Arc additive manufacturing equipment

Abstract

The present invention discloses an arc additive manufacturing device, comprising an arc additive manufacturing welding gun, which is mounted on a horizontally arranged retaining frame with one end of the welding head facing downward. The retaining frame is also equipped with a vibration stirring device, which includes an ultrasonic vibrator with a stirring needle disposed downward at the lower end of the ultrasonic vibrator. The ultrasonic vibrator is characterized in that the ultrasonic vibrator can provide axial vibration for the stirring needle. The present invention has the advantage of being able to better introduce ultrasonic assistance into the arc additive manufacturing process, enhance the effect of ultrasonic action, and thus improve the structure and mechanical properties of arc additive manufacturing materials or parts.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the patent application number 202110521134.8, filed on 2021-05-13 entitled "An Ultrasonic-Assisted Arc Additive Manufacturing Method". Technical Field

[0002] This invention relates to the field of additive manufacturing, and particularly to electric arc additive manufacturing equipment. Background Technology

[0003] In recent years, against the backdrop of resource conservation and efficient manufacturing, additive manufacturing technology based on the "additive" processing mode has shown broad application prospects in the manufacturing of complex-shaped thin-walled parts. As the requirements for the performance, precision, manufacturing cost, and cycle time of dense metal parts in key technology fields such as aerospace, defense, and rail transportation become increasingly stringent, there is an urgent need to conduct relevant research to break through and master the direct forming technology of metal parts. Arc additive manufacturing mainly uses electric arcs such as metal inert gas welding (MIG), tungsten inert gas welding (TIG), and plasma welding (PA) as heat sources, adding wire, and gradually forming metal parts from lines to surfaces to volumes under program control based on a three-dimensional digital model. Its main characteristics are high deposition efficiency and wire utilization, short overall manufacturing cycle (deposition rate can reach 1 kg / h), low cost, and the ability to perform in-situ composite manufacturing and form large-size parts (workpieces up to 1 m³ can be manufactured). However, the deposited layer of arc additive manufacturing is essentially the solidified structure after the welding wire melts. Similar to the structure of arc welding, the structure often exhibits unevenness, and the solidified structure near the fusion line is prone to growing into coarse columnar crystals. In addition, defects such as pores may also occur, resulting in poor performance of the additive manufacturing deposited layer and making it difficult to obtain high-performance additive manufacturing materials or parts.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, two patents, CN106363173A and CN111215843A, respectively disclose an ultrasonic-assisted laser welding additive manufacturing device and its usage method, and an arc additive manufacturing hot rolling manufacturing method and device. While these methods reduce porosity defects and improve weld quality to some extent, they still present the following problems: laser welding equipment has a complex structure, cumbersome process flow and operation steps, and high cost; hot rolling equipment involves multiple rolling processes after welding, which are complex and affect production efficiency.

[0005] In addition, two patents, CN102794542A and CN101239415A, disclose a welding method that uses an external vibration source to vibrate the welding wire during the welding process to reduce welding porosity. The vibrating wire has a certain improvement on the generation of welding porosity, but there are some problems: 1) The melting position of the welding wire is above the molten pool, and the stirring effect on the molten pool is limited; 2) The vibrating welding wire causes the welding arc to vibrate accordingly, which easily leads to poor arc stability of the welding wire, or even arc extinction, thereby affecting the forming quality of the weld. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to provide an ultrasonic-assisted arc additive manufacturing method and an arc additive manufacturing equipment that can better introduce ultrasonic assistance in the arc additive manufacturing process, improve the ultrasonic effect, and improve the microstructure and mechanical properties of arc additive manufacturing materials or parts.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] An ultrasonic-assisted arc additive manufacturing method is characterized in that, during arc additive manufacturing, a stirring needle with reciprocating ultrasonic vibration characteristics is inserted into the molten pool of the additive manufacturing process and moves synchronously with the molten pool to perform ultrasonic vibration and stirring on the solidification process of the molten pool metal, thereby improving its solidification structure and mechanical properties.

