Display module and display device

Abstract

This disclosure relates to the field of display technology, providing a display module and display device. The display module includes a backlight assembly, a dimming assembly, and a display assembly. The backlight assembly generates backlight and converges the backlight before emitting it. The dimming assembly is located to one side of the backlight assembly and is used to modulate at least a portion of the backlight light to achieve convergence. The display assembly is located on the side of the dimming assembly away from the backlight assembly or between the backlight assembly and the dimming assembly. The phase difference between the front-view light and the side-view light of the display assembly is greater than or equal to 350 nm. This disclosure's display module, through the cooperation of the display assembly, dimming assembly, and display assembly, enables the display module to switch viewing angles to achieve a privacy function. Compared to existing viewing angle switching solutions using collimated backlights or privacy films, it has the advantage of low cost and can replace privacy films in current mass-produced solutions, reducing viewing angle switching costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and more specifically, to a display module and a display device. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the widespread use of laptops, mobile devices (phones, GPS, tablets, car navigation systems), and other products, people frequently conduct various business activities or personal communication through these devices in their daily lives. Therefore, protecting the privacy of these activities is crucial. There is a wide demand for LCD modules / devices with privacy features in this product category. Existing privacy products are generally expensive due to technological limitations, and the current market lacks low-cost privacy products. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this disclosure is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a display module and display device.

[0004] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a display module is provided, comprising: a backlight assembly for generating backlight and converging the backlight before emitting it; a dimming assembly located on one side of the backlight assembly, the dimming assembly being used at least to modulate a portion of the light in the backlight to cause the light to converge; and a display assembly located on the side of the dimming assembly away from the backlight assembly or located between the backlight assembly and the dimming assembly, wherein the phase difference between the front-view light and the side-view light of the display assembly is greater than or equal to 350 nm.

[0005] In an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the dimming assembly includes: a lower polarizer located on one side of the backlight assembly; a modulation panel located on the side of the lower polarizer facing away from the backlight assembly, the modulation panel being used to modulate at least a portion of the light in the backlight; and an upper polarizer located on the side of the modulation panel facing away from the backlight assembly; wherein the upper polarizer has a first absorption axis, the lower polarizer has a second absorption axis, and the direction of the first absorption axis is parallel to the direction of the second absorption axis; the upper polarizer is used to cooperate with the lower polarizer to filter out the light modulated by the modulation panel.

[0006] In an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the modulation panel includes a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite each other, and a second liquid crystal layer located between the first substrate and the second substrate, the second liquid crystal layer including electrically controlled birefringent liquid crystal.

[0007] In an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the modulation panel further includes a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer disposed opposite to each other on the first substrate and the second substrate in the thickness direction of the modulation panel; when there is an electric field between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer is parallel to the thickness direction of the modulation panel.

[0008] In an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the display component includes a plurality of sub-pixels arranged in a row-column array, and the privacy orientation of the display module is parallel to the pixel row direction.

[0009] In an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the backlight assembly includes a light guide plate and a diffuser, a first prism, and a second prism, which are sequentially stacked on one side of the light guide plate and located in the light propagation path; wherein the first prism has a first haze, the second prism has a second haze, and the sum of the first haze and the second haze is greater than or equal to 10% and less than or equal to 20%.

[0010] In an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the frontal view ray is perpendicular to the plane where the display component is located, and the side view ray forms a non-right angle with the plane where the display component is located.

[0011] In an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the display component includes a display panel, the display panel including a driving substrate and a color filter substrate disposed opposite each other, and a first liquid crystal layer located between the driving substrate and the color filter substrate, wherein the birefringence Δn of the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer is ≥0.118.

[0012] In an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the display component includes a display panel, the display panel including a driving substrate and a color filter substrate disposed opposite each other, and a first liquid crystal layer located between the driving substrate and the color filter substrate, wherein the birefringence of the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer is greater than the birefringence of the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer.

[0013] In an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the display component is located on the side of the upper polarizer away from the backlight component; the display component includes a display panel, the display panel including a driving substrate and a color filter substrate disposed opposite each other, the driving substrate including a first bonding portion for bonding a chip, and the color filter substrate being located on the side of the driving substrate away from the modulation panel; the modulation panel including a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite each other, the first substrate including a second bonding portion for bonding a chip, and the first bonding portion at least partially overlapping the second bonding portion in the orthographic projection of the first substrate; the color filter substrate being located on the side of the driving substrate away from the modulation panel, and the second substrate being located on the side of the first substrate away from the display panel; the display module further includes: an adhesive structure located between the first bonding portion and the second bonding portion, and connecting the first bonding portion and the second bonding portion respectively; a first support structure located between the second bonding portion and the backlight component to support the second bonding portion.

[0014] In an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the adhesive structure is an integral structure, and the thickness of the adhesive structure is equal to the thickness of the upper polarizer.

[0015] In an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the display panel is located on the side of the upper polarizer facing away from the backlight module; the display panel includes a driving substrate and a color filter substrate disposed in a cell, the driving substrate including a first bonding portion for bonding a chip; the modulation panel includes a first substrate and a second substrate disposed in a cell, the first substrate including a second bonding portion for bonding a chip, and the first bonding portion in the orthographic projection of the first substrate at least partially overlaps with the second bonding portion; the color filter substrate is located on the side of the driving substrate away from the display panel, and the first substrate is located on the side of the second substrate away from the display panel; the display module further includes: a second support structure located between the first bonding portion and the second bonding portion; and a third support structure located between the second bonding portion and the backlight assembly to support the second bonding portion on the backlight assembly.

