Refrigerant-containing composition, use thereof, refrigerator having the same, and operation method of the refrigerator

Abstract

To solve the above problems, the present application provides a novel low-GWP mixed refrigerant. The present application provides a composition containing a refrigerant containing trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), trifluoroiodomethane (CF3I), 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf), and difluoromethane (R32).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to compositions containing refrigerants, their use, refrigerators having the compositions, and methods of operating the refrigerators. Background Technology

[0002] R410A is currently used as a refrigerant for household air conditioners and other applications. R410A is a two-component mixture of difluoromethane (CH2F2; HFC-32 or R32) and pentafluoroethane (C2HF5; HFC-125 or R125), and is an azeotropic-like composition.

[0003] However, R410A has a global warming potential (GWP) of 2088, and due to growing concerns about global warming, R32, with a GWP of 675, is being used more extensively.

[0004] Therefore, various low-GWP mixed refrigerants that can replace R410A have been proposed (Patent Document 1).

[0005] Existing technical documents

[0006] Patent documents

[0007] Patent Document 1: International Publication No. 2015 / 141678 Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem that the invention aims to solve

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide a novel low-GWP mixed refrigerant.

[0010] Technical solutions for solving technical problems

[0011] Item 1. A composition containing a refrigerant, wherein the refrigerant contains trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), trifluoroiodomethane (CF3I), 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propylene (R1234yf) and difluoromethane (R32).

[0012] Item 2. The composition as described in Item 1, wherein, based on the sum of HFO-1132(E), CF3I, R1234yf, and R32 in the above-mentioned refrigerant, with mass % of HFO-1132(E) as x, mass % of CF3I as y, mass % of R1234yf as z, and mass % of R32 as a (where 0 < a ≤ 29.2), in the three-component composition diagram where the sum of HFO-1132(E), CF3I, and R1234yf is (100 - a) mass %,

[0013] When 0 < a ≤ 7.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie within the area bounded by the lines AS, SB, BO, and OA that connect the following four points, or on the lines AS and SB (excluding points A and B).

[0014] Point A (-0.0167a) 2 -2.6115a+52.1,0.0167a 2 +1.6115a+47.9,0.0),

[0015] Point S(0.0042a) 2 -2.2866a+48.3,0.0023a 2 +0.8408a+26.0,-0.0065a 2 +0.4458a+25.7),

[0016] Point B (0.0088a) 2 -1.8471a+48.5,0.0,-0.0088a 2 +0.8471a+51.5) and

[0017] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0);

[0018] When 7.0 < a ≤ 17.3, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie within the area bounded by the lines AS, SB, BO, and OA that connect the following four points, or on the lines AS and SB (excluding points A and B).

[0019] Point A (-0.0423a) 2 -2.1749a+50.299,0.0423a 2 +1.1749a+49.701,0.0),

[0020] Point S(0.007a) 2 -2.3257a + 48.437, -0.0029a 2 +0.9539a +25.465, -0.0041a 2 +0.3718a+26.098),

[0021] Point B (0.0129a) 2 -1.857a+48.367,0.0,-0.0129a 2 +0.857a+51.633) and

[0022] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0);

[0023] When 17.3 < a ≤ 29.2, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie within the area bounded by the lines PA, AS, SB, BO, and OP that connect the following five points, or on the lines AS and SB (excluding points A and B).

[0024] Point P(0.0, 100.0 - a, 0.0),

[0025] Point A(0.0, 0.2556a) 2 -17.615a +310.95, -0.2556a 2 +16.615a-210.95),

[0026] Point S(0.0034a) 2 -0.8211a+23.493,0.1285a 2 -8.8263a+155.32, -0.1319a 2 +8.6474a-78.813),

[0027] Point B (0.0113a) 2 -1.8198a+48.199,0.0,-0.0113a 2 +0.8198a+51.801) and

[0028] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0).

[0029] Item 3. The composition as described in Item 1, wherein, based on the sum of HFO-1132(E), CF3I, R1234yf, and R32 in the above-mentioned refrigerant, with mass % of HFO-1132(E) as x, mass % of CF3I as y, mass % of R1234yf as z, and mass % of R32 as a (where 0 < a ≤ 29.2), in the three-component composition diagram where the sum of HFO-1132(E), CF3I, and R1234yf is (100 - a) mass %,

[0030] When 0 < a ≤ 17.3, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie within the area bounded by the lines CW, WD, DO, and OC that connect the following four points, or on the lines CW and WD (excluding points C and D).

[0031] Point C (-0.0027a) 2 -2.3528a+82.9,0.0027a 2 +1.3528a+17.1,0.0),

[0032] Point W(0.0045a) 2-2.2743a+81.5,0.0033a 2 +0.7052a+8.9,-0.0078a 2 +0.5692a+9.6),

[0033] Point D(0.0151a) 2 -2.1344a+80.8,0.0.-0.0151a 2 +1.1344a+19.2),

[0034] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0);

[0035] When 17.3 < a ≤ 33.1, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie within the area bounded by the lines CW, WD, DO, and OC that connect the following four points, or on the lines CW and WD (excluding points C and D).

[0036] Point C (-0.0136a) 2 -1.9352a+78.947,0.0136a 2 +0.9352a+21.053,0.0),

[0037] Point W(0.0045a) 2 -2.2651a+81.337,0.0009a 2 +0.765a +8.598, -0.0054a 2 +0.5001a+10.065),

[0038] Point D(0.0094a) 2 -1.923a+78.855,0.0.-0.0094a 2 +0.923a+21.145),

[0039] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0);

[0040] When 33.1 < a ≤ 33.3, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie within the area bounded by the lines CW, WD, DO, OP, and PC that connect the following five points, or on the lines CW and WD (excluding points C and D).

[0041] Point C(0.0, -7.5a + 315.15.053, 6.5a - 215.15),

[0042] Point W (0.5a-5.25,-5.0a+200.4,3.5a-95.15),

[0043] Point D(-1.5a+75.15,0.0.0.5a+24.85),

[0044] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0),

[0045] Point P(0.0, 100.0, 0.0);

[0046] When 33.3 < a ≤ 51.6, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie within the area bounded by the lines CW, WD, DO, OP, and PC that connect the following five points, or on the lines CW and WD (excluding points C and D).