[0009] In this method, during arc additive manufacturing, a vibrating stirring pin is directly inserted into the molten pool. This stirring pin introduces ultrasonic vibration into the molten pool, better utilizing the cavitation and vibration effects of ultrasonic vibration. This reduces weld porosity, refines grains, and improves the bonding strength between the weld pool edge and the non-welded area during the crystallization process, thus improving the solidification structure and mechanical properties of the molten pool metal. Compared to other ultrasonic vibration methods, such as loading onto the substrate or through arc loading, the ultrasonic vibration loading method of this invention provides more direct ultrasonic vibration to the molten pool and also has a good mechanical stirring effect, resulting in a better improvement in the solidification structure and mechanical properties of the molten pool metal.

[0010] As an optimization, the stirring needle is made of tungsten or a tungsten alloy.

[0011] This ensures that the stirring pin does not react with the molten metal.

[0012] As an optimization, the vibration direction of the stirring needle is along its own axis.

[0013] In this way, the stirring pin acts on the molten pool, which only causes the liquid metal in the molten pool to reciprocate at a high frequency within a certain area. The stirring pin relies on vibration to produce a stirring-like effect on the molten pool (but it is not stirring in the conventional sense), so as to reduce welding porosity, improve the molecular-level bonding density of welding materials, and thus improve the mechanical properties of the welding area and improve the welding effect.

[0014] As an optimization, the vibration frequency of the stirring pin is 20-100 kHz, and the amplitude is 0.2-1 mm. Vibration within this range can better ensure that the vibration has a positive effect on metal crystallization, avoiding excessive vibration from affecting crystallization and reducing welding quality.

[0015] As an alternative, during welding, the arc additive manufacturing welding torch is arranged perpendicular to the plane of the product where the molten pool is located, and the stirring pin is inserted obliquely downward from the front or rear of the arc additive manufacturing welding torch's travel direction to the lower center of the molten pool to achieve ultrasonic vibration.

[0016] This is because in conventional arc additive manufacturing, the welding torch is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the product plane. Therefore, this method can be implemented by simply adding a stirring pin to introduce ultrasonic vibration on the basis of the conventional arc additive manufacturing process control, without the need to adjust the control program of the arc additive manufacturing welding torch, which is convenient for implementation and application.

[0017] As an alternative, during welding, the arc additive manufacturing welding torch is arranged with its upper end tilted forward along the direction of travel of the arc additive manufacturing welding torch, and the stirring pin is arranged behind the arc additive manufacturing welding torch and inserted vertically downward into the middle of the additive manufacturing molten pool to achieve ultrasonic vibration.

[0018] In this way, the upper end of the arc additive manufacturing welding torch is tilted along the direction of travel, which can better preheat the area to be processed in front of the molten pool. At the same time, it can make room for the stirring pin to be arranged vertically along the center of the molten pool. After the stirring pin is arranged vertically in the center of the molten pool, its ultrasonic vibration can be transmitted to the entire molten pool very evenly, avoiding the impact of uneven transmission of ultrasonic vibration in the molten pool on the metal crystallization fusion effect, and greatly improving the product forming quality.

[0019] Furthermore, this method relies on the following arc additive manufacturing equipment, which includes an arc additive manufacturing welding torch. The arc additive manufacturing welding torch is mounted on a horizontally arranged retainer with one end of the welding head pointing downwards. A vibration stirring device is also mounted on the retainer. The vibration stirring device includes an ultrasonic vibrator, and a stirring needle is arranged downwards at the lower end of the ultrasonic vibrator. The ultrasonic vibrator can provide axial vibration to the stirring needle.

[0020] In this way, the welding torch and the vibration stirring device are mounted on the same cage, which can better ensure that the stirring pin follows the welding torch to achieve synchronous vibration stirring.

