An image edge detection method based on an optical waveguide structure

Abstract

The present invention discloses an image edge detection device and method based on an optical waveguide structure, comprising: (1) converting the pixel value information of each pixel point in the image to be detected into laser intensity information; (2) inputting the laser intensity information corresponding to each pixel block into the corresponding optical waveguide operator structure one by one through a laser and an optical intensity adjustment element; (3) the optical waveguide operator structure regulating the input optical intensity information; (4) collecting the optical intensity information corresponding to the pixel points output by the optical waveguide operator structure and converting the corresponding optical intensity information into pixel information to complete the detection of the image edge. Using this method, dual-channel image edge detection can be achieved at present. Compared with traditional electrical detection methods, the speed is greatly improved, and the detection effect on the contour of the target image is very good, with clear contours and richer details. When the picture is input and detected in two bands, the image contour can be recognized in both cases.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of image processing, and particularly to an image edge detection method based on an optical waveguide structure. Background Art

[0002] The progress of artificial intelligence technology is changing society with unprecedented breadth and depth. Technologically speaking, these advancements greatly rely on the development of artificial neural networks. However, von Neumann computers based on silicon-based electronic chips are increasingly unable to meet the growing demand for processing large-scale data in artificial intelligence technology, such as requirements for multi-threading, multi-tasking, and fast image processing. In addition, silicon-based electronic chips also have the problem of mutual interference of electronic signals, which greatly hinders the technical implementation of artificial neural networks with high-density connections.

[0003] Light is an excellent medium for information transmission and processing, with the ability of high-speed parallelism, and light waves can propagate without interference in three-dimensional space. In particular, the speed of light propagation is as high as 10 8 m / s, with almost no time delay during information processing. These advantages make it highly possible for optical neural networks based on integrated photonics to replace von Neumann electronic devices with their large data transmission and processing capabilities.

[0004] Adding materials with actively tunable optical properties to integrated photonics enables the programming and in-memory computing capabilities that are indispensable for on-chip optical computing.

[0005] In the field of traditional image processing, the Roberts operator has been widely used in the field of image edge detection since it was proposed in 1963. The structure of this operator is simple and it can well detect the horizontal and vertical edges of an image. However, as an electrical operator, it has an inherent bottleneck in terms of detection speed. Therefore, constructing a Robert operator in combination with an optical waveguide structure and applying it to the field of image detection is a feasible direction. (L. Roberts, Machine Perception of 3-D Solids, Optical and Electro-optical Information Processing, MIT Press 1965.) Summary of the Invention

[0006] Based on an optical waveguide structure, the present invention provides an image edge detection method. By controlling the crystalline state of the phase change material, the regulation of the light intensity of pixel points is realized, and the "convolution operation" of the pixel values of the corresponding pixel points is realized, with high speed and high efficiency.

[0007] Based on an optical waveguide structure, the present invention constructs an edge detection device and provides a detection method. Taking the phase change material Ge2Se2Te5 as an example, by means of voltage excitation, thermal excitation, laser pulse pumping, etc., the crystallinity of the phase change material Ge2Se2Te5 is regulated to make it present different degrees of crystallization states, so that the on-chip waveguide structure of the phase change material presents optical output characteristics in different states, and thus realizes the equivalent operation of optical input. The on-chip optical waveguide structure integrated with Ge2Se2Te5 is equivalent to an optical differential operator in digital form. Based on this operator, the present invention encodes the pixel values of an image as optical input and establishes a data collection and processing system to form a complete process of image information generation, operation and processing, realizing a simple application of photonic computing in the field of images and providing a verification for the feasibility of photonic computing.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] An image edge detection device based on an optical waveguide structure, comprising:

[0010] A laser for providing pulsed laser;

[0011] An optical intensity adjustment element for adjusting the intensity of the laser emitted by the laser;

[0012] A plurality of optical waveguide operator structures for regulating the intensity of the input pulsed laser;

[0013] A detector for detecting the regulated optical intensity output by the optical waveguide operator structure;

[0014] A processor, which collects the optical intensity information collected by the detector, converts the optical intensity information into corresponding pixel information, completes the detection of the image edge, and inputs the optical intensity information

[0015] The laser is a tunable pulsed laser for providing laser input, and its wavelength can be in the visible band, near-infrared band or mid-infrared band.