[0047] Point C(0.0, 0.0795a) 2 -9.8365a +304.81, -0.0795a 2 +8.8365a-204.81),

[0048] Point W(-0.00783a) 2 +0.1576a+14.848,0.05178a 2 -6.0017a +176.35, -0.04392a 2 +4.8441a-91.2),

[0049] Point D(0.00837a) 2 -1.8518a+77.595,0.0.-0.00837a 2 +0.8518a+22.405),

[0050] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0),

[0051] Point P(0.0, 100.0, 0.0)).

[0052] Item 4. The composition of any one of items 1 to 3, wherein the refrigerant further contains trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123).

[0053] Item 5. The composition as described in Item 4, wherein, in the refrigerant, based on the sum of HFO-1123, HFO-1132(E), CF3I, R1234yf, and R32, let the total mass % of HFO-1123 and HFO-1132(E) be x, the mass % of CF3I be y, the mass % of R1234yf be z, and the mass % of R32 be a (where 0 < a ≤ 29.2) and r = HFO-1123 / (HFO-1123 + HFO-1132(E)) (where 0 < r < 1), in the three-component composition diagram with the total of HFO-1123 and HFO-1132(E) as the first vertex, CF3I as the second vertex, and R1234yf as the third vertex,

[0054] When 0 < a ≤ 7.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie on the straight line A formed by connecting the following four points. r S r S r B r B r Within the area enclosed by O and OA, or the aforementioned line A r S r and S r B r Above (excluding point A) r and point B r ),

[0055] Point A r ((0.0192a 2 -0.3057a+8.8)r 2 +(0.0178a 2 +0.7898a-29.4)r+(-0.0167a 2 -2.6115a+52.1),(-0.0192a 2 +0.3057a-8.8)r 2 -(0.0178a) 2 +0.7898a-29.4)r+(0.0167a 2 +1.6115a+47.9),0.0),

[0056] Point S r ((0.022a 2 -0.4968a+6.6)r 2 +(-0.0059a 2 +0.8981a-19.9)r+(0.0042a 2 -2.2866a+48.3)),(-0.0105a 2+0.2166a-3.4)r 2 +(-0.0123a 2 -0.414a+13.9)r+(0.0023a) 2 +0.8408a+26.0),(-0.0115a 2 +0.2803a-3.2)r 2 +(0.0181a 2 -0.4841a+6.0)r+(-0.0066a) 2 +0.4459a+25.7)),

[0057] Point B r ((-0.0021a 2 -0.3567a+6.2)r 2 +(0.0013a 2 +0.6624a-11.7)r+(0.0088a 2 -1.8471a+48.5), 0.0, (0.0021a) 2 +0.3567a-6.2)r 2 -(0.0013a) 2 +0.6624a-11.7)r+(-0.0088a 2 +0.8471a+51.5)) and

[0058] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0);

[0059] When 7.0 < a ≤ 17.3, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie on line A, which connects the following four points. r S r S r B r B r Within the area enclosed by O and OA, or the aforementioned line A r S r and S r B r Above (excluding point A) r and point B r ),

[0060] Point A r ((-0.0774a 2 +1.142a+3.3965)r 2 +(0.1316a 2 -0.965a-22.694)r+(-0.0423a 2 -2.1749a+50.299),(0.0774a2 -1.142a-3.3965)r 2 -(0.1316a) 2 -0.965a-22.694)r+(0.0423a 2 +1.1749a+49.701),0.0),

[0061] Point S r ((0.0219a 2 -0.901a+10.434)r 2 +(-0.0265a 2 +1.7025a-26.018)r+(0.0136a 2 -2.5337a+50.071),(-0.0157a 2 +0.4991a-5.1221)r 2 +(0.012a 2 -0.9332a+16.343)r+(-0.0029a 2 +0.9539a+25.465),(0.007a 2 -0.014a-2.0437)r 2 +(-0.0052a 2 -0.1454a+4.7729)r+(-0.0041a 2 +0.3719a+26.099)),

[0062] Point B r ((0.0114a 2 -0.5683a+7.0195)r 2 +(-0.0183a 2 +0.9587a-12.815)r+(0.0129a 2 -1.857a+48.367),0.0,(-0.0114a 2 +0.5683a-7.0195)r 2 +(0.0183a 2 -0.9587a+12.815)r+(-0.0129a 2 +0.857a+51.633)) and

[0063] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0);

[0064] When 17.3 < a ≤ 29.2, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie on the straight line PA formed by connecting the following 5 points. r A r Sr S r B r B r Within the area enclosed by O and OP, or the aforementioned line A r S r and S r B r Above (excluding point A) r and point B r ),

[0065] Point P(0.0, 100.0 - a, 0.0),

[0066] Point A r (0.0, 0.2556a) 2 -17.615a +310.95, -0.2556a 2 +16.615a-210.95),

[0067] Point S r ((0.0141a 2 -0.7748a+10.574)r 2 +(-0.036a 2 +2.0515a-29.22)r+(0.0034a 2 -0.8211a+23.493),(-0.0104a 2 +0.5843a-8.1967)r 2 +(0.0289a 2 -1.6641a+23.933)r+(0.1285a 2 -8.8263a+155.32),(-0.0037a 2 +0.1905a-2.3774)r 2 +(0.0071a 2 -0.3874a+5.2871)r+(-0.1319a 2 +8.6474a-78.814))

[0068] Point B r ((-0.0008a 2 -0.0129a+1.0643)r 2 +(-0.0077a 2 +0.5019a-8.0723)r+(0.0113a 2 -1.8198a+48.199),0.0,(0.0008a 2 +0.0129a-1.0643)r 2+(0.0077a 2 -0.5019a+8.0723)r+(-0.0113a 2 +0.8198a+51.801)) and

[0069] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0).

