechanical experiment under real-time high-temperature and low-temperature environment can be carried out. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] The drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the embodiments of the application, constitute a part of the application, and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the application.

[0025] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional view of the experimental cabin in the embodiment;

[0026] Figure 2 is a sectional view of the experimental cabin in the embodiment;

[0027] Figure 3 is a front view of the aviation plug-in area in the embodiment;

[0028] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional view of the top wall plate of the box in the embodiment;

[0029] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional view of the elastic plate in the embodiment;

[0030] Figure 6 is a three-dimensional view of the elastic pressure box when the displacement detection mechanism is provided between each pair of pressure heads in the embodiment;

[0031] Figure 7 is a front view of the elastic pressure box in the embodiment;

[0032] Figure 8 is Figure 7 a sectional view at A-A in the embodiment;

[0033] Figure 9 is Figure 7 a sectional view at B-B in the embodiment;

[0034] Figure 10 is a three-dimensional view of the pressure head in the embodiment;

[0035] Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of the pressure head at the first cross section in the embodiment;

[0036] Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view of the pressure head at the second section in the embodiment;

[0037] Figure 13 is a three-dimensional diagram of the sample holder in the embodiment;

[0038] Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view of a sample holder in the embodiment;

[0039] Figure 15 is a three-dimensional diagram of the flexible inner cube frame of an embodiment;

[0040] Figure 16 is a cross-sectional view of the flexible inner cubic frame of an embodiment;

[0041] Figure 17 Schematic diagram of the connection between the seepage system, the hydraulic sealing system and the elastic pressure box in the embodiment;

[0042] Figure 18 This is a cross-sectional view of the experimental chamber when the docking pressure head is equipped with a heating plate in the embodiment;

[0043] Figure 19 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the embodiment in which the butt-jointing pressure head equipped with a heating plate is mounted on a wall panel;

[0044] Figure 20 is a three-dimensional diagram of the three-axis six-directional loading system in the embodiment;

[0045] Figure 21 This is a front view of the three-axis six-way loading system at the tensioning cylinder in the embodiment;

[0046] Figure 22 2. It is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic actuator in an embodiment;

[0047] Figure 23 Schematic diagram of the experimental chamber placed in the loading frame of the three-axis six-directional loading system in the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations.

[0049] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely represents selected embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the application.

[0050] In the description of the application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly placed when the product of the application is used, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art, and are only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the application.

[0051] In the description of the application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set", "mount", "connected", "connected" should be broadly understood, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be connected inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0052] As shown in Figure 1 The deep rock in-situ environment reconstruction and three-dimensional force-thermal-acoustic-shock-flow multi-field test system disclosed by the embodiment comprises an experimental cabin, and the experimental cabin comprises a box body 1, butt joint pressure heads 2 and elastic pressure boxes 5. The box body 1 has a space for accommodating the elastic pressure boxes 5, and the elastic pressure boxes 5 are operatively arranged in the box body 1.

[0053] The butt joint pressure heads 2 are six in number, and the six butt joint pressure heads 2 are respectively located in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions. The box body 1 has a hexahedral structure, and one butt joint pressure head 2 is arranged on each face. The six butt joint pressure heads 2 are respectively arranged in the through holes of the six faces of the box body 1, and the butt joint pressure heads 2 are axially movable relative to the box body 1, with the front ends of the butt joint pressure heads 2 extending into the box body 1 and the rear ends of the butt joint pressure heads 2 exposed outside the box body 1. The front ends of the six butt joint pressure heads 2 are respectively used for butt joint with the rear ends of six pressure heads 51 of the elastic pressure boxes 5, and the front ends of the six pressure heads 51 are respectively used for contacting six faces of a sample 10. The rear ends of the butt joint pressure heads 2 are respectively used for butt joint with actuators.

[0054] A temperature medium port is provided on the housing 1, through which media of different temperatures can be injected to construct the ambient temperature. In one possible design, the temperature medium port includes an air inlet 31, an air outlet 32, and a cold source port 33. By connecting the air source to the air inlet 31, air of different temperatures can be injected into the housing 1, thereby controlling the internal temperature, and the injected air is then sent out from the air outlet 32. For example, the air inlet 31 is connected to a hot air source, and hot air is sent into the interior to heat the interior space. By connecting the cold source port 33 to a cold source, a cold source can be injected into the housing 1 to control the internal temperature. For example, by utilizing a liquid nitrogen supply system, liquid nitrogen can be injected into the housing 1 through the cold source port 33 to cool the interior space; a portion of the injected liquid nitrogen turns into gas and can be discharged from the air inlet 31 and the air outlet 32.