[0016] The optical intensity adjustment element can adopt an electro-optic variable optical attenuator (EVOA). The optical intensity adjustment element can control the input laser intensity and encode the pixel values of the image as the laser power intensity. Preferably, the electro-optic variable optical attenuator can operate at a frequency above 0.5 GHz and provide an attenuation of more than 30 dB.

[0017] The multiple optical waveguide operator structures are used to perform a convolution operation on a pixel block. When designing, it is necessary to consider the structure of the edge detection operator (i.e., the edge detection convolution kernel) adopted theoretically. For example, a common edge detection operator is a convolution kernel structure with a 2*2 or 3*3 structure. The number and state of the optical waveguide operator structures correspond to the number and element values of the corresponding theoretical edge detection operator. For example, when a 2*2 edge detection operator is adopted, the elements therein are assumed to be (a is generally 1), and the corresponding pixel block is ; the regulation states of the optical waveguide operator structures corresponding to the above two elements are the states corresponding to -a (for example, for the regulation realized by using a phase change material, the phase change material can be in a crystalline state); the regulation states of the optical waveguide operator structures corresponding to the following two elements are the states corresponding to a (for example, for the regulation realized by using a phase change material, the phase change material can be in an amorphous state), etc. Similarly, when connecting, the optical waveguide operator structures corresponding to the elements in the edge detection operator are connected to the lasers and light intensity adjustment elements corresponding to the pixel points in the corresponding pixel block of the image to be processed to realize the adjustment of the light intensity signal. For example, the laser and light intensity adjustment element corresponding to the pixel point "upper left" at the upper end are connected to the optical waveguide operator structure corresponding to -a at the upper left of the edge detection operator, and so on.

[0018] Preferably, the numbers of the lasers, light intensity adjustment elements, and detectors are set in one-to-one correspondence with the number of the optical waveguide operator structures.

[0019] Preferably, the optical waveguide operator structure includes:

[0020] A substrate;

[0021] A straight waveguide I and a straight waveguide II arranged in parallel on the substrate;

[0022] A micro-ring structure arranged on the substrate and located between the straight waveguide I and the straight waveguide II;

[0023] An optically tunable material arranged on the micro-ring structure, and the dynamic regulation of the optical field of the corresponding micro-ring structure is realized by regulating the refractive index of the material;

[0024] One end of the straight waveguide I is connected to the output end of the light intensity adjustment element through a detector for light intensity input, and the other port is connected to an input end of the processor for outputting the light intensity signal I; the micro-ring structure uses the resonant cavity structure to enhance the resonance of the optical field to realize the wavelength selection of the input broadband laser; the straight waveguide II receives the electromagnetic wave transmitted in the micro-ring structure through near-field coupling, and its corresponding one end port is connected to another port of the processor through a detector for outputting the received light intensity signal II.

[0025] The substrate serves as the bottom support part of the optical waveguide structure.

[0026] The straight waveguide I has one end for laser input, serving as the input source of the operator; the other port is for output, serving as one of the output sources of the operator.

[0027] The micro-ring structure utilizes the resonant cavity structure to enhance the resonance of the optical field, realizing wavelength selection for the input broadband laser.

[0028] The straight waveguide II couples the electromagnetic wave transmitted in the micro-ring structure to the straight waveguide II through near-field coupling and outputs it through one port, serving as the other output source of the operator.

[0029] The detector is used to detect the output optical intensity of the optical waveguide operator. In some embodiments, each optical waveguide operator structure corresponds to two detectors, one is arranged at the output port of the straight waveguide I for detecting the optical intensity signal I, and one is arranged at the output port of the straight waveguide II for detecting the optical intensity signal II.

