Underwater Laser Welding Device and Welding Repair Method for Offshore Engineering Equipment

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of underwater laser welding, and particularly relates to an underwater laser welding device and a welding repair method for ocean engineering equipment. The underwater laser welding device includes a laser head, a sealed box, a wire feeding mechanism, a drainage mechanism and an adsorption device. One end of the drainage mechanism is installed at the bottom of the sealed box. The baffle of the drainage mechanism forms a laser welding area around above the repair part, and the through hole is directly opposite to the laser welding area. An air inlet for introducing gas and a water outlet for discharging water body are arranged on the side wall of the drainage mechanism. The adsorption device is located between the emission end of the laser head and the through hole. The adsorption device includes an adjusting rod and an adsorption unit for adsorbing the spatter and fumes generated by laser welding. The underwater laser welding device effectively adsorbs the spatter and fumes generated by underwater laser welding through the adsorption units arranged step by step along the axial direction of the laser head, improves the protection of the laser head, and enhances the repair operation effect of underwater welding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of underwater laser welding, and particularly relates to an underwater laser welding device and a welding repair method for offshore engineering equipment. Background Art

[0002] When the underwater part of offshore engineering equipment is damaged and cannot be quickly transferred to a repair dock, temporary maintenance needs to be carried out. For example, when there are slight cracks or wear on the bottom plate of a ship, maintenance personnel usually use underwater welding to repair it. Currently, the commonly used repair technologies are underwater arc welding and underwater laser beam welding.

[0003] Among them, underwater arc welding includes three methods: dry welding, wet welding, and local dry welding. Dry welding is a method in which a large air chamber covers the welded part and the welder welds inside the air chamber. Inert or semi-inert gases are used inside the air chamber. When performing dry welding, the welder should wear special fireproof and high-temperature resistant protective clothing. Wet welding is a method in which the welder directly welds underwater without artificially draining the water around the welding area. Local dry welding is a method in which the welder welds in water and artificially drains the water around the welding area. Its safety measures are similar to those of wet welding.

[0004] Since the underwater environment will affect the stability of the arc, the welding effect is unstable during the underwater repair of offshore engineering equipment by underwater arc welding, and the repair effect is difficult to meet the expectations.

[0005] Laser beam welding is a welding technology that uses a laser beam with a high energy density as the heat source and has excellent welding stability in the underwater environment. For example, Chinese patent document CN112355472A discloses a multifunctional underwater welding laser head. This underwater welding laser head solves the problems of waterproofing and pressure resistance of the laser by setting a waterproof seal cover, enabling the laser to operate in the water environment. By setting an inclined cut air inlet, laminar flow movement of the gas inside the waterproof seal cover is achieved, draining the water at the welding or additive manufacturing position and providing effective anti-oxidation protection, and the welding effect is better.

[0006] However, during the actual use of the above-mentioned multifunctional underwater welding laser head, a large amount of spatter and fume will be generated at the welding site and cannot be discharged from the welding working area in time. A large amount of spatter and fume will shorten the service life of the protective mirror of the laser head, affect the welding effect, and there is a risk of damaging the laser head.

[0007] In summary, during the underwater maintenance of offshore engineering equipment, how to design an underwater welding device to intercept and adsorb spatter and fume, improve the protection of the laser head, and enhance the repair operation effect of underwater welding has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The object of the present invention is to provide an underwater welding device for underwater maintenance of offshore engineering equipment, so as to intercept and adsorb splash soot, improve the protection of the laser head, and enhance the repair operation effect of underwater welding.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following scheme: an underwater laser welding device for offshore engineering equipment is proposed, which includes a laser head, a sealed box, a wire feeding mechanism, a drainage mechanism and an adsorption device;

[0010] The inside of the sealed box has a cavity for accommodating the emitting end of the laser head, and a through hole for the laser beam to emit is provided at the bottom of the cavity;

[0011] The drainage mechanism covers the outside of the through hole. One end of the drainage mechanism is installed at the bottom of the sealed box, and the other end of the drainage mechanism is provided with a flange for fitting the repair part. An air inlet for introducing gas and a water outlet for discharging water are provided on the side wall of the drainage mechanism;