[0055] It is worth noting that the number of the air inlets 31 and the air outlets 32 can be reasonably set according to needs.

[0056] In one possible design, the box 1 is integrally assembled with a high-rigidity outer cubic frame 11. This integrally manufactured outer cubic frame 11 ensures overall system stability. Six wall panels 12 are screwed to the outer cubic frame 11 in each of the six directions of the box 1. Six docking rams 2 are each mounted in the center of one of the wall panels 12. Wall panels 12 are preferably made of thermal insulation material.

[0057] In a possible design, the air inlet 31, the air outlet 32 ​​and the cold source port 33 are all provided on the wall panel 12 at the top of the box body 1. In particular, a row of air inlets 31 and a row of air outlets 32 are respectively provided on both sides of the wall panel 12 at the top of the box body 1.

[0058] In one possible design, an elastic plate 13 is provided on the outside of each wall panel 12, and the two ends of the elastic plate 13 are movably connected to the outer cubic frame 11. There are coaxial through holes on the elastic plate 13 and the wall panel 12, and the docking pressure head 2 is installed in the through hole. The docking pressure head 2 is fixed to the elastic plate 13 by screws. There is a gap between the elastic plate 13 and the outer surface of the wall panel 12, so that the elastic plate 13 and the docking pressure head 2 can move axially inward by an end distance relative to the wall panel 12.

[0059] Optional, such as Figure 2 、 Figure 4 As shown, recessed grooves are provided on the six edges of the outer cubic frame 11. The outer edges of the wall panels 12 have flanges 121 that fit within the recessed grooves. Flanges 121 are attached to the recessed grooves and secured with screws. Specifically, flanges 121 are disconnected at locations corresponding to the elastic plates 13, forming relief notches 122.

[0060] Optional, such as Figure 5As shown, the elastic plate 13 has at least two strip-shaped notches 131 at both ends, and the outer cubic frame 11 is provided with corresponding snap pins at positions corresponding to the strip-shaped notches 131, and the elastic plate 13 is clamped on the snap pins through the strip-shaped notches 131 at both ends, so as to realize the movable connection of the elastic plate 13 and the outer cubic frame 11, and the snap pins can slide in the strip-shaped notches 131 under the action of an axial external force. In particular, the snap pin is a screw.

[0061] As shown in Figure 2 , Figure 6 , the elastic pressure box 5 includes six pressure heads 51, and the six pressure heads 51 are respectively used for butt joint with the six butt joint pressure heads 2.

[0062] In a possible design, as shown in Figures 8-12 , the pressure head 51 includes a pressure head body 511 and a permeation block 512. The front end of the pressure head body 511 has an annular groove located at the edge of the front end of the pressure head body 511 and a rectangular protrusion 513 located in the periphery of the annular groove, and a ring-shaped sealing strip 57 is embedded in the annular groove. Among them, the annular groove and the rectangular protrusion 513 are integrally manufactured with the pressure head body 511.

[0063] The permeation medium channel 514 and the sealing medium injection channel 515 are arranged in the pressure head body 511, one end of the sealing medium injection channel 515 is penetrated through the annular groove of the pressure head body 511, and the other end is penetrated through the outer surface of the pressure head body 511.

[0064] The front end surface of the rectangular protrusion 513 has an embedded groove integrally manufactured, the permeation block 512 is embedded in the embedded groove through a screw, a plurality of permeation holes 516 are uniformly arranged on the permeation block 512, and the permeation holes 516 are penetrated through the permeation block 512 front and back. One end of the permeation medium channel 514 is penetrated through the embedded groove, and the other end is penetrated through the outer surface of the pressure head body 511. Different temperature and pressure permeation media can be injected through the permeation medium channel 514 according to experimental requirements, the permeation medium flows into the embedded groove and then uniformly flows to the sample through a plurality of permeation holes 516. And the sealing medium injection channel 515 can inject high-pressure sealing medium into the annular groove, which can prevent the permeation medium from flowing out from the edge of the sample, and can be used for rock mass permeation test.

[0065] In a possible design, as shown in Figure 11 , Figure 12 , the front end of the pressure head 51 is provided with an acoustic emission probe 58 and an ultrasonic probe 59.

[0066] In a possible design, as shown in Figures 3-5 , the acoustic emission probe 58 is arranged in the acoustic emission probe mounting hole at the front end of the pressure head 51, and there is a sealing ring between the acoustic emission probe 58 and the pressure head 51. In particular, the front end of the pressure head 51 is provided with three acoustic emission probes 58, and the three acoustic emission probes 58 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction with the center of the pressure head 51 as the center.