[0030] The processor is used to process the output data of the detector in real time, and at the same time perform simple summation and normalization processing on the received optical intensity signal data to obtain the corresponding pixel information, and further generate an edge detection image.

[0031] In some embodiments, the structures of the straight waveguide and the micro-ring waveguide can be made of materials such as silicon, silicon nitride, chalcogenide glass, etc.; the refractive index of the material of the substrate where the straight waveguide is located is less than the refractive index of the waveguide material.

[0032] In some embodiments, the optically tunable material can be a phase change material (such as Ge2Se2Te5, Sb2Te3, VO2, etc.), a low-dimensional material (such as graphene, black phosphorus, rhenium disulfide, etc.). The refractive index of this type of material can be reversibly regulated by methods such as voltage, heating, or optics. Integrating it with the optical micro-ring structure can realize dynamic regulation of the optical field of the micro-ring structure.

[0033] In some embodiments, when the input laser band is the near-infrared band, the widths of the straight waveguide I and the straight waveguide II are 300 - 700 nanometers, and the heights are 100 - 400 nanometers; the diameter of the micro-ring structure is 10 - 50 micrometers, the ring width is 300 - 700 nanometers, and the height is 100 - 400 nanometers; the distance between the micro-ring structure and the straight waveguide is 100 - 200 nanometers.

[0034] The number of the optical waveguide operator structures is 4 groups, corresponding to the four elements in the 2*2 structure edge detection operator respectively.

[0035] An image edge detection method based on an optical waveguide structure, which uses the detection device described in any one of the above to perform detection, includes the following steps:

[0036] (1) Convert the pixel value information of each pixel point in each pixel block of the image to be detected into light intensity information;

[0037] (2) Input the light intensity information corresponding to each pixel block into the corresponding optical waveguide operator structure one by one through a laser and a light intensity adjustment element;

[0038] (3) The optical waveguide operator structure regulates the input light intensity information;

[0039] (4) Collect the light intensity information output by the optical waveguide operator structure, and convert the corresponding light intensity information into corresponding pixel information to complete the detection of the image edge.

[0040] The optical field state of the optical waveguide operator structure can be regulated before step (1), or during step (1), or during step (2) to meet the light intensity adjustment requirements of the corresponding pixel block.

[0041] During actual detection, first split the image into pixel blocks. The split pixel blocks contain all the information of the image and are in the same form as the differential operator used. Then, determine the structure of the detection operator according to the structure of the pixel block, and further determine the number and state of the corresponding optical waveguide operator structure.

[0042] As an implementation scheme, the image to be detected can be decomposed into square pixel blocks composed of four pixels, with an overlap of two pixels between adjacent pixel blocks; the corresponding theoretical number of optical waveguide operator structures used is four.

[0043] Furthermore, the edge detection operator includes a horizontal detection operator and a vertical detection operator. The mathematical form of the horizontal detection operator is The form of the vertical detection operator is Among them, the state of the tunable optical property material of the optical waveguide operator structure corresponding to "-1" is crystalline; the state of the tunable optical property material of the optical waveguide operator structure corresponding to "1" is amorphous.

[0044] Furthermore:

[0045] (1) Taking the phase change material as an example, by means of voltage excitation, thermal excitation, laser pulse pumping, etc., switch the initial state of the phase change material to crystalline. At this time, the incident light passes through the micro-ring integrated optical waveguide structure, collect the signals output from the two straight waveguide ports, and process the signals, corresponding to the "-1" unit of the detection operator in image processing;

[0046] (2) By means of voltage excitation, thermal excitation, laser pulse pumping, etc., the state of the phase change material is converted to the amorphous state. At this time, the incident light passes through the micro-ring integrated optical waveguide structure, collects the signals output from the two straight waveguide ports, and processes the signals, corresponding to the "1" unit of the detection operator in image processing;

[0047] During actual detection, four sets of the same optical waveguide operator structures are built to form an array detection structure. By means of voltage excitation, thermal excitation, laser pulse pumping, etc., the crystallization state of the phase change material is controlled, and a vertical detection operator or a horizontal detection operator is established according to requirements.