[0070] Item 6. The composition as described in Item 4, wherein, in the refrigerant, based on the sum of HFO-1123, HFO-1132(E), CF3I, R1234yf, and R32, let the total mass % of HFO-1123 and HFO-1132(E) be x, the mass % of CF3I be y, the mass % of R1234yf be z, and the mass % of R32 be a (where 0 < a ≤ 29.2) and r = HFO-1123 / (HFO-1123 + HFO-1132(E)) (where 0 < r < 1), in the three-component composition diagram with the total of HFO-1123 and HFO-1132(E) as the first vertex, CF3I as the second vertex, and R1234yf as the third vertex,

[0071] When 0 < a ≤ 17.3, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie on the straight line C formed by connecting the following four points. r W r W r D r D r O and OC r Within the area enclosed by the figure or the aforementioned line C r W r and W r D r Above (excluding point C) r and D r ),

[0072] Point C r ((-0.0031a 2 -0.2355a+13.0)r 2 +(0.0213a 2 +0.5511a-41.9)r+(-0.0027a 2 -2.3528a+82.9),(0.0031a 2 +0.2355a-13.0)r 2 +(-0.0213a 2 -0.5511a+41.9)r+(0.0027a 2 +1.3528a+17.1),0.0),

[0073] Point Wr ((0.0184a 2 -0.7005a+14.2)r 2 +(-0.009a 2 +1.0629a-37.3)r+(0.0045a 2 -2.2743a+81.5),(-0.0536a 2 +0.6606a-6.0)r 2 +(0.0421a 2 -0.7805a+22.2)r+(0.0033a 2 +0.7052a+8.9),(0.0351a 2 +0.0399a-8.2)r 2 +(-0.0331a 2 -0.2824a+15.1)r+(-0.0078a) 2 +0.5692a+9.6)),

[0074] Point D r ((0.0154a 2 -0.8793a+16.2)r 2 +(-0.0191a 2 +1.3765a-30.1)r+(0.0151a 2 -2.1344a+80.8),0.0.(-0.0154a 2 +0.8793a-16.2)r 2 +(0.0191a 2 -1.3765a+30.1)r+(-0.01529a 2 +1.1344a+19.2)),

[0075] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0);

[0076] When 17.3 < a ≤ 33.1, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie on the straight line C formed by connecting the following four points. r W r W r D r D r O and OC r Within the area enclosed by the figure or the aforementioned line C r W r and W r D r Above (excluding point C) r and D r ),

[0077] Point C r ((-0.01728a 2 +0.3644a+6.8668)r 2 +(0.0335a 2 -0.0444a-35.267)r+(-0.0136a 2 -1.9352a+78.947),(0.01728a 2 -0.3644a-6.8668)r 2 +(-0.0335a 2 +0.0444a+35.267)r+(0.0136a 2 +0.9352a+21.053),0.0

[0078] Point W r ((0.02317a 2 -1.5719a+27.864)r 2 +(-0.0219a 2 +2.1686a-52.553)r+(0.0045a 2 -2.2651a+81.337),(-0.0963a 2 +5.4972a-76.891)r 2 +(0.0922a 2 -5.8047a+94.129)r+(0.0009a 2 +0.765a+8.598),(0.07312a 2 -3.9253a+49.027)r 2 +(-0.0703a 2 +3.6361a-41.576)r+(-0.0054a 2 +0.5001a+10.065))

[0079] Point D r ((0.01078a 2 -0.8205a+16.576)r 2 +(-0.0156a 2 +1.3436a-30.573)r+(0.0094a 2 -1.923a+78.855),0.0.(-0.01078a 2 +0.8205a-16.576)r 2 +(0.0156a 2-1.3436a+30.573)r+(-0.0094a 2 +0.923a+21.145)),

[0080] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0);

[0081] When 33.1 < a ≤ 33.3, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie on the straight line CW formed by connecting the following 5 points. r W r D r D r Within the area bounded by O, OP, and PC, or the aforementioned line CW r and W r D r Above (excluding points C and D) r ),

[0082] Point C(0.0, -7.5a + 315.15.053, 6.5a - 215.15),

[0083] Point W r ((6.0a-197.4)r 2 +(-6.0a+193.8)r+(0.5a-5.25),(-20.0a+661.6)r 2 +(20.0a-659.0)r+(-5.0a+200.4),(14.0a-464.2)r 2 +(-14.0a+465.2)r+(3.5a-95.15)),

[0084] Point D r ((-a+34.3)r 2 +(1.5a-52.85)r+(-1.5a+75.15),0.0,(a-34.3)r 2 +(-1.5a+52.85)r+(0.5a+24.85)),

[0085] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0),

[0086] Point P(0.0, 100.0, 0.0);

[0087] When 33.3 < a ≤ 51.6, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie on the straight line CW formed by connecting the following 5 points. r W r D r D r Within the area bounded by O, OP, and PC, or the aforementioned line CW r and Wr D r Above (excluding points C and D) r ),

[0088] Point C(0.0, -7.5a + 315.15.053, 6.5a - 215.15),

[0089] Point W r (0.0073a 2 -0.7541a+19.376)r 2 +(-0.0183a 2 +1.8853a-48.44)r+(-0.00784a 2 +0.1576a+14.848),(-0.02246a 2 +2.1482a-51.018)r 2 +(0.03082-3.0a+72.712)r+(0.05178a 2 -6.0017a+176.35),(0.01513a 2 -1.3941a+31.642)r 2 +(-0.0125a 2 +1.1146a-24.273)r+(-0.04392a 2 +4.8441a-91.2))

[0090] Point D r ((0.0002a 2 -0.0706a+3.143)r 2 +(-0.005a 2 +0.5806a-16.671)r+(0.00836a 2 -1.8518a+77.595),0.0,(-0.0002a 2 +0.0706a-3.143)r 2 +(0.005a 2 -0.5806a+16.671)r+(-0.00836a 2 +0.8518a+22.405)),

[0091] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0),

[0092] Point P(0.0, 100.0, 0.0)).

[0093] Item 7. The composition of any one of items 1 to 6, further comprising refrigeration oil, wherein the composition is used as a working fluid for a refrigeration unit.

[0094] Item 8. The composition of any one of items 1 to 7, which is used as an alternative refrigerant to R410A.

