A construction method for rapid and accurate installation of a tunnel primary support steel frame

Abstract

The application provides a construction method suitable for rapid and accurate installation of a tunnel initial support steel frame, comprising the following steps: S1, dividing an arch frame into an arch unit, a haunch unit and a foot unit; S2, folding the arch unit and the haunch unit along a hinge type hinge, and transporting the folded arch frame to a position; S3, driving a assembling trolley to a working face, and grabbing the arch unit by a grabbing arm in the middle of the assembling trolley; S4, lifting the arch frame to a preset position as a whole, and grabbing the foot unit by two grabbing arms on both sides of the assembling trolley; and S5, connecting the arch frame with a sprayed arch frame. The arch unit and the haunch unit of a single-arch arch frame are hinged, so that the arch frame can be folded to ensure that the arch frame can pass through a lining trolley for transportation into a tunnel by a truck-mounted crane, and three folded arch frames are combined and assembled, so that the arch frame assembling trolley can simultaneously construct three arch frames at a time, thereby improving construction efficiency and ensuring effective tunnel operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel construction technology, specifically relating to a construction method for the rapid and precise installation of steel frames for initial support in tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, domestic tunnels commonly use manual installation of arch supports inside the tunnel. This method is characterized by a large number of workers, high safety risks, low work efficiency, and difficulty in quality control. Especially in the high-altitude, oxygen-deficient areas of the Sichuan-Tibet Railway, where tunnel geology is complex and there are various adverse geological conditions such as high ground stress, high ground temperature, sudden water inrush, rock bursts, and harmful gases, construction efficiency will be further reduced and construction safety risks will be high. How to achieve mechanized operation of steel arch support and implement high-quality, safe, and efficient tunnel support measures is an urgent problem to be solved in high-altitude tunnel construction.

[0003] Therefore, there is a need to provide an improved technical solution that addresses the shortcomings of the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art. This invention provides a construction method for the rapid and precise installation of steel frames for initial support in tunnels.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A construction method for rapid and precise installation of steel frames for initial tunnel support includes:

[0007] Step S1: Divide the arch frame into arch unit, arch waist unit and arch foot unit, wherein at least the connecting plates of the arch unit and the arch waist unit are connected by a hinge.

[0008] Step S2: Fold the arch unit and the arch waist unit along the hinge, and transport the folded arch frame to the location.

[0009] Step S3: Drive the assembly trolley to the working face, grab the arch unit with the grab arm in the middle of the assembly trolley, lift the arch unit so that the two arch waist units hang freely under gravity.

[0010] The two arch waist units are opened by two grab arms on both sides of the assembly trolley, and the connecting plates of the arch unit and the arch waist unit are fixed by bolts;

[0011] Step S4: Raise the entire arch frame to the preset position so that the two grab arms on both sides of the assembly trolley can grab the arch foot unit and fix the arch foot unit to the arch waist unit with bolts.

[0012] Step S5: Connect the arch frame with the sprayed arch frame.

[0013] Preferably, before the materials are transported to the site, a simulation and trial assembly are conducted outside the tunnel based on the tunnel cross-sectional dimensions.

[0014] Preferably, in step S1, there are multiple arch frames, and the manufacturing steps of the arch frames include:

[0015] Step S101: Place one of the connecting plates in the box-type clamping fixture, put the three sections of the hinged tube into the box-type clamping fixture, and weld the middle section of the hinged tube to the connecting plate.

[0016] Step S102: Place another connecting plate overlapping inside the box-type clamping fixture, and weld it to the other two hinge tube sections. Take out the two connecting plates and fully weld them to the corresponding hinge tube sections respectively.

[0017] Step S103: Weld and fix the two connecting plates corresponding to the hinge to the arch unit and the arch waist unit respectively;

[0018] Step S104: Fix multiple arch units to the positioning fixture so that the multiple arch units are distributed at a preset spacing.

[0019] Step S105: Weld steel mesh between multiple arch units. After welding, hinge pipes corresponding to the arch units and arch waist units are hinged together by hinge shafts.

[0020] Preferably, the positioning fixture includes:

[0021] A positioning element, the positioning element being adapted to the length of the multiple arch units;

[0022] Positioning steel plates, multiple positioning steel plates are fixed on the positioning member and correspond one-to-one with multiple arch units;

[0023] The positioning steel plate is provided with a connecting plate that matches the end of the arch unit, and the positioning steel plate is provided with screw holes corresponding to the connecting plate.