[0048] In order to avoid frequently changing the crystallization state of the phase change material, after horizontal edge detection / vertical edge detection, the connection mode of the ports of the optical waveguide operator structure can be manually adjusted once, so that the state corresponding to the current connection mode of the optical waveguide operator structure is adjusted from horizontal edge detection / vertical edge detection to vertical edge detection / horizontal edge detection state, and then vertical edge detection / horizontal edge detection is performed.

[0049] It is found through simulation experiments that when using pulsed lasers with wavelengths of 1555 - 1565 nm and 1580 - 1590 nm for detection respectively, the above-mentioned optical waveguide operator structure has the same resonant characteristics. The two wavelengths can be used to perform edge detection on the same image to be detected, and two edge detection pictures corresponding to the image can be obtained, and then dual-channel edge detection of the image can be realized.

[0050] The present invention can realize the detection of horizontal and vertical edges of images. In addition, it has good performance in the recognition of MNIST handwritten digits, etc., and has great application prospects in the field of optical computing, and can be used for the rapid data processing work in data centers.

[0051] The present invention uses a laser and an electronically controlled variable optical attenuator to realize the optical coding input of an image. A laser pulse encodes an image pixel value, and the power of the input light is encoded and adjusted according to the pixel value.

[0052] The present invention utilizes the optically tunable characteristics of the phase change material and combines with the optical waveguide structure to construct an edge detection operator. By means of voltage excitation, thermal excitation, laser pulse pumping, etc., the switching of the phase state of the phase change material between the crystalline state and the amorphous state is controlled. When the phase change material is in the crystalline state, the optical information output by the laser passing through the waveguide structure is equivalent to the number "-1". When the phase change material is in the amorphous state, the optical information output by the laser passing through the waveguide structure is equivalent to the number "1". When the phase change material is between the crystalline state and the amorphous state, the optical information output by the laser passing through the waveguide structure is between -1 and 1. The introduction of the micro-ring structure greatly enhances the resolution ability of the output optical information. At present, the integrated structure can achieve 64 discrete and distinguishable states between the -1 and 1 states;

[0053] The present invention utilizes a photodetector to receive the light beams from the output ports of the straight waveguide I and the straight waveguide II respectively in a way of end-face coupling or grating coupling, and processes the collected light intensity data. For example, the following mathematical operations are generally performed: D and T respectively represent the light intensities received by the detector D and the detector T.

[0054] The solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0055] (1) Compared with the traditional electronic image edge detection, the present invention provides a new example for optical means to detect image edges.

[0056] (2) The present invention realizes photonic computing by using a waveguide structure, improving the operation speed.

[0057] (3) By using the switching between different phases of the phase change material to control the output of the waveguide, a fast and non-volatile optical control operation is realized.

[0058] (4) The device fabrication process is compatible with the CMOS process and can be quickly integrated into the existing electronic system for updating and iteration.

[0059] By using this method, dual-channel image edge detection can be realized at present. Compared with the traditional electrical detection method, the speed is greatly improved, and the target image contour has a good detection effect, with clear contours and richer details. When the picture is input and detected in two bands, the image contour can be recognized;

[0060] By using this structure, digital regulation between [-1, 1] is realized. Due to the resonance effect of the micro-ring structure, 6-bit precision and a total of 64-level digital regulation can be realized by means of voltage excitation, thermal excitation or laser pulse pumping, etc., which has a great improvement in precision compared with the traditional straight waveguide. Description of the Drawings

[0061] Figure 1 The pixel block structure determined for the embodiment and the gray scale values of the selected image;

[0062] Figure 1 Reference numerals: 101 - upper left pixel value; 102 - upper right pixel value; 103 - lower left pixel value; 104 - lower right pixel value;

[0063] Figure 2 The convolution process for edge detection;

[0064] Figure 3 The overall schematic diagram of the optical waveguide structure;

