Method and device for solid fermentation 3D stacking of powdered and granular fertilizers

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and device for 3D stacking of solid fermentation of powdered and granular fertilizers, comprising the following steps: S1. According to the pile height and width limit of the fermentation raw materials and the amount of fermentation raw materials to be stacked this time, the length of the pile that can be stacked, the number of stacked layers and the amount of fermentation raw materials released each time in each layer are calculated; S2. A section of the fermentation site is selected and divided into a working area, and the fermentation raw materials are stacked in the working area; S3. In the process of stacking the fermentation raw materials, they are stacked layer by layer from bottom to top; S4. When stacking the pile, the drop opening for spreading the fermentation raw materials is controlled to move in the vertical direction close to the stacked layer and translate in the horizontal direction, so that the distance between the drop opening and the top of the stacked layer is kept within the drop distance range. It has the effect of saving manpower, not being easy to compact the fermentation raw materials at the bottom of the pile, making the fermentation raw materials in the pile similar in looseness, and promoting the fermentation raw materials in the pile to be fully and evenly fermented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of fertilizer composting, and in particular to a method and a device for solid fermentation 3D stacking of powdered and granular fertilizers. Background Art

[0002] The powdered and granular fertilizers of the present application include: biological fertilizers, biological microbial agents, biological organic fertilizers, biological mineral fertilizers and organic fertilizers. In the production process of powdered and granular fertilizers, stacking and fermentation are required. During the stacking and fermentation process, appropriate temperature and humidity need to be maintained to facilitate the growth of microorganisms.

[0003] At present, there are two ways to stack the fermented raw materials of powdered and granular fertilizers: one is manual operation, using shovels and wheelbarrows to stack the fermented raw materials into the required shape. This method relies on manpower stacking, has high labor intensity and low production efficiency.

[0004] The second method is to use mechanical means such as loaders for stacking. First, the fermentation raw materials are transported to the fermentation tank by vehicles or conveyor belts, and then stacked and formed by loaders for the second time, which reduces the intensity of manual labor. However, the speed at which the loader dumps the fermentation raw materials into the fermentation tank is unstable, which may spill the fermentation raw materials to form irregular piles. Moreover, the fermentation raw materials at the bottom of the pile are often compacted by the subsequent fermentation raw materials that fall from a high altitude, resulting in a large difference in the looseness of the pile, which is not conducive to controlling the temperature and humidity in various parts of the pile, making it difficult for some fermentation raw materials in the pile to be fully fermented. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problem that fermentation raw materials may be scattered during the stacking process to form irregular piles, and the looseness of the piles varies greatly, which is not conducive to the full fermentation of the fermentation raw materials in the piles, the present invention provides a method and device for 3D stacking of powdered and granular fertilizer solid fermentation, which can sprinkle the fermentation raw materials at a stable speed to form regular piles, and at the same time ensure that the looseness of the piles of the fermentation raw materials is similar, which is conducive to controlling the temperature and humidity of various parts of the pile to be consistent, and promoting the full and uniform fermentation of the fermentation raw materials.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A method for solid fermentation 3D stacking of powdered and granular fertilizers, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. According to the height and width limit of the fermentation raw material pile and the amount of fermentation raw materials to be piled up this time, calculate the length of the pile that can be piled up, the number of stacked layers and the amount of fermentation raw materials released each time per layer;

[0009] S2. Select an area corresponding to the above length in the fermentation site and divide it into a working area, and then stack the fermentation raw materials in the working area;

[0010] S3. In the process of stacking the fermentation raw materials in the working area, the fermentation raw materials are stacked layer by layer from bottom to top;

[0011] S4. When stacking any layer of the material pile, control the drop opening for spreading the fermentation raw materials to move vertically close to the stacked layer and translate horizontally, and keep the vertical distance between the drop opening and the top of the stacked layer within the set drop distance range.