[0095] Item 9. Use of the composition of any one of items 1 to 7 as an alternative refrigerant to R410A.

[0096] Item 10. A refrigeration machine comprising the composition of any one of items 1 to 7 as the working fluid.

[0097] Item 11. A method of operating a refrigeration machine, comprising the step of using the composition described in any one of items 1 to 7 as a working fluid and circulating it in the refrigeration machine.

[0098] Invention Effects

[0099] The refrigerant of this invention has a low GWP. Attached Figure Description

[0100] Figure 1 It is a diagram representing a triangular composition with HFO-1132(E), CF3I and R1234yf as vertices, and the sum of these components being 100% by mass (R32 contains 0% by mass).

[0101] Figure 2 It is a diagram representing a triangular composition with HFO-1132(E), CF3I and R1234yf as vertices, and the sum of these components is 93% by mass (R32 contains 7% by mass).

[0102] Figure 3 It is a diagram representing a triangular composition with HFO-1132(E), CF3I and R1234yf as vertices, and the sum of these components is 82.7% by mass (R32 contains 17.3% by mass).

[0103] Figure 4 It is a diagram representing a triangular composition with HFO-1132(E), CF3I and R1234yf as vertices, and the sum of these components is 78.4% by mass (R32 contains 21.8% by mass).

[0104] Figure 5 It is a diagram representing a triangular composition with HFO-1132(E), CF3I and R1234yf as vertices, and the sum of these components is 66.9% by mass (R32 contains 33.1% by mass).

[0105] Figure 6It is a diagram representing a triangular composition with HFO-1132(E), CF3I and R1234yf as vertices, and the sum of these components is 66.7% by mass (R32 contains 33.3% by mass).

[0106] Figure 7 It is a diagram representing a triangular composition with HFO-1132(E), CF3I and R1234yf as vertices, and the sum of these components is 56% (R32 contains 44% by mass).

[0107] Figure 8 It is a diagram representing a triangular composition with HFO-1132(E), CF3I and R1234yf as vertices, and the sum of these components is 48.4% (R32 contains 51.6% by mass).

[0108] Figure 9 It is a diagram representing a triangular composition with the sum of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1123 as the first vertex, CF3I and R1234yf as the second and third vertices respectively, and the sum of these components being 100% by mass (R32 contains 0% by mass).

[0109] Figure 10 It is a diagram representing a triangular composition with the sum of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1123 as the first vertex, CF3I and R1234yf as the second and third vertices respectively, and the sum of these components is 93% by mass (R32 contains 7% by mass).

[0110] Figure 11 This is a diagram showing a triangular composition with the sum of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1123 as the first vertex, CF3I and R1234yf as the second and third vertices respectively, and the total of these components being 82.7% by mass (R32 is contained in 17.3% by mass).

[0111] Figure 12 This is a diagram representing a triangular composition with the sum of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1123 as the first vertex, CF3I and R1234yf as the second and third vertices respectively, and the total of these components being 78.2% by mass (R32 is contained in 21.8% by mass).

[0112] Figure 13 It is a diagram representing a triangular composition with the sum of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1123 as the first vertex, CF3I and R1234yf as the second and third vertices respectively, and the sum of these components is 66.9% by mass (R32 contains 33.1% by mass).

[0113] Figure 14 This is a diagram showing a triangular composition with the sum of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1123 as the first vertex, CF3I and R1234yf as the second and third vertices respectively, and the total mass percentage of these components being 66.7% (R32 is contained in 33.3% mass percentage).

[0114] Figure 15 This is a diagram showing a triangular composition with the sum of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1123 as the first vertex, CF3I and R1234yf as the second and third vertices respectively, and the total of these components being 56% (R32 contains 44% by mass).

[0115] Figure 16 This is a diagram showing a triangular composition with the sum of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1123 as the first vertex, CF3I and R1234yf as the second and third vertices respectively, and the total of these components being 48.4% (R32 contains 51.6% by mass). Detailed Implementation

[0116] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the inventors of the present invention conducted careful research and found that the mixed refrigerant containing HFO-1132(E), CF3I, R1234yf and R32 has the above-mentioned characteristics.

[0117] This invention is the result of further and repeated research based on the above insights. The invention includes the following embodiments.

[0118] <Definition of Terms>

[0119] In this specification, the term "refrigerant" includes at least compounds bearing a refrigerant number (ASHRAE number) beginning with "R" as specified by ISO 817 (International Organization for Standardization) to indicate the type of refrigerant, and also includes substances that, although not bearing a refrigerant number, possess equivalent refrigerant properties. From a structural perspective, refrigerants are broadly classified into "fluorinated hydrocarbon compounds" and "non-fluorinated hydrocarbon compounds." "Fluorinated hydrocarbon compounds" include chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). Examples of "non-fluorinated hydrocarbon compounds" include propane (R290), propylene (R1270), butane (R600), isobutane (R600a), carbon dioxide (R744), and ammonia (R717).

[0120] In this specification, the term "composition containing refrigerant" includes at least: (1) the refrigerant itself (including mixtures of refrigerants); (2) a composition that also contains other components and is capable of being used to obtain a working fluid for refrigeration machines by mixing with at least refrigeration oil; and (3) a working fluid for refrigeration machines containing refrigeration oil. In this specification, in these three ways, the composition of (2) is distinguished from the refrigerant itself (including mixtures of refrigerants) and is described as a "refrigerant composition." Furthermore, the working fluid for refrigeration machines of (3) is distinguished from the "refrigerant composition" and is described as a "working fluid containing refrigeration oil."

[0121] In this specification, the term "replacement" is used in the context of "replacing" the first refrigerant with the second refrigerant. As a first type, it refers to a situation where, in equipment designed to operate using the first refrigerant, the second refrigerant can be used to operate under optimal conditions by making only minor changes to a few components (refrigeration oil, gaskets, packing, expansion valves, dryers, and at least one of other components) and equipment adjustments. That is, this type refers to "replacing" the refrigerant to operate the same equipment. As for this type of "replacement," depending on the degree of change or adjustment required when replacing with the second refrigerant, the methods can be, in ascending order of severity, "drop-in replacement," "near-drop-in replacement," and "retrofit."

