An in-situ online monitoring device and method for physical and chemical parameters of soil at an archaeological site

Abstract

The application discloses an in-situ online monitoring device and method for physical and chemical parameters of soil in an archaeological site, and belongs to the technical field of archaeology, which comprises a monitoring host, a soil monitoring probe, a cloud database and a display terminal; the soil monitoring probe is used for simultaneously measuring the temperature, water content, conductivity and pH value in the soil, and each parameter does not need to be measured one by one, so that the measurement steps are greatly simplified, and in-situ monitoring is realized in the archaeological site; the monitoring host is electrically connected with the soil monitoring probe, the monitoring host comprises a liquid crystal display screen, and real-time detection data can be displayed on the liquid crystal display screen; the monitoring host and the display terminal are both in communication connection with the cloud database; the monitoring host can transmit the detection data to the cloud database, the cloud database can automatically process and store the detection data, the human cost for data arrangement is reduced, and the display terminal can remotely access the detection data in the cloud database.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of archaeological technology, specifically relating to an in-situ online monitoring device and method for soil physicochemical parameters at archaeological sites. Background Technology

[0002] The corrosion of cultural relics during burial in soil involves a series of chemical and electrochemical reactions occurring within the soil environment. Influencing factors include temperature, humidity, pH, and electrical conductivity. During archaeological excavations, the soil environment changes drastically from a sealed to an open environment, necessitating real-time monitoring to obtain data on factors affecting the relics and to track their changes, thus providing data support for the preservation of cultural relics.

[0003] In existing technologies, soil temperature is measured using thermometers, soil moisture content is determined by drying, soil pH is measured using pH meters, and soil chemical indicators are determined using ion chromatography. However, current soil testing instruments often only measure a single parameter, such as temperature, moisture content, or resistivity.

[0004] For soil environmental measurements at archaeological sites, current techniques, except for soil temperature and moisture content, require taking soil samples on-site, preparing solution samples in the laboratory, and then performing measurements. This process is complex and time-consuming. At archaeological sites, as excavation progresses, previously buried soil is disturbed and exposed, resulting in a constantly changing soil environment. Using existing analytical methods to monitor the soil environment would be extremely labor-intensive. Furthermore, after soil sampling, it is impossible to resample at the same location, thus failing to achieve in-situ monitoring. In addition, the amount of soil monitoring data obtained is enormous, and current methods only allow for manual data processing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the technical problems of existing technologies that require individual measurement of multiple parameters, involve complex measurement procedures, make in-situ monitoring impossible at archaeological sites, generate massive amounts of data, and incur high manpower costs for data processing, this invention provides an in-situ online monitoring device and method for soil physicochemical parameters at archaeological sites.

[0006] First aspect

[0007] This invention provides an in-situ online monitoring device for soil physicochemical parameters at archaeological sites, comprising: a monitoring host, a soil monitoring probe, a cloud database, and a display terminal;

[0008] Soil monitoring probes are used to simultaneously measure soil temperature, moisture content, electrical conductivity, and pH.

[0009] The monitoring host is electrically connected to the soil monitoring probe. The monitoring host includes an LCD screen that can display real-time detection data.

[0010] Both the monitoring host and the display terminal are connected to the cloud database.

[0011] The monitoring host can transmit the detection data to the cloud database, which can automatically process and store the detection data. The display terminal can remotely access the detection data in the cloud database.

[0012] Optionally, the soil monitoring probe includes a positive polarization electrode, a negative polarization electrode, and a microcurrent detection circuit; one end of the microcurrent detection circuit is electrically connected to the positive polarization electrode, and the other end is electrically connected to the negative polarization electrode; wherein, when the positive polarization electrode and the negative polarization electrode are inserted into the soil, the microcurrent generated is detected by the microcurrent detection circuit to measure the soil pH.

[0013] Optionally, the soil monitoring probe includes a first soil electrode, a second soil electrode, and a measuring circuit; one end of the measuring circuit is electrically connected to the first soil electrode, and the other end is electrically connected to the second soil electrode; wherein, when the first soil electrode and the second soil electrode are inserted into the soil, the measuring circuit simultaneously measures the soil moisture content and electrical conductivity.

[0014] Optionally, the measurement circuit includes: a control circuit, a switch, a capacitor, a transformer, and an alternating signal measurement sub-circuit; the control circuit is electrically connected to the capacitor via the switch; one side of the transformer is connected in parallel with the capacitor, and the other side of the transformer is connected to the first soil electrode and the second soil electrode; one end of the alternating signal measurement sub-circuit is electrically connected to the first soil electrode, and the other end is electrically connected to the second soil electrode.