[0016] In an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the second support structure includes a plurality of components, and there are boundary lines between adjacent components; the thickness of the second support structure is equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the upper polarizer and the second substrate.

[0017] In an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the display panel is located on the side of the upper polarizer that is away from the backlight module; the display panel includes a driving substrate and a color filter substrate disposed in a cell, the driving substrate including a first bonding portion for bonding a chip; the modulation panel includes a first substrate and a second substrate disposed in a cell, the first substrate including a second bonding portion for bonding a chip, and the orthographic projection of the first bonding portion on the first substrate does not overlap with the second bonding portion.

[0018] In an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the display component is located between the lower polarizer and the backlight component; the upper polarizer has a first haze, the lower polarizer has a second haze, and the sum of the first haze and the second haze is less than or equal to 10%, or the sum of the first haze and the second haze is greater than or equal to 50%.

[0019] In an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, both the upper polarizer and the lower polarizer include an adhesive layer, a first support layer, a polarizing layer, a second support layer, and a polarizing layer stacked sequentially, and the upper polarizer and the lower polarizer are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the modulation panel; wherein the haze of the polarizing layer in the upper polarizer is less than or equal to 10%, and the haze of the lower polarizer is 0.

[0020] In an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, both the upper polarizer and the lower polarizer include an adhesive layer, a first support layer, a polarizing layer, a second support layer, and a polarizing layer stacked sequentially, and the upper polarizer and the lower polarizer are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the modulation panel; wherein, the sum of the haze of the polarizing layer and the haze of the adhesive layer in the upper polarizer is greater than or equal to 50%; or, the sum of the haze of the polarizing layer in the upper polarizer and the haze of the adhesive layer in the lower polarizer is greater than or equal to 50%.

[0021] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, a display device is also provided, including the display module described in any embodiment of this disclosure.

[0022] The display module disclosed herein features a backlight assembly capable of converging emitted light, and a dimming assembly capable of modulating a portion of the backlight in the backlight assembly to further converge the light. The phase angle between the frontal and side viewing angles of the display module is greater than or equal to nm, allowing the display module to match the backlight assembly and achieve further backlight convergence. Thus, through the cooperation of the display assembly, dimming assembly, and display module, the display module can switch viewing angles to achieve a privacy function. This display module achieves privacy functionality solely through the cooperation of the backlight assembly, dimming assembly, and display module. Compared to existing technologies that use collimated backlights or privacy films for viewing angle switching, it offers a cost advantage and can replace privacy films in current mass-produced solutions, reducing viewing angle switching costs.

[0023] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this disclosure, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display module according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display module according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of the viewing angles of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in shared mode and privacy mode;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in a top-down view.

[0029] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the light in a sharing state of a modulation panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the light emitted by a modulation panel in a privacy mode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a backlight assembly according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a backlight assembly in related technologies;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of another structure of the backlight component in the related technology;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of phase difference on view convergence according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a contrast diagram of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in a shared state and a privacy state.

[0036] Figure 12This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an upper polarizer, a modulation panel, and a lower polarizer according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0037] Figures 13-15 This is a schematic diagram of a haze setting according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0038] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the cooperation between the chip bonding portion of a display panel and the chip bonding portion of a modulation panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0039] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the cooperation between the chip bonding portion of the display panel and the chip bonding portion of the modulation panel according to another embodiment of this disclosure.

[0040] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the cooperation between the chip bonding portion of the display panel and the chip bonding portion of the modulation panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0041] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation between the chip bonding portion of the display panel and the chip bonding portion of the modulation panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0042] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, they are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and therefore detailed descriptions of them will be omitted. Furthermore, the drawings are merely illustrative of this disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0043] Although relative terms such as "up" and "down" are used in this specification to describe the relative relationship of one component of an icon to another, these terms are used only for convenience, such as according to the orientation of the examples shown in the accompanying drawings. It is understood that if the device of the icon is flipped upside down, the component described as "up" will become the component described as "down." When a structure is "up" of another structure, it may mean that the structure is integrally formed on the other structure, or that the structure is "directly" mounted on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" mounted on the other structure through another structure.

[0044] The terms “a,” “one,” “the,” “the,” and “at least one” are used to indicate the presence of one or more elements / components / etc.; the terms “including” and “having” are used to indicate an open-ended inclusion and to mean that there may be other elements / components / etc. in addition to the listed elements / components / etc.; the terms “first,” “second,” and “third,” etc., are used only as markers and are not a limitation on the number of objects.

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display module according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display module according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram comparing the viewing angles of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in shared mode and privacy mode, as shown below. Figures 1-3 As shown, the display module of this disclosure may include a backlight assembly 200, a dimming assembly 100, and a display assembly 300. The backlight assembly 200 is used to generate backlight and converge the backlight before emitting it. The dimming assembly 100 is located on one side of the backlight assembly 200 and is used to modulate at least a portion of the light in the backlight to make the light converge. The display assembly 300 is located on the side of the dimming assembly 100 away from the backlight assembly 200 or between the backlight assembly 200 and the dimming assembly 100. The phase difference between the front viewing angle light and the side viewing angle light of the display assembly 300 is greater than or equal to 350nm.

