A lightweight and high-strength aluminum-tantalum composite metal sheet and its rolling forming method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a lightweight and high-strength aluminum-tantalum composite metal sheet and a rolling forming method thereof, belonging to the technical field of metal material processing. The lightweight and high-strength aluminum-tantalum composite metal sheet comprises an aluminum alloy plate layer, a pure aluminum intermediate layer and a pure tantalum plate layer. The method comprises the following steps: 1) annealing the selected aluminum alloy plate, pure aluminum plate and pure tantalum plate, and grinding and polishing the pre-bonding surface to obtain a plate with a smooth and bright surface and no oxidation; 2) stacking the aluminum alloy plate, pure aluminum plate and pure tantalum plate in sequence, heating the obtained composite plate to 450 °C and holding for 15-30 min, and then performing one-pass heavy reduction rolling forming to obtain the lightweight and high-strength aluminum-tantalum composite metal sheet. The present invention improves the bonding strength of the sheet while ensuring lightweight and high strength.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of metal material processing, and particularly relates to a lightweight and high-strength aluminum-tantalum composite metal sheet and a rolling forming method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Detectors need to face strong radiation, such as galactic cosmic rays, solar electromagnetic radiation, solar cosmic rays, and cosmic microwave background radiation, etc., and at the same time also need to face the requirement of weight reduction. Therefore, it is crucial to provide high-performance metal components that meet the requirements of light weight, stability, radiation protection, etc.

[0003] Currently, the main method is to use the superposition of aluminum and tantalum as the material for the radiation shielding cover. Aluminum has good shielding performance for high-energy electrons, while tantalum has good shielding performance for neutron flux and proton flux. At the same time, considering that the marginal benefit of the shielding effect will decrease with the increase of the thickness of a single layer of metal, the combination of aluminum-tantalum composite plates is selected. Currently, the production of aluminum-tantalum composite metal plates mainly uses solid-solid composite method, solid-liquid composite method and liquid-liquid composite method. Among them, the diffusion welding method has small pressure, does not produce macroscopic plastic deformation, and has low bonding strength, which is suitable for precision parts that do not need further processing after welding. The explosive composite method has high noise, great potential safety hazards and low production efficiency, which is not conducive to precise control. The extrusion and drawing method has poor continuity and is only applicable to metal composite pipes, rods and wires. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a lightweight and high-strength aluminum-tantalum composite metal sheet and a rolling forming method thereof. The process is simple and the prepared material has high strength.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention proposes the following technical solutions:

[0006] A lightweight and high-strength aluminum-tantalum composite metal sheet, which comprises an aluminum alloy plate layer, a pure aluminum intermediate layer and a pure tantalum plate layer.

[0007] Further, the thickness of the aluminum alloy plate layer is 2.5 - 4.5 mm; the thickness of the pure aluminum intermediate layer is 0.1 - 0.5 mm; the thickness of the pure tantalum plate layer is 0.5 - 2.5 mm.

[0008] The present invention also provides a rolling forming method for the above-mentioned lightweight and high-strength aluminum-tantalum composite metal sheet, comprising the following steps:

[0009] 1) Anneal the selected aluminum alloy plate, pure aluminum plate and pure tantalum plate, and grind and polish the pre-bonding surface to obtain a plate with a smooth and clean surface without oxidation.

[0010] 2) Stack the aluminum alloy plate, pure aluminum plate and pure tantalum plate in sequence, heat the obtained composite plate to 450 °C and keep it warm for 15 - 30 min, and then perform one-pass heavy reduction rolling to form the lightweight and high-strength aluminum-tantalum composite metal plate.

[0011] Further, in step 1), the annealing treatment temperature is 200 - 300 °C, wherein the annealing time of the aluminum alloy plate is 1 - 3 h, the annealing time of the pure aluminum plate is 1 - 2 h, and the annealing time of the pure tantalum plate is 2 - 5 h.