[0122] As a second type, the use of a second refrigerant for the purpose of using equipment designed to operate with a second refrigerant for the same purpose as the existing use of the first refrigerant also falls under the term "substitution." This type refers to "substituting" a refrigerant to provide the same purpose.

[0123] In this specification, the term "refrigeration machine" refers to any device that removes heat from an object or space, bringing it to a temperature lower than that of the surrounding external air, and maintains that low temperature. In other words, a refrigeration machine is an energy conversion device that converts energy by moving heat from a lower temperature to a higher temperature, thereby obtaining energy from the outside and performing work.

[0124] 1. refrigerant

[0125] 1.1 Refrigerant composition

[0126] The refrigerant of the present invention contains HFO-1132(E), CF3I, R1234yf, and R32.

[0127] The refrigerant of this invention is a low-GWP mixed refrigerant.

[0128] The refrigerant of the present invention preferably satisfies the following condition. At this point, the refrigerant of the present invention has a refrigeration capacity of 75% or more based on R410A.

[0129] <Conditions>

[0130] Based on the sum of HFO-1132(E), CF3I, R1234yf, and R32, let the mass percentage of HFO-1132(E) be x, the mass percentage of CF3I be y, the mass percentage of R1234yf be z, and the mass percentage of R32 be a (where 0 < a ≤ 29.2), in the three-component composition diagram where the sum of HFO-1132(E), CF3I, and R1234yf is (100 - a) mass percentage,

[0131] When 0 < a ≤ 7.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie within the area bounded by the lines AS, SB, BO, and OA that connect the following four points, or on the lines AS and SB (excluding points A and B).

[0132] Point A (-0.0167a) 2 -2.6115a+52.1,0.0167a 2 +1.6115a+47.9,0.0),

[0133] Point S(0.0042a) 2 -2.2866a+48.3,0.0023a 2 +0.8408a+26.0,-0.0065a 2 +0.4458a+25.7),

[0134] Point B (0.0088a) 2 -1.8471a+48.5,0.0,-0.0088a 2 +0.8471a+51.5) and point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0);

[0135] When 7.0 < a ≤ 17.3, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie within the area bounded by the lines AS, SB, BO, and OA that connect the following four points, or on the lines AS and SB (excluding points A and B).

[0136] Point A (-0.0423a) 2 -2.1749a+50.299,0.0423a 2 +1.1749a+49.701,0.0),

[0137] Point S(0.007a) 2-2.3257a + 48.437, -0.0029a 2 +0.9539a +25.465, -0.0041a 2 +0.3718a+26.098),

[0138] Point B (0.0129a) 2 -1.857a+48.367,0.0,-0.0129a 2 +0.857a+51.633) and

[0139] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0);

[0140] When 17.3 < a ≤ 29.2, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie within the area bounded by the lines PA, AS, SB, BO, and OP that connect the following five points, or on the lines AS and SB (excluding points A and B).

[0141] Point P(0.0, 100.0 - a, 0.0),

[0142] Point A(0.0, 0.2556a) 2 -17.615a +310.95, -0.2556a 2 +16.615a-210.95),

[0143] Point S(0.0034a) 2 -0.8211a+23.493,0.1285a 2 -8.8263a+155.32, -0.1319a 2 +8.6474a-78.813),

[0144] Point B (0.0113a) 2 -1.8198a+48.199,0.0,-0.0113a 2 +0.8198a+51.801) and

[0145] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0).

[0146] The refrigerant of the present invention more preferably satisfies the following condition. In this case, the refrigerant of the present invention has a refrigeration capacity of 90% or more based on R410A.

[0147] <Conditions>

[0148] In the above refrigerant, taking the sum of HFO-1132(E), CF3I, R1234yf, and R32 as the baseline, let the mass percentage of HFO-1132(E) be x, the mass percentage of CF3I be y, the mass percentage of R1234yf be z, and the mass percentage of R32 be a (where 0 < a ≤ 29.2), in the three-component composition diagram where the sum of HFO-1132(E), CF3I, and R1234yf is (100 - a) mass percentage,

[0149] When 0 < a ≤ 17.3, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie within the area bounded by the lines CW, WD, DO, and OC that connect the following four points, or on the lines CW and WD (excluding points C and D).

[0150] Point C (-0.0027a) 2 -2.3528a+82.9,0.0027a 2 +1.3528a+17.1,0.0),

[0151] Point W(0.0045a) 2 -2.2743a+81.5,0.0033a 2 +0.7052a+8.9,-0.0078a 2 +0.5692a+9.6),

[0152] Point D(0.0151a) 2 -2.1344a+80.8,0.0.-0.0151a 2 +1.1344a+19.2),

[0153] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0);

[0154] When 17.3 < a ≤ 33.1, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie within the area bounded by the lines CW, WD, DO, and OC that connect the following four points, or on the lines CW and WD (excluding points C and D).

[0155] Point C (-0.0136a) 2 -1.9352a+78.947,0.0136a 2 +0.9352a+21.053,0.0),

[0156] Point W(0.0045a) 2 -2.2651a+81.337,0.0009a 2 +0.765a +8.598, -0.0054a 2+0.5001a+10.065),

[0157] Point D(0.0094a) 2 -1.923a+78.855,0.0.-0.0094a 2 +0.923a+21.145),

[0158] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0);

[0159] When 33.1 < a ≤ 33.3, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie within the area bounded by the lines CW, WD, DO, OP, and PC that connect the following five points, or on the lines CW and WD (excluding points C and D).

[0160] Point C(0.0, -7.5a + 315.15.053, 6.5a - 215.15),

[0161] Point W (0.5a-5.25,-5.0a+200.4,3.5a-95.15),

[0162] Point D(-1.5a+75.15,0.0.0.5a+24.85),

[0163] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0),

[0164] Point P(0.0, 100.0, 0.0);

[0165] When 33.3 < a ≤ 51.6, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie within the area bounded by the lines CW, WD, DO, OP, and PC that connect the following five points, or on the lines CW and WD (excluding points C and D).