[0065] Figure 3Reference numerals: 1 - laser; 2 - processor; 3 - EVOA; 4 - straight waveguide II; 5 - straight waveguide I; 6 - micro-ring; 7 - substrate; 8 - phase change material; a - input port of straight waveguide I; b - output port of straight waveguide I; c - output port of straight waveguide 2; d - input port of straight waveguide 2; D - detector 1; T - detector 2;

[0066] Figure 4 is the waveguide grating coupling method;

[0067] Figure 5 is the waveguide edge coupling method;

[0068] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the optical process for image edge detection;

[0069] Figure 6 In it: I1 - laser pulse of pixel 101; I2 - laser pulse of pixel 102; I3 - laser pulse of pixel 103; I4 - laser pulse of pixel 104; S1 - optical waveguide operator structure 1; S2 - optical waveguide operator structure 2; S3 - optical waveguide operator structure 3; S4 - optical waveguide operator structure 4; D1 - detector; D2 - detector; D3 - detector; D4 - detector; D5 - detector; D6 - detector; D7 - detector; D8 - detector

[0070] Figure 7 are the edge detection result diagrams of two bands. Specific implementation manners

[0071] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation examples, but the implementation manners of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0072] Such as Figure 3As shown in the figure, an image edge detection device based on an optical waveguide structure includes a laser 1, an electro-optic variable optical attenuator (EVOA) 3, a substrate 7, a straight waveguide I 5, a microring structure 6, a straight waveguide II 4, a detector D, a detector T, and a processor 2; a phase change material 8 (Ge2Se2Te5 is used in the embodiment) is integrated on the microring structure 6. The laser and the electro-optic variable optical attenuator (EVOA) serve as optical inputs, and the substrate, the straight waveguide I, the microring structure integrated with the phase change material, and the straight waveguide II form an optical waveguide operator structure. The detector and the processor constitute the information processing part of the system. The laser emitted by the laser and the electro-optic variable optical attenuator is coupled to the waveguide through an adapter. The laser in the straight waveguide I is coupled into the resonant ring (i.e., the microring structure) according to the crystallization state of the phase change material Ge2Se2Te5 with different coupling strengths. Different coupling strengths result in different contrasts of the light intensities at the output ports of the straight waveguide I and the straight waveguide II. By adjusting the phase change from crystal to amorphous of Ge2Se2Te5, the coupling state switches from under-coupling to critical coupling. The above contrast is adjusted from "-1" to "1". By selecting these two extreme states of the crystalline state and the amorphous state, the optical waveguide is equivalent to a differential operator, and the edge image can be obtained by using the encoded laser input passing through this optical structure and through data processing.

[0073] As Figure 1 shown, an image is composed of numerous pixels. As described above, the image is divided into pixel blocks composed of 2*2 pixels, and adjacent pixel blocks are obtained by shifting one pixel horizontally or vertically. The pixel positions within a pixel block are pixel 101 at the upper left, pixel 102 at the upper right, pixel 103 at the lower left, and pixel 104 at the lower right.

[0074] As Figure 2 shown, according to the traditional electronic image edge detection principle, each pixel block of the image is convolved with a convolution kernel, that is, the corresponding pixel values are multiplied and accumulated. The obtained value is used as a pixel value of the new image, and the newly obtained pixel values are arranged according to the corresponding positions of the convolution blocks to obtain the edge image. And the present invention is precisely based on the above-mentioned mature edge detection principle and realizes the above "convolution" in an optical manner. The present invention converts the pixel value into a light intensity value and finally realizes the "convolution operation" on the pixel value through the regulation of the light intensity.

[0075] As Figure 3As shown in the figure, an image edge detection device based on an optical waveguide is shown, and only one optical waveguide operator structure is shown in the figure. Among them, a pair of straight waveguides, namely straight waveguide II 4 and straight waveguide I 5, are placed on a substrate 7, and a resonant micro-ring 6 is located between the above-mentioned straight waveguide II 4 and straight waveguide I 5. The distances between the micro-ring structure and the outer edges of the two straight waveguides, the dimensions of the straight waveguides and the micro-ring structure match the wavelength of the input laser. For example, in the near-infrared band, the distance between the micro-ring structure and the straight waveguide is between 100 and 200 nanometers, the width of the straight waveguide is between 300 and 700 nanometers, the height is between 100 and 400 nanometers, the diameter of the micro-ring structure is between 10 and 50 micrometers, the ring width is between 300 and 700 nanometers, and the height is between 100 and 400 nanometers. A wide-spectrum laser 1 is coupled into the straight waveguide I 5 through end-face coupling or grating coupling.