[0046] The display module disclosed herein features a backlight assembly 200 capable of converging emitted light, and a dimming assembly 100 capable of modulating a portion of the backlight in the backlight assembly 200 to further converge the light. The phase angle between the frontal and side viewing angles of the display assembly 300 is greater than or equal to 350 nm, allowing the display assembly 300 to match the backlight assembly 200 and achieve further backlight convergence. Thus, through the cooperation of the display assembly, dimming assembly 100, and display assembly 300, the display module can switch viewing angles to achieve a privacy protection function. This display module achieves privacy protection solely through the cooperation of the backlight assembly 200, dimming assembly 100, and display module. Compared to existing technologies that use collimated backlights or privacy films for viewing angle switching, this method offers a cost advantage and can replace privacy films in current mass-produced solutions, reducing viewing angle switching costs.

[0047] The ability of a certain structure A to perform light convergence as described in this disclosure can be understood as the angular range covered by the light emitted through the structure A being smaller than the angular range covered by the light incident on the structure A, that is, the angular range of the emitted light is reduced.

[0048] The phase difference between the front-view light and the side-view light of the display component 300 is greater than or equal to 350nm, for example, 350nm, 355nm, 360nm, 365nm, etc., which allows the display component 300 to be matched with the backlight component 200 to further converge the light. The display component 300 of this disclosure may include a liquid crystal display panel, and the type of liquid crystal in the liquid crystal display panel can be selected based on this phase difference, so that display components 300 of different thicknesses can be matched with the backlight component 200 to have the light convergence function.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, in the display module of this disclosure, the display component 300 can be located on the side of the dimming component 100 opposite to the backlight component 200, or, as... Figure 2 As shown, the display component 300 can be located between the dimming component 100 and the backlight component 200.

[0050] Understandably, the display component 300 may include a display panel D-OC, and the display panel D-OC may include a substrate. The frontal viewing angle ray of the display component 300 can be understood as ray perpendicular to the plane of the substrate in the display panel D-OC. The side viewing angle ray refers to ray with a non-zero angle to the frontal viewing angle ray; that is, the angle between the side viewing angle ray and the plane of the substrate in the display panel D-OC is not a right angle. For example, a liquid crystal display panel D-OC typically includes a driving substrate and a color filter substrate arranged opposite each other. The plane of the driving substrate is parallel to the plane of the color filter substrate, thus the frontal viewing angle ray can be understood as ray perpendicular to the plane of the driving substrate or the color filter substrate.

[0051] The dimming component 100 can modulate at least a portion of the light to cause the light to converge, that is, by modulating the light, the viewing angle range of the emitted light is reduced compared to the viewing angle range of the incident light, thus enabling the display module to have a privacy mode. It should be understood that the dimming component 100 can also not modulate the light, that is, not switch the viewing angle, thus enabling the display module to have a sharing mode. The display module can switch between privacy mode and sharing mode by controlling the light through the dimming component 100.

[0052] like Figure 3As shown, the contrast ratio (i.e., the ratio of light brightness at a 45° side viewing angle to light brightness at a front viewing angle) of the backlight component 200 of this disclosure is 7% to 10%, while the contrast ratio of conventional backlight components at 45° is typically 15% to 20%. Clearly, the backlight component 200 of this disclosure has a light convergence effect on the generated backlight. The contrast ratio of the display component 300 at 45° is 9% to 12%, while the contrast ratio of conventional display components at 45° is typically 20% to 37%. Therefore, the display component 300 of this disclosure has a better light convergence effect compared to conventional display components. After the dimming component 100 is applied, the contrast ratio of the display module of this disclosure at 45° can be reduced to 0.5% to 0.6%, meeting the privacy protection requirements. For details on the light convergence principles of the backlight component 100, dimming component 200, and display component 300 of this disclosure, please refer to the description of the subsequent embodiments, which will not be elaborated here.

[0053] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the viewing angle of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in a top-down view. In the figure, A0 represents the main viewing area of ​​the display module, that is, the viewing area corresponding to the normal viewing angle light. A1 and A2 represent the first and second side viewing areas located on both sides of the main viewing area A0 in the row direction X, and A3 and A4 represent the third and fourth side viewing areas located on both sides of the main viewing area A0 in the column direction Y. The display module of the present disclosure can switch the viewing angle only for the first side viewing area A1 and the second side viewing area A2 located on both sides of the main viewing area A0 in the row direction X, and / or switch the viewing angle for the third side viewing area A3 and the fourth side viewing area A4 located on both sides of the main viewing area A0 in the column direction Y. Specifically, the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules in the dimming component 100 can be adjusted according to the usage scenario. Considering that conventional personal computers (such as laptops, office computers, etc.) only need to perform privacy protection in the left and right directions, that is, in the first side viewing area A1 and the second side viewing area A2 in the figure, that is, to switch the viewing angle in the row direction of the display panel. The following explanation will further illustrate the viewing angle switching principle and specific structure of the display module of this disclosure by taking the example of the display module having anti-peeping function for the first side viewing area A1 and the second side viewing area A2.

