An electronic waste treatment device and process with tail gas treatment function

Abstract

The present invention discloses an electronic waste treatment device and process with tail gas treatment function, including a soaking pool, above which a tail gas treatment device is provided. A waste conveying structure is arranged on the soaking pool. The tail gas treatment device comprises a support surface, four guide rods, four guide sleeves, four rectangular sealing covers, a lifting driver, a sliding disk, four thrusters and a tail gas treatment device. Four sliding grooves are arranged on one side of the soaking pool, and sliding bodies are installed inside the sliding grooves. The bottom of the guide rod is installed on the sliding body. The beneficial effect of the present invention is that in this technical solution, the tail gas treatment device is used to treat the tail gas generated by the soaked electronic waste, and the soaking pool is completely sealed through the tail gas treatment structure, so as to ensure that all harmful gases are absorbed and treated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electronic waste treatment, and in particular to an electronic waste treatment device and process with tail gas treatment function. Background Art

[0002] With the improvement of the popularity rate of household appliances and electronic products and the acceleration of the replacement cycle, electronic waste is also increasing day by day. At present, the disposal of electronic waste is mainly to recycle the parts that can be reused after manual disassembly. There are mainly three ways to process circuit boards:

[0003] The first is wet processing, which uses strong acids and cyanides for soaking to extract precious metals such as gold and silver. However, waste liquid and tail gas will be generated after soaking, which will cause serious pollution to the air and water sources.

[0004] The second way is pyrometallurgical processing: using fire to extract metal substances such as copper and nickel, but the tail gas generated during incineration will pollute the atmosphere;

[0005] The third is the disassembly and classification method: mainly separating the reusable parts from the toxic and harmful parts in electronic waste. The components of electronic waste are quite complex. Some parts can be recycled again, such as plastic casings, capacitors, resistors, metal fittings and casings, etc. Toxic components such as cadmium, lead, mercury and other parts will be handed over to a hazardous waste treatment station for treatment.

[0006] In summary, the first and second methods are the fastest treatment methods, but both will generate a certain amount of waste gas. The third method uses the disassembly method. Due to the complex structure of electronic waste, manual disassembly is generally required during disassembly. General machinery can only disassemble a certain part of electronic waste. Since there are many types of electronic waste, it is not very realistic to use machine automation for disassembly;

[0007] In summary, the present case researches and develops a device capable of treating harmful gases for the first and second methods, so as to overcome the technical problems existing in current chemical treatment and pyrometallurgy. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems and design an electronic waste treatment device and process with tail gas treatment function.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is an electronic waste treatment device and process with tail gas treatment function, including a soaking pool, a tail gas treatment structure is arranged above the soaking pool, and a waste conveying structure is arranged on the soaking pool;

[0010] The tail gas treatment structure includes: a support surface, four guide rods, four guide sleeves, four rectangular sealing covers, a lifting drive, a sliding disk, four thrusters, and a tail gas treatment device;

[0011] On one side of the soaking pool, there are four sliding grooves. Inside the sliding grooves, there are sliding bodies. The bottoms of the guide rods are installed on the sliding bodies. The four sliding grooves are arranged in a relatively inclined direction. The lifting drive is installed on the upper support surface, and the bottom of the lifting drive is connected to the sliding disk. The sliding disk has four slideways with the same opening direction as the four sliding grooves. The upper end parts of the sealing covers can slide in the slideways, and the lower end parts are installed on the four guide rods through four guide sleeves. The four thrusters are located on one side of the sliding grooves, and the piston ends are connected to the guide rods;

[0012] On the opposite walls and the bottom of the four sealing covers, there are unconnected openings, and there are sealing strips at the edge parts of the openings.