[0021] Furthermore, the arc additive manufacturing welding torch is mounted on a welding torch mounting sleeve, which is vertically rotatable on a retainer via a welding torch mounting sleeve rotation adjustment handle.

[0022] Loosening the welding torch mounting sleeve and rotating the adjusting handle allows adjustment of the vertical tilt angle of the sleeve, thus enabling adjustment of the welding torch angle as needed. Once adjusted, tightening the sleeve and rotating the adjusting handle secures the torch. The specific structure of the adjusting handle for adjustment and tightening is a mature existing technology. It can be achieved by placing a bolt on the adjusting handle, passing it through the welding torch mounting sleeve, and engaging with the corresponding screw hole on the holder. The specific structure will not be detailed here.

[0023] Furthermore, the arc additive manufacturing welding torch can be slidably mounted on the welding torch mounting sleeve along the axial direction, and the welding torch mounting sleeve is also screwed through and screwed with a welding torch fastening bolt to fix the arc additive manufacturing welding torch.

[0024] This allows for easy adjustment of the welding torch's tilt and height, ensuring sufficient molten pool depth and proper alignment with the stirring pin.

[0025] Furthermore, the ultrasonic vibrator is vertically mounted on a vibrator mounting sleeve, which is vertically rotatable on a sliding sleeve via a vibration adjustment handle, and the sliding sleeve is horizontally slidable on a retainer.

[0026] This allows for easy adjustment of the stirring pin's tilt angle as needed, enabling it to be arranged perpendicular to the molten pool or at an angle. It also facilitates adjustment of the stirring pin's distance from the welding torch, ensuring its lower end is better positioned in the center of the molten pool. The adjustment mechanism of the vibrator mounting sleeve's vibration adjustment handle is the same as that of the welding torch mounting sleeve's rotation adjustment handle, and will not be detailed here.

[0027] Furthermore, the retainer is a long strip with a uniform width from top to bottom, and the sliding sleeve is horizontally slidably fitted onto the retainer. The sliding sleeve is also screwed through with a bolt for fastening the sliding sleeve to fix it in place.

[0028] This makes it easier to adjust and fix the front and back positions of the stirring needle.

[0029] Furthermore, the ultrasonic vibrator is mounted on the vibrator mounting sleeve via a vibration damping spring.

[0030] In this way, the damping spring acts between the ultrasonic vibrator and the vibrator mounting sleeve, preventing ultrasonic vibration from being transmitted to the cage through the vibrator mounting sleeve and thus causing vibration of the welding torch. This better maintains the stability of the welding torch during operation.

[0031] Furthermore, the ultrasonic vibrator is a pneumatic ultrasonic vibrator.

[0032] This approach offers advantages such as stable performance, ease of control, convenient implementation, and minimal impact of ultrasonic vibration on the cage's reaction force. Furthermore, the pneumatic ultrasonic vibration source has a much higher tolerance for heat and high temperatures, making it more suitable for high-temperature conditions such as arc additive manufacturing.

[0033] Furthermore, the cage is fixedly mounted on the robotic arm of the arc additive manufacturing robot.

[0034] This facilitates automated arc additive manufacturing of products through robot computer control.

[0035] Furthermore, the lower end of the stirring needle has a ring of horizontally convex protrusions.

[0036] Thus, when the stirring pin vibrates up and down along the axial direction, the protrusion can greatly amplify the vibration of the molten pool, improving the ultrasonic vibration effect. In practice, the outward protrusion distance of the protrusion should not be too large, generally controlled within three times the diameter of the stirring pin; the specific size can be obtained through experimental verification.

[0037] Furthermore, the protrusions are a plurality of circumferentially evenly arranged protrusions, and the upper and lower surfaces of each protrusion are respectively set as anti-symmetrical inclined surfaces or helical blade surfaces.