[0012] Further, in step 1), the grinding and polishing treatment is specifically: first, roughen the surface of the material with a angle grinder, then perform sandblasting, and finally perform surface cleaning.

[0013] Further, in step 2), the obtained composite plate after stacking is riveted with aluminum rivets.

[0014] Further, in step 2), during the heating and heat preservation process, evacuate the heating furnace and introduce argon gas.

[0015] Further, in step 2), the parameter control during the rolling forming process is: the speed range of the rolling mill is 50 - 70 r / min, and the reduction is controlled to be 60 - 70%.

[0016] The present invention also provides an application of the lightweight and high-strength aluminum-tantalum composite metal plate as a detector material.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] The present invention performs single-pass rolling on the aluminum-tantalum composite plate by adding a pure aluminum intermediate layer. On the premise of ensuring lightweight and high strength, the bonding strength of the plate is improved, the annealing treatment after rolling of the plate is eliminated, and the oxidation of the plate can be effectively prevented.

[0019] The composite strength of the lightweight and high-strength aluminum-tantalum composite metal plate is large (≥80 Mpa), and the two composite metal plates of aluminum and tantalum are not easily peeled off, and the elongation is good (≥200%).

[0020] The present invention has the advantages of simple production process, energy conservation and environmental protection, large composite strength of products, high elongation rate, etc. Description of the Drawings

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0022] Figure 1 It is the process flow chart of the lightweight and high-strength aluminum-tantalum composite metal sheet rolling process in Example 1;

[0023] Figure 2 It is the interface scanning electron micrograph of the lightweight and high-strength aluminum-tantalum composite metal sheet prepared in Example 1;

[0024] Figure 3 It is the interface scanning electron micrograph and interface compound of the rolled sheet without pure aluminum intermediate layer prepared in Comparative Example 1;

[0025] Figure 4 It is the bonding strength of the sheets prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1;

[0026] Figure 5 It is the sample morphology diagram after one-pass rolling in Example 1;

[0027] Figure 6 It is the sample morphology diagram after one-pass rolling in Comparative Example 1;

[0028] Figure 7 It is the sample morphology diagram after one-pass rolling in Example 2;

[0029] Figure 8 It is the interface scanning electron micrograph of the composite metal sheet after one-pass rolling in Example 2. Detailed implementation manners

[0030] Now, various exemplary implementation manners of the present invention will be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, characteristics, and implementation schemes of the present invention.

[0031] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing specific implementation manners and are not used to limit the present invention. Additionally, for the numerical ranges in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Each intermediate value within any stated value or stated range, as well as each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range, is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0032] Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains. Although the present invention only describes preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials related to the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0033] Without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention, various improvements and changes can be made to the specific embodiments of the specification of the present invention, which are obvious to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments obtained from the specification of the present invention are obvious to those skilled in the art. The specification and examples of this application are merely exemplary.

[0034] Regarding the use of "comprising", "including", "having", "containing", etc. herein, they are all open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0035] A lightweight and high-strength aluminum-tantalum composite metal sheet, which includes an aluminum alloy plate layer, a pure aluminum intermediate layer, and a pure tantalum plate layer.

[0036] In some preferred embodiments, the thickness of the aluminum alloy plate layer is 2.5 - 4.5 mm, preferably 4 mm; the thickness of the pure aluminum intermediate layer is 0.1 - 0.5 mm, preferably 0.35 mm; the thickness of the pure tantalum plate layer is 0.5 - 2.5 mm, preferably 1.7 mm.

[0037] The present invention also provides a rolling forming method for the above-mentioned lightweight and high-strength aluminum-tantalum composite metal sheet, which includes the following steps:

[0038] 1) Anneal the selected aluminum alloy plate, pure aluminum plate, and pure tantalum plate, and grind and polish the pre-bonding surface to obtain a plate with a flat, smooth, and oxidation-free surface;

[0039] 2) Stack the aluminum alloy plate, pure aluminum plate, and pure tantalum plate in sequence, heat the obtained composite plate to 450 °C and hold for 15 - 30 min, preferably 30 min, and then perform one-pass heavy reduction rolling forming to obtain the lightweight and high-strength aluminum-tantalum composite metal sheet.