[0012] The flange forms a laser welding area above the repair part, and the through hole is directly opposite to the laser welding area;

[0013] The wire feeding mechanism is used to convey welding wire to the repair part, and the welding wire enters the laser welding area from the flange;

[0014] The adsorption device is located between the emitting end of the laser head and the through hole. The adsorption device includes an adjusting rod and an adsorption unit for adsorbing splash soot generated by laser welding;

[0015] The adjusting rod is arranged parallel to the axis of the laser head in the sealed box. The adsorption unit is sleeved on the adjusting rod. A light-transmitting hole for the laser beam to pass through is provided on the adsorption unit, and multiple groups of adsorption units are arranged along the axial direction of the adjusting rod.

[0016] Preferably, the adsorption unit includes a spacer and an asbestos adsorption pad. The spacer is sleeved on the adjusting rod, the asbestos adsorption pad is attached to the bottom of the spacer, and the light-transmitting hole penetrates through the spacer and the asbestos adsorption pad. With this arrangement, the asbestos adsorption pad is used to adsorb the splashed soot, and the spacer is used to drive the asbestos adsorption pad to adjust the position of the entire adsorption unit along the axial direction of the adjusting rod, facilitating the effective adsorption of the splash soot generated by laser welding, and further enhancing the protection performance of the adsorption device for the laser head.

[0017] Preferably, the spacer is installed on the adjusting rod through a setscrew structure. With this arrangement, the setscrew structure is used to lock the spacer on the adjusting rod. By turning the setscrew structure, it is convenient to adjust the position of the spacer relative to the laser head, greatly reducing the difficulty of adjusting the adsorption device, and thus facilitating the interception and adsorption of splash soot.

[0018] Preferably, the aperture diameters of the light-transmitting holes on multiple groups of adsorption units gradually decrease along the direction in which the laser beam is emitted. With such a setting, the light-transmitting holes with gradually decreasing aperture diameters are beneficial for the laser beam to smoothly reach the part to be repaired on the one hand, avoiding interference of the adsorption unit on the laser beam; on the other hand, the smoke and dust generated by laser welding pass through the light-transmitting holes and are gradually adsorbed by the adsorption unit, further improving the protection performance of the adsorption device for the laser head.

[0019] Preferably, a cover plate is provided on the side wall of the sealed box, and a sealing structure is provided between the cover plate and the sealed box. With such a setting, the cover plate is used to open and close the sealed box, which is beneficial for reducing the difficulty of adjusting the adsorption unit, thereby improving the layout efficiency of the underwater laser welding device, and the sealing structure is used to ensure the sealing performance of the sealed box at the cover plate.

[0020] Preferably, a gas recovery pipe is connected to the water outlet. With such a setting, the gas recovery pipe is used to recover the inert gas discharged by the exhaust structure, which is beneficial for improving the utilization rate of the inert gas, facilitating the recycling of the inert gas, and reducing the welding cost of underwater laser welding.

[0021] Preferably, the air inlet of the drainage mechanism is used to introduce inert gas. With such a setting, the inert gas is used to discharge the water body in the sealed box on the one hand and acts as the environmental medium for laser welding on the other hand, which is beneficial for ensuring the welding effect.

[0022] Preferably, a blow pipe is arranged in the cavity of the sealed box, and the blow pipe is arranged between the laser head and the adsorption device. With such a setting, the blow pipe is used to blow below the laser head, which is beneficial for reducing the rate of spread of smoke and dust towards the laser head, and thus improving the adsorption effect of the adsorption device on smoke and dust.

[0023] The present invention also provides a welding and repair method using the above-mentioned underwater laser welding device for ocean engineering equipment, including the following steps:

[0024] In the processing and positioning stage, the baffle of the drainage mechanism is attached to the part to be repaired of the ocean engineering equipment, and the position of the underwater laser welding device is adjusted to determine the laser welding area;

[0025] In the drainage stage, inert gas is introduced into the air inlet of the drainage mechanism to ensure that the air pressure in the sealed box is greater than the pressure at the underwater depth where the part to be repaired is located, and the water body in the sealed box is continuously discharged through the drainage mechanism, so that a local dry area is formed in the laser welding area;

[0026] During the laser welding stage, the laser head and the wire feeding mechanism are started. The wire feeding mechanism conveys the welding wire to the laser welding area. The laser beam provides heat source for the welding wire located in the laser welding area, and gradually completes the laser welding repair of the part to be repaired. The adsorption device located in the sealed box adsorbs the splash dust generated by the laser welding.