[0067] In one possible design, the pressure head 51 is equipped with two high-temperature and high-pressure resistant ultrasonic probes 59, one for P waves and the other for S waves. The ultrasonic probes 59 are installed in the ultrasonic probe mounting holes at the front end of the pressure head 51, with a sealing ring between the ultrasonic probes 59 and the pressure head 51.

[0068] In one possible design, three sets of high-temperature, high-pressure acoustic emission probes are pre-installed on the front of each indenter 51, with a sampling frequency of 20 to 1200 kHz and 10 Hz, enabling real-time monitoring of microseismic signals during rock fracturing. Optionally, two of the sets of high-temperature, high-pressure acoustic emission probes incorporate ultrasonic detection capabilities, one each for P and S waves, enabling real-time ultrasonic monitoring during the experiment.

[0069] In one possible design, a temperature sensor and a heat flow sensor resistant to high temperature and high pressure are installed in the middle of the front end of each pressure head 51, which can realize real-time monitoring of the surface temperature of the sample during the experiment and measure the heat flow.

[0070] Specifically, a temperature and heat flow integrated probe is embedded in the center hole of each indenter 51. A thermal pad 53 is installed at the front end of the center hole of the indenter 51, which transmits the sample temperature to the temperature and heat flow integrated probe inside the center hole. A sealing ring is installed between the thermal pad 53 and the indenter 51.

[0071] Optionally, a docking port 54 adapted to the docking pressure head 2 is provided in the center of the pressure head 51 .

[0072] In a possible design, the pressure head 51 and the penetration block 512 are made of a high-rigidity alloy material with sufficient rigidity to meet 12 GN / m.

[0073] In a possible design, the deep rock in-situ environment reconstruction and three-dimensional force, heat, acoustic shock and flow multi-field testing system also includes a sample fixture 7. Figure 13 、 Figure 14 As shown, the sample fixture 7 is used to fix the cubic sample 10 and needs to have openings in six directions adapted to the six indenters 51 .

[0074] In one possible design, the sample holder 7 includes a rigid outer cubic frame 71 and a flexible inner cubic frame 72 . Both the rigid outer cubic frame 71 and the flexible inner cubic frame 72 have 12 frame edges 721 , and the six faces of the rigid outer cubic frame 71 and the flexible inner cubic frame 72 are rectangular frames.

[0075] The flexible inner cubic frame 72 can be loaded with the sample 10. The 12 outer corner positions 723 of the flexible inner cubic frame 72 fit in with the 12 inner corner positions of the rigid outer cubic frame 71.

[0076] In one possible design, the 12 inner corner positions of the flexible inner cubic frame 72 are provided with right-angled edge structures 724 which are adapted to the corners of the sample 10.

[0077] Optionally, the flexible inner cubic frame 72 is integrally manufactured with a wear-resistant and pressure-resistant high-strength rubber frame, and the rigid outer cubic frame 71 is a metal frame.

[0078] In one possible design, as shown in Figure 15 , Figure 16 Each face of the flexible inner cubic frame 72 is provided with an integrally manufactured annular flange 722, which is adapted to the annular groove of the pressure head body 511. As shown in Figure 11 The annular sealing strip 57 is provided with an annular sealing groove which is adapted to the annular flange 722, and the annular flange 722 can be installed in the annular sealing groove of the annular sealing strip 57. Optionally, the cross section of the annular sealing strip 57 is an open outward U-shaped structure. In particular, the annular sealing strip 57 is made of high-strength rubber.

[0079] In one possible design, the pressure head 51 is rectangular, and the pressure head 51 is adapted to the rectangular frame opening of the rigid outer cubic frame 71, and the two are relatively fixed by friction. The rectangular protrusion 513 is adapted to the rectangular frame opening of the flexible inner cubic frame 72.

[0080] In one possible design, as shown in Figure 6 The six pressure heads 51 are connected together by at least eight elastic sheets 52. The number of elastic sheets 52 is reasonably set according to the needs. In particular, the six pressure heads 51 are connected together by twelve elastic sheets 52, and the four sides of each pressure head 51 are connected to the four pressure heads 51 around it by one elastic sheet 52 respectively. The six pressure heads 51 are assembled together by twelve elastic sheets 52 to realize the close fixing and fitting of the pressure head and the cubic sample.

[0081] Optionally, the two ends of the elastic sheet 52 are connected to the two pressure heads 51 by screws. Optionally, the elastic sheet 52 is a high-elasticity metal sheet.

[0082] It is worth mentioning that the size of the pressure head 51 and the sample clamp 7 is reasonably set according to the needs. Optionally, a cubic sample with a side length of 100 mm can be placed in the sample clamp 7.