[0015] Optionally, the switch is one of the following: a single-pole single-throw switch, a field-effect transistor, or a triode.

[0016] Optionally, the measurement circuit further includes: a bridge rectifier circuit and a load; one end of the transformer is electrically connected to the first soil electrode; the other end of the transformer is electrically connected to the second soil electrode through the bridge rectifier circuit; the bridge rectifier circuit is grounded through the load.

[0017] Optionally, the soil monitoring probe includes a thermocouple and a micro-voltage signal detector; the micro-voltage signal detector is electrically connected to the thermocouple; wherein, when the soil monitoring probe is inserted into the soil, the micro-voltage signal generated by the thermocouple is detected by the micro-voltage signal detector to measure the soil temperature.

[0018] Optionally, the monitoring host includes a front cover, a rear cover, a battery, and a charging port; the front cover and the rear cover are connected to form a receiving space; the battery is disposed in the receiving space; and the charging port is electrically connected to the battery.

[0019] Optionally, the in-situ online monitoring device for soil physicochemical parameters at the archaeological site includes: a data cable; the monitoring host includes: a front cover of the mounting bracket, a rear cover of the mounting bracket, and a sealing ring; the monitoring host is electrically connected to the soil monitoring probe via the data cable; the front cover and the rear cover of the mounting bracket form a mounting bracket to fix the data cable; the mounting bracket and the data cable are sealed together by the sealing ring.

[0020] Optionally, the monitoring host includes: a waist buckle and a tripod interface; the waist buckle is located on the outside of the monitoring host; the tripod interface is used to connect to an external tripod.

[0021] Second aspect

[0022] This invention provides a method for in-situ online monitoring of soil physicochemical parameters at archaeological sites, characterized in that it is applied to the in-situ online monitoring device for soil physicochemical parameters at archaeological sites described in the first aspect, comprising:

[0023] S101: Select test points at the archaeological site;

[0024] S102: Insert the soil monitoring probe into the test point to obtain detection data;

[0025] S103: The monitoring host transmits the detection data to the cloud database;

[0026] S104: The cloud database automatically processes and stores the detection data to obtain the soil pH, temperature, moisture content and electrical conductivity of the test point in one go.

[0027] Optionally, the soil pH is measured by inserting the positive and negative electrodes into the soil and detecting the generated microcurrent through the microcurrent detection circuit to measure the soil pH.

[0028] Optionally, the soil moisture content and electrical conductivity are measured by simultaneously measuring the soil moisture content and electrical conductivity through the measuring circuit, with the first soil electrode and the second soil electrode inserted into the soil.

[0029] Optionally, the soil temperature is measured by detecting the micro-voltage signal generated by the thermocouple through the micro-voltage signal detector when the soil monitoring probe is inserted into the soil, thereby measuring the soil temperature.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:

[0031] In this invention, soil monitoring probes are used to simultaneously measure the temperature, moisture content, electrical conductivity, and pH of the soil at the archaeological site. Each parameter does not need to be measured individually, which greatly simplifies the measurement process. In-situ monitoring is achieved at the archaeological site, and the detection data is uploaded to a cloud database. The cloud database automatically processes and stores the detection data, reducing the labor cost of data processing. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The preferred embodiments will now be described in a clear and easy-to-understand manner, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, to further explain the above-mentioned characteristics, technical features, advantages, and implementation methods of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an in-situ online monitoring device for soil physicochemical parameters at archaeological sites provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a soil monitoring probe provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a measurement circuit provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a monitoring host provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating an in-situ online monitoring method for soil physicochemical parameters at archaeological sites provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the specific implementation methods of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings and other implementation methods can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0039] To keep the drawings concise, each figure only schematically shows the parts relevant to the invention, and these do not represent the actual structure of the product. Furthermore, to facilitate understanding, in some figures, only one of components with the same structure or function is schematically depicted, or only one is labeled. In this document, "one" not only means "only one," but can also mean "more than one."

[0040] It should also be further understood that the term "and / or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0041] In this document, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0042] Furthermore, in the description of this invention, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only for distinguishing descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] In one embodiment, refer to the appendix to the specification. Figure 1 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of the structure of an in-situ online monitoring device for soil physicochemical parameters at archaeological sites.