[0027] Preferably, before the drainage stage, there is also a step of adjusting the adsorption device. According to the taper of the laser beam, the fixed positions of multiple groups of adsorption units are adjusted.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, an underwater laser welding device and a welding repair method for offshore engineering equipment provided by the present invention have the following prominent substantive features and remarkable progress:

[0029] 1. The underwater laser welding device for offshore engineering equipment uses the edge at the bottom of the drainage mechanism to fit against the repair part to form a laser welding area. The gas enters the sealed box through the air inlet hole of the drainage mechanism and discharges the water body in the laser welding area, providing a local dry area during the underwater laser welding process, thereby improving the repair operation effect of the underwater laser welding.

[0030] 2. The underwater laser welding device for offshore engineering equipment is provided with an adsorption device between the laser head and the sealed box. The adsorption device effectively adsorbs the splash dust generated by the underwater laser welding through the adsorption units arranged step by step along the axial direction of the laser head, realizing the interception and adsorption of the splash dust during the underwater laser welding process, improving the protection of the laser head, and enhancing the repair operation effect of the underwater welding. Description of the Drawings

[0031] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an underwater laser welding device for offshore engineering equipment in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 is an internal structural schematic diagram of an underwater laser welding device for offshore engineering equipment in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a partial enlarged schematic diagram of part A in

[0034] Figure 4 is a reference diagram of the use state of an underwater laser welding device for offshore engineering equipment in an embodiment of the present invention when performing underwater welding on a workpiece in a water tank.

[0035] Reference numerals: 1, laser head; 2, sealed box; 3, wire feeding mechanism; 4, drainage mechanism; 5, adsorption device; 6, edge stop; 7, water tank; 8, workpiece; 9, gas transmission device; 10, welding wire; 11, cover plate; 41, air inlet; 42, water outlet; 51, adjusting rod; 52, adsorption unit; 53, light transmission hole; 521, spacer; 522, asbestos adsorption pad. Detailed implementation mode

[0036] The following will describe in detail the specific implementation mode of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] As Figure 1 shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, an underwater laser welding device for offshore engineering equipment is proposed, aiming to intercept and adsorb spatter and dust, improve the protection of the laser head, and enhance the repair operation effect of underwater welding.

[0038] In the underwater laser welding device for offshore engineering equipment proposed in the embodiment of the present invention, an adsorption device is arranged between the laser head and the sealed box. The adsorption device forms an effective adsorption of the spatter and dust generated by underwater laser welding through adsorption units arranged step by step along the axial direction of the laser head, realizing the interception and adsorption of spatter and dust during underwater laser welding, improving the protection of the laser head, and enhancing the repair operation effect of underwater welding.

[0039] Embodiment 1 - Underwater laser welding device for offshore engineering equipment.

[0040] As Figure 1 Combined with Figure 4 shown, an underwater laser welding device for offshore engineering equipment includes a laser head 1, a sealed box 2, a wire feeding mechanism 3, a drainage mechanism 4, and an adsorption device 5.

[0041] As Figure 2 shown, the inside of the sealed box 2 has a cavity for accommodating the emitting end of the laser head 1. A through hole for the laser beam to emit is provided at the bottom of the cavity.

[0042] The drainage mechanism 4 covers the outside of the through hole. One end of the drainage mechanism 4 is installed at the bottom of the sealed box 2. The other end of the drainage mechanism 4 is provided with an edge stop 6 for fitting the repair part. An air inlet 41 for introducing gas and a water outlet 42 for discharging water are provided on the side wall of the drainage mechanism 4.

[0043] Among them, the air inlet 41 of the drainage mechanism 4 is used to introduce inert gas. With such a setting, on the one hand, the inert gas is used to discharge the water body in the sealed box 2, and on the other hand, it acts as the environmental medium for laser welding, which is beneficial to ensuring the welding effect.