[0083] In one possible design, as shown in Figure 17 The deep rock in-situ environment reconstruction and three-dimensional force-thermal-acoustic-shock-flow multi-field test system further includes a seepage system and a hydraulic sealing system. The seepage system is connected to the seepage medium channel 514 of the pressure head 51 for injecting seepage medium, and the hydraulic sealing system is connected to the sealing medium injection channel 515 of the pressure head 51 for injecting sealing medium.

[0084] In one possible design, the seepage system includes three seepage inlet pipes 41 and three seepage outlet pipes 42, a flow meter (not shown), and a plunger pump (not shown) located outside the housing 1. The three seepage inlet pipes 41 are connected to the plunger pump via a four-way valve (not shown), creating a one-in, three-out system. Each of the three seepage inlet pipes 41 and the three seepage outlet pipes 42 is equipped with a valve 44.

[0085] The outlets of the three seepage outlet pipes 42 are each equipped with a flow meter, which can monitor the fluid outflow rate in real time. The three seepage inlet pipes 41 are respectively connected to the seepage medium channels 514 of one of the pressure heads 51 in the X-axis direction, one of the pressure heads 51 in the Y-axis direction, and one of the pressure heads 51 in the Z-axis direction. The inlet ends of the three seepage outlet pipes 42 are respectively connected to the seepage medium channels 514 of another pressure head 51 in the X-axis direction, another pressure head 51 in the Y-axis direction, and another pressure head 51 in the Z-axis direction. Fluids of different temperatures and pressures can be injected through the seepage medium channels 514 according to experimental requirements, and the fluids can flow evenly to the sample 10 through the permeation holes 516.

[0086] In one possible design, the hydraulic sealing system includes a sealing inlet pipe 43, six sealing branches 45, a diverter assembly 46, and a high-pressure plunger pump (not shown) located outside the housing 1. The diverter assembly 46 has one inlet and six outlets, each of which is connected to one of the sealing branches 45. One inlet is connected to the high-pressure plunger pump via the sealing inlet pipe 43, and the high-pressure plunger pump can provide a sealing pressure of 60 MPa. A valve 44 is installed on the sealing inlet pipe 43. The sealing main pipe 43 is connected to the sealing medium injection channels 515 of the six pressure heads 51 through the six sealing branches 45. The sealing medium injection channels 515 can be used to inject sealing medium into the annular groove of the pressure head 51 to prevent the seepage medium from flowing out from the edge of the sample 10.

[0087] Three seepage inlet pipes 41 , three seepage outlet pipes 42 , and one sealed inlet pipe 43 all extend to the outside of the box body 1 so as to be connected to an external plunger pump, flow meter, etc.

[0088] In one possible design, Figure 6 As shown, at least one displacement detection mechanism 6 is provided between the two pressing heads 51 in the X-axis direction, between the two pressing heads 51 in the Y-axis direction, and between the two pressing heads 51 in the Z-axis direction, so that the deformation of the sample 10 in the X, Y, and Z directions can be monitored.

[0089] In one possible design, the second displacement sensor 66 is an LVDT sensor.

[0090] Optionally, two displacement detection mechanisms 6 are arranged between the two pressure heads 51 in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, and the two displacement detection mechanisms 6 are arranged at the opposite corners of the two pressure heads 51 to realize accurate measurement of the deformation of the sample in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction. Three displacement detection mechanisms 6 are arranged between the two pressure heads 51 in the Z-axis direction, and the three displacement detection mechanisms 6 are arranged at the three corners of the two pressure heads 51 to realize accurate measurement of the deformation of the sample in the Z-axis direction.

[0091] In a possible design, the displacement detection mechanism 6 includes a first connecting arm 61, a second connecting arm 62, a second displacement sensor 66, and an extensometer rod 67. The first connecting arm 61 and the second connecting arm 62 are respectively fixed to the side portions of the two pressure heads 51 in the same axial direction. One end of the second displacement sensor 66 is connected to the first connecting arm 61, one end of the extensometer rod 67 is connected to the second connecting arm 62, and the other end of the second displacement sensor 66 is connected or in contact with the other end of the extensometer rod 67. When the sample 10 deforms and the two pressure heads 51 move towards each other, the extensometer rod 67 pushes the second displacement sensor 66 to make it contract, so as to detect the deformation of the sample 10 through the second displacement sensor 66.

[0092] In a possible design, as shown in Figure 18 , Figure 19 In a possible design, an electric heating plate 8 is arranged at the front end of at least one of the docking pressure heads 2, and the electric heating plate 8 is internally provided with an electric heating rod.