[0038] In this way, as the stirring pin reciprocates along the axial direction, the raised upper and lower surfaces, during their reciprocating motion, create an effect of pushing the molten metal outward in a circumferential direction. This generates both axial and circumferential vibrations in the molten metal. The axial vibration acts more effectively on the bottom of the molten pool, while the circumferential vibration acts more effectively on the molten pool's perimeter. This dual vibration creates a composite high-frequency vibration effect on the molten metal pool, greatly improving the bonding between the molten pool and the surrounding metal. It also refines the metal crystal structure, enhances the impact of vibration on the metal crystal fusion effect, and improves the product's forming quality.

[0039] Therefore, the present invention introduces ultrasonic vibration stirring in arc additive manufacturing. On the one hand, it can break up the columnar crystals during growth, making the grains finer and more uniform. On the other hand, it can promote the overflow of gas in the molten pool and reduce the porosity. The combined effect of the two greatly improves the mechanical properties of materials or parts manufactured by arc additive manufacturing.

[0040] In summary, the present invention has the advantage of being able to better introduce ultrasonic assistance in the arc additive manufacturing process, improve the ultrasonic effect, and thus improve the microstructure and mechanical properties of arc additive manufacturing materials or parts. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the arc additive manufacturing equipment used in the implementation of this invention.

[0042] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the welding torch and stirring needle after their directions have been adjusted.

[0043] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure with a protrusion at the lower end of the individual stirring needle. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.

[0045] In specific implementation: An ultrasonic-assisted arc additive manufacturing method is improved by inserting a stirring needle with reciprocating ultrasonic vibration characteristics into the additive manufacturing molten pool during arc additive manufacturing, and moving synchronously with the molten pool to implement ultrasonic vibration and stirring of the solidification process of the molten pool metal, thereby improving its solidification structure and mechanical properties.

[0046] In this method, during arc additive manufacturing, a vibrating stirring pin is directly inserted into the molten pool. This stirring pin introduces ultrasonic vibration into the molten pool, better utilizing the cavitation and vibration effects of ultrasonic vibration. This reduces weld porosity, refines grains, and improves the bonding strength between the weld pool edge and the non-welded area during the crystallization process, thus improving the solidification structure and mechanical properties of the molten pool metal. Compared to other ultrasonic vibration methods, such as loading onto the substrate or through arc loading, the ultrasonic vibration loading method of this invention provides more direct ultrasonic vibration to the molten pool and also has a good mechanical stirring effect, resulting in a better improvement in the solidification structure and mechanical properties of the molten pool metal.

[0047] In practice, the stirring needle is made of tungsten or a tungsten alloy. Its dimensions can be 1.0-2.0 mm in diameter and 80-150 mm in length.

[0048] This ensures that the stirring pin does not react with the molten metal.

[0049] During implementation, the stirring needle vibrates along its own axial direction.

[0050] In this way, the stirring pin acts on the molten pool, which only causes the liquid metal in the molten pool to reciprocate at a high frequency within a certain area. The stirring pin relies on vibration to produce a stirring-like effect on the molten pool (but it is not stirring in the conventional sense), so as to reduce welding porosity, improve the molecular-level bonding density of welding materials, and thus improve the mechanical properties of the welding area and improve the welding effect.

[0051] During implementation, the vibration frequency of the stirring pin is 20-100 kHz, and the amplitude is 0.2-1 mm. Vibration within this range can better ensure that the vibration has a positive effect on metal crystallization, avoiding excessive vibration from affecting crystallization and reducing welding quality.

[0052] See Figure 1 As an implementation option, during welding, the arc additive manufacturing welding torch 1 is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the product where the molten pool is located, and the stirring pin 2 is inserted obliquely downward from the front or rear of the arc additive manufacturing welding torch travel direction to the lower center of the molten pool to achieve ultrasonic vibration.

[0053] This is because in conventional arc additive manufacturing, the welding torch is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the product plane. Therefore, this method can be implemented by simply adding a stirring pin to introduce ultrasonic vibration on the basis of the conventional arc additive manufacturing process control, without the need to adjust the control program of the arc additive manufacturing welding torch, which is convenient for implementation and application.