[0045] The present invention provides an in-situ online monitoring device for soil physicochemical parameters at archaeological sites, comprising: a monitoring host 1, a soil monitoring probe 2, a cloud database 3, and a display terminal 4.

[0046] The soil monitoring probe 2 is used to simultaneously measure the temperature, moisture content, electrical conductivity and pH of the soil. Each parameter does not need to be measured individually, which greatly simplifies the measurement process and enables in-situ monitoring at the archaeological site.

[0047] The monitoring host 1 is electrically connected to the soil monitoring probe 2. The monitoring host 1 includes an LCD screen 101, which can display real-time detection data.

[0048] Both the monitoring host 1 and the display terminal 4 are connected to the cloud database 3.

[0049] Optionally, the monitoring host 1 can communicate with the cloud database 3 through an internally configured 4G module, 5G module, or WIFI module.

[0050] The monitoring host 1 can transmit the detection data to the cloud database 3. The cloud database 3 can automatically process and store the detection data, and the display terminal 4 can remotely access the detection data in the cloud database 3.

[0051] Optionally, the display terminal 4 can be a fixed client such as a computer, or a mobile client such as a mobile phone.

[0052] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:

[0053] In this invention, soil monitoring probe 2 is used to simultaneously measure the temperature, moisture content, electrical conductivity and pH of the soil at the archaeological site. Each parameter does not need to be measured individually, which greatly simplifies the measurement process. In-situ monitoring is achieved at the archaeological site, and the detection data is uploaded to cloud database 3. The cloud database 3 automatically processes and stores the detection data, reducing the labor cost of data processing.

[0054] Reference manual attached Figure 2 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a soil monitoring probe.

[0055] In one possible implementation, the soil monitoring probe 2 includes a positive polarization electrode 201, a negative polarization electrode 202, and a microcurrent detection circuit 203; one end of the microcurrent detection circuit 203 is electrically connected to the positive polarization electrode 201, and the other end is electrically connected to the negative polarization electrode 202.

[0056] In this method, when the positive polarization electrode 201 and the negative polarization electrode 202 are inserted into the soil, the generated microcurrent is detected by the microcurrent detection circuit 203 to measure the soil pH.

[0057] Among them, the positive polarization electrode 201 and the negative polarization electrode 202 can form a corrosion-resistant alloy metal sensor. When the metal sensor electrode comes into contact with the soil, an oxidation-reduction reaction will occur, forming a galvanic cell effect, which will eventually generate a microcurrent. This microcurrent can be detected by the microcurrent detection circuit 203. According to the mapping relationship between microcurrent and acidity / alkalinity, the microcurrent value can be converted into the corresponding acidity / alkalinity value.

[0058] In one possible implementation, the soil monitoring probe 2 includes a first soil electrode 204, a second soil electrode 205, and a measurement circuit 206; one end of the measurement circuit 206 is electrically connected to the first soil electrode 204, and the other end is electrically connected to the second soil electrode 205.

[0059] When the first soil electrode 204 and the second soil electrode 205 are inserted into the soil, the soil moisture content and electrical conductivity are simultaneously measured by the measuring circuit 206.

[0060] In this invention, the water content and conductivity of soil are measured by non-contact frequency domain emission technology, which is essentially a dielectric detection method based on the principle of capacitance.

[0061] Reference manual attached Figure 3 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a measurement circuit.

[0062] In one possible implementation, the measurement circuit 206 includes: a control circuit 2061, a switch 2062, a capacitor 2063, a transformer 2064, and an alternating signal measurement sub-circuit 2065; the control circuit 2061 is electrically connected to the capacitor 2063 via the switch 2062; one side of the transformer 2064 is connected in parallel with the capacitor 2063, and the other side of the transformer 2064 is connected to the first soil electrode 204 and the second soil electrode 205; one end of the alternating signal measurement sub-circuit 2065 is electrically connected to the first soil electrode 204, and the other end is electrically connected to the second soil electrode 205.

[0063] Specifically, when switch 2062 is opened, control circuit 2061 charges capacitor 2063. After charging is complete, switch 2062 is opened. After switch 2062 is opened, capacitor 2063 discharges to generate alternating current on one side of transformer 2064. This current is transmitted to the other side of transformer 2064 and generates alternating voltage between the first soil electrode 204 and the second soil electrode 205. Alternating signal measurement subcircuit 2065 can measure the alternating signal. The oscillation frequency of the alternating signal is positively correlated with the soil moisture content, and the amplitude attenuation of the alternating signal is positively correlated with the soil conductivity. Based on the mapping relationship between oscillation frequency and moisture content, the oscillation frequency value can be converted into the corresponding moisture content value. Based on the mapping relationship between amplitude attenuation and conductivity, the amplitude attenuation can be converted into the corresponding conductivity. At this time, both soil moisture content and conductivity can be measured simultaneously.