[0024] Preferably, the positioning component is provided with a slide rail, the positioning steel plate is slidably mounted on the slide rail via a slide block, and a positioning cylinder is provided between two adjacent positioning steel plates.

[0025] Preferably, the box-type card control fixture includes:

[0026] The trough is a square trough with an open top, and its inner cavity is adapted to the connecting plate.

[0027] Positioning pins, not less than two, are fixed in the groove and correspond to the screw holes of the connecting plate;

[0028] A slot is provided on the hinge side of the groove corresponding to the connecting plate.

[0029] Preferably, the positioning post is fixed to the bottom pad, and the bottom pad is placed in the groove.

[0030] Preferably, in step S102, the arch tops of the multiple arch units are limited by a spacing control fixture;

[0031] The spacing control fixture includes:

[0032] Positioning rod;

[0033] The snap-fit ​​station is formed by two snap-fit ​​posts spaced apart, and multiple snap-fit ​​stations correspond one-to-one with multiple arch units;

[0034] The spacing control fixture clamps and limits the position of the arch tops of multiple arch units.

[0035] Preferably, in step S103, the arched unit located at the end is pre-drilled, and the position of the drilling corresponds to the distribution position of the small guide tube.

[0036] Preferably, the positioning steel plate is provided with a shim so that two adjacent arch frames are distributed in a stepped manner, and the outer sides of two adjacent arch frames are connected by Z-shaped connecting ribs.

[0037] Beneficial effects: The arch unit and arch waist unit of a single arch frame are hinged, allowing the arch frame to be folded. This ensures that the arch frame can be transported into the tunnel by passing through the lining trolley via a truck-mounted crane. Then, the three folded arch frames are combined and assembled, ensuring that the arch frame installation trolley can construct three arch frames at the same time, thereby improving construction efficiency and ensuring the effective progress of operations inside the tunnel. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. Wherein:

[0039] Figure 1 The following is a simplified structural diagram of multiple steel arch frames in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a simplified structural diagram of the spacing control tool in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a simplified structural diagram of the box-type card control tooling provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the welding of the connecting plate in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] In the diagram: 1. Arch unit; 2. Hinged hinge; 3. Steel mesh; 4. Spacing control fixture; 5. Column clamp; 6. Stud; 7. Arch waist unit; 8. Positioning component; 9. Slide rail; 10. Slide seat; 11. Shim; 12. Bottom pad; 13. Hinge pipe; 14. Channel; 15. Positioning post; 16. Baffle; 17. Connecting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] In the description of this invention, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," and "bottom," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and do not require the invention to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. The terms "connected" and "linked" used in this invention should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or a detachable connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through intermediate components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0046] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other.

[0047] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a construction method for the rapid and precise installation of steel frames for initial tunnel support is proposed. This method optimizes the length and number of sections of the steel frame units, using hinged hinges 2 to connect the units together with pins. In the steel component processing yard, various tooling is used to control the quality of the hinged hinge 2 steel plate hinge joints, the spacing of the steel frames, and the construction quality of the reinforcing mesh 3 and connecting reinforcing bars, achieving standardized processing and installation of multiple folding arch frames. Specifically, step S1 involves dividing the arch frame into arch unit 1, arch waist unit, and arch foot unit. Specifically, a single arch frame is divided into five unit arch frames: one arch unit 1, two arch waist units, and two arch foot units. At least the connecting plates 17 of the arch unit 1 and the arch waist unit are connected by hinged hinges 2. First, the arch unit 1 and the arch waist unit are assembled together. By adjusting the chord height of the arch frame units to ensure they are at the same height, this facilitates hoisting while effectively ensuring uniform stress on the arch frame during overall transportation, preventing deformation or damage.

[0048] In step S2, the arch unit 1 and arch waist unit of the multi-arch frame are folded along the hinge 2, and the folded arch frame is transported to the location. The multi-arch frame is folded and transported to the working face as a whole. By setting a hinge between the arch unit 1 and arch waist unit connecting plate 17 of the single arch frame, the arch frame can be folded to ensure that the arch frame can be transported into the tunnel through the lining trolley by the truck crane.