[0012] Preferably, when stacking any layer of the material pile, the material drop opening is intermittently moved along the length direction of the fermentation site, and during each pause, the material drop opening is controlled to move unidirectionally / reciprocatingly along the width direction of the fermentation site and spread the fermentation raw materials.

[0013] Preferably, when stacking any layer of the material pile, the projection of the moving trajectory of the blanking port on the bottom surface of the working area constitutes a blanking area. When any layer of the material pile is stacked, the moving trajectory of the blanking port is adjusted to reduce the size of the blanking area.

[0014] Preferably, when a certain layer of the material pile is stacked, before stacking the next layer of the material pile, the material drop opening is controlled to move upward once so that the distance between the material drop opening and the top of the stacked material layer remains unchanged or decreases.

[0015] Preferably, when taking out the fermented intermediate product, each pile of materials is taken out in sequence according to the order in which the piles of materials are stacked.

[0016] Preferably, the drop distance range is set to 100 mm to 500 mm.

[0017] A device suitable for the above-mentioned powdered and granular fertilizer solid fermentation 3D stacking method includes at least one production line, and the production line includes:

[0018] A portal-type longitudinally movable support capable of sliding in a horizontal longitudinal direction, the longitudinally movable support comprising a crossbeam, an end beam and a support leg;

[0019] A conveyor belt assembly having a conveyor belt for conveying fermentation raw materials, which is arranged on the crossbeam, and the conveyor belt of the conveyor belt assembly is arranged horizontally;

[0020] The unloading vehicle comprises a frame which is slidably matched with the crossbeam in a horizontal direction, the frame is provided with a first redirecting roller and a second redirecting roller which are arranged in parallel in a longitudinal direction, the first redirecting roller is located higher than the second redirecting roller and has a spacing in the transverse direction, and the conveyor belt is folded back and passes around the two redirecting rollers in sequence;

[0021] A material dropping structure is connected to the vehicle frame, the material dropping structure comprises a hopper and a material dropping barrel arranged in a vertical direction, the top opening of the hopper is located below the first redirecting roller, the bottom end of the hopper is inclined downwardly extended to one side of the conveyor belt to avoid the conveyor belt and the second redirecting roller, the bottom end opening of the hopper is communicated with the top end opening of the material dropping barrel, the bottom end opening of the material dropping barrel is used as a material dropping port, and the material dropping barrel has a telescopic structure that telescopes in a vertical direction;

[0022] The control device is used to control the movement of the gantry longitudinal moving support, the unloading vehicle and the conveyor belt assembly, and to control the telescopic structure of the blanking barrel to extend and retract in the vertical direction according to the distance between the blanking port and the top of the stacked material layer.

[0023] Preferably, the material dropping structure also includes a winch and a distance sensor for monitoring the distance between the material dropping port and the top of the stacked material layer. A section of the traction rope of the winch extends downward in the vertical direction and is connected to the bottom end of the material dropping barrel. The distance sensor is also connected to the bottom end of the material dropping barrel.

[0024] Preferably, the powdered and granular fertilizer solid fermentation 3D stacking device also includes a slide rail installed along the length direction of the fermentation site, the legs of the gantry-type longitudinal motion bracket are provided with pulleys and a motor for driving the pulley to rotate, and the legs of the gantry-type longitudinal motion bracket are slidably mounted on the slide rail through the pulley.

[0025] Preferably, the unloading vehicle divides the conveyor belt of the conveyor belt assembly into a loaded section and an unloaded section. When the unloading vehicle slides toward the unloaded section, the sliding speed of the unloading vehicle is lower than the moving speed of the conveyor belt of the conveyor belt assembly.