[0054] In an exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the dimming assembly 100 may include an upper polarizer POL-1, a modulation panel S-OC, and a lower polarizer POL-2. The lower polarizer POL-2 is located on one side of the backlight assembly 200. The modulation panel S-OC is located on the side of the lower polarizer POL-2 away from the backlight assembly 200, and the modulation panel S-OC can be used to modulate at least a portion of the light in the backlight. The upper polarizer POL-1 is located on the side of the modulation panel S-OC away from the backlight assembly 200. The upper polarizer POL-1 has a first absorption axis, and the lower polarizer POL-2 has a second absorption axis. The direction of the first absorption axis is parallel to the direction of the second absorption axis. The upper polarizer POL-1 is used to cooperate with the lower polarizer POL-2 to filter out the light modulated by the modulation panel S-OC.

[0055] Specifically, the upper polarizer POL-1 can only transmit light with a polarization direction perpendicular to the first absorption axis, and the lower polarizer POL-2 can only transmit light with a polarization direction perpendicular to the second absorption axis. The polarization directions of the light transmitted by the upper polarizer POL-1 and the lower polarizer POL-2 are the same. The upper polarizer POL-1 and the lower polarizer POL-2 work together to filter out the light modulated by the modulation panel S-OC, thereby achieving viewing angle switching, that is, switching between shared mode and privacy mode.

[0056] In the sharing mode, the modulation panel S-OC does not modulate the backlight. The light emitted from the backlight assembly 200 becomes linearly polarized light after passing through the lower polarizer POL-2. The polarization direction of the linearly polarized light is perpendicular to the first absorption axis and the second absorption axis. Because the modulation panel S-OC does not modulate the linearly polarized light, the linearly polarized light maintains its polarization direction and can pass through the upper polarizer POL-1 to enter the display panel D-OC. In this way, the viewing angle range of the linearly polarized light does not change, and the user can see the display content in both the main viewing area A0 and the side viewing areas (A1 to A4).

[0057] In privacy mode, the light emitted from the backlight assembly 200 becomes linearly polarized after passing through the lower polarizer POL-2. This linearly polarized light then enters the modulation panel S-OC, which modulates the linearly polarized light incident at a certain angle. For example, it modulates the light entering the... Figure 4 The light rays in the first side viewing area A1 and the second side viewing area A2 are modulated, thereby changing the polarization direction of this portion of linearly polarized light so that it is no longer perpendicular to the first absorption axis. Therefore, this portion of light cannot pass through the upper polarizer POL-1 and is filtered out by it. Thus, the user cannot see the display content of the display module in the first side viewing area A1 and the second side viewing area A2, achieving the privacy function. However, the modulation panel S-OC does not modulate the linearly polarized light at the normal viewing angle, allowing it to pass through the upper polarizer POL-1, so the user can see the display content of the display module in the main viewing area A0.

[0058] Combination Figure 4 It can be seen that the visible area of ​​the display module in the sharing mode is larger than that in the privacy mode.

[0059] This disclosure shows that the module can actively switch between anti-spy mode and sharing mode. The structure of the modulation panel S-OC is further described below.

[0060] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in an exemplary embodiment, the modulation panel S-OC may include a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite each other, and a second liquid crystal layer, an alignment layer, and an electrode layer located between the first substrate and the second substrate. Specifically, the electrode layer may include a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer, which may be disposed inside the first substrate and the second substrate, respectively. The alignment layer may include a first alignment layer and a second alignment layer, which may be disposed inside the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer. The second liquid crystal layer is located between the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer. The first electrode layer and the second electrode layer may be transparent electrodes, and an electric field may be formed between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer when a voltage is applied between them.

[0061] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the light in a sharing state of a modulation panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, when there is no electric field between the first electrode layer 110 and the second electrode layer 120, the liquid crystals in the second liquid crystal layer 130 are randomly arranged. Linearly polarized light P0 at the front viewing angle and linearly polarized light P1 and P2 at the side viewing angles do not change their polarization direction after passing through the second liquid crystal layer 130. That is, the polarization state of linearly polarized light P0 at the front viewing angle and linearly polarized light P1 and P2 at the side viewing angles remains unchanged and is perpendicular to the first absorption axis direction of the upper polarizer POL-1. Therefore, the light can pass through the upper polarizer POL-1, and the display module presents a shared state, corresponding to... Figure 4 The main viewing area A0, the first side viewing area A1, and the second side viewing area A2 can all display the content.

[0062] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the light emitted by a modulation panel in a privacy mode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, such as... Figure 6As shown, when the first electrode layer 110 and the second electrode layer 120 are energized, creating an electric field between them, the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 130 is parallel to the direction of the electric field. Therefore, when linearly polarized light P1 and P2 at a side viewing angle passes through the second liquid crystal layer 130, their polarization direction is twisted, causing this portion of the linearly polarized light to no longer be perpendicular to the first absorption axis. Consequently, this portion of the linearly polarized light cannot pass through the upper polarizer POL-1; that is, the linearly polarized light P1 and P2 at a side viewing angle are filtered out by the upper polarizer POL-1, reflected in... Figure 4 In the first viewing area A1 and the second viewing area A2, the user cannot see the display content of the display module. However, linearly polarized light at the positive viewing angle is parallel to the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 130; that is, the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light at the positive viewing angle remains unchanged but is perpendicular to the first absorption axis. Therefore, the linearly polarized light at the positive viewing angle can pass through the upper polarizer POL-1, allowing the user to see the display content of the display module at the positive viewing angle. Figure 4 The main view A0 shows the displayed content, thus enabling the display module to have a privacy function. In this exemplary embodiment, the electric field between the first electrode layer 110 and the second electrode layer 120 can be parallel to the thickness direction of the modulation panel S-OC. That is, in the privacy state, the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 130 is parallel to the thickness direction of the modulation panel S-OC. The thickness direction of the modulation panel S-OC mentioned here can be understood as a direction perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate.