[0044] The rib 6 forms a laser welding area around above the repair part, and the through hole is directly opposite to the laser welding area.

[0045] As Figure 4 shown, the wire feeding mechanism 3 is used to convey the welding wire 10 to the repair part. The welding wire 10 enters the laser welding area from the rib 6.

[0046] As Figure 2 Combined Figure 3 shown, the adsorption device 5 is located between the emitting end of the laser head 1 and the through hole. The adsorption device 5 includes an adjusting rod 51 and an adsorption unit 52 for adsorbing the spatter and smoke generated by laser welding.

[0047] As Figure 3 shown, the adjusting rod 51 is arranged parallel to the axis of the laser head 1 inside the sealed box 2. The adsorption unit 52 is sleeved on the adjusting rod 51. A light-transmitting hole 53 for the laser beam to pass through is provided on the adsorption unit 52. Multiple groups of adsorption units 52 are arranged along the axial direction of the adjusting rod 51.

[0048] As Figure 3 shown, the adsorption unit 52 includes a spacer 521 and an asbestos adsorption pad 522. The spacer 521 is sleeved on the adjusting rod 51, and the asbestos adsorption pad 522 is attached to the bottom of the spacer 521. The light-transmitting hole 53 penetrates through the spacer 521 and the asbestos adsorption pad 522.

[0049] Set like this, the asbestos adsorption pad 522 is used to adsorb the spattered smoke and dust, and the spacer 521 is used to drive the asbestos adsorption pad 522 to adjust the position of the whole adsorption unit 52 along the axial direction of the adjusting rod 51, which is convenient for effectively adsorbing the spatter and smoke generated by laser welding, and further improves the protection performance of the adsorption device 5 for the laser head 1. Among them, the asbestos material has good high-temperature resistance and the function of adsorbing welding slag, which is beneficial to ensuring the effective adsorption of the smoke and dust.

[0050] As Figure 3 shown, the aperture of the light-transmitting holes 53 on multiple groups of adsorption units 52 decreases continuously along the direction of the laser beam emission. Set like this, the light-transmitting holes 53 with gradually decreasing apertures are beneficial for the laser beam to reach the part to be repaired smoothly on the one hand, and avoid the adsorption unit 52 from interfering with the laser beam; on the other hand, the smoke and dust generated by laser welding pass through the light-transmitting holes 53 and are gradually adsorbed by the adsorption unit 52, further improving the protection performance of the adsorption device 5 for the laser head 1.

[0051] For example, four groups of adsorption units 52 are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the laser head 1. The aperture diameter of the light-transmitting holes 53 in the four groups of adsorption units 52 continuously decreases along the direction in which the laser beam exits. In this way, at the lowest end where the spatter and soot are the largest, the aperture diameter is the smallest. The smallest aperture diameter can effectively block most of the spatter and soot, and a small amount of remaining soot enters the second layer after passing through the first light-transmitting hole. Since the soot is in a dispersed form, when it drifts in the second layer, a part of the soot will be adsorbed again by the spacer in the second layer, and so on. Eventually, the amount of soot reaching the laser head 1 is very small, thus achieving the purpose of prolonging the service life of the laser head protection mirror and the laser head.

[0052] As Figure 1 shown, a cover plate 11 is provided on the side wall of the sealed box 2, and a sealing structure is provided between the cover plate 11 and the sealed box 2. With such a setting, the cover plate 11 is used to open and close the sealed box 2, which is beneficial to reducing the difficulty of adjusting the adsorption unit 52, and thus improving the layout efficiency of the underwater laser welding device. The sealing structure is used to ensure the sealing performance of the sealed box 2 at the cover plate 11. For example, the sealing structure includes a sealing groove. The sealing groove is located on the opening edge of the sealed box 2, and a sealing strip is embedded in the sealing groove. By pressing the cover plate 11, a sealing effect on the sealed box 2 is formed.

[0053] In order to further reduce the adjustment difficulty of the adsorption device 5, the spacer 521 is installed on the adjusting rod 51 through a setscrew structure. With such a setting, the setscrew structure is used to lock the spacer 521 on the adjusting rod 51. By turning the setscrew structure, it is convenient to adjust the position of the spacer 521 relative to the laser head 1, greatly reducing the adjustment difficulty of the adsorption device 5, and thus being beneficial to intercepting and adsorbing the spatter and soot.