[0026] Beneficial technical effects of the technical solution of the present invention:

[0027] (1) When stacking fermentation raw materials in the working area, the discharge port is used to spread and stack the fermentation raw materials layer by layer from bottom to top on each layer of the pile, which saves manpower. Moreover, the method of stacking the fermentation raw materials layer by layer can evenly spread the fermentation raw materials on the piled material layer, reduce the impact force of the fermentation raw materials on the piled material layer when they fall, and it is not easy to compact the fermentation raw materials at the bottom of the pile. In addition, the falling height of the fermentation raw materials scattered from the discharge port is controllable and adjustable. If the distance between the discharge port and the top of the piled material layer is controlled within the set discharge distance range, the fermentation raw materials will not easily scatter when they fall, but will fall directly below the discharge port, which helps to stack the pile neatly and evenly without further sorting, and makes the looseness of the pile similar, so that the temperature and humidity of each part of the pile can be easily controlled to be consistent during the fermentation process, and promote the fermentation raw materials in the pile to be fully and evenly fermented.

[0028] (2) The material discharge port moves intermittently along the length direction of the fermentation site, and moves along the width direction of the fermentation site and spreads the fermentation raw materials during each pause. In the process of the material discharge port moving from one end to the other end along the length direction of the fermentation site, one layer of the material pile can be laid, and there is no need for the material discharge port to move back and forth along the length direction of the fermentation site, which is convenient for control and saves energy.

[0029] (3) The projection of the moving trajectory of the drop-out port on the bottom surface of the working area constitutes the drop-out area. When a certain layer of the material pile is stacked, the moving trajectory of the drop-out port is adjusted to reduce the size of the drop-out area and reduce the amount of fermentation raw materials spilling on the slope of the material pile, which helps to keep the slope of the material pile neat. It reduces the amount of fermentation raw materials that slide down the slope of the material pile, which is particularly suitable for strip-type composting fermentation. It is no longer necessary to configure a fermentation site, which is convenient for application in large-scale composting workshops.

[0030] (IV) When any layer of the material pile is stacked, the feeding port is controlled to move upward once, and the distance between the feeding port and the top of the stacked material layer is controlled to remain unchanged. This can ensure that the fermentation raw materials spread by the feeding port have a similar degree of dispersion when they reach the top of the stacked material layer during the process of spreading the fermentation raw materials, which helps to stack the fermentation raw materials neatly. If the distance between the feeding port and the top of the stacked material layer is controlled to be smaller, the fermentation raw materials will be more concentrated when they fall to the stacked material layer, which is convenient for stacking the upper layer of the material pile more neatly. Moreover, as the number of layers of the material pile increases, the speed at which the fermentation raw materials spread by the feeding port reach the stacked material layer becomes slower, which can reduce the impact force of the fermentation raw materials on the material pile when they fall, making it difficult for the fermentation raw materials at the bottom of the material pile to be compacted, which helps to keep the looseness of the fermentation raw materials in the material pile consistent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 A flow chart showing a method for solid fermentation 3D stacking of powdered and granular fertilizers according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0032] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the structure of the 3D stacking device for solid fermentation of powdered and granular fertilizers in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0033] Figure 3 Shows Figure 2 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0034] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the connection between the hopper and the unloading vehicle in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0035] Markings in the accompanying drawings:

[0036] 1-slide rail; 2-gantry longitudinal moving bracket; 21-crossbeam; 22-leg; 3-conveyor belt assembly; 4-unloading car; 41-first redirecting roller; 42-second redirecting roller; 43-hopper; 44-dropping barrel; 441-telescopic structure; 45-distance sensor; 5-pile of materials. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following is a method and device for solid fermentation 3D stacking of powdered and granular fertilizers proposed by the present invention in combination with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. According to the following description, the advantages and features of the present invention will be clearer. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings adopt a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, which are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention. In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, please refer to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the structure, proportion, size, etc. illustrated by the accompanying drawings of this specification are only used to match the content disclosed in the specification, so that people familiar with this technology can understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions for the implementation of the present invention, so they have no technical substantive significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effect that the present invention can produce and the purpose that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present invention.

[0038] In order to more clearly describe the method and device for 3D stacking of solid fermentation of powdered and granular fertilizers, the present invention defines the terms "loaded section" and "empty section". Specifically, the "loaded section" refers to a section of the conveyor belt on the top surface of the conveyor belt assembly that carries fermentation raw materials; the "empty section" refers to a section of the conveyor belt on the top surface of the conveyor belt assembly that does not carry fermentation raw materials.