[0063] In this exemplary embodiment, the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 130 can be electrically controlled birefringent liquid crystals (ECB). Thus, when there is an electric field between the first electrode layer 110 and the second electrode layer 120, the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 130 can rotate, making the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules parallel to the direction of the electric field, thereby enabling the modulation panel S-OC to modulate the linearly polarized light at the side viewing angle.

[0064] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a backlight assembly according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown below. Figure 7 As shown, the backlight assembly 200 may include a light guide plate and a diffuser, a first prism, and a second prism that are stacked sequentially on one side of the light guide plate and located in the light propagation path. The first prism has a first haze, the second prism has a second haze, and the sum of the first haze and the second haze is greater than or equal to 10% and less than or equal to 20%.

[0065] Specifically, this exemplary embodiment can adjust the haze of the prism sheet in the backlight assembly 200, thereby reducing the haze of the prism sheet and enabling the prism sheet to converge light.

[0066] In this exemplary embodiment, it is sufficient that the sum of the first haze and the second haze is greater than or equal to 10% and less than or equal to 20%. For example, the sum of the first haze and the second haze can be 10%, 12%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 18%, 20%, etc. In this way, the light convergence effect of the first prism and the second prism is improved by reducing the light homogenization effect of the first prism and the second prism.

[0067] It is worth noting that in this exemplary embodiment, as long as the total haze of the first prism and the second prism is 10% to 20%, the haze of each individual prism is not limited. For example, the first haze can be 0, and the second haze can be 10% to 20%; or the first haze can be 10% to 20%, and the second haze can be 0; or both the first haze and the second haze can be non-zero, and their sum can be 10% to 20%.

[0068] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a backlight assembly in related technologies. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of another structure of the backlight component in related technologies. Figure 8 For a backlight solution using collimated backlighting, Figure 9 For backlight solutions using privacy films, collimated backlight solutions have low yield rates and are expensive. While privacy film backlight solutions are cheaper than collimated backlight solutions, they are still considered high-end products. In contrast, in this exemplary embodiment, only the total haze of the prisms in the backlight assembly 200 is reduced, without any other special requirements, thus eliminating the need for additional costs and significantly reducing production costs, providing a low-cost, view-switching display module.

[0069] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in an exemplary embodiment, the display assembly 300 may include a display panel S-OC and a third polarizer POL-3 located on one side of the display panel S-OC. The third polarizer POL-3 is capable of homogenizing the backlight. When the display assembly 300 is located on the side of the dimming assembly 100 away from the backlight assembly 200, as... Figure 1 As shown, the third polarizer POL-3 is located on the side of the display panel S-OC facing away from the backlight assembly 200. When the display assembly 300 is located between the dimming assembly 100 and the backlight assembly 200, as... Figure 2 As shown, the third polarizer POL-3 is located between the display panel S-OC and the backlight assembly 200.

[0070] As described above, the display component 300 of this disclosure needs to be matched with the backlight component 200 to converge the light. In an exemplary embodiment, the phase difference between the frontal view light and the side view light of the display component 300 is greater than or equal to 350 nm, wherein the frontal view light is perpendicular to the plane of the display panel D-OC, and the angle between the side view light and the plane of the display panel D-OC is not a right angle, i.e., it has a non-zero angle with the frontal view light. The larger the phase difference, the greater the brightness attenuation of the side view light, that is, the better the convergence effect of the side view light. The phase difference between the frontal view light and the side view light of the display component 300 mentioned here refers to the phase difference between the frontal view light and the side view light of the display panel D-OC.

[0071] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of phase difference on viewing angle convergence according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In the figure, the origin of the coordinate system represents the brightness value of the light at the frontal viewing angle, the horizontal axis represents the angle at which the light at the side viewing angle deviates from the light at the frontal viewing angle, and the vertical axis represents the contrast, i.e., the ratio of the brightness of the test angle to the brightness of the light at the frontal viewing angle. The first curve k1 is the contrast curve obtained when the phase difference is small, and the second curve k2 is the contrast curve obtained when the phase difference is large. It can be seen that the viewing angle of the second curve k2 is converged relative to the viewing angle of the first curve k1. That is, the larger the phase difference, the more convergent the viewing angle, and vice versa, the smaller the phase difference, the more divergent the viewing angle.

[0072] In this exemplary embodiment, by setting the phase difference between the frontal view light and the side view light to be greater than or equal to 350nm, the display module can have a viewing angle convergence effect that meets the specifications.