[0054] See Figure 2 As another implementation option, during welding, the arc additive manufacturing welding torch 1 is arranged with its upper end tilted forward along the direction of travel of the arc additive manufacturing welding torch, and the stirring pin 2 is arranged behind the arc additive manufacturing welding torch and inserted vertically downward into the middle of the additive manufacturing molten pool to achieve ultrasonic vibration.

[0055] In this way, the upper end of the arc additive manufacturing welding torch is tilted along the direction of travel, which can better preheat the area to be processed in front of the molten pool. At the same time, it can make room for the stirring pin to be arranged vertically along the center of the molten pool. After the stirring pin is arranged vertically in the center of the molten pool, its ultrasonic vibration can be transmitted to the entire molten pool very evenly, avoiding the impact of uneven transmission of ultrasonic vibration in the molten pool on the metal crystallization fusion effect, and greatly improving the product forming quality.

[0056] Specifically, when this method is implemented, it relies on Figure 1-3 The arc additive manufacturing equipment shown includes an arc additive manufacturing welding torch 1, which is mounted on a horizontally arranged retainer 4 with one end of the welding head pointing downwards. A vibration stirring device is also installed on the retainer 4, which includes an ultrasonic vibrator 3. A stirring needle 2 is arranged downwards at the lower end of the ultrasonic vibrator 3, and the ultrasonic vibrator 3 can provide axial vibration to the stirring needle 2.

[0057] In this way, the welding torch and the vibration stirring device are mounted on the same cage, which can better ensure that the stirring pin follows the welding torch to achieve synchronous vibration stirring.

[0058] The arc additive manufacturing welding torch is mounted on a welding torch mounting sleeve 5, which is vertically rotatable on a retainer 4 via a welding torch mounting sleeve rotation adjustment handle 6.

[0059] Loosening the welding torch mounting sleeve and rotating the adjusting handle allows adjustment of the vertical tilt angle of the sleeve, thus enabling adjustment of the welding torch angle as needed. Once adjusted, tightening the sleeve and rotating the adjusting handle secures the torch. The specific structure of the adjusting handle for adjustment and tightening is a mature existing technology. It can be achieved by placing a bolt on the adjusting handle, passing it through the welding torch mounting sleeve, and engaging with the corresponding screw hole on the holder. The specific structure will not be detailed here.

[0060] The arc additive manufacturing welding torch can be slidably mounted on the welding torch mounting sleeve 5 along the axial direction. The welding torch mounting sleeve is also screwed through and screwed with a welding torch fastening bolt 10 to fix the arc additive manufacturing welding torch.

[0061] This allows for easy adjustment of the welding torch's tilt and height, ensuring sufficient molten pool depth and proper alignment with the stirring pin.

[0062] The ultrasonic vibrator 3 is vertically mounted on a vibrator mounting sleeve 7. The vibrator mounting sleeve 7 is vertically rotatable on a sliding sleeve 8 via a vibrator mounting sleeve vibration adjustment handle 9. The sliding sleeve is horizontally slidable on a retainer.

[0063] This allows for easy adjustment of the stirring pin's tilt angle as needed, enabling it to be arranged perpendicular to the molten pool or at an angle. It also facilitates adjustment of the stirring pin's distance from the welding torch, ensuring its lower end is better positioned in the center of the molten pool. The adjustment mechanism of the vibrator mounting sleeve's vibration adjustment handle is the same as that of the welding torch mounting sleeve's rotation adjustment handle, and will not be detailed here.

[0064] The retainer 4 is a long strip with the same width at the top and bottom. The sliding sleeve 8 is horizontally slidably fitted onto the retainer. The sliding sleeve is also screwed through with a sliding sleeve fastening bolt 11 to fix the sliding sleeve 8.

[0065] This makes it easier to adjust and fix the front and back positions of the stirring needle.