[0054] In order to further improve the adsorption effect on the soot, an air blowing pipe is provided in the cavity of the sealed box 2. The air blowing pipe is arranged between the laser head 1 and the adsorption device 5. With such a setting, the air blowing pipe is used to blow below the laser head 1, which is beneficial to reducing the rate of the soot spreading towards the laser head 1, and thus improving the adsorption effect of the adsorption device 5 on the soot.

[0055] In order to further improve the utilization rate of the inert gas, a gas recovery pipe is connected to the water outlet 42. With such a setting, the gas recovery pipe is used to recover the inert gas discharged by the exhaust structure, which is beneficial to improving the utilization rate of the inert gas, facilitating the recycling of the inert gas, and reducing the welding cost of underwater laser welding.

[0056] When the underwater laser welding device for marine equipment proposed in the embodiment of the present invention is in use, the baffle 6 at the bottom of the drainage mechanism 4 fits against the repair part to form a laser welding area. Gas enters the sealed box 2 through the air inlet hole of the drainage mechanism 4, and discharges the water body in the laser welding area, providing a local dry area during the underwater laser welding process, thereby improving the repair operation effect of underwater laser welding. Moreover, an adsorption device 5 is arranged between the laser head 1 and the sealed box 2. The adsorption device 5 effectively adsorbs the spatter and fumes generated during underwater laser welding through the adsorption units 52 arranged step by step along the axial direction of the laser head 1, realizing the interception and adsorption of spatter and fumes during underwater laser welding, improving the protection of the laser head 1, and enhancing the repair operation effect of underwater welding.

[0057] Example 2 - Simulating the underwater welding repair method in a water tank.

[0058] The embodiment of the present invention also proposes a welding repair method using the above-mentioned underwater laser welding device for marine engineering equipment. As Figure 4 shown, use the underwater laser welding device for marine engineering equipment to simulate laser welding repair operations on the cracks of marine engineering equipment in the water tank 7. A workpiece 8 is arranged at the bottom of the water tank 7, and the workpiece 8 is used to simulate the part to be repaired. The water tank 7 is filled with seawater to simulate the marine environment. At the same time, an inert gas is conveyed to the drainage mechanism 4 through a pipeline (not shown in the figure) by the gas conveying device 9. For example, the gas conveying device 9 conveys argon to the drainage mechanism 4 through the pipeline. The wire feeding mechanism 3 conveys the welding wire 10 to the laser welding area.

[0059] When the underwater laser welding device for marine engineering equipment proposed in the embodiment of the present invention is in use, it includes the following steps:

[0060] Processing and positioning stage: Fit the baffle of the drainage mechanism 4 against the part to be repaired of the marine engineering equipment, adjust the position of the underwater laser welding device, and determine the laser welding area.

[0061] Drainage stage: Pass an inert gas into the air inlet 41 of the drainage mechanism 4 to ensure that the air pressure in the sealed box 2 is greater than the pressure at the underwater depth where the part to be repaired is located. The water body in the sealed box 2 is continuously discharged through the drainage mechanism 4, so that a local dry area is formed in the laser welding area.

[0062] Laser welding stage: Start the laser head 1 and the wire feeding mechanism 3. The wire feeding mechanism 3 conveys the welding wire 10 to the laser welding area. The laser beam provides heat for the welding wire 10 located in the laser welding area, and gradually completes the laser welding repair of the part to be repaired. The adsorption device 5 located in the sealed box 2 adsorbs the spatter and fumes generated by laser welding.

[0063] Among them, before the drainage stage, there is also a step of adjusting the adsorption device 5, and the fixed positions of multiple groups of adsorption units 52 are adjusted according to the taper of the laser beam. For example, according to the spot size, spacers and asbestos adsorption sheets corresponding to the spot size are made. Spacers of different specifications are installed on the adjusting rod, and the spacers can adjust their positions according to the spot size so as to be as close to the laser as possible without interfering with the laser.