[0064] It should be noted that using non-contact frequency domain emission technology to measure soil moisture content and conductivity can reduce errors caused by soil polarization and improve measurement accuracy.

[0065] In one possible implementation, switch 2062 is one of the following: a single-pole single-throw switch, a field-effect transistor, or a triode.

[0066] In one possible implementation, the measurement circuit 206 further includes: a bridge rectifier circuit 2066 and a load 2067; one end of a transformer 2064 is electrically connected to the first soil electrode 204; the other end of the transformer 2064 is electrically connected to the second soil electrode 205 through the bridge rectifier circuit 2066; and the bridge rectifier circuit 2066 is grounded through the load 2067.

[0067] Among them, the bridge rectifier circuit 2066 can prevent reverse current.

[0068] In one possible implementation, the soil monitoring probe 2 includes a thermocouple 207 and a micro-voltage signal detector 208; the micro-voltage signal detector 208 is electrically connected to the thermocouple 207.

[0069] In this method, when the soil monitoring probe 2 is inserted into the soil, the micro-voltage signal generated by the thermocouple 207 is detected by the micro-voltage signal detector 208 to measure the soil temperature.

[0070] Furthermore, the measured soil temperature can be used to compensate for soil pH, moisture content, and electrical conductivity, thereby further improving detection accuracy.

[0071] Reference manual attached Figure 4 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a monitoring host.

[0072] In one possible implementation, the monitoring host 1 includes a front cover 102, a rear cover 103, a battery 104, and a charging port 105; the front cover 102 and the rear cover 103 are connected to form a receiving space; the battery 104 is disposed in the receiving space; and the charging port 105 is electrically connected to the battery 104.

[0073] Battery 104 is used to power the various functional devices in the monitoring host 1.

[0074] In one possible implementation, the in-situ online monitoring device for soil physicochemical parameters at the archaeological site includes: a data cable 5; and a monitoring host 1 including: a front cover 106 of the mounting bracket, a rear cover 107 of the mounting bracket, and a sealing ring 108. The monitoring host 1 is electrically connected to the soil monitoring probe 2 via the data cable 5. The front cover 106 and the rear cover 107 of the mounting bracket form a mounting bracket to fix the data cable 5. The mounting bracket and the data cable 5 are sealed together by the sealing ring 108.

[0075] The data cable 5 is secured by a bracket to prevent redundant exposure during operation, reduce the risk of the monitoring host 1 being pulled down by other objects, and also reduce the risk of electric shock.

[0076] In one possible implementation, the monitoring host 1 includes: a waist buckle 109 and a tripod interface; the waist buckle 109 is disposed on the outside of the monitoring host 1; the tripod interface is used to connect to an external tripod.

[0077] Among them, the waist buckle 109 is convenient for users to carry with them.

[0078] The tripod interface is used to connect to an external tripod, making it easy for users to fix the main unit in place.

[0079] Example 2

[0080] In one embodiment, refer to the appendix to the specification. Figure 5 The present invention provides a flowchart illustrating a method for in-situ online monitoring of soil physicochemical parameters at archaeological sites.

[0081] This invention provides a method for in-situ online monitoring of soil physicochemical parameters at archaeological sites, applied to the in-situ online monitoring device for soil physicochemical parameters at archaeological sites described in Example 1, comprising:

[0082] S101: Select test points at the archaeological site;

[0083] S102: Insert the soil monitoring probe into the test point to obtain detection data;

[0084] S103: The monitoring host transmits the detection data to the cloud database;

[0085] S104: The cloud database automatically processes and stores the detection data to obtain the soil pH, temperature, moisture content and electrical conductivity of the test point in one go.

[0086] In one possible implementation, the soil pH is measured as follows:

[0087] When the positive polarization electrode and the negative polarization electrode are inserted into the soil, the generated microcurrent is detected by the microcurrent detection circuit to measure the pH of the soil.

[0088] In one possible implementation, the soil's moisture content and electrical conductivity are measured as follows:

[0089] With the first soil electrode and the second soil electrode inserted into the soil, the soil moisture content and electrical conductivity are simultaneously measured by the measuring circuit.