[0049] During transportation, U-shaped clamps are used to temporarily fix multiple folded arch frame arch units 1 and arch waist units, which facilitates the transportation of folded arch frames. The U-shaped clamps can be used repeatedly, reducing the material consumption of transporting arch frames.

[0050] Step S3: Drive the assembly trolley to the working face. After the assembly trolley is in place, it is a three-arm, two-basket arch frame assembly trolley. After positioning, three operators are responsible for remotely controlling one grab arm. First, grab the arch unit 1 with the grab arm in the middle of the assembly trolley and lift the arch unit 1 so that the two arch waist units hang freely under gravity. Then, use the two grab arms on both sides of the assembly trolley to open the two arch waist units. One operator on each of the work baskets on the grab arms on both sides is responsible for fixing the connecting plate 17 of the arch unit 1 and the arch waist unit with bolts.

[0051] Step S4: Release the left and right grab arms, and lift the arch frame as a whole to the preset position through the middle grab arm, so that the two grab arms on both sides of the assembly trolley can grab the arch foot unit, and then the operator can fix the arch foot unit to the arch waist unit with bolts.

[0052] Step S5: Connect the arch frame to the sprayed arch frame. Specifically, weld the connecting bars and steel mesh 3 to the upper sprayed arch frame.

[0053] The three-arm, two-basket arch frame assembly trolley's two-arch frame lifting and installation process enables mechanized operation of steel frame support, effectively reducing the labor intensity of workers. At the same time, this process also avoids various unexpected risks during construction, ensuring the safety of workers and solving the difficulties of low efficiency, high operational risks, and difficult quality control of manual labor and existing arch frame installation trolleys for single-arch installation.

[0054] In one optional embodiment, before transportation to the tunnel, a simulation and trial assembly are conducted outside the tunnel based on the tunnel cross-sectional dimensions. First, bolts are installed between the arch unit 1 and the arch waist unit connecting plate 17 of a single arch frame outside the tunnel, allowing the arch frame to be folded. This ensures the arch frame can be transported into the tunnel via a crane through the lining trolley. Then, the three folded arch frames are assembled together. Spacing control fixtures 4 are used to fix two arch frames to the designed arch frame spacing, and steel mesh 3 is welded to the back of the arch frame. Similarly, the three arch foot units are welded together into two separate units to ensure the arch frame installation trolley can simultaneously construct all three arch frames.

[0055] In one optional embodiment, positioning points corresponding to the arch crown and arch waist are set on the inner wall of the tunnel. There are at least three sets of positioning points, which correspond to the midpoints of the arch unit 1 and the arch waist unit, respectively. Each set of positioning points has two points, which correspond to the two arch frames located on both sides of the three arch frames. By positioning the arch frames, the positioning accuracy of the arch frames is ensured.

[0056] In this embodiment, each positioning point is positioned by a U-shaped component to locate the arch frame. The U-shaped component has a screw hole in the middle corresponding to the anchor rod, and through holes at both ends. Positioning pins can be inserted into the through holes to limit the arch frame. After the tunnel is excavated, the measurement and layout are carried out, and anchor rods are installed at the corresponding positioning points. The anchor rods extend radially along the tunnel. The anchor rods are grouting anchor rods. After installation, grouting is carried out. Then, the anchor rods are connected to the U-shaped component by thread assembly. Then, a level is used to accurately position the U-shaped component. After the U-shaped component is positioned, the arch frame can be installed. The arch frame is lifted to the preset position by an installation trolley, and then the positioning pins are inserted into the through holes at both ends of the U-shaped component to position the arch frame.

[0057] In an optional embodiment, in step S1, multiple arch frames are constructed simultaneously, and the fabrication steps for the multiple arch frames include:

[0058] Step S101: The integral installation of the steel arch frame has high requirements for the verticality between the arch frame units and the deviation of the connecting steel plates. In order to reduce the time for installing nuts and bolts and to control the connection quality of the arch frame, a hinge-type steel plate connection is used on site to facilitate the bolt hole docking and control the verticality of the steel arch frame.

[0059] The connecting plate 17 used to connect adjacent arch units 1 serves as two hinges of the hinge type 2. During actual construction, one of the connecting plates 17 is placed in the box-type clamping fixture, the three-section hinge tube 13 is placed into the box-type clamping fixture, and the middle section hinge tube 13 is welded to the connecting plate.