[0093] In a possible design, the electric heating plate 8 is arranged only at the front end of one of the docking pressure heads 2, and can be used to generate a temperature difference in the opposite direction.

[0094] In a possible design, the electric heating plate 8 is arranged at the front end of each of the docking pressure heads 2.

[0095] In a possible design, as shown in Figures 20-23 The deep rock in-situ environment reconstruction and three-dimensional force-heat-acoustic-vibration-flow multi-field test system further includes a triaxial six-direction loading system 9, which is used to provide true triaxial stress to the sample. The triaxial six-direction loading system 9 includes a pump station (not shown in the figure), a beam assembly, a lifting hydraulic cylinder 94, a loading frame, and six hydraulic actuators 97. The six hydraulic actuators 97 are arranged in pairs in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction.

[0096] In a possible design, the beam assembly includes a movable beam 91, a bearing column 96, and a beam locking mechanism, and the upper hydraulic actuator 97 in the Z-axis direction is arranged at the center of the movable beam 91.

[0097] The loading frame includes a loading beam 92 and a base 93. The loading beam 92 is a high-rigidity structure integrally casted, and a plurality of support legs are arranged between the loading beam 92 and the base 93, and the plurality of support legs are uniformly arranged at the bottom of the base 93.

[0098] There is an experimental cabin cavity in the center of the loading frame beam 92 for accommodating the experimental cabin. The experimental cabin cavity runs through the top surface of the loading frame beam 92, and the experimental cabin can be placed into the cavity from top to bottom. It also serves as a loading port for the upper hydraulic actuator 97 to apply vertical stress.

[0099] Loading ports are located on the front, rear, left, right, and bottom sides of the loading frame 92, communicating with the experimental chamber. Two hydraulic actuators 97 in the X-axis direction, two hydraulic actuators 97 in the Y-axis direction, and a lower hydraulic actuator 97 in the Z-axis direction are mounted on the loading ports on the front, rear, left, right, and bottom sides of the loading frame 92, respectively.

[0100] The lower ends of the load-bearing columns 96 are fixed to the loading frame beam 92 via load nuts. The mobile beam 91 is mounted on multiple load-bearing columns 96. A lifting hydraulic cylinder 94 is supported between the loading frame beam 92 and the mobile beam 91. The lifting hydraulic cylinder 94 is used to enable the mobile beam 91 to move up and down along the load-bearing columns 96. A beam locking mechanism can secure the mobile beam 91 to the multiple load-bearing columns 96. In one possible design, four vertical load-bearing columns 96 are provided. The mobile beam 91 has four clamping openings adapted for the load-bearing columns 96, and the upper ends of the load-bearing columns 96 are mounted in the clamping openings. The beam locking mechanism is used to enable the clamping openings of the mobile beam 91 to clamp or release the load-bearing columns 96.

[0101] In one possible design, the beam locking mechanism includes two groups of clamping hydraulic cylinders 95, and each clamping port has an extended clamping arm 911 on the outside. The clamping arm 911 is manufactured integrally with the movable beam 91. The clamping arms 911 of each clamping port are tightened by a group of clamping hydraulic cylinders 95 respectively, thereby simultaneously clamping and fixing the corresponding two supporting columns 96 and the movable beam 91.

[0102] In one possible design, Figure 21 As shown, the clamping hydraulic cylinder 95 includes a pull rod 951, a hydraulic locking cylinder 952, a locking nut 953, and a thrust spherical bearing 954. The hydraulic locking cylinder 952, locking nut 953, and thrust spherical bearing 954 are all mounted on the pull rod 951. The clamping arm 911 has holes adapted to the crossbeam locking mechanism. The ends of the pull rod 951 are respectively mounted in the holes corresponding to the two clamping arms 911. Locking nuts 953 are installed at both ends of the pull rod 951. A thrust spherical bearing 954 is installed between the locking nut 953 at one end and the clamping arm 911. A hydraulic locking cylinder 952 is installed between the locking nut 953 at the other end and the other clamping arm 911. A thrust spherical bearing 954 is installed between the hydraulic locking cylinder 952 and the other clamping arm 911. The movable space of the movable beam 91 in this embodiment is steplessly adjustable, can be automatically locked by the hydraulic locking cylinder 952, and can be manually adjusted by the locking nut 953. The adjustment operation of the test space is convenient, the locking is fast, and the operation is convenient and fast.