[0013] The waste conveying structure includes: a front conveyor, a gantry, left and right mounting plates, several spherical plain bearings, several moving bodies, several center rollers, several side rollers, a conveyor belt, a pair of lifters, and a pair of lifting arms;

[0014] The front conveyor is located on one side of the soaking pool. The gantry spans across the soaking pool. The left and right mounting plates are arranged on the gantry. On the opposite walls of the left and right mounting plates, there are sliding grooves. The moving bodies are installed in the sliding grooves. The spherical plain bearings are embedded in the sliding grooves. Inside the spherical plain bearings, there are spheres. The other ends of the spheres are connected to the side rollers through shafts;

[0015] The center rollers are assembled between the side rollers, and a return spring is installed between the center rollers and the side rollers. Several meshing ribs are arranged on the surfaces of the center rollers and the inner walls of the conveyor belt;

[0016] A drive motor is installed at the other end of the gantry. A pulley is arranged at the drive end of the drive motor. The conveyor belt is installed between the pulley and several center rollers. The pair of lifters are installed at the left and right ends below the gantry, and the lifting ends are connected to the lifting arms. The upper end parts of the lifting arms are in contact with the rotating shaft through movable semi-circular rotating sleeves. The upper end parts of the lifting arms are of elastic telescopic structure;

[0017] When the four sealing covers are opened to closed, they first descend and then merge. The opening width formed by the four sealing covers relative to each other is greater than the maximum width of the gantry, and the total length after merging and closing is less than the total length of the gantry;

[0018] In the end chutes of the left and right mounting plates, mounting blocks are installed in the chutes, and magnetic attraction blocks are pin-connected to the bottoms of the mounting blocks; the driving motor is installed on the mounting block, and the other end of the belt pulley is connected to the mounting block on the side opposite to the driving motor;

[0019] It further includes: a pair of electromagnets, the pair of electromagnets are arranged at one end of the lifting arm, and the pair of electromagnets can be magnetically attracted to the pair of magnetic attraction blocks.

[0020] Furthermore, the tail gas treatment device includes: a suction machine, a pipeline, a tail gas treatment tank, a spraying system, a plurality of activated carbon adsorption layers, and a discharge pipe;

[0021] The suction machine is installed at the bottom end of one of the sealing covers, the suction machine is communicated with the tail gas treatment tank through a pipeline, the plurality of activated carbon adsorption layers are equidistantly distributed in the tail gas treatment tank, and the spraying system is arranged inside the tail gas treatment tank;

[0022] A water storage tank is communicated with the bottom of the tail gas treatment tank, the spraying system includes: a plurality of spray nozzles, the plurality of spray nozzles are respectively arranged on each activated carbon adsorption layer of the tail gas treatment tank, and the plurality of spray nozzles are communicated with the water storage tank through a pipeline and a suction pump.

[0023] Furthermore, a filter screen is provided inside the water storage tank.

[0024] Furthermore, the diameter of the central roller is smaller than the diameter of the side rollers.

[0025] Furthermore, chamfer structures A are provided on the opposite wall surfaces of the side rollers.

[0026] Furthermore, chamfer structures B are provided on the left and right side wall surfaces of the conveyor belt.

[0027] Furthermore, the side rollers enter into the conveyor belt under the cooperation of the chamfer structure A and the chamfer structure B, and the meshing ribs between the conveyor belt and the central roller still remain in the meshing state.

[0028] A processing method for an electronic waste treatment device includes the following steps:

[0029] S1: Add chemical reagents into the soaking pool to prepare a soaking solution;

[0030] S2: Convey the electronic waste through the front conveyor and the electronic waste conveying structure, and evenly disperse it in the soaking pool;

[0031] S3: After the dispersion of the electronic waste is completed, control the lifting driver to merge the 4 sealing covers to seal the soaking pool;

[0032] S4: The gas generated inside is sucked into the tail gas treatment device for treatment and then discharged.

[0033] An electronic waste treatment device and process with tail gas treatment function made by using the technical solution of the present invention. In this technical solution, a tail gas treatment device is used to treat the tail gas generated by the soaked electronic waste, and a tail gas treatment structure is used to completely seal the soaking pool, so as to ensure that all harmful gases are absorbed and treated. Since the soaking pool is relatively large, a combined tail gas treatment structure is set. This technical solution also adds a salvage device and a material adding device, which makes it more convenient to take materials;

[0034] This technical solution at least also has the following technical effects:

[0035] 1. Considering that this is for the treatment of electronic waste, the size of the soaking pool is increased. After increasing the size of the soaking pool, since a sealing cover needs to be added above the soaking pool for the main body, and the volume of the sealing cover is relatively large, it is very inconvenient to replace and disassemble. Therefore, this case adds a sealing cover that can be opened and combined;

[0036] 2. This case also solves the technical problem of how to achieve the left and right dumping of electronic waste during normal transportation, rather than dumping all at the designated position;