[0076] By controlling the pulse intensity, inputs with different pixel values can be encoded. A pair of detectors, namely detector 2T and detector 1D, are placed near the b port of the straight waveguide I 5 and near the c port of the straight waveguide II 4 respectively. The detectors can be used in conjunction with an adapter (USB adapter) to upload data to a processor for processing and generating pictures.

[0077] As Figure 4 shown, the present invention is an image detection system based on a 2*2 size detection operator, and a complete system is formed by integrating four sets of Figure 1 the waveguide operators shown. A pixel block contains four pixel blocks, namely pixel 101, pixel 102, pixel 103 and pixel 104. The states of the phase change materials in the optical waveguide operator structure are adjusted so that the optical waveguide operator structure remains in the corresponding state. The phase change materials in the optical waveguide operator structure S1 and the optical waveguide operator structure S2 are in the crystalline state, which is equivalent to replacing the number "-1", and the phase change materials in the optical waveguide operator structure S3 and the optical waveguide operator structure S4 are in the amorphous state, which is equivalent to replacing "1". During horizontal detection, the laser inputs corresponding to pixels 101, 102, 103, and 104 pass through the optical waveguide operator structures S1, S2, S3, and S4 respectively. During vertical detection, the laser inputs corresponding to pixels 1, 3, 2, and 4 pass through S1, S2, S3, and S4 respectively. Each of the eight output ports has a detector, namely detector D1, detector D2, detector D3, detector D4, detector D5, detector D6, detector D7, and detector D8.

[0078] An image edge detection method based on a waveguide structure is as follows:

[0079] (1) Place the laser, the substrate and the detector on the same horizontal plane, and connect the corresponding interfaces according to Figure 3 the requirements.

[0080] (2) Divide the image into 2×2 pixel blocks, record the pixel values, and control the output intensity of the laser according to the pixel values; I (i，j) =(P (i，j) / 255)*(I max -I min ), where: P (i，j) is the pixel value of the pixel point (i, j), and I (i，j) is the converted laser intensity at this point; I max , I min are respectively the maximum intensity value and the minimum intensity value of the selected laser. Generally, I min = 0, and I max can select the maximum power of the laser, which is generally greater than 50 mW.

[0081] (3) Switch the phase change materials in two of the waveguide structures to the crystalline state by means of thermal excitation or laser pulses, and switch the other two waveguide structures to the amorphous state by means of voltage excitation, thermal excitation or laser pulse pumping, etc.

[0082] (4) Control the input laser of the laser to enter from different waveguide ports, connect the laser outputs of the two data at the upper end of the pixel block to the crystalline optical convolution kernel, that is, the convolution of the image and the operator is achieved. Connect the laser outputs of the two data at the left end of the pixel block to the crystalline optical convolution kernel, that is, the convolution of the image and the operator is achieved; adjust the port once for each picture, and the detection of the vertical and horizontal edges of the image can be realized.

[0083] (5) It is found through simulation that the resonant ring has the same resonant characteristics near 1558 nm and 1585 nm. The vertical edge operator constructed at 1558 nm can be equivalent to Use the corresponding operators in these two wavelength bands to obtain the edge detection picture of the picture.

[0084] Figure 7 is the edge image obtained by performing edge detection using the method of the present invention. It can be seen from this that the method of the present invention can achieve accurate edge detection of the image and can also achieve dual-channel edge detection of the image.