[0166] Point C(0.0, 0.0795a) 2 -9.8365a +304.81, -0.0795a 2 +8.8365a-204.81),

[0167] Point W(-0.00783a) 2 +0.1576a+14.848,0.05178a 2 -6.0017a +176.35, -0.04392a 2 +4.8441a-91.2),

[0168] Point D(0.00837a) 2 -1.8518a+77.595,0.0.-0.00837a2 +0.8518a+22.405),

[0169] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0),

[0170] Point P(0.0, 100.0, 0.0)).

[0171] In the refrigerant described above, from the viewpoint of preventing disproportionation and the viewpoint of refrigeration capacity, x is preferably 10% by weight or more and 70% by weight or less, more preferably 15% by weight or more and 60% by weight or less, and even more preferably 17.5% by weight or more and 50% by weight or less.

[0172] In the above-mentioned refrigerant, from the viewpoint of preventing the deterioration of refrigeration oil and low GWP, y is preferably 10% to 60% by weight, more preferably 15% to 50% by weight, and even more preferably 20% to 40% by weight.

[0173] Of the refrigerants mentioned above, from the viewpoint of low GWP and refrigeration capacity, a is preferably 2.5% by weight or more and 29.2% by weight or less (GWP 200 or less), more preferably 5.0% by weight or more and 25.5% by weight or less (GWP 175), and even more preferably 7.5% by weight or more and 21.8% by weight or less (GWP 150).

[0174] The refrigerant of the present invention may also contain trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123).

[0175] When HFO-1123 is also present, the refrigerant of the present invention preferably satisfies the following condition. In this case, the refrigerant of the present invention has a refrigeration capacity of 75% or more based on R410A.

[0176] <Conditions>

[0177] Based on the sum of HFO-1123, HFO-1132(E), CF3I, R1234yf, and R32, let the total mass% of HFO-1123 and HFO-1132(E) be x, the mass% of CF3I be y, the mass% of R1234yf be z, and the mass% of R32 be a (where 0 < a ≤ 29.2) and r = HFO-1123 / (HFO-1123 + HFO-1132(E)) (where 0 < r < 1), in a three-component graph with the sum of HFO-1123 and HFO-1132(E) as the first vertex, CF3I as the second vertex, and R1234yf as the third vertex,

[0178] When 0 < a ≤ 7.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie on the straight line A formed by connecting the following four points.r S r S r B r B r Within the area enclosed by O and OA, or the aforementioned line A r S r and S r B r Above (excluding point A) r and point B r ),

[0179] Point A r ((0.0192a 2 -0.3057a+8.8)r 2 +(0.0178a 2 +0.7898a-29.4)r+(-0.0167a 2 -2.6115a+52.1),(-0.0192a 2 +0.3057a-8.8)r 2 -(0.0178a) 2 +0.7898a-29.4)r+(0.0167a 2 +1.6115a+47.9),0.0),

[0180] Point S r ((0.022a 2 -0.4968a+6.6)r 2 +(-0.0059a 2 +0.8981a-19.9)r+(0.0042a 2 -2.2866a+48.3)),(-0.0105a 2 +0.2166a-3.4)r 2 +(-0.0123a 2 -0.414a+13.9)r+(0.0023a) 2 +0.8408a+26.0),(-0.0115a 2 +0.2803a-3.2)r 2 +(0.0181a 2 -0.4841a+6.0)r+(-0.0066a) 2 +0.4459a+25.7)),

[0181] Point B r ((-0.0021a 2 -0.3567a+6.2)r 2 +(0.0013a 2+0.6624a-11.7)r+(0.0088a 2 -1.8471a+48.5), 0.0, (0.0021a) 2 +0.3567a-6.2)r 2 -(0.0013a) 2 +0.6624a-11.7)r+(-0.0088a 2 +0.8471a+51.5)) and

[0182] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0);

[0183] When 7.0 < a ≤ 17.3, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie on line A, which connects the following four points. r S r S r B r B r Within the area enclosed by O and OA, or the aforementioned line A r S r and S r B r Above (excluding point A) r and point B r ),

[0184] Point A r ((-0.0774a 2 +1.142a+3.3965)r 2 +(0.1316a 2 -0.965a-22.694)r+(-0.0423a 2 -2.1749a+50.299),(0.0774a 2 -1.142a-3.3965)r 2 -(0.1316a) 2 -0.965a-22.694)r+(0.0423a 2 +1.1749a+49.701),0.0),

[0185] Point S r ((0.0219a 2 -0.901a+10.434)r 2 +(-0.0265a 2 +1.7025a-26.018)r+(0.0136a 2 -2.5337a+50.071),(-0.0157a 2 +0.4991a-5.1221)r2 +(0.012a 2 -0.9332a+16.343)r+(-0.0029a 2 +0.9539a+25.465),(0.007a 2 -0.014a-2.0437)r 2 +(-0.0052a 2 -0.1454a+4.7729)r+(-0.0041a 2 +0.3719a+26.099)),

[0186] Point B r ((0.0114a 2 -0.5683a+7.0195)r 2 +(-0.0183a 2 +0.9587a-12.815)r+(0.0129a 2 -1.857a+48.367),0.0,(-0.0114a 2 +0.5683a-7.0195)r 2 +(0.0183a 2 -0.9587a+12.815)r+(-0.0129a 2 +0.857a+51.633)) and

[0187] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0);

[0188] When 17.3 < a ≤ 29.2, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie on the straight line PA formed by connecting the following 5 points. r A r S r S r B r B r Within the area enclosed by O and OP, or the aforementioned line A r S r and S r B r Above (excluding point A) r and point B r ),

[0189] Point P(0.0, 100.0 - a, 0.0),

[0190] Point A r (0.0, 0.2556a) 2 -17.615a +310.95, -0.2556a 2+16.615a-210.95),

[0191] Point S r ((0.0141a 2 -0.7748a+10.574)r 2 +(-0.036a 2 +2.0515a-29.22)r+(0.0034a 2 -0.8211a+23.493),(-0.0104a 2 +0.5843a-8.1967)r 2 +(0.0289a 2 -1.6641a+23.933)r+(0.1285a 2 -8.8263a+155.32),(-0.0037a 2 +0.1905a-2.3774)r 2 +(0.0071a 2 -0.3874a+5.2871)r+(-0.1319a 2 +8.6474a-78.814))

[0192] Point B r ((-0.0008a 2 -0.0129a+1.0643)r 2 +(-0.0077a 2 +0.5019a-8.0723)r+(0.0113a 2 -1.8198a+48.199),0.0,(0.0008a 2 +0.0129a-1.0643)r 2 +(0.0077a 2 -0.5019a+8.0723)r+(-0.0113a 2 +0.8198a+51.801)) and

[0193] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0).