[0039] Example

[0040] The following will be combined with the attached Figures 1 to 4 The technical scheme of the method and device for solid fermentation 3D stacking of powdered and granular fertilizers of the present invention is described in detail with specific embodiments.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for solid fermentation 3D stacking of powdered and granular fertilizers in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0042] S1. According to the height and width limit of the fermentation raw material pile 5 and the amount of fermentation raw materials to be piled up this time, calculate the length of the pile 5 that can be piled up, the number of stacked layers and the amount of fermentation raw materials released each time per layer;

[0043] S2. Select an area corresponding to the above length in the fermentation site and divide it into a working area, and then stack the fermentation raw materials in the working area;

[0044] S3. In the process of stacking fermentation raw materials in the working area, the fermentation raw materials are stacked layer by layer from bottom to top;

[0045] S4. When stacking any layer of the material pile 5, the drop opening for spreading the fermentation raw materials is controlled to move in the vertical direction close to the stacked layer and translate in the horizontal direction. During the translation process, the vertical distance between the drop opening and the top of the stacked layer is maintained within the set drop distance range.

[0046] Specifically, since the amount of fermentation raw materials that need to be processed every day is different when stacking the fermentation raw materials, the amount of fermentation raw materials that need to be stacked every day can be known first, and then these fermentation raw materials are stacked into a material pile section with a width and height that meet the requirements in the designated work area on the same day. The next day, the fermentation raw materials that need to be stacked the next day are stacked into another material pile section in an adjacent work area, and a section of material pile 5 is directly stacked every day. After the stacking of this section of material pile 5 is completed, the composting fermentation process can be entered. If the fermentation raw materials that need to be stacked are directly spread out in the entire fermentation site every day, the fermentation raw materials that have been stacked are not enough to form a material pile 5, which is not conducive to the fermentation of the fermentation raw materials and affects the fermentation progress.

[0047] It should be noted that the "amount of fermentation raw materials that need to be stacked this time" in the above description refers to the amount of fermentation raw materials that need to be stacked every day in this embodiment. However, it should be understood that this description can also be set to other time periods, such as the amount of fermentation raw materials that need to be stacked within two days or a week. The specific period can be determined according to the work plan of the fermentation workshop and the processing requirements of the fermentation raw materials. In addition, the stacked layer in this embodiment refers to a layer of fermentation raw materials that has just been stacked.

[0048] When stacking fermentation raw materials in the working area, the fermentation raw materials are stacked layer by layer from bottom to top of each layer of the pile 5 using the drop port, which saves manpower, and the method of stacking the fermentation raw materials layer by layer can evenly spread the fermentation raw materials on the piled material layer, reduce the impact force of the fermentation raw materials on the piled material layer when they fall, and it is not easy to compact the fermentation raw materials at the bottom of the pile 5. In addition, the falling height of the fermentation raw materials spread out from the drop port is controllable and adjustable, and the distance between the drop port and the top of the piled material layer is controlled within the set drop distance range. Then, the fermentation raw materials are not easy to disperse when they fall, but fall directly below the drop port, which helps to stack the pile 5 neatly and evenly, and makes the looseness of the pile 5 similar, which is convenient for the ventilation of the pile 5 and the humidification of the pile 5.

[0049] Furthermore, when stacking any layer of the material pile 5, the feeding port is moved intermittently along the length direction of the fermentation site, and during each pause, the feeding port is controlled to move along the width direction of the fermentation site and spread the fermentation raw materials. When the feeding port moves along the width direction of the fermentation site, it can be moved back and forth or unidirectionally, and it is only necessary to complete the material distribution work along the width direction of the fermentation site. In this embodiment, during the process of the feeding port moving from one end to the other end along the length direction of the fermentation site, one layer of the material pile 5 can be laid, and there is no need for the feeding port to move back and forth along the length direction of the fermentation site, which is convenient for control and saves energy. After one layer of the material pile 5 is stacked, the feeding port is controlled to move intermittently in the opposite direction along the length direction of the fermentation site to stack another layer of the material pile 5.