[0090] In one possible implementation, the temperature of the soil is measured as follows:

[0091] When the soil monitoring probe is inserted into the soil, the micro-voltage signal generated by the thermocouple is detected by the micro-voltage signal detector to measure the temperature of the soil.

[0092] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:

[0093] In this invention, soil monitoring probes are used to simultaneously measure the temperature, moisture content, electrical conductivity, and pH of the soil at the archaeological site. Each parameter does not need to be measured individually, which greatly simplifies the measurement process. In-situ monitoring is achieved at the archaeological site, and the detection data is uploaded to a cloud database. The cloud database automatically processes and stores the detection data, reducing the labor cost of data processing.

[0094] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0095] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An in-situ online monitoring device for physicochemical parameters of archaeological site soil, characterized in that, The application relates to an in-situ online monitoring device for soil physicochemical parameters in an archaeological site. The device comprises a monitoring host, a soil monitoring probe, a cloud database and a display terminal. The soil monitoring probe is used for simultaneously measuring the temperature, water content, conductivity and pH value of soil. The monitoring host is electrically connected with the soil monitoring probe. The monitoring host comprises a liquid crystal display screen, which can display real-time detection data. The monitoring host and the display terminal are both in communication connection with the cloud database. The monitoring host can transmit the detection data to the cloud database. The cloud database can automatically process and store the detection data. The display terminal can remotely access the detection data in the cloud database. The soil monitoring probe comprises a positive polarization electrode, a negative polarization electrode, a micro-current detection circuit, a first soil electrode, a second soil electrode, a measurement circuit, a thermocouple and a micro-voltage signal detector. One end of the micro-current detection circuit is electrically connected with the positive polarization electrode, and the other end is electrically connected with the negative polarization electrode. When the positive polarization electrode and the negative polarization electrode are inserted into soil, the micro-current detection circuit is used for detecting the generated micro-current to measure the pH value of the soil. One end of the measurement circuit is electrically connected with the first soil electrode, and the other end is electrically connected with the second soil electrode.

2. The device for in-situ online monitoring of physicochemical parameters of soil at an archaeological site according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the first soil electrode and the second soil electrode are inserted into soil, the measurement circuit is used for simultaneously measuring the water content and conductivity of the soil. The micro-voltage signal detector is electrically connected with the thermocouple. When the soil monitoring probe is inserted into soil, the micro-voltage signal detector is used for detecting the micro-voltage signal generated by the thermocouple to measure the temperature of the soil. The measurement circuit comprises a control circuit, a switch, a capacitor, a transformer and an alternating signal measurement sub-circuit.

3. The device for in-situ online monitoring of physicochemical parameters of soil at archaeological sites according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control circuit is electrically connected with the capacitor through the switch. One side of the transformer is connected with the capacitor in parallel, and the other side of the transformer is connected with the first soil electrode and the second soil electrode. One end of the alternating signal measurement sub-circuit is electrically connected with the first soil electrode, and the other end is electrically connected with the second soil electrode. The measurement circuit further comprises a bridge rectifier circuit and a load.

4. An in-situ online monitoring method for physicochemical parameters of an archaeological site soil, characterized in that, One end of the transformer is electrically connected with the first soil electrode. The other end of the transformer is electrically connected with the second soil electrode through the bridge rectifier circuit. The bridge rectifier circuit is grounded through the load. The device is applied to the in-situ online monitoring device for soil physicochemical parameters in an archaeological site. S101: selecting a test point in an archaeological site; 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein, S102: inserting the soil monitoring probe into the test point to obtain detection data; S103: the monitoring host transmits the detection data to the cloud database; S104: the cloud database automatically processes and stores the detection data to obtain the pH value, temperature, water content and conductivity of the soil in the test point at one time. The pH value of the soil is measured by the following method: In the case that the positive polarization electrode and the negative polarization electrode are inserted into the soil, the micro-current detection circuit detects the generated micro-current to measure the pH value of the soil.

6. The method for in-situ online monitoring of physicochemical parameters of soil at an archaeological site according to claim 4, characterized in that, The measurement of the water content and the conductivity of the soil is as follows: In the case that the first soil electrode and the second soil electrode are inserted into the soil, the measurement circuit simultaneously measures the water content and the conductivity of the soil.

7. The method for in-situ online monitoring of physicochemical parameters of soil at an archaeological site according to claim 4, characterized in that, The measurement of the temperature of the soil is as follows: In the case that the soil monitoring probe is inserted into the soil, the micro-voltage signal detector detects the micro-voltage signal generated by the thermocouple to measure the temperature of the soil.

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