Claims

1. An image edge detection device based on an optical waveguide structure, characterized in that Including: A laser for providing pulsed laser; An optical intensity adjustment element for adjusting the optical intensity of the laser emitted by the laser; Multiple optical waveguide operator structures for regulating the optical intensity of the input pulsed laser; A detector for detecting the regulated optical intensity output by the optical waveguide operator structure; A processor for collecting the optical intensity information collected by the detector, converting the optical intensity information into corresponding pixel information, completing the detection of the image edge, and inputting the optical intensity information; The optical waveguide operator structure includes: A substrate; Straight waveguide I and straight waveguide II arranged in parallel on the substrate; A micro-ring structure arranged on the substrate and located between straight waveguide I and straight waveguide II; An optically tunable material arranged on the micro-ring structure, and dynamically regulating the optical field of the corresponding micro-ring structure by regulating the refractive index of the material; One end of the straight waveguide I is connected to the output end of the optical intensity adjustment element for optical intensity input, and the other port is connected to an input end of the processor through a detector for outputting optical intensity signal I; the micro-ring structure uses the resonant cavity structure to enhance the resonance of the optical field to achieve wavelength selection of the input broadband laser; the straight waveguide II receives the electromagnetic wave transmitted in the micro-ring structure through near-field coupling, and the corresponding one end port is connected to another port of the processor through a detector for outputting the received optical intensity signal II; The number of the optical waveguide operator structures is 4 groups; the number of pixels in the pixel block is 4; When performing horizontal edge detection, the corresponding mathematical forms of the four optical waveguide operator structures are When performing vertical edge detection, the corresponding mathematical forms of the four optical waveguide operator structures are Among them, the state of the optically tunable material of the optical waveguide operator structure corresponding to "-1" is crystalline; the state of the optically tunable material of the optical waveguide operator structure corresponding to "1" is amorphous.

2. The image edge detection device based on the optical waveguide structure according to claim 1, wherein The numbers of the laser, the optical intensity adjustment element and the detector are set in one-to-one correspondence with the number of the optical waveguide operator structures.

3. The image edge detection device based on an optical waveguide structure according to claim 1, wherein, The optically tunable material is one or more of Ge2Se2Te5, Sb2Te3, VO2, graphene, black phosphorus, and rhenium disulfide; when the input laser band is the near-infrared band, the widths of the straight waveguide I and the straight waveguide II are 300-700 nanometers, and the heights are 100-400 nanometers; the diameter of the micro-ring structure is 10-50 microns, the ring width is 300-700 nanometers, and the height is 100-400 nanometers; the distance between the micro-ring structure and the straight waveguide is 100-200 nanometers.

4. An image edge detection method based on an optical waveguide structure, characterized in that, Using the detection device described in any one of claims 1 to 3 for detection, including the following steps: (1) Converting the pixel value information of each pixel point in each pixel block in the image to be detected into optical intensity information; (2) Inputting the optical intensity information corresponding to each pixel block into the corresponding optical waveguide operator structure one by one through the laser and the optical intensity adjustment element; (3) The optical waveguide operator structure regulates the input optical intensity information; (4) Collecting the optical intensity information output by the optical waveguide operator structure, and converting the corresponding optical intensity information into corresponding pixel information to complete the detection of the image edge.

5. The image edge detection method based on an optical waveguide structure according to claim 4, wherein When performing horizontal edge detection, the corresponding mathematical forms of the four optical waveguide operator structures are When performing vertical edge detection, the corresponding mathematical forms of the four optical waveguide operator structures are Among them, Ge2Se2Te5 in the optical waveguide operator structure corresponding to "-1" is crystalline; Ge2Se2Te5 in the optical waveguide operator structure corresponding to "1" is amorphous.

6. The image edge detection method based on an optical waveguide structure according to claim 5, characterized in that Performing horizontal edge detection and vertical edge detection simultaneously. After performing horizontal edge detection / vertical edge detection, adjust the port connection mode of the optical waveguide operator structure once, and then perform vertical edge detection / horizontal edge detection.

7. The method for detecting an image edge based on an optical waveguide structure according to claim 4, wherein Using pulsed lasers with wavelengths of 1555-1565 nanometers and 1580-1590 nanometers for detection respectively, and outputting two-channel edge detection images.

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