[0050] Furthermore, when stacking any layer of the material pile 5, the projection of the moving track of the drop-out port on the bottom surface of the working area constitutes a drop-out area. When any layer of the material pile 5 is stacked, before continuing to stack the next layer of the material pile 5, the moving track of the drop-out port is adjusted to reduce the size of the drop-out area. For example, when stacking the bottom layer of the material pile 5, the fermentation raw materials scattered by the drop-out port cover the bottom of the working area. At this time, the projection of the moving track of the drop-out port is a rectangle with a size close to the size of the working area. However, after the bottom layer of the material pile 5 is stacked, four inclined surfaces will be formed around the material pile 5 due to the sliding of the fermentation raw material particles. When stacking the next layer of the material pile 5, the size of the drop-out area, i.e., the length and width, should be reduced. Otherwise, when the drop-out port is located at the edge of the drop-out area, the scattered fermentation raw materials will directly fall on the inclined surface of the material pile 5, which will cause the fermentation raw materials to continuously slide beyond the edge of the material pile 5. As the height of the pile 5 increases, the size of the drop zone is reduced. When the drop port is located at the edge of the drop zone, the spilled fermentation raw materials are closer to the center of the pile 5, which can reduce the amount of fermentation raw materials spilled on the slope of the pile 5, which helps to keep the slope of the pile 5 neat; and reduce the amount of fermentation raw materials sliding down the slope of the pile 5. This method is particularly suitable for windrow composting fermentation, and it is no longer necessary to configure a fermentation site for tank fermentation. Moreover, windrow composting fermentation is easy to stack and take out, and is suitable for application in large-scale composting workshops, which can shorten the construction period of composting workshops and reduce application costs.

[0051] Furthermore, when a certain layer of the material pile 5 is stacked, before continuing to stack the next layer of the material pile 5, the material drop opening is controlled to move upward once so that the distance between the material drop opening and the top of the material piled layer remains unchanged. By controlling the distance between the material drop opening and the top of the material piled layer to remain unchanged, the fermentation raw materials scattered by the material drop opening can be dispersed to a similar degree when they reach the material piled layer, so that the scattered fermentation raw materials can fall evenly on the material piled layer, and the looseness of the material pile 5 can be similar.

[0052] In addition, as the number of layers of the material pile 5 increases, the fermentation raw materials spread subsequently are more likely to slide or push down the fermentation raw materials at the edge of the already piled layer. Before continuing to stack the next layer of the material pile 5, the distance between the drop opening and the top of the already piled layer can be controlled to shorten, that is, as the number of layers of the material pile 5 increases, the distance between the drop opening and the already piled layer continues to decrease, so that the fermentation raw materials are more concentrated when they fall to the already piled layer, which facilitates stacking the upper layer of the material pile 5 more neatly. Moreover, since the height of the fermentation raw materials decreases during the falling process, the speed and impact force of the fermentation raw materials spread from the drop opening when they reach the already piled layer also gradually decrease, and it is not easy to push down the fermentation raw materials at the edge of the already piled layer. It is also possible to alleviate the impact force on the fermentation raw materials at the bottom of the material pile 5 during the stacking process of the material pile 5, so that the fermentation raw materials at the bottom of the material pile 5 are not easily compacted, which helps to keep the looseness of the fermentation raw materials in the material pile 5 consistent.

[0053] Furthermore, when taking out the fermented intermediate products, the intermediate products of each material pile 5 are taken out in turn according to the order in which the material piles 5 are stacked, and the taken out intermediate products are transported to the next process for subsequent processing.