[0066] The ultrasonic vibrator 3 is mounted on the vibrator mounting sleeve via a damping spring.

[0067] In this way, the damping spring acts between the ultrasonic vibrator and the vibrator mounting sleeve, preventing ultrasonic vibration from being transmitted to the cage through the vibrator mounting sleeve and thus causing vibration of the welding torch. This better maintains the stability of the welding torch during operation.

[0068] Among them, ultrasonic vibrator 3 is a pneumatic ultrasonic vibrator.

[0069] This approach offers advantages such as stable performance, ease of control, convenient implementation, and minimal impact of ultrasonic vibration on the cage's reaction force. Furthermore, the pneumatic ultrasonic vibration source has a much higher tolerance for heat and high temperatures, making it more suitable for high-temperature conditions such as arc additive manufacturing.

[0070] Among them, the retainer 4 is fixedly installed on the robotic arm of the arc additive manufacturing robot (the arc additive manufacturing robot is a mature existing product, which can be programmed by computer to control the walking path of the welding torch to realize additive welding manufacturing, so it is not shown in the figure).

[0071] This facilitates automated arc additive manufacturing of products through robot computer control.

[0072] The stirring needle 2 has a horizontally convex protrusion 12 at its lower end.

[0073] Thus, when the stirring pin vibrates up and down along the axial direction, the protrusion can greatly amplify the vibration of the molten pool, improving the ultrasonic vibration effect. In practice, the outward protrusion distance of the protrusion should not be too large, generally controlled within three times the diameter of the stirring pin; the specific size can be obtained through experimental verification.

[0074] The protrusions are a plurality of circumferentially uniformly arranged protrusions, and the upper and lower surfaces of each protrusion are respectively set as oppositely symmetrical inclined surfaces or helical blade surfaces.

[0075] In this way, as the stirring pin reciprocates along the axial direction, the raised upper and lower surfaces, during their reciprocating motion, create an effect of pushing the molten metal outward in a circumferential direction. This generates both axial and circumferential vibrations in the molten metal. The axial vibration acts more effectively on the bottom of the molten pool, while the circumferential vibration acts more effectively on the molten pool's perimeter. This dual vibration creates a composite high-frequency vibration effect on the molten metal pool, greatly improving the bonding between the molten pool and the surrounding metal. It also refines the metal crystal structure, enhances the impact of vibration on the metal crystal fusion effect, and improves the product's forming quality.

[0076] Based on the above-described specific implementation methods, the applicant further conducted the following comparative experiments. The following materials and parameters were used in the experiments: the substrates for arc additive manufacturing were all aluminum alloys with geometric dimensions of 100×50×10mm. A MIG welding machine was used, with the following process parameters: welding current 80A, voltage 19.8V, welding wire diameter 1.6mm, wire feed speed 120cm / min, welding speed 200mm / min, and shielding gas 99.99% argon with a gas flow rate of 15L / min. Four layers were deposited using arc additive manufacturing, with a two-minute interval between each pass. Three samples were welded for each embodiment, and tests were conducted on three positions (front, middle, and rear) of each sample. The average value was taken after performance testing.

[0077] Example for comparison:

[0078] Arc additive manufacturing is carried out directly using MIG welding machines and ER5356 aluminum alloy welding wire, without ultrasonic assistance.

[0079] Experimental results: The average tensile strength of the deposited layer manufactured by electric arc additive manufacturing is 248.7 MPa.

[0080] Experimental Example 1:

[0081] Arc additive manufacturing was performed using a MIG welding machine and ER5356 welding wire, and this method was also employed. Figure 1 As shown, ultrasonic vibration and stirring are applied to the solidification process of the molten pool metal in arc additive manufacturing. The reciprocating ultrasonic vibration direction is the axial direction of the tungsten needle, which has a diameter of 1.5 mm and a length of 100 mm. The vibration frequency is 20 kHz and the amplitude is 0.8 mm.