[0073] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the contrast of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in sharing mode and privacy mode. In the figure, the origin of the coordinate system represents the brightness value of the light at the front viewing angle, the horizontal axis represents the angle of deviation of the light at the side viewing angle from the light at the front viewing angle, and the vertical axis represents the contrast ratio, i.e., the ratio of the brightness of the light at the side viewing angle to the brightness of the light at the front viewing angle. The third curve k3 represents the contrast curve in sharing mode, and the fourth curve k4 represents the contrast curve in privacy mode. It can be seen that the privacy specification of the display module of the present disclosure is 0.6% when the side viewing angle is 45°. And after multiple verifications, the privacy specification of the display module is 0.5% to 0.6% when the side viewing angle is 45°, which meets the relevant specifications for the viewing angle convergence requirements of privacy products.

[0074] As is known, a D-OC display panel may include a driving substrate and a color filter substrate arranged in pairs. A color resist layer and a black matrix may be disposed on the color filter substrate to form sub-pixels distributed in a Y-array along the row and column direction. A TFT structure is disposed on the driving substrate for normal display. Alignment films are fabricated inside the color resist layer of the color filter substrate and inside the TFT structure of the driving substrate, respectively, with a liquid crystal layer disposed between the two alignment films. For the specific structure of a D-OC display panel, please refer to the structure of liquid crystal display panels in the prior art; it will not be elaborated here.

[0075] In this disclosure, the liquid crystal layer in the display panel D-OC can be a first liquid crystal layer, which is different from the second liquid crystal layer in the modulation panel S-OC. Furthermore, in this exemplary embodiment, the birefringence of the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer can be greater than the birefringence of the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer.

[0076] In some embodiments, the birefringence Δn of the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer is ≥0.118, for example, it can be 0.118, 0.120, 0.122, etc., thereby ensuring that the phase difference between the front viewing angle light and the side viewing angle light of the display panel D-OC is greater than or equal to 350nm, so that the display panel D-OC can match the backlight component 200 and have a viewing angle convergence effect.

[0077] For example, in a typical laptop computer, the thickness of the first liquid crystal layer in the D-OC display panel is usually 3.0 to 3.2 μm. Thus, by setting the birefringence Δn of the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer to be greater than or equal to 0.118, the phase difference between the light from the front viewing angle and the light from the side viewing angle of the laptop computer can be greater than or equal to 350 nm.

[0078] like Figure 2 As shown, in the display module of this disclosure, the display component 300 can also be located between the dimming component 100 and the backlight component 200. In this structure, the upper modulation panel S-OC is transparent when no electric field is applied, and it can transmit light. Ambient light incident through the modulation panel S-OC will interfere with the light returned through the display panel D-OC, forming relatively obvious rainbow stripes, resulting in poor display. The display module of this disclosure further improves upon this problem.

[0079] In an exemplary embodiment, the rainbow stripe defect can be eliminated by adjusting the haze of the upper polarizer POL-1 and / or the lower polarizer POL-2.

[0080] For example, the upper polarizer POL-1 has a first haze, and the lower polarizer POL-2 has a second haze. The sum of the first haze and the second haze can be less than or equal to 10%, for example, it can be 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, etc. By reducing the haze of the first prism and the second prism so that the sum of the first haze and the second haze is less than or equal to 10%, after reducing the haze of the upper polarizer POL-1 and / or the lower polarizer POL-2, the mismatch between the upper and lower polarizers and the ambient light (especially the light formed after the light in the office space is emitted through the outer frame of the grid) can be effectively reduced or eliminated, thus reducing or eliminating rainbow effect defects.

[0081] Alternatively, the sum of the first haze and the second haze can be greater than or equal to 50%, for example, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, etc. That is, by increasing the total haze of the upper polarizer POL-1 and the lower polarizer POL-2, the light uniformity of the upper and lower polarizers is improved, thereby scattering the light and eliminating rainbow patterns.

[0082] Furthermore, since rainbow patterns typically appear on the upper polarizer POL-1, this disclosure preferably reduces the haze of only the upper polarizer POL-1 so that the total haze of the upper polarizer POL-1 and the lower polarizer POL-2 is less than or equal to 10%. Alternatively, the haze of both the upper polarizer POL-1 and the lower polarizer POL-2 can be adjusted simultaneously so that the total haze of the upper and lower polarizers is greater than or equal to 50%.

[0083] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper polarizer, modulation panel, and lower polarizer according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown below. Figure 12 As shown, in an exemplary embodiment, the upper polarizer POL-1 and the lower polarizer POL-2 may have the same film structure. For example, they may each include an adhesive layer PSA, a first support layer TAC1, a polarizing layer PVA, a second support layer TAC2, and a polarizing layer APF stacked sequentially. The upper polarizer POL-1 and the lower polarizer POL-2 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the modulation panel S-OC.

[0084] In some embodiments, such as Figure 13 As shown, the haze of the polarizing layer APF in the upper polarizer POL-1 can be set to less than or equal to 10%, while the haze of the lower polarizer POL-2 can be set to 0, so that the total haze of the upper polarizer POL-1 and the lower polarizer POL-2 is less than or equal to 10%. That is, surface treatment is performed only on the upper polarizer POL-1 to make the total haze of the upper polarizer POL-1 and the lower polarizer POL-2 less than or equal to 10%.

[0085] In some embodiments, such as Figure 14As shown, the sum of the haze of the polarizing layer APF and the adhesive layer PSA in the upper polarizer POL-1 can be set to be greater than or equal to 50%. For example, the haze of both the polarizing layer APF and the adhesive layer PSA in the upper polarizer POL-1 can be greater than or equal to 25%.