[0060] In step S102, another connecting plate 17 is placed overlapping inside the box-type clamping fixture and welded to the other two sections of hinge tube 13. The two connecting plates 17 are then removed and fully welded to their corresponding hinge tube 13.

[0061] Step S103: In this application, only the arch unit 1 and the arch waist unit are connected by a hinge 2. The two connecting plates 17 corresponding to the hinge 2 are welded and fixed to the arch unit 1 and the arch waist unit respectively. A common connecting plate 17 is welded to the end of the arch waist unit away from the arch unit 1, and the two ends of the arch foot unit are connected to the common connecting plates 17 respectively.

[0062] Step S104: Fix the multiple arch units 1 to the positioning fixture so that the multiple arch units 1 are distributed at a preset spacing.

[0063] Step S105: Weld a continuous steel mesh 3 between the multiple arch units 1. After welding, hinge the two corresponding connecting plates of the arch unit 1 and the arch waist unit through a hinge shaft.

[0064] The folding arch frame is prefabricated in the steel component processing yard, realizing factory processing, which can ensure the construction quality of the arch frame spacing and the steel mesh 3.

[0065] In this embodiment, a Ф32*3mm seamless steel pipe pin is used as the hinge shaft. Circular clamps are welded to both ends of the pin to ensure alignment of the bolt holes in the connecting plate of the hinge-type hinge 2. The pin is first welded shut at one end using a pin processing fixture. After the connecting steel bars of the arch and arch waist units are aligned, the pin is inserted and the other end is welded shut for fixation. Then, the connecting bars and steel mesh 3 of the arch waist unit are constructed.

[0066] In an optional embodiment, the positioning fixture includes a positioning element 8 and positioning steel plates, wherein the positioning element 8 is adapted to the length of the multiple arch units 1, and the multiple positioning steel plates are fixed on the positioning element 8 and correspond one-to-one with the multiple arch units 1.

[0067] In this embodiment, three arch frames are fabricated. A connecting plate 17 adapted to the end of the arch unit 1 is provided on the positioning steel plate. The positioning steel plate is inclined at an angle corresponding to the connecting plate 17. The positioning steel plate is provided with screw holes corresponding to the connecting plate 17. The three arch units 1 are fixed by bolts to prevent the steel frame from tipping over during the mesh construction.

[0068] In this embodiment, a spacing control fixture 4 is set to reduce the lap joints of the connecting bars; a welded steel mesh 3 is made, and the size of the steel mesh 3 is increased to reduce the lap joints of the mesh. The exposed steel bars of the end arch frame are not less than one mesh to ensure the lap joints of the next cycle.

[0069] In an optional embodiment, the positioning member 8 is provided with a slide rail 9, the positioning steel plate is slidably mounted on the slide rail 9 via a slide block 10, and a positioning cylinder is provided between two adjacent positioning steel plates.

[0070] The positioning steel plates can be adjusted according to actual needs to ensure the construction of arch frames with different spacing. The positioning steel plates are fixed by positioning cylinders to ensure sufficient stability.

[0071] In an optional embodiment, the box-type clamping tooling includes a groove 14, positioning posts 15, and a slot. The groove 14 is a square groove with an open top, and its inner cavity is adapted to the connecting plate 17. There are at least two positioning posts 15, which are fixed in the groove 14 and correspond to the screw holes of the connecting plate 17. First, a connecting plate 17 is placed in the groove 14 and positioned by the positioning posts 15 passing through the screw holes on the connecting plate 17. The slot is provided in the groove. The groove inside the groove body 14 corresponds to the hinge side of the connecting plate 17. The slot is formed by a baffle 16 or a raised strip protruding upward from the edge of the groove body 14. Three sections of Ф42*3.5mm are placed in the slot as hinge tubes 13, with the spacing between the hinge tubes 13 controlled within 0.5mm. The middle section of the hinge tube 13 is first spot welded to the steel plate. Then, another connecting steel plate is placed into the slot and secured by the positioning post 15. The hinge tubes 13 on both sides are then spot welded to the connecting plate 17 that is placed later. Finally, the two connecting plates 17 are removed from the fixture, and the hinged steel pipe is fully welded to the connecting steel plate.