[0082] Experimental results: The average tensile strength of the arc additive manufacturing deposit was 259.2 MPa. Compared with the control, the additive manufacturing deposit had finer grains and no columnar crystals or pores. Example 2:

[0083] Arc additive manufacturing was performed using a MIG welding machine and ER5356 aluminum alloy welding wire, and this method was also employed. Figure 2 As shown, ultrasonic vibration and stirring are applied to the solidification process of the molten pool metal in arc additive manufacturing. The reciprocating ultrasonic vibration direction is the axial direction of the tungsten needle, which has a diameter of 1.2 mm and a length of 90 mm. The vibration frequency is 25 kHz and the amplitude is 0.6 mm.

[0084] Experimental results: The average tensile strength of the arc additive manufacturing deposit was 264.5 MPa. Compared with the control, the additive manufacturing deposit had finer grains and no columnar crystals or pores. Example 3:

[0085] Arc additive manufacturing was performed using a MIG welding machine and ER5356 aluminum alloy welding wire, and this method was also employed. Figure 2 As shown, ultrasonic vibration and stirring are applied to the solidification process of the molten pool metal in arc additive manufacturing. The reciprocating ultrasonic vibration direction is the axial direction of the tungsten needle, which has a diameter of 1.0 mm and a length of 80 mm. The vibration frequency is 28 kHz and the amplitude is 0.5 mm.

[0086] Experimental results: The average tensile strength of the arc additive manufacturing deposit was 261.7 MPa. Compared with the control, the additive manufacturing deposit had finer grains and no columnar crystals or pores.

[0087] In summary, the results of the embodiments show that the electric arc additive manufacturing deposit layer obtained by adopting the technical solution of the present invention has better microstructure and mechanical properties.

Claims

1. An arc additive manufacturing apparatus, comprising an arc additive manufacturing welding torch, the welding torch being mounted on a horizontally integrated retainer with one welding head pointing downwards, and a vibration stirring device mounted on the retainer, the vibration stirring device comprising an ultrasonic vibrator, the lower end of the ultrasonic vibrator having a stirring needle pointing downwards, characterized in that... An ultrasonic vibrator can provide axial vibration to the stirring needle; The ultrasonic vibrator is vertically mounted on a vibrator mounting sleeve. The vibrator mounting sleeve is vertically rotatable on a sliding sleeve via a vibrator mounting sleeve vibration adjustment handle. The sliding sleeve is horizontally slidable on a retainer. The cage is a long strip with the same width at the top and bottom. The sliding sleeve can be horizontally slidably fitted onto the cage. The sliding sleeve is also screwed through with a sliding sleeve fastening bolt to fix the sliding sleeve. The lower end of the stirring needle has a ring of horizontally convex protrusions; The protrusions are a plurality of circumferentially evenly arranged protrusions, and the upper and lower surfaces of each protrusion are respectively set as oppositely symmetrical inclined surfaces or helical blade surfaces.

2. The arc additive manufacturing equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The arc additive manufacturing welding torch is mounted on a welding torch mounting sleeve, which is vertically rotatable on a cage via a welding torch mounting sleeve adjustment handle.

3. The arc additive manufacturing equipment as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The arc additive manufacturing welding torch can be slidably mounted on the welding torch mounting sleeve along the axial direction. The welding torch mounting sleeve is also screwed through and fixed with welding torch fastening bolts to fix the arc additive manufacturing welding torch.

4. The arc additive manufacturing equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The stirring needle vibrates at a frequency of 20-100kHz and an amplitude of 0.2-1mm.

5. The arc additive manufacturing equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ultrasonic vibrator is mounted on the vibrator mounting sleeve via a vibration damping spring.

6. The arc additive manufacturing equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ultrasonic vibrator is a pneumatic ultrasonic vibrator; The cage is fixedly mounted on the robotic arm of the arc additive manufacturing robot.

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