[0086] In some embodiments, such as Figure 15 As shown, the sum of the haze of the polarizing layer APF in the upper polarizer POL-1 and the haze of the polarizing layer APF in the lower polarizer POL-2 can be set to be greater than or equal to 50%. For example, the haze of the polarizing layer APF in the upper polarizer POL-1 and the haze of the adhesive layer PSA in the lower polarizer POL-2 can both be greater than or equal to 25%.

[0087] It can be seen that, Figure 14 and Figure 15 In the structure shown, the surface treatment of the upper polarizer POL-1 is combined with the haze treatment of the inner layer to make the total haze of the upper polarizer POL-1 and the lower polarizer POL-2 greater than or equal to 50%.

[0088] As is known, both the modulation panel S-OC and the display panel D-OC require bonding chips to provide electrical signals to the corresponding panels. As mentioned above, the display panel D-OC may include a driving substrate and a color filter substrate mounted on a cell, and the modulation panel S-OC may include a first substrate and a second substrate mounted on a cell.

[0089] The chip in the display panel D-OC can be bonded to the driving substrate. For example, the driving substrate can include a first bonding part D-101 for bonding the chip. Obviously, the first bonding part D-101 will extend beyond the boundary of the color filter substrate.

[0090] The chip in the modulation panel S-OC can be bonded to the first substrate. For example, the first substrate may include a second bonding part S-102 for bonding the chip. Obviously, the second bonding part S-102 will extend beyond the boundary of the second substrate.

[0091] It is known that the thickness of the second bonding part S-102 in the modulation panel S-OC is relatively small, usually between 0.1 and 0.15t. Therefore, if the chip bonding pad of the modulation panel S-OC is directly placed on the frame adhesive 500 of the backlight assembly 200, the second bonding part S-102 of the modulation panel S-OC can be easily damaged, causing abnormal lighting of the modulation panel S-OC.

[0092] To address this issue, in an exemplary embodiment, Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the cooperation between the chip bonding portion of the display panel and the chip bonding portion of the modulation panel according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 16As shown, the color filter substrate is located on the side of the driving substrate away from the modulation panel S-OC, and the second substrate is located on the side of the first substrate away from the display panel D-OC. That is, the first bonding portion D-101 of the chip in the display panel D-OC and the second bonding portion S-102 of the chip in the modulation panel S-OC are arranged back-to-back. Thus, an adhesive structure 301 can be provided between the first bonding portion D-101 and the second bonding portion S-102, bonding the first bonding portion D-101 and the second bonding portion S-102 respectively. In other words, the adhesive structure 301 bonds the chip bonding portions of the display panel D-OC and the modulation panel S-OC. For example, an OCA adhesive layer can be applied between the first bonding portion D-101 and the second bonding portion S-102 to form a continuous adhesive structure 301, thereby bringing the chip bonding portions of the display panel D-OC and the modulation panel S-OC closer together and strengthening their support. The thickness of the adhesive structure 301 is the same as the thickness of the upper polarizer POL-1. Furthermore, a first support structure 401 may be provided between the second binding part S-102 and the frame adhesive 500 of the backlight assembly 200 to provide overall support for the first binding part D-101 and the second binding part S-102.

[0093] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the cooperation between the chip bonding portion of the display panel and the chip bonding portion of the modulation panel according to another embodiment of this disclosure, as shown below. Figure 17As shown, the color filter substrate is located on the side of the driving substrate away from the modulation panel S-OC, and the first substrate is located on the side of the second substrate away from the display panel D-OC. That is, there is at least the thickness of the second substrate between the chip bonding portion of the display panel D-OC and the chip bonding portion of the modulation panel S-OC. In this structure, a third support structure 403 can be provided between the second bonding portion S-102 and the frame adhesive 500 of the backlight assembly 200. The third support structure 403 can connect the second bonding portion S-102 and the backlight assembly 200 respectively. For example, the third support structure 403 can be formed by the frame adhesive to bond the second bonding portion S-102, i.e., the chip bonding portion of the modulation panel S-OC, to the frame adhesive 500 of the backlight assembly 200. Alternatively, the third support structure 403 can also be formed by foam to form a soft support for the second bonding portion S-102 and support the second bonding portion S-102 on the frame adhesive 500 of the backlight assembly 200. This exemplary embodiment, by providing a third support structure 403, can also enhance the support effect on the chip bonding portion of the modulation panel S-OC, effectively reducing damage to the chip bonding portion of the modulation panel S-OC, thereby reducing the probability of lamp failure in the modulation panel S-OC. Simultaneously, in this structure, a second support structure 402 can be provided between the first bonding portion D-101 and the second bonding portion S-102. The second support structure 402 can be formed, for example, of PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) or foam, thereby forming a soft support between the chip bonding portion of the modulation panel S-OC and the chip bonding portion of the display panel D-OC. The thickness of the second support structure 402 is equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the upper polarizer POL-1 and the second substrate. Obviously, Figure 17 The thickness of the second support structure 402 in the structure shown is greater than that of the second support structure 402. Figure 16 The thickness of the bonding structure 301 is less than that of the third support structure 403, and the thickness of the third support structure 403 is less than that of the first support structure 401. Furthermore, in this exemplary embodiment, because the second support structure 402 is not formed in a single process, the formed second support structure 402 has multiple components, and there are boundary lines between adjacent components. Clearly, this second support structure 402 differs from... Figure 16 The adhesive structure 301 shown is shown.