[0072] In an optional embodiment, the positioning post 15 is fixed on the bottom pad 12, and the bottom pad 12 is placed in the groove 14, so that the gasket 11 can be replaced to accommodate connecting plates 17 with different screw hole spacings. The height of the positioning post 15 is not greater than the thickness of the two connecting plates 17.

[0073] In an optional embodiment, in step S102, the arch tops of multiple arch units 1 are limited by the spacing control fixture 4. Specifically, the three arch units 1 are clamped from the top by the arch frame spacing control fixture 4 to ensure that the steel frame spacing meets the design requirements. The spacing control fixture 4 includes a positioning rod and clamping positions. The length of the positioning rod is adapted to the width of the three arch frames. Three clamping positions are provided on the positioning rod. The clamping positions are formed by two clamping posts 5 spaced apart. Each clamping position corresponds one-to-one with the multiple arch units 1. The spacing control fixture 4 clamps and limits the arch tops of the multiple arch units 1, and the three arch units 1 are clamped from the top by the arch frame spacing control fixture 4 to ensure that the steel frame spacing meets the design requirements.

[0074] In this embodiment, the three arch frames are connected only by steel mesh before installation, so that the three arch frames can be finely adjusted by the deformation of the steel mesh during actual installation to adapt to different tunnel conditions (such as curves). After the three arch frames are installed, the spacing control tool 4 can be removed to weld the connecting bars, or the spacing control tool 4 can be welded to the three arch frames to be used as connecting bars to strengthen the support strength.

[0075] In addition, during transportation, the spacing control fixture 4 clamps multiple arch units 1 from bottom to top, so that the multiple arch frames remain stable during transportation. Furthermore, the spacing between the two clamping posts 5 is adapted to the width of the corresponding I-beam of the arch frame. At least one clamping post 5 has a through hole in the lower middle part, and a stud 6 is installed in the threaded part of the through hole. After the stud 6 passes through the through hole, it touches the web of the corresponding I-beam of the arch frame, thereby achieving fixed positioning.

[0076] The spacing control fixture 4 can be used as a connector for multiple arch frames and can be removed after the arch frames are installed. This can prevent deformation of multiple arch frames during transportation and installation, thereby improving installation accuracy. In addition, the spacing control fixture 4 is detachable, which will not increase the number of support plates or production difficulty.

[0077] In an optional embodiment, in step S103, in order to cope with the construction of the advanced small guide tube, the arch unit 1 located at the end is opened in advance. The opening position corresponds to the distribution position of the small guide tube, and the opening is made in advance using a laser device.

[0078] In an optional embodiment, the positioning steel plate is provided with a shim 11 so that two adjacent arch frames are distributed in a stepped manner, and the outer sides of two adjacent arch frames are connected by Z-shaped connecting ribs.

[0079] The arch frames are fixed with "Z"-shaped connecting ribs, which enables the stepped assembly of multiple folded arch frames. This method is suitable for arch frame installation on steep tunnel slopes and ensures the verticality of the arch frame installation.

[0080] Specifically, the gasket 11 is provided with screw holes that are compatible with the positioning steel plate. The arch unit 1 is fixed by bolts passing through the connecting plate 17, the gasket 11 and the positioning steel plate in sequence.

[0081] The positioning component 8 is a square base with a dovetail-shaped slide rail 9 extending along its length on top. The slide block 10 is slidably mounted on the dovetail-shaped slide rail 9 through the bottom dovetail groove.

[0082] In summary, calculations and statistics based on practical application technology show that the three-arm two-basket arch frame assembly trolley can reduce the time for steel arch frame assembly, connecting bar welding, and steel mesh welding, thus accelerating the arch frame assembly efficiency. The average time (excluding locking feet and advanced processes) is 90 minutes, which saves 30 minutes compared to manual frame erection.

[0083] Traditional manual scaffolding erection requires 12 workers, while the three-arm, two-basket arch frame assembly trolley only requires 5 operators to complete all scaffolding erection work, reducing the number of workers by 7 compared to traditional manual scaffolding erection. The average monthly wage for manual scaffolding erection workers is 18,000 yuan, while for the three-arm, two-basket arch frame installation trolley, the main operator earns 30,000 yuan per month, and the other three assistants earn 18,000 yuan per month. The monthly labor cost can be reduced by 12*18,000 - (30,000*2 + 18,000*3) = 102,000 yuan.