[0103] In a possible design, as shown in Figure 22 The hydraulic actuator 97 includes a cylinder 971, a piston 972 and an actuator head 973, the first displacement sensor 974 is arranged between the cylinder 971 and the piston 972, and the actuator head 973 is connected to the free end of the piston 972. The cylinder 971 is provided with a servo valve, and the force sensor 975 is arranged between the actuator head 973 and the piston 972. The cylinder 971 of the upper hydraulic actuator 97 is fixedly connected to the moving cross beam 91 through a flange hole and a screw, the cylinders 971 of the remaining five hydraulic actuators 97 are fixedly connected to the loading frame beam 92 through a flange hole and a screw, and the lower end of the loading cylinder of the Z-axis direction lower hydraulic actuator 97 is connected to the base 93 through a screw.

[0104] Optionally, the actuator head 973 of the hydraulic actuator 97 has two cooling channels, and the actuator head 973 is provided with a water cooling pipe 96.

[0105] Optionally, the actuator head 973 is a ball socket head, and the rear end of the corresponding docking head 2 of the test cabin is a ball head, so that the head is in contact and uniformly loaded, and the loading is not uniform due to the inclination of the sample or component.

[0106] The first displacement sensor 974 can monitor and control the range of the actuator. In a possible design, the first displacement sensor 974 is a magnetostrictive displacement sensor. The actuator deformation sensor is a magnetostrictive displacement sensor, which can meet the range of the actuator.

[0107] The strain gauge is welded to the end of the head, and the strain gauge can monitor the force applied by the hydraulic actuator.

[0108] The triaxial six-direction loading system 9 has force, displacement and other control modes, can realize independent work and linkage coordination work double modes of the six cylinders, can realize precise linkage tracking of the triaxial six-direction during loading and unloading, and can realize synchronous control.

[0109] As shown in Figure 3 The side surface of the box body 1 is provided with an aviation plug area 14, the aviation plug area 14 has temperature aviation plugs, temperature flow aviation plugs, acoustic emission aviation plugs, acoustic wave aviation plugs and deformation aviation plugs which are adapted to the six heads 51, the temperature aviation plugs are connected to the temperature sensors at the front ends of the heads 51, the temperature flow aviation plugs are connected to the heat flow sensors at the front ends of the heads 51, the acoustic emission aviation plugs are connected to the acoustic emission probes 58, the acoustic wave aviation plugs are connected to the ultrasonic probes 59, and the deformation aviation plugs are connected to the displacement detection mechanism 6.

[0110] The triaxial six-direction loading system 9, the hydraulic sealing system, the seepage system and the aviation plugs are connected to an external EDC controller.

[0111] The working principle of the embodiment is as follows:

[0112] In use, the sample 10 is placed in the flexible inner cubic frame 72, and 12 outer corner positions 723 of the flexible inner cubic frame 72 are attached to 12 inner corners of the rigid outer cubic frame 71;

[0113] 6 pressure heads 51 pass through 6 directional frame openings of the rigid outer cubic frame 71 and the flexible inner cubic frame 72, and annular flanges 722 of 6 faces of the flexible inner cubic frame 72 are correspondingly fitted into annular sealing grooves of annular sealing strips 57 of the 6 pressure heads 51, and 12 elastic sheets 52 are used to connect the 6 pressure heads 51 together;

[0114] The elastic pressure box 5 with the sample 10 is placed in the internal cavity of the box 1, and 6 butt pressure heads 2 are installed on the box 1, and inner ends of the 6 butt pressure heads 2 are respectively butted with outer ends of the 6 pressure heads 51;

[0115] The experiment cabin is placed in the loading frame of the triaxial six-direction loading system 9, and actuating pressure heads 973 of hydraulic actuators 97 in six directions of the loading frame are respectively butted with outer ends of the 6 butt pressure heads 2;

[0116] According to the experimental requirements, if a high-temperature environment is needed, hot air is sent into the box 1 to heat the sample 10 inside, if a low-temperature environment is needed, liquid nitrogen is injected into the box 1 through the cold source port 33 to cool the sample 10 inside, and the temperature is monitored through the temperature sensor and the heat flow sensor at the front end of the pressure head 51;

[0117] The 6 hydraulic actuators 97 are actuated, and axial forces are uniformly transmitted to the sample 10 through the butt pressure heads 2 and the pressure heads 51 to realize the preloading of true triaxial stress, and the deformation amount of the sample 10 under the force is monitored through the displacement detection mechanism 6;

[0118] The sealing main pipe 43 is connected to an external high-pressure plunger pump, and the sealing medium is injected into the sealing medium injection channel 515 of the 6 pressure heads 51 through the high-pressure plunger pump, so that the 12 edges of the sample 10 are tightly attached to the flexible inner cubic frame 72, and the three-way sealing effect is achieved;

[0119] The seepage medium is injected through the three seepage inlet pipes 41, and finally flows out through the three seepage outlet pipes 42, so that the three-way synchronous seepage test can be realized.