[0040] The aluminum alloy plate used in the present invention is 7075 aluminum alloy, and the pure aluminum plate is commercial 1060 aluminum alloy, which conforms to the regulations in the national standard GB / T 3190 - 2020. The compositions of 7075 aluminum alloy and 1060 aluminum alloy are shown in Table 1, and the chemical composition of pure tantalum is shown in Table 2.

[0041] Table 1 Composition Table of Aluminum Plates

[0042]

[0043] Table 2 Composition Table of Pure Tantalum

[0044] Element C H O Nb Fe W Mo Si T (wt%) 0.010 0.015 0.015 0.050 0.005 0.010 0.010 0.005 Balance

[0045] In some preferred embodiments, in step 1), in order to eliminate the residual stress of the original aluminum alloy and pure tantalum materials, annealing treatment needs to be carried out before rolling the composite plate. Control the annealing temperature of the aluminum alloy plate to be 200 - 300 °C, preferably 270 °C, and the holding time to be 1 - 3 h, preferably 2.5 h. After the holding time is completed, quickly take it out and air-cool it to room temperature; control the annealing temperature of the pure tantalum plate to be annealing in an atmosphere (argon), the holding time to be 2 - 5 h, preferably 4 h. After the holding time is completed, quickly take it out and air-cool it to room temperature; control the annealing holding time of the pure aluminum plate to be 1 - 2 h, preferably 1 h. After the holding time is completed, quickly take it out and air-cool it to room temperature.

[0046] In some preferred embodiments, in step 1), in order to increase the contact area between the aluminum alloy and the intermediate pure aluminum and pure tantalum materials, a grinding wheel needs to be used to roughen the material surface. Sandblasting treatment is carried out on the plate surface to obtain a certain cleanliness and improve its fatigue resistance. After grinding, the aluminum alloy, pure aluminum plate and pure tantalum plate are subjected to surface cleaning treatment. The cleaning steps are to ultrasonically wash the material surface with anhydrous ethanol to remove the oil stains left by grinding and other processing; use a cotton ball dipped in anhydrous ethanol to evenly wipe the material surface for about 2 min. After wiping is completed, quickly stack the aluminum alloy, pure aluminum and pure tantalum materials after the surface water stains are dried.

[0047] In some preferred embodiments, in step 2), the combined plate obtained after stacking is riveted with aluminum rivets.

[0048] In some preferred embodiments, in step 2), during the heating and holding process, the heating furnace is evacuated and argon is introduced.

[0049] In some preferred embodiments, in step 2), the parameter control during the rolling forming process is as follows: the speed range of the rolling mill rolls is 50 - 70 r / min, preferably 60 r / min, and the reduction is controlled to be 60 - 70%, preferably 70%.

[0050] As a further preferred solution, the number of layers of the raw materials of the lightweight and high-strength aluminum-tantalum composite metal plate can also be increased. Specifically:

[0051] A rolling forming method for the lightweight and high-strength aluminum-tantalum composite metal plate as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0052] 1) Anneal the selected aluminum alloy plate, pure aluminum plate and pure tantalum plate, and grind and polish the pre-bonding surface to obtain plates with a flat, smooth and oxidation-free surface;

[0053] 2) Stack the aluminum alloy plate, pure aluminum plate, pure tantalum plate, pure aluminum plate and aluminum alloy plate in sequence, heat the obtained composite plate to 450 °C and hold for 15 - 30 min, preferably 30 min, and then perform one-pass heavy reduction rolling to form the lightweight and high-strength aluminum-tantalum composite metal plate.