[0054] Furthermore, the drop distance range is set to 100mm~500mm, which is sufficient to meet the loose requirements of the pile 5 and ensure that the spilled organic fertilizer will not slide too far along the inclined surface of the pile 5. In order to improve the looseness of the pile and the consistency of the looseness, the drop distance range can be set to 200mm~300mm, which is more effective.

[0055] A device suitable for the above-mentioned powdered and granular fertilizer solid fermentation 3D stacking method includes at least one production line, each production line includes:

[0056] Along the length of the fermentation site (i.e. longitudinal or Figure 2 Two slide rails 1 are installed (in the X direction in the fermentation area), and the two slide rails 1 are located on both sides of the fermentation area. A door-type longitudinal moving bracket 2 is slidably mounted on the slide rail 1, and the door-type longitudinal moving bracket 2 includes a crossbeam 21 and legs 22 connected to both sides of the crossbeam 21. The bottom ends of the legs 22 are rotatably connected to pulleys. The two legs 22 are respectively slidably matched with the two slide rails 1 through the pulleys. A servo motor for driving the pulley to rotate is also installed on the side of the leg 22;

[0057] A conveyor belt assembly 3 having a conveyor belt for conveying fermentation raw materials, wherein the conveyor belt assembly 3 has a horizontal transverse direction (parallel to the width direction of the fermentation site or adjacent to the conveyor belt assembly 3). Figure 2The conveyor belt for conveying fermentation raw materials (in the Y direction in the figure) is defined as the top conveyor belt. The conveyor belt assembly 3 is horizontally arranged on the top surface of the crossbeam 21, and the length direction of the conveyor belt assembly 3 is perpendicular to the length direction of the slide rail 1. In addition, a servo motor for driving the conveyor belt assembly 3 to rotate is also installed on the crossbeam 21. The fermentation raw materials are conveyed to the conveyor belt assembly 3 by the feeding device. As the conveyor belt assembly 3 rotates, the fermentation raw materials are conveyed to the position where they need to be stacked;

[0058] The unloading cart 4 is slidably mounted on the top surface of the cross beam 21. Two guide rails are installed on the top surface of the cross beam 21. The length direction of the guide rails is parallel to the length direction of the conveyor belt assembly 3. The unloading cart 4 includes a frame. The frame is rotatably connected to four wheels and is slidably mounted on the guide rails through the above four wheels. A servo motor for driving the wheels to rotate is also installed on the side of the unloading cart 4. A first redirecting roller 41 and a second redirecting roller 42 are rotatably mounted on the frame of the unloading cart 4, wherein the installation position of the first redirecting roller 41 is higher than the second redirecting roller 42, and there is a lateral spacing between the first redirecting roller 41 and the second redirecting roller 42. The axes of the first redirecting roller 41 and the second redirecting roller 42 are both arranged in the longitudinal direction. When the conveyor belt assembly 3 is running, the top conveyor belt of the conveyor belt assembly 3 first passes over the first redirecting roller 41, then bypasses the first redirecting roller 41, then turns back and bypasses the second redirecting roller 42, and finally moves to the unloaded section of the conveyor belt assembly 3;

[0059] The material-dropping structure includes a hopper 43 and a drop barrel 44 fixedly connected to the frame of the unloading vehicle 4. The top opening of the hopper 43 is located directly below the first redirecting roller 41, and the top opening of the hopper 43 is open to collect the fermentation raw materials dropped by the top conveyor belt of the conveyor belt assembly 3 at the first redirecting roller 41. The bottom end of the hopper 43 extends obliquely downward to one side of the conveyor belt assembly 3 to avoid the conveyor belt assembly 3 and the second redirecting roller. The fermentation raw materials slide into the drop barrel 44 through the hopper 43, and then are spread in the working area along the drop barrel 44. In this embodiment, the bottom opening of the drop barrel 44 is used as the drop port, and the drop barrel 44 has a telescopic structure 441 that telescopes in the vertical direction, thereby controlling the drop port to move in the vertical direction (i.e., the Z direction).