[0037] 3. After the tail gas is generated, the suction machine pumps the tail gas into the tail gas treatment tank. After being sprayed by the spraying system, the particles mixed in the harmful gas will be adsorbed on the activated carbon adsorption layer. After being adsorbed by multiple activated carbon adsorption layers, the harmful particles in the tail gas are filtered, and after being adsorbed by multiple layers of activated carbon adsorption layers, the gas is discharged. Description of the Drawings

[0038] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic waste treatment device with tail gas treatment function according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 is a partial top view structural diagram of an electronic waste treatment device with tail gas treatment function according to the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the electronic waste conveying structure according to the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 is a partial structural diagram of the electronic waste conveying structure according to the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 is Figure 4 a partially enlarged structural diagram of;

[0043] Figure 6It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the relationship among the side rollers, central rollers, conveyor belt, chamfer structure A, and chamfer structure B of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 It is a schematic partial three-dimensional structure diagram of the relationship among the side rollers, central rollers, conveyor belt, chamfer structure A, and chamfer structure B of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 8 It is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the relationship between the chamfer structure A and the chamfer structure B of the present invention;

[0046] In the figure, 1 is a soaking pool; 2 is a guide rod; 3 is a guide sleeve; 4 is a sealing cover; 5 is a lifting driver; 6 is a sliding disc; 7 is a thruster; 8 is a sliding groove; 9 is a sliding body; 10 is a slideway; 11 is a front-end conveyor; 12 is a gantry; 13 is a mounting plate; 14 is a spherical bearing; 15 is a moving body; 16 is a central roller; 17 is a side roller; 18 is a conveyor belt; 19 is a lifter; 20 is a lifting arm; 21 is a chute; 22 is a sphere; 23 is a driving motor; 24 is a pulley; 25 is a mounting block; 26 is a magnetic attraction block; 27 is an electromagnet; 28 is a suction machine; 29 is a pipeline; 30 is a tail gas treatment tank; 31 is a spraying system; 32 is an activated carbon adsorption layer; 33 is a discharge pipe; 34 is a spraying nozzle; 35 is a chamfer structure A; 36 is a chamfer structure B. Detailed implementation mode

[0047] The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. As Figure 1-8 shown, an electronic waste treatment device and process with tail gas treatment function.

[0048] Embodiment 1

[0049] This technical solution provides an electronic waste treatment device based on wet treatment, that is, using strong acids and cyanides for soaking to extract precious metals such as gold and silver. This device can treat the tail gas generated after the electronic waste is soaked, so as to achieve an efficient and environmentally friendly processing method for electronic waste.

[0050] In this case, considering that it is for the treatment of electronic waste, the size of the soaking pool 1 is increased. After increasing the size of the soaking pool 1, since the sealing cover 4 needs to be added above the soaking pool 1, and due to the large volume of the sealing cover 4, it is very inconvenient to replace and disassemble it. Therefore, a sealing cover 4 that can be opened and combined is added in this case;

[0051] Specifically, a lifting drive 5 is provided on the roof support surface of the treatment chamber. The lifting drive 5 can drive the four sealing covers 4 to rise and fall. A sliding groove 8 is provided around the soaking pool 1. A sliding body 9 is provided inside the sliding groove 8. The guide rod 2 can slide along with the sliding body 9. The four sliding grooves 8 are relatively inclined, and a sliding disk 6 is arranged at the bottom of the lifting drive 5, so that the four sealing covers 4 can all be tilted and moved to be combined and opened. The specific tilting and sliding is achieved by a thruster 7 for power output;

[0052] Specifically, since the conveying batch of electronic waste is large and the area of the soaking pool 1 is also large, in order to make the materials evenly dispersed, a conveying structure is designed in this case. This conveying structure is spanned across the entire soaking pool 1 by a gantry 12. The core problem to be solved in this case is that since the gantry 12 is added to the soaking pool 1, when an integral sealing cover 4 descends, it will be blocked. Therefore, four sealing covers 4 that can be opened and combined are provided in this case. Specifically, the four sealing covers 4 are set to move relatively obliquely. When they are about to be combined, they will first pass through the gantry 12 and then be combined when the bottom of the sealing cover 4 contacts the bottom of the soaking pool 1, thus effectively solving the problems mentioned above;