[0120] The application can realize the three-way multi-parameter synchronous monitoring and collection of sample deformation, acoustic emission, ultrasonic wave, temperature field, seepage field and heat flow field, and has great significance for the research and development of basic theories and technologies such as the construction of new scientific theories of deep underground engineering, the evaluation, mining and application of deep resources, etc.

[0121] The above detailed description of the application is only for the purpose of illustrating the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the application. It should be understood that the above is only a specific embodiment of the application and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the application shall be included in the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. Deep rock in-situ environment reconstruction and three-dimensional force, heat, acoustic shock and flow multi-field testing system, characterized by: The experimental chamber comprises an experimental chamber and a seepage system, wherein the experimental chamber comprises a box body (1), six docking pressure heads (2) and an elastic pressure box (5): The six butt joint pressure heads (2) are located in pairs in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions. The six butt joint pressure heads (2) are respectively installed in the through holes in the six directions of the box body (1) and can move axially relative to the box body (1). The front ends of the butt joint pressure heads (2) extend into the interior of the box body (1) and the rear ends are exposed outside the box body (1). The elastic pressure box (5) can be placed in the box body (1), and the elastic pressure box (5) includes 6 pressure heads (51), and the 6 pressure heads (51) are located in pairs in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions. The rear ends of the 6 pressure heads (51) are respectively docked with the front end of one of the docking pressure heads (2), and the front ends of the 6 pressure heads (51) are used to contact the sample (10); A plurality of permeation holes (516) are arranged at the front end of each pressure head (51), and a permeation medium channel (514) is provided in each pressure head (51), one end of the permeation medium channel (514) is connected to the plurality of permeation holes (516), and the other end of the permeation medium channel (514) is connected to the permeation system; A temperature sensor, a heat flow sensor, an acoustic emission probe (58) and an ultrasonic probe (59) are installed at the front end of the pressure head (51), and a displacement detection mechanism (6) may or may not be provided between the two pressure heads (51) in the same axial direction; The seepage system includes three seepage inlet pipes (41), three seepage outlet pipes (42) and a plunger pump placed outside the box (1). The three seepage inlet pipes (41) and the three seepage outlet pipes (42) are respectively equipped with valves (44). One end of the three seepage inlet pipes (41) is connected to the plunger pump, and the outlets of the three seepage outlet pipes (42) are respectively provided with flow meters. The other ends of the three seepage inlet pipes (41) are respectively connected to the seepage medium channels (514) of one of the pressure heads (51) in the X-axis direction, one of the pressure heads (51) in the Y-axis direction, and one of the pressure heads (51) in the Z-axis direction; the inlet ends of the three seepage outlet pipes (42) are respectively connected to the seepage medium channels (514) of another pressure head (51) in the X-axis direction, another pressure head (51) in the Y-axis direction, and another pressure head (51) in the Z-axis direction; The front end of the pressure head (51) has an annular groove, in which an annular sealing strip (57) is embedded. A sealing medium injection channel (515) is provided in the pressure head (51), one end of the sealing medium injection channel (515) is connected to the annular groove, and the other end of the sealing medium injection channel (515) is connected to the hydraulic sealing system. The pressure head (51) comprises a pressure head body (511) and a permeation block (512); the front end of the pressure head body (511) is provided with an annular groove and a rectangular protrusion (513); the annular groove is located at the front end edge of the pressure head body (511); and the rectangular protrusion (513) is located within the annular groove; The front end surface of the rectangular protrusion (513) has an integrally manufactured embedding groove, the penetration block (512) is embedded in the embedding groove, and a plurality of penetration holes (516) are provided on the penetration block (512), and the penetration holes (516) pass through the penetration block (512) from front to back; The seepage medium channel (514) and the sealing medium injection channel (515) are provided in the pressure head body (511); one end of the seepage medium channel (514) passes through the embedded groove, and the other ends of the sealing medium injection channel (515) and the seepage medium channel (514) pass through the outer surface of the pressure head body (511).

2. The deep rock in-situ environment reconstruction and three-dimensional force, heat, acoustic shock and flow multi-field testing system according to claim 1 is characterized by: Also included is a specimen grip (7) and a hydraulic sealing system; The sample fixture (7) includes a rigid outer cubic frame (71) and a flexible inner cubic frame (72), each of the rigid outer cubic frame (71) and the flexible inner cubic frame (72) having 12 frame edges (721), six faces of the rigid outer cubic frame (71) and the flexible inner cubic frame (72) are all rectangular frames, and the 12 outer corner positions (723) of the flexible inner cubic frame (72) are aligned with the 12 inner corner positions of the rigid outer cubic frame (71); Each face of the flexible inner cubic frame (72) has an integrally manufactured annular flange (722), and the annular flange (722) is adapted to the annular sealing groove of the annular sealing strip (57); The flexible inner cubic frame (72) can be loaded with a sample (10), and the six pressure heads (51) can respectively pass through the frame openings in six directions of the rigid outer cubic frame (71) and the flexible inner cubic frame (72), and the annular flanges (722) on the six surfaces of the flexible inner cubic frame (72) are correspondingly loaded into the annular sealing grooves of the annular sealing strips (57) on the six pressure heads (51).