[0060] The control device (not shown in the figure) is used to control the movement of the gantry longitudinal moving support 2, the unloading vehicle 4 and the conveyor belt assembly 3, and to control the extension and retraction of the blanking barrel 44 in the vertical direction according to the distance between the blanking port and the top of the stacked material layer.

[0061] In this embodiment, the top conveyor belt of the conveyor belt assembly 3 refers to the conveyor belt located at the top of the conveyor belt assembly 3 and used for receiving and conveying materials.

[0062] The top conveyor belt of the conveyor belt assembly 3 receives the fermentation raw materials and conveys the fermentation raw materials through the first redirecting roller 41 of the unloading vehicle 4. Then, the top conveyor belt bypasses the first redirecting roller 41 and turns back along the inclined downward direction to move toward the second redirecting roller 42. The fermentation raw materials that reach the first redirecting roller 41 lose the support of the top conveyor belt and directly fall into the hopper 43. It should be noted that in this solution, the fermentation raw materials received by the conveyor belt assembly 3 need to be provided with a feeding device, and the output port of the feeding device can move with the movement of the door-type longitudinal moving bracket 2.

[0063] Specifically, the material-dropping structure further includes a winch (not shown in the figure) and a distance sensor 45 for monitoring the distance between the material-dropping port and the top of the material-pile layer. The winch is installed on the unloading vehicle 4. The unloading vehicle 4 is equipped with a motor for driving the winch. The winch includes a plurality of traction ropes extending downward in the vertical direction. The bottom end of each traction rope is connected to the bottom end of the material-dropping barrel 44. The connection points between the traction rope and the bottom end of the material-dropping barrel 44 are evenly arranged around the material-dropping barrel 44. The distance sensor 45 is also connected to the bottom end of the material-dropping barrel 44. The distance sensor 45 is connected to the control device to transmit the monitored distance data to the control device. In addition, a wire encoder can be used to monitor the distance between the material-dropping port and the top of the material-pile layer.

[0064] Specifically, the telescopic structure 441 of the blanking tube 44 can be a telescopic blanking tube on a ship loader, or a telescopic tube made of canvas material, and the selection of materials is not emphasized here.

[0065] Specifically, the control device uses a PLC controller, or directly uses a PC as the control device. In this embodiment, the control device controls the operation of the motors or servo motors installed on the above-mentioned gantry longitudinal moving bracket 2 and the unloading vehicle 4, drives the unloading vehicle 4 to move on the horizontal plane, and controls the expansion and contraction of the drop tube in the vertical direction.

[0066] Furthermore, when the unloading cart 4 slides toward the empty section, the sliding speed of the unloading cart 4 is less than the moving speed of the conveyor belt of the conveyor belt assembly 3. Only in this way can the moving speed of the conveyor belt assembly 3 for conveying the fermentation raw materials exceed the moving speed of the unloading cart 4. If the sliding speed of the unloading cart 4 toward the empty section exceeds the moving speed of the conveyor belt assembly 3 for conveying the fermentation raw materials, the unloading cart 4 cannot transfer the fermentation raw materials to the hopper 43 when moving.

[0067] It should be noted that this solution only takes one production line as an example, but in fact multiple production lines can be used in parallel.

[0068] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0069] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A method for solid fermentation and 3D stacking of powdered and granular fertilizers, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. According to the height and width limit of the fermentation raw material pile and the amount of fermentation raw materials to be piled up this time, calculate the length of the pile that can be piled up, the number of stacked layers and the amount of fermentation raw materials released each time per layer; S2. Select an area corresponding to the above length in the fermentation site and divide it into a working area, and then stack the fermentation raw materials in the working area; S3. In the process of stacking the fermentation raw materials in the working area, the fermentation raw materials are stacked layer by layer from bottom to top; S4. When stacking any layer of the pile, control the feeding port for spreading the fermentation raw materials to move vertically close to the stacked layer and horizontally, and keep the vertical distance between the feeding port and the top of the stacked layer within the set feeding distance range; S5. The projection of the moving trajectory of the drop-out port on the bottom surface of the working area constitutes a drop-out area. When stacking any layer of the material pile, the drop-out port is intermittently moved along the length direction of the fermentation site, and during each pause, the drop-out port is controlled to move unidirectionally / reciprocatingly along the width direction of the fermentation site and spread the fermentation raw materials. When any layer of the material pile is stacked, the moving trajectory of the drop-out port is adjusted to reduce the size of the drop-out area.