[0053] And this case also needs to solve the technical problem of how to realize the left and right tilting of electronic waste during normal conveying of electronic waste, rather than all tilting at the designated position;

[0054] The specific solutions and working principles are as follows:

[0055] An existing front conveyor 11 is provided on one side of the soaking pool 1 so that it can convey electronic waste above the gantry 12. A conveyor roller that can be lifted at both left and right ends is provided on the gantry 12, and the drive motor 23 is also arranged in this way to cooperate with the lifting of both left and right sides;

[0056] Specifically, when the materials are conveyed onto the gantry 12, they will be driven by the drive motor 23 for the pulley 24. There is a conveyor belt 18 between the pulley 24 and several center rollers 16, so they are continuously conveyed through the conveyor belt 18. When the conveyor belt 18 is basically covered with electronic waste, the lifter 19 can be used to push any one of the lifting arms 20. The lifting arm 20 will lift one side roller 17, so that the overall "conveying structure" will be in an inclined state, and then vibrated by the vibrator on the side wall of the gantry 12, so that the materials slide into the soaking pool 1;

[0057] It should be emphasized that since one side roller 17 needs to be tilted, one end of one side roller 17 is cooperated with a spherical joint bearing 14 through a sphere 22, and a moving body 15 is added to realize the up and down sliding and movement;

[0058] Meanwhile, in the end chutes 21 of the left and right mounting plates 13, mounting blocks 25 are installed in the chutes 21, and magnetic attraction blocks 26 are pin-connected to the bottoms of the mounting blocks 25;

[0059] It further includes: a pair of electromagnets 27, the pair of electromagnets 27 are arranged at one end of the lifting arm 20, and the pair of electromagnets 27 can magnetically attract the pair of magnetic attraction blocks 26.

[0060] Considering that the drive motor 23 and the pulley 24 also need to tilt following the above structure, a mounting block 25 that can move up and down is provided. After the lifting arm 20 rises, the electromagnet 27 works to attract the magnetic attraction block 26. Since the bottom of the mounting block 25 is pin-connected to the magnetic attraction block 26, both the pulley 24 and the drive motor 23 can be tilted.

[0061] Meanwhile, considering that if a one-piece roller body is used, the damage to the roller body is relatively large when one side roller 17 needs to be tilted up and down repeatedly. The damage mainly comes from the fact that a vibrator is provided on one side of the gantry 12, and the long-term lifting and vibration cause the inner wall of the roller body to deform. Therefore, in this case, a combined roller body structure is provided. This roller body structure can realize left and right telescoping and is reset by the internal return spring.

[0062] When the four sealing covers 4 are opened to closed, they first descend and then merge. The opening formed by the four sealing covers 4 relative to each other is larger than the total width of the gantry 12, and the total length after merging and closing is less than the total length of the gantry 12.

[0063] Specifically, after the tail gas is generated, the suction machine 28 sucks the tail gas into the interior of the tail gas treatment tank 30. After being sprayed by the spraying system 31, the particles mixed in the harmful gas will be adsorbed on the activated carbon adsorption layer 32. Through the adsorption of multiple activated carbon adsorption layers 32, the filtration of harmful particles in the tail gas is realized. After being adsorbed by multiple activated carbon adsorption layers 32, the gas is discharged;

[0064] Specifically, the interior of the reservoir has a filter screen (not shown in the drawings).

[0065] Specifically, the diameter of the center roller 16 is smaller than the diameter of the side roller 17. Chamfer structures A35 are provided on the opposite wall surfaces of the side roller 17, and chamfer structures B36 are provided on the left and right side wall surfaces of the conveyor belt 18. The side roller 17 enters the conveyor belt 18 through the cooperation of the chamfer structure A35 and the chamfer structure B36, and the meshing ribs (not shown in the drawings) between the conveyor belt 18 and the center roller 16 remain in the meshing state.

[0066] It should be noted that when the side roller 17 compresses towards the middle, the side wall of the side roller 17 will enter into the conveyor belt 18. Therefore, the pre-contact parts of the conveyor belt 18 and the side roller 17 are all set in an inclined state, thereby increasing the smooth cooperation between the structures.