3. The deep rock in-situ environment reconstruction and three-dimensional force, heat, acoustic, shock and flow multi-field testing system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The hydraulic sealing system includes a sealing inlet pipe (43), six sealing branch pipes (45), a flow diversion component (46), and a high-pressure plunger pump disposed outside the box (1); The flow dividing assembly (46) has one inlet and six outlets, the six outlets being connected to one of the sealing branch pipes (45) respectively, and one inlet being connected to the high-pressure plunger pump via the sealing inlet pipe (43); the sealing main pipe (43) being connected to the sealing medium injection channels (515) of the six pressure heads 51 respectively via the six sealing branch pipes (45).

4. The deep rock in-situ environment reconstruction and three-dimensional force, heat, acoustic shock and flow multi-field testing system according to claim 1 is characterized by: An aviation plug area (14) is provided on the side of the box body (1). The aviation plug area (14) has a temperature aviation plug, a temperature flow aviation plug, an acoustic emission aviation plug, an acoustic wave aviation plug and a deformation aviation plug adapted to the six pressure heads (51). The temperature aviation plug is connected to the temperature sensor, the temperature flow aviation plug is connected to the heat flow sensor, the acoustic emission aviation plug is connected to the acoustic emission probe (58), the acoustic wave aviation plug is connected to the ultrasonic probe (59), and the deformation aviation plug is connected to the displacement detection mechanism (6).

5. The deep rock in-situ environment reconstruction and three-dimensional force, heat, acoustic shock and flow multi-field testing system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The six pressing heads (51) are connected together by elastic sheets (52).

6. The deep rock in-situ environment reconstruction and three-dimensional force, heat, acoustic shock and flow multi-field testing system according to claim 1 is characterized by: An air inlet (31), an air outlet (32) and a cold source port (33) are provided on the top of the box body (1).

7. The deep rock in-situ environment reconstruction and three-dimensional force, heat, acoustic shock and flow multi-field testing system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It also includes a three-axis six-direction loading system (9), which includes six hydraulic actuators (97), and the six hydraulic actuators (97) are located in pairs in the X, Y, and Z axis directions; The hydraulic actuator (97) includes a cylinder (971), a piston (972) and an actuating pressure head (973), wherein the actuating pressure head (973) is connected to the free end of the piston (972), and the actuating pressure heads (973) of the six hydraulic actuators (97) are used to dock with the rear end of one of the docking pressure heads (2), respectively, and a strain gauge is provided at the end of the actuating pressure head (973); A first displacement sensor (974) is installed between the cylinder (971) and the piston (972) and / or a force sensor (975) is installed between the actuating pressure head (973) and the piston (972).

8. The deep rock in-situ environment reconstruction and three-dimensional force, heat, acoustic, shock and flow multi-field testing system according to claim 7 is characterized by: The three-axis six-directional loading system (9) also includes a pump station, a beam assembly, a lifting hydraulic cylinder (94) and a loading frame beam (92); The crossbeam assembly includes a movable crossbeam (91), a bearing column (96) and a crossbeam locking mechanism, and an upper hydraulic actuator (97) in the Z-axis direction is installed in the center of the movable crossbeam (91); The lower end of the bearing column (96) is fixed to the loading frame beam (92), the movable beam (91) is installed on the multiple bearing columns (96), the lifting hydraulic cylinder (94) is supported between the loading frame beam (92) and the movable beam (91) to realize the movable beam (91) moving up and down along the bearing column (96), and the beam locking mechanism can fix the movable beam (91) and the multiple bearing columns (96); The center of the loading frame beam (92) is provided with an experimental chamber for accommodating the experimental chamber, the experimental chamber passing through the top surface of the loading frame beam (92), and the front, rear, left, right and lower sides of the loading frame beam (92) are provided with loading ports, which are communicated with the experimental chamber; two hydraulic actuators (97) in the X-axis direction, two hydraulic actuators (97) in the Y-axis direction and a lower hydraulic actuator (97) in the Z-axis direction are respectively installed at the loading ports on the front, rear, left, right and lower sides of the loading frame beam (92).

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