2. The method for solid fermentation 3D stacking of powdered and granular fertilizers according to claim 1, characterized in that: When a certain layer of the material pile is stacked, before stacking the next layer of the material pile, the material drop opening is controlled to move upward once, so that the distance between the material drop opening and the top of the stacked material layer remains unchanged or decreases.

3. The method for solid fermentation 3D stacking of powdered and granular fertilizers according to claim 1, characterized in that: When taking out the fermented intermediate product, each pile of materials is taken out in sequence according to the order in which the piles of materials are stacked.

4. The method for solid fermentation and 3D stacking of powdered and granular fertilizers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drop distance range is set to 100 mm to 500 mm.

5. A device suitable for the 3D stacking method of solid fermentation of powdered and granular fertilizers according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The method comprises at least one production line, wherein the production line comprises: A portal-type longitudinally movable support capable of sliding in a horizontal longitudinal direction, the longitudinally movable support comprising a crossbeam, an end beam and a support leg; A conveyor belt assembly having a conveyor belt for conveying fermentation raw materials, which is arranged on the crossbeam, and the conveyor belt of the conveyor belt assembly is arranged horizontally; The unloading vehicle comprises a frame which is slidably matched with the crossbeam in a horizontal direction, the frame is provided with a first redirecting roller and a second redirecting roller which are arranged in parallel in a longitudinal direction, the first redirecting roller is located higher than the second redirecting roller and has a spacing in the transverse direction, and the conveyor belt is folded back and passes around the two redirecting rollers in sequence; A material dropping structure is connected to the vehicle frame, the material dropping structure comprises a hopper and a material dropping barrel arranged in a vertical direction, the top opening of the hopper is located below the first redirecting roller, the bottom end of the hopper is inclined downwardly extended to one side of the conveyor belt to avoid the conveyor belt and the second redirecting roller, the bottom end opening of the hopper is communicated with the top end opening of the material dropping barrel, the bottom end opening of the material dropping barrel is used as a material dropping port, and the material dropping barrel has a telescopic structure that telescopes in a vertical direction; The control device is used to control the movement of the gantry longitudinal moving support, the unloading vehicle and the conveyor belt assembly, and to control the telescopic structure of the blanking barrel to extend and retract in the vertical direction according to the distance between the blanking port and the top of the stacked material layer.

6. A 3D solid fermentation stacking device for powdered and granular fertilizers as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The material dropping structure also includes a winch and a distance sensor for monitoring the distance between the material dropping port and the top of the stacked material layer. A section of the traction rope of the winch extends downward in the vertical direction and is connected to the bottom end of the material dropping barrel. The distance sensor is also connected to the bottom end of the material dropping barrel.

7. A 3D solid fermentation stacking device for powdered and granular fertilizers as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The powdered and granular fertilizer solid fermentation 3D stacking device also includes a slide rail installed along the length direction of the fermentation site. The legs of the gantry-type longitudinal motion bracket are provided with pulleys and a motor for driving the pulley to rotate. The legs of the gantry-type longitudinal motion bracket are slidably mounted on the slide rail through the pulley.

8. The 3D solid fermentation stacking device for powdered and granular fertilizers according to claim 5, characterized in that: The unloading vehicle divides the conveyor belt of the conveyor belt assembly into a loaded section and an unloaded section. When the unloading vehicle slides toward the unloaded section, the sliding speed of the unloading vehicle is lower than the moving speed of the conveyor belt of the conveyor belt assembly.

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