[0054] The present invention also provides an application of the described lightweight and high-strength aluminum-tantalum composite metal plate as a detector material.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] A rolling forming method of the described lightweight and high-strength aluminum-tantalum composite metal plate is as follows:

[0057] 1) Prepare 7075 aluminum alloy, 1060 aluminum alloy and pure tantalum plate. The chemical compositions of the 7075 aluminum alloy and the pure aluminum intermediate layer shall comply with the regulations in the national standard GB / T3190 - 2020. The chemical composition of pure tantalum is shown in Table 2, and the dimensions of each material are shown in Table 3 below;

[0058] Table 3 Dimensions of aluminum / aluminum / tantalum plates (mm)

[0059] Material Length Width Thickness 7075Al 210(±1) 80(±1) 4(±0.1) 1060Al 210(±1) 80(±1) 0.2(±0.05) Tantalum plate 210(±1) 80(±1) 1.7(±0.1)

[0060] Anneal the selected aluminum alloy plate, pure aluminum plate and pure tantalum plate. Control the annealing temperature of the aluminum alloy plate to be 270 °C, the holding time to be 2.5 h. After the holding is completed, quickly take it out and air-cool it to room temperature; control the annealing temperature of the pure tantalum plate to be 270 °C for atmosphere annealing, the holding time to be 4 h. After the holding is completed, quickly take it out and air-cool it to room temperature; control the annealing holding time of the pure aluminum plate to be 1 h. After the holding is completed, quickly take it out and air-cool it to room temperature.

[0061] 2) Grind the surfaces of the annealed 7075 aluminum alloy, 1060 aluminum plate and pure tantalum plate with a angle grinder to remove the oxide film on the material surface for about 1 min; then, wipe the ground material surface with anhydrous ethanol to remove the oil stains left due to grinding and other processing. Use a cotton ball dipped in anhydrous ethanol to evenly wipe the material surface for about 2 min. After wiping, obtain a plate with a smooth and clean surface without oxidation;

[0062] 3) As Figure 1 shown in the processing flow, stack the above-treated plate samples in sequence from bottom to top as 7075 aluminum alloy - 1060 aluminum alloy - pure tantalum plate, and use rivets for anchoring to obtain a composite plate;

[0063] 4) Place the obtained composite plate into a heating furnace, hold it at 450 °C under vacuum (argon atmosphere) for 30 min, and then perform one-pass heavy reduction rolling to form a shape with a roll speed of 60 r / min and a rolling reduction of 65%, thus obtaining a lightweight and high-strength aluminum-tantalum composite metal sheet.

[0064] Comparative Example 1

[0065] Same as Example 1, except that no pure aluminum plate is added as the intermediate layer.

[0066] Figure 2 It is the interface scanning electron micrograph of the lightweight and high-strength aluminum-tantalum composite metal sheet prepared in Example 1. It can be seen from the figure that in the case of adding a pure aluminum intermediate layer, the pure aluminum intermediate layer will not form an interfacial compound with the tantalum layer and the 7075 aluminum alloy, ensuring the bonding performance of the sheet.

[0067] Figure 3 It is the interface scanning electron micrograph and interfacial compound of the rolled sheet without a pure aluminum intermediate layer prepared in Comparative Example 1. It can be seen from the figure that in the case of not adding a pure aluminum intermediate layer, other elements in the 7075 aluminum alloy will form an interfacial compound with the tantalum layer, greatly affecting the performance of the sheet.

[0068] Figure 4 It is the bonding strength of the sheets prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1. It can be seen from the figure that the ultimate shear stress (90.39 Mpa) of the sheet containing a pure aluminum intermediate layer is better than that of the sheet without a pure aluminum intermediate layer (41.05 Mpa).

[0069] Figure 5 It is the morphology diagram after one-pass rolling in Example 1. Figure 6 It is the morphology diagram after one-pass rolling in Comparative Example 1. Through comparison, it can be found that the finished product of the sheet containing a pure aluminum intermediate layer in Example 1 is relatively flat compared with that in Comparative Example 1. And it is measured that the sheet prepared in Example 1 is about 440 mm (see Figure 5 ).