[0094] Figure 18 and Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the cooperation between the chip bonding portion of the display panel and the chip bonding portion of the modulation panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown below. Figure 18 and Figure 19As shown in this exemplary embodiment, the first binding part D-101 and the second binding part S-102 may not overlap. That is, the first binding part D-101 and the second binding part S-102 are located on both sides of the display module, so that the orthographic projection of the first binding part D-101 on the first substrate does not overlap with the second binding part S-102. This allows the first binding part D-101 and the second binding part S-102 to be spaced far apart, which reduces the overall thickness of the binding part and avoids signal interference between the first binding part D-101 and the second binding part S-102.

[0095] This disclosure also provides a display device, which may include the display module described in any embodiment of this disclosure.

[0096] Other embodiments of this disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the generality of this disclosure and include, but are not disclosed herein, common knowledge or customary techniques in the art. The specification and embodiments are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this disclosure are indicated by the claims.

Claims

1. A display module, characterized in that, include: Backlight assembly, used to generate backlight and converge and emit the backlight; A dimming component is located on one side of the backlight component, and the dimming component is used to modulate at least a portion of the light in the backlight to make the light converge. The display component is located on the side of the dimming component away from the backlight component. The phase difference between the frontal view light and the side view light of the display component is greater than or equal to 350nm, so that the display component matches the backlight component and the backlight converges again. The frontal view light is perpendicular to the plane where the display component is located, and the angle between the side view light and the plane where the display component is located is not a right angle. The backlight assembly includes a light guide plate and a diffuser, a first prism, and a second prism, which are stacked sequentially on one side of the light guide plate and located in the light propagation path. Wherein, the first prism has a first degree of haze, the second prism has a second degree of haze, and the sum of the first degree of haze and the second degree of haze is greater than or equal to 10% and less than or equal to 20%; The display assembly includes a display panel and a third polarizer located on one side of the display panel. The display panel includes a driving substrate and a color filter substrate disposed opposite each other, and a first liquid crystal layer located between the driving substrate and the color filter substrate. The birefringence of the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer is Δn≥0.

118. The third polarizer is located on the side of the display panel away from the backlight assembly and is used to homogenize the backlight. The ratio of the backlight assembly's brightness at a 45° side viewing angle to its brightness at a normal viewing angle is 7% to 10%, the ratio of the display assembly's brightness at a 45° side viewing angle to its brightness at a normal viewing angle is 9% to 12%, and the ratio of the display module's brightness at a 45° side viewing angle to its brightness at a normal viewing angle is 0.5% to 0.6%. The dimming assembly includes: a lower polarizer located on one side of the backlight assembly; a modulation panel located on the side of the lower polarizer away from the backlight assembly, the modulation panel being used to modulate at least a portion of the light in the backlight; and an upper polarizer located on the side of the modulation panel away from the backlight assembly. The display component is located on the side of the upper polarizer that is away from the backlight component; The display component includes a display panel, the display panel includes a driving substrate and a color filter substrate disposed opposite each other, the driving substrate includes a first bonding portion for bonding a chip, and the color filter substrate is located on the side of the driving substrate away from the modulation panel; The modulation panel includes a first substrate and a second substrate disposed in a cell. The first substrate includes a second bonding portion for bonding a chip, and the orthographic projection of the first bonding portion onto the first substrate at least partially overlaps with the second bonding portion. The color filter substrate is located on the side of the driving substrate away from the modulation panel, and the second substrate is located on the side of the first substrate away from the display panel; The display module also includes: An adhesive structure is formed by coating the entire layer of OCA adhesive between the first bonding part and the second bonding part. The adhesive structure connects the first bonding part and the second bonding part respectively. The adhesive structure is an integral structure, and the thickness of the adhesive structure is equal to the thickness of the upper polarizer. A first support structure is located between the second bonding portion and the backlight assembly to support the second bonding portion.

2. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper polarizer has a first absorption axis, and the lower polarizer has a second absorption axis, wherein the direction of the first absorption axis is parallel to the direction of the second absorption axis; The upper polarizer is used in conjunction with the lower polarizer to filter out light modulated by the modulation panel.

3. The display module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The modulation panel includes a first substrate and a second substrate disposed in a cell, and a second liquid crystal layer located between the first substrate and the second substrate, the second liquid crystal layer including electrically controlled birefringent liquid crystal.

4. The display module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The modulation panel further includes a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer disposed opposite to each other on the first substrate and the second substrate in the thickness direction of the modulation panel. When there is an electric field between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer is parallel to the thickness direction of the modulation panel.

5. The display module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The display component includes a plurality of sub-pixels arranged in a row and column array, and the privacy orientation of the display module is parallel to the pixel row direction.

6. The display module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The display component includes a display panel, which includes a driving substrate and a color filter substrate disposed opposite each other, and a first liquid crystal layer located between the driving substrate and the color filter substrate. The birefringence of the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer is greater than that of the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer.

7. A display device, characterized in that, Includes the display module as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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