[0194] When the refrigerant of the present invention also contains HFO-1123, it is more preferable to satisfy the following condition. In this case, the refrigeration capacity ratio of the refrigerant of the present invention based on R410A is 90% or more.

[0195] <Conditions>

[0196] In the above refrigerants, taking the sum of HFO-1123, HFO-1132(E), CF3I, R1234yf, and R32 as the baseline, let the total mass percentage of HFO-1123 and HFO-1132(E) be x, the mass percentage of CF3I be y, the mass percentage of R1234yf be z, and the mass percentage of R32 be a (where 0 < a ≤ 29.2) and r = HFO-1123 / (HFO-1123 + HFO-1132(E)) (where 0 < r < 1), in the three-component composition diagram with the total of HFO-1123 and HFO-1132(E) as the first vertex, CF3I as the second vertex, and R1234yf as the third vertex,

[0197] When 0 < a ≤ 17.3, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie on the straight line C formed by connecting the following four points. r W r W r D r D r O and OC r Within the area enclosed by the figure or the aforementioned line C r W r and W r D r Above (excluding point C) r and D r ),

[0198] Point C r ((-0.0031a 2 -0.2355a+13.0)r 2 +(0.0213a 2 +0.5511a-41.9)r+(-0.0027a 2 -2.3528a+82.9),(0.0031a 2 +0.2355a-13.0)r 2 +(-0.0213a 2 -0.5511a+41.9)r+(0.0027a 2 +1.3528a+17.1),0.0),

[0199] Point W r ((0.0184a 2 -0.7005a+14.2)r 2 +(-0.009a 2 +1.0629a-37.3)r+(0.0045a 2 -2.2743a+81.5),(-0.0536a 2+0.6606a-6.0)r 2 +(0.0421a 2 -0.7805a+22.2)r+(0.0033a 2 +0.7052a+8.9),(0.0351a 2 +0.0399a-8.2)r 2 +(-0.0331a 2 -0.2824a+15.1)r+(-0.0078a) 2 +0.5692a+9.6)),

[0200] Point D r ((0.0154a 2 -0.8793a+16.2)r 2 +(-0.0191a 2 +1.3765a-30.1)r+(0.0151a 2 -2.1344a+80.8),0.0.(-0.0154a 2 +0.8793a-16.2)r 2 +(0.0191a 2 -1.3765a+30.1)r+(-0.01529a 2 +1.1344a+19.2)),

[0201] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0);

[0202] When 17.3 < a ≤ 33.1, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie on the straight line C formed by connecting the following four points. r W r W r D r D r O and OC r Within the area enclosed by the figure or the aforementioned line C r W r and W r D r Above (excluding point C) r and D r ),

[0203] Point C r ((-0.01728a 2 +0.3644a+6.8668)r 2 +(0.0335a 2 -0.0444a-35.267)r+(-0.0136a 2-1.9352a + 78.947),(0.01728a 2 -0.3644a-6.8668)r 2 +(-0.0335a 2 + 0.0444a + 35.267)r + (0.0136a 2 + 0.9352a + 21.053),0.0)、

[0204] Point W r ((0.02317a 2 -1.5719a + 27.864)r 2 +(-0.0219a 2 + 2.1686a-52.553)r + (0.0045a 2 -2.2651a + 81.337),(-0.0963a 2 + 5.4972a-76.891)r 2 +(0.0922a 2 -5.8047a + 94.129)r + (0.0009a 2 + 0.765a + 8.598),(0.07312a 2 -3.9253a + 49.027)r 2 +(-0.0703a 2 + 3.6361a-41.576)r + (-0.0054a 2 + 0.5001a + 10.065))、

[0205] Point D r ((0.01078a 2 -0.8205a + 16.576)r 2 +(-0.0156a 2 + 1.3436a-30.573)r + (0.0094a 2 -1.923a + 78.855),0.0.(-0.01078a 2 + 0.8205a-16.576)r 2 +(0.0156a 2 -1.3436a + 30.573)r + (-0.0094a 2 + 0.923a + 21.145))、

[0206] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0);

[0207] When 33.1 < a ≤ 33.3, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie on the straight line CW formed by connecting the following 5 points. r W r D r D r Within the area bounded by O, OP, and PC, or the aforementioned line CW r and W r D r Above (excluding points C and D) r ),

[0208] Point C(0.0, -7.5a + 315.15.053, 6.5a - 215.15),

[0209] Point W r ((6.0a-197.4)r 2 +(-6.0a+193.8)r+(0.5a-5.25),(-20.0a+661.6)r 2 +(20.0a-659.0)r+(-5.0a+200.4),(14.0a-464.2)r 2 +(-14.0a+465.2)r+(3.5a-95.15)),

[0210] Point D r ((-a+34.3)r 2 +(1.5a-52.85)r+(-1.5a+75.15),0.0,(a-34.3)r 2 +(-1.5a+52.85)r+(0.5a+24.85)),

[0211] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0),

[0212] Point P(0.0, 100.0, 0.0);

[0213] When 33.3 < a ≤ 51.6, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie on the straight line CW formed by connecting the following 5 points. r W r D r D r Within the area bounded by O, OP, and PC, or the aforementioned line CW r and W r D r Above (excluding points C and D) r ),

[0214] Point C(0.0, -7.5a + 315.15.053, 6.5a - 215.15),

[0215] Point W r (0.0073a 2 -0.7541a+19.376)r 2 +(-0.0183a 2 +1.8853a-48.44)r+(-0.00784a 2 +0.1576a+14.848),(-0.02246a 2 +2.1482a-51.018)r 2 +(0.03082-3.0a+72.712)r+(0.05178a 2 -6.0017a+176.35),(0.01513a 2 -1.3941a+31.642)r 2 +(-0.0125a 2 +1.1146a-24.273)r+(-0.04392a 2 +4.8441a-91.2))

[0216] Point D r ((0.0002a 2 -0.0706a+3.143)r 2 +(-0.005a 2 +0.5806a-16.671)r+(0.00836a 2 -1.8518a+77.595),0.0,(-0.0002a 2 +0.0706a-3.143)r 2 +(0.005a 2 -0.5806a+16.671)r+(-0.00836a 2 +0.8518a+22.405)),

[0217] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0),

[0218] Point P(0.0, 100.0, 0.0)).