[0070] Comparative Example 2

[0071] Same as Example 1, except that the thickness of the 1060 aluminum alloy is 1 mm.

[0072] It is found that the ultimate shear stress of the prepared sheet is 70.42 Mpa.

[0073] Comparative Example 3

[0074] Same as Example 1, except that the annealing treatment in step 1) is not performed, and direct grinding and polishing treatment is carried out.

[0075] It is found that the ultimate shear stress of the prepared sheet is 60.15 Mpa.

[0076] Comparative Example 4

[0077] Same as Example 1, except that in step 4), the composite plate is heat-insulated at 500 °C under vacuum (argon atmosphere) for 20 min.

[0078] It was found that the ultimate shear stress of the prepared plate was 79.07 Mpa.

[0079] Example 2

[0080] Same as Example 1, except that in step 3), the sequential stacking is carried out in the order of 7075 aluminum alloy - 1060 aluminum alloy - pure tantalum plate - 1060 aluminum alloy - 7075 aluminum alloy from bottom to top, and rivets are used for anchoring to obtain a composite plate.

[0081] The ultimate shear stress of the plate prepared in this example was 121.45 Mpa. It can be seen from a comparison with Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 that the shear strength of the tensile-shear specimen of the plate containing a pure aluminum intermediate layer is higher and the bonding strength is better. For the rolled plate with the structure of 7075 aluminum alloy - 1060 aluminum alloy - pure tantalum plate - 1060 aluminum alloy - 7075 aluminum alloy, its bonding strength is higher.

[0082] Figure 7 This is the morphological diagram of the composite metal plate after one-pass rolling in this example. It can be seen that the plate shape is good and relatively straight.

[0083] Figure 8 This is the scanning electron micrograph of the interface of the composite metal plate after one-pass rolling in this example. It can be seen that the interface bonding of the plate obtained after multi-layer composite is good, ensuring the bonding performance of the plate.

[0084] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rolling forming method for a lightweight and high-strength aluminum-tantalum composite metal sheet, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: 1) Anneal the selected aluminum alloy plate, pure aluminum plate and pure tantalum plate, and grind and polish the pre-bonding surface to obtain plates with a flat, smooth and oxide-free surface; 2) Stack the aluminum alloy plate, pure aluminum plate and pure tantalum plate in sequence, heat the obtained composite plate to 450 °C and keep it warm for 15 - 30 min, and then perform one-pass heavy reduction rolling to form a lightweight and high-strength aluminum-tantalum composite metal plate; the reduction in the rolling process is 60 - 70%; The lightweight and high-strength aluminum-tantalum composite metal plate includes an aluminum alloy plate layer, a pure aluminum intermediate layer and a pure tantalum plate layer; the thickness of the aluminum alloy plate layer is 2.5 - 4.5 mm; the thickness of the pure aluminum intermediate layer is 0.1 - 0.5 mm; the thickness of the pure tantalum plate layer is 0.5 - 2.5 mm.

2. The rolling forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1), the annealing treatment temperature is 200 - 300 °C, wherein the annealing time of the aluminum alloy plate is 1 - 3 h, the annealing time of the pure aluminum plate is 1 - 2 h, and the annealing time of the pure tantalum plate is 2 - 5 h.

3. The rolling forming method according to claim 1, wherein, In step 1), the grinding and polishing treatment is specifically: first roughen the material surface with a angle grinder, then perform sandblasting, and finally perform surface cleaning.

4. The rolling forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2), the obtained composite plate after stacking is riveted with aluminum rivets.

5. The rolling forming method according to claim 1, wherein, In step 2), during the heating and insulation process, evacuate the heating furnace and introduce argon gas.

6. The rolling forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2), the parameter control in the rolling process is: the speed range of the rolling mill rolls is 50 - 70 r / min.

7. Application of a lightweight and high-strength aluminum-tantalum composite metal plate prepared by the rolling method according to any one of claims 1 - 6 as a detector material.

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