[0084] Therefore, the construction method for rapid and precise installation of tunnel initial support steel frames provided in this application can effectively prevent various adverse geological risks during the frame erection process, and provide protection for the life safety of workers; factory processing ensures the construction quality of arch frame spacing, connecting bars and steel mesh 3; the three-arm two-basket arch frame installation machine is easier to operate during construction, solves the construction problem of lifting 3 steel frames at one time, and improves construction efficiency.

[0085] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be within the scope of protection of the pending claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method suitable for rapid and accurate installation of a tunnel primary support steel frame, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a tunnel arch assembling device and method, and specifically relates to a tunnel arch assembling device and method. Step S1, the arch frame is divided into arch unit, hance unit and arch foot unit, wherein at least the connecting plate between the arch unit and the hance unit is connected through the hinge type hinge; Step S2, the arch unit and the hance unit are folded along the hinge type hinge, and the folded arch frame is transported to the position; The spacing control tool is used for spacing control of the arch top of the multiple arch units; The spacing control tool comprises: A positioning rod; A clamping station, two clamping columns are distributed at intervals to form the clamping station, and multiple clamping stations correspond to multiple arch units one by one; The spacing control tool is used for spacing control of the arch top of the multiple arch units; Step S3, the assembling trolley is driven to the tunnel face, the arch unit is grabbed by the grabbing arm in the middle of the assembling trolley, the two hance units are freely drooped under gravity by lifting the arch unit; The two hance units are spread apart by the two grabbing arms on both sides of the assembling trolley, and the connecting plates of the arch unit and the hance unit are fixed by bolts; Step S4, the whole arch frame is lifted to the preset position, the two grabbing arms on both sides of the assembling trolley grab the arch foot unit, and the arch foot unit and the hance unit are fixed by bolts; Step S5, the arch frame is connected with the sprayed arch frame. In step S1, the arch frame has multiple arch units, and the manufacturing steps of the arch frame comprise: Step S101, one of the connecting plates is placed in the box type control tool, three joint pipes are placed in the box type control tool, the middle joint pipe is welded with the connecting plate; Step S102, the other connecting plate is overlapped and placed in the box type control tool, and is welded and fixed with the other two joint pipes, the two connecting plates are taken out, and the corresponding joint pipes are full welded respectively; Step S103, the two connecting plates corresponding to the hinge type hinge are welded and fixed with the arch unit and the hance unit respectively; Step S104, the multiple arch units are fixed on the positioning tool, so that the multiple arch units are distributed at a preset interval; Step S105, the steel mesh is welded between the multiple arch units, and after welding, the joint pipes corresponding to the arch unit and the hance unit are hinged through the hinge shaft; The positioning tool comprises: A positioning member, the positioning member is adapted to the length of the multiple arch units; Multiple positioning steel plates, the multiple positioning steel plates are fixed on the positioning member and correspond to the multiple arch units one by one; The positioning steel plate is provided with a connecting plate matched with the end of the arch unit, and the positioning steel plate is provided with a screw hole corresponding to the connecting plate; The positioning steel plate is provided with a gasket, so that the adjacent two arch frames are distributed in a stepped manner, and the outer sides of the adjacent two arch frames are connected through Z-shaped connecting ribs.

2. The construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before being transported to the position, simulation and trial assembly are carried out according to the tunnel section size outside the hole.

3. The construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning member is provided with a sliding rail, the positioning steel plate is slidably assembled on the sliding rail, and a positioning oil cylinder is arranged between the adjacent two positioning steel plates.

4. The construction method suitable for rapid and accurate installation of a tunnel primary support steel frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, The box type control tool comprises: A groove body, the groove body is a square groove with an open upper end, and the inner cavity is matched with the connecting plate; A positioning column, the positioning column is not less than two, and the positioning column is fixed in the groove body and corresponds to the screw hole position of the connecting plate; A clamping groove, the clamping groove is arranged on the hinge side of the groove body corresponding to the connecting plate.

5. The construction method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The positioning column is fixed on the bottom base plate which is placed in the groove.

6. The construction method suitable for rapid and accurate installation of a tunnel primary support steel frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S103, the arch unit at the end part is pre-perforated, and the perforation position corresponds to the small catheter distribution position.

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