[0067] The above technical solutions only reflect the preferred technical solutions of the technical solutions of the present invention. Some changes that those skilled in the art in this technical field may make to some parts thereof all reflect the principles of the present invention and fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electronic waste treatment device with tail gas treatment function, including a soaking pool, a tail gas treatment structure is arranged above the soaking pool, and a waste conveying structure is arranged on the soaking pool, and it is characterized in that: The tail gas treatment structure includes: a support surface, four guide rods, four guide sleeves, four rectangular sealing covers, a lifting drive, a sliding disk, four thrusters and a tail gas treatment device; Four sliding grooves are arranged on one side of the soaking pool, sliding bodies are installed inside the sliding grooves, the bottoms of the guide rods are installed on the sliding bodies, the four sliding grooves are arranged in a relatively inclined direction, the lifting drive is installed on the upper support surface, and the bottom of the lifting drive is connected to the sliding disk. The sliding disk has four slideways with the same opening direction as the four sliding grooves. The upper end of the sealing cover can slide in the slideway, and the lower end is installed on the four guide rods through four guide sleeves. The four thrusters are located on one side of the sliding groove, and the piston ends are connected to the guide rods; Unconnected openings are arranged on the opposite walls and the bottom of the four sealing covers, and sealing strips are arranged at the edges of the openings; The waste conveying structure includes: a front conveyor, a gantry, left and right mounting plates, a number of joint bearings, a number of moving bodies, a number of center rollers, a number of side rollers, a conveyor belt, a pair of lifters, and a pair of lifting arms; The front conveyor is located on one side of the soaking pool, the gantry straddles the soaking pool, the left and right mounting plates are arranged on the gantry, sliding grooves are arranged on the opposite walls of the left and right mounting plates, the moving bodies are installed in the sliding grooves, the joint bearings are embedded in the sliding grooves, spheres are arranged inside the joint bearings, and the other ends of the spheres are connected to the side rollers through shafts; The center rollers are assembled between the side rollers, and a return spring is installed between the center rollers and the side rollers. A number of meshing ribs are arranged on the surfaces of the center rollers and the inner walls of the conveyor belt; A drive motor is installed at the other end of the gantry, a pulley is arranged at the drive end of the drive motor, the conveyor belt is installed between the pulley and a number of center rollers, the pair of lifters are installed at the left and right ends below the gantry, and the lifting ends are connected to the lifting arms. The upper end of the lifting arm contacts the rotating shaft through a movable semi-circular rotating sleeve, and the upper end of the lifting arm is an elastic telescopic structure; [[ID= ​ ​ 2. The electronic waste treatment device with tail gas treatment function according to claim 1, characterized in that, ​ The suction machine is installed at the bottom end of one of the sealing covers. The suction machine is communicated with the tail gas treatment tank through a pipeline. The several activated carbon adsorption layers are equidistantly distributed in the tail gas treatment tank, and the spraying system is arranged inside the tail gas treatment tank; A water storage tank is communicated with the bottom of the tail gas treatment tank. The spraying system includes: several spraying nozzles, and the several spraying nozzles are respectively arranged on each activated carbon adsorption layer of the tail gas treatment tank. The several spraying nozzles are communicated with the water storage tank through a pipeline and a suction pump.

3. The electronic waste treatment device with tail gas treatment function according to claim 2, wherein A filter screen is provided inside the water storage tank.

4. An electronic waste treatment device with a tail gas treatment function according to claim 3, characterized in that, The diameter of the central roller is smaller than that of the side rollers.

5. An electronic waste treatment device with a tail gas treatment function according to claim 4, characterized in that, Chamfer structures A are provided on the opposite wall surfaces of the side rollers.

6. An electronic waste treatment device with tail gas treatment function according to claim 5, characterized in that, Chamfer structures B are provided on the left and right side wall surfaces of the conveyor belt.

7. An electronic waste treatment device with tail gas treatment function according to claim 6, characterized in that, The side rollers enter into the conveyor belt through the cooperation of the chamfer structure A and the chamfer structure B, and the meshing ribs between the conveyor belt and the central roller still remain in the meshing state.

8. A processing method using the electronic waste processing device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1: Add chemical reagents into the soaking tank to prepare a soaking solution; S2: Convey the electronic waste through the front conveyor and the electronic waste conveying structure, and evenly disperse it in the soaking tank; S3: After the dispersion of the electronic waste is completed, control the lifting driver to merge the 4 sealing covers to seal the soaking tank; S4: The gas generated inside is sucked into the tail gas treatment equipment for treatment and then discharged.

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