[0064] The present invention is not limited to the specific technical solutions described in the above embodiments. In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention can also have other implementation manners. For those skilled in the art, any technical solutions formed by making any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An underwater laser welding device for ocean engineering equipment, characterized in that, It includes a laser head (1), a sealed box (2), a wire feeding mechanism (3), a drainage mechanism (4), and an adsorption device (5); The interior of the sealed box (2) has a cavity for accommodating the emitting end of the laser head (1), and a through hole for the laser beam to emit is provided at the bottom of the cavity; The drainage mechanism (4) covers the outside of the through hole. One end of the drainage mechanism (4) is installed at the bottom of the sealed box (2), and the other end of the drainage mechanism (4) is provided with a rib (6) for fitting the repair part. An air inlet (41) for introducing gas and a water outlet (42) for discharging water are provided on the side wall of the drainage mechanism (4); The rib (6) surrounds and forms a laser welding area above the repair part, and the through hole is directly opposite to the laser welding area; The wire feeding mechanism (3) is used to convey a welding wire (10) to the repair part, and the welding wire (10) enters the laser welding area from the rib (6); The adsorption device (5) is located between the emitting end of the laser head (1) and the through hole. The adsorption device (5) includes an adjusting rod (51) and an adsorption unit (52) for adsorbing the flying dust generated by laser welding; The adjusting rod (51) is arranged parallel to the axis of the laser head (1) in the sealed box (2). The adsorption unit (52) is sleeved on the adjusting rod (51). A light-transmitting hole (53) for the laser beam to pass through is provided on the adsorption unit (52), and multiple groups of adsorption units (52) are arranged along the axial direction of the adjusting rod (51); Wherein, the adsorption unit (52) includes a spacer (521) and an asbestos adsorption pad (522). The spacer (521) is sleeved on the adjusting rod (51), the asbestos adsorption pad (522) is attached to the bottom of the spacer (521), and the light-transmitting hole (53) penetrates through the spacer (521) and the asbestos adsorption pad (522).

2. The underwater laser welding device for ocean engineering equipment according to claim 1, wherein The spacer (521) is installed on the adjusting rod (51) through a setscrew structure.

3. The underwater laser welding device for ocean engineering equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aperture diameters of the light-transmitting holes (53) on multiple groups of adsorption units (52) continuously decrease along the direction of the laser beam emission.

4. The underwater laser welding device for ocean engineering equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that A cover plate (11) is provided on the side wall of the sealed box (2), and a sealing structure is provided between the cover plate (11) and the sealed box (2).

5. The underwater laser welding device for ocean engineering equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, A gas recovery pipe is connected to the water outlet (42).

6. The underwater laser welding device for ocean engineering equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air inlet (41) of the drainage mechanism (4) is used to introduce inert gas.

7. The underwater laser welding device for ocean engineering equipment according to claim 1, wherein, A blow pipe is provided in the cavity of the sealed box (2), and the blow pipe is arranged between the laser head (1) and the adsorption device (5).

8. The welding repair method of the underwater laser welding device for ocean engineering equipment according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, It includes: In the processing and positioning stage, the baffle of the drainage mechanism (4) is attached to the part to be repaired of the ocean engineering equipment, the position of the underwater laser welding device is adjusted, and the laser welding area is determined; In the drainage stage, inert gas is introduced into the air inlet (41) of the drainage mechanism (4) to ensure that the air pressure in the sealed box (2) is greater than the pressure at the underwater depth where the part to be repaired is located. The water in the sealed box (2) is continuously discharged through the drainage mechanism (4), so that a local dry area is formed in the laser welding area; In the laser welding stage, the laser head (1) and the wire feeding mechanism (3) are started. The wire feeding mechanism (3) conveys the welding wire (10) to the laser welding area. The laser beam provides heat source for the welding wire (10) located in the laser welding area, and gradually completes the laser welding repair of the part to be repaired. The adsorption device (5) located in the sealed box (2) adsorbs the spatter and dust generated by laser welding.

9. The welding repair method of the underwater laser welding device for ocean engineering equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, Before the drainage stage, there is also a step of adjusting the adsorption device (5). According to the taper of the laser beam, the fixed positions of multiple groups of adsorption units (52) are adjusted.

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