[0219] In the above-mentioned refrigerant, from the viewpoint of preventing disproportionation, x is preferably 70% by weight or less, more preferably 60% by weight or less, and even more preferably 50% by weight or less.

[0220] In the refrigerant described above, from the viewpoint of refrigeration capacity, x is preferably 10% by weight or more, more preferably 15% by weight or more, and even more preferably 17.5% by weight or more.

[0221] In the above-mentioned refrigerant, from the viewpoint of preventing the deterioration of refrigeration oil, y is preferably 60% by weight or less, more preferably 50% by weight or less, and even more preferably 40% by weight or less.

[0222] In the above-mentioned refrigerant, from the viewpoint of low GWP, y is preferably 10% by weight or more, more preferably 15% by weight or more, and even more preferably 20% by weight or more.

[0223] Of the refrigerants mentioned above, from the viewpoint of low GWP, a is preferably 29.2% by weight or less (GWP 200 or less), more preferably 25.5% by weight or less (GWP 175), and even more preferably 21.8% by weight or less (GWP 150).

[0224] In the refrigerant described above, from the viewpoint of refrigeration capacity, x is preferably 2.5% by weight or more, more preferably 5.0% by weight or more, and even more preferably 7.5% by weight or more.

[0225] Without impairing the aforementioned characteristics and effects, the refrigerant of the present invention may contain other additional refrigerants besides HFO-1132(E), CF3I, R1234yf, and R32. From this perspective, in one embodiment, the refrigerant of the present invention preferably contains at least 99.5% by mass of HFO-1132(E), CF3I, R1234yf, and R32 relative to the total refrigerant content; more preferably at least 99.75% by mass; even more preferably at least 99.9% by mass; even more preferably at least 99.99% by mass; and most preferably at least 99.999% by mass. In another embodiment, the refrigerant of the present invention preferably contains at least 99.5% by mass of HFO-1123, HFO-1132(E), CF3I, and R1234yf relative to the total refrigerant content; more preferably, at least 99.75% by mass; even more preferably, at least 99.9% by mass; even more preferably, at least 99.99% by mass; and most preferably, at least 99.999% by mass. Furthermore, the refrigerant of the present invention may consist substantially only of HFO-1132(E), CF3I, R1234yf, and R32, or it may consist solely of HFO-1132(E), CF3I, R1234yf, and R32. When the refrigerant of the present invention consists substantially only of HFO-1132(E), CF3I, R1234yf, and R32, in addition to containing these compounds, it may also contain only impurities inevitably introduced during the manufacturing process of these compounds.

[0226] There are no particular limitations on the type of refrigerant that can be added; a wide range of options are acceptable. In mixed refrigerants, one type can be used alone, or two or more can be added.

[0227] 1.2 use

[0228] The refrigerant of the present invention is preferably used as the working fluid of a refrigeration machine.

[0229] The compositions of the present invention are suitable for use as an alternative refrigerant to R410A.

[0230] 2. Refrigerant Composition

[0231] The refrigerant composition of the present invention contains at least the refrigerant of the present invention and can be used for the same purposes as the refrigerant of the present invention. The refrigerant composition of the present invention can also be used to obtain a working fluid for refrigeration machines by mixing with at least refrigeration oil.

[0232] The refrigerant composition of the present invention contains at least one other component in addition to the refrigerant of the present invention. The refrigerant composition of the present invention may contain at least one of the following other components as needed. As mentioned above, when the refrigerant composition of the present invention is used as the working fluid of a refrigeration machine, it is usually mixed with at least refrigeration oil. Therefore, the refrigerant composition of the present invention preferably contains substantially no refrigeration oil. Specifically, in the refrigerant composition of the present invention, the content of refrigeration oil relative to the total refrigerant composition is preferably 0 to 1% by mass, more preferably 0 to 0.1% by mass.

[0233] 2.1 water

[0234] The refrigerant composition of the present invention may contain trace amounts of water. The water content in the refrigerant composition is preferably 0.1% by mass or less relative to the total refrigerant. By containing trace amounts of water in the refrigerant composition, the intramolecular double bonds of the unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon compounds that may be contained in the refrigerant can be stabilized, and the oxidation of the unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon compounds is less likely to occur, thus improving the stability of the refrigerant composition.

[0235] 2.2 tracer

[0236] In order to track any changes in the refrigerant composition of the present invention, such as dilution, contamination, or other alterations, a tracer is added to the refrigerant composition of the present invention at a detectable concentration.

[0237] As a tracer, the refrigerant composition of the present invention may contain only one type or two or more types.

[0238] There are no particular limitations on the tracer used; it can be appropriately selected from commonly used tracers.

[0239] Examples of tracers include hydrofluorocarbons, hydrochlorofluorocarbons, chlorofluorocarbons, hydrochlorofluorocarbons, fluorocarbons, deuterated hydrocarbons, deuterated hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, fluoroethers, brominated compounds, iodinated compounds, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, and nitrous oxide (N₂O). Hydrofluorocarbons, hydrochlorofluorocarbons, chlorofluorocarbons, hydrochlorofluorocarbons, fluorocarbons, and fluoroethers are particularly preferred as tracers.

[0240] The following compounds are preferred as tracers.

[0241] FC-14 (Tetrafluoromethane, CF4)

[0242] HCC-40 (chloromethane, CH3Cl)

[0243] HFC-23 (trifluoromethane, CHF3)

[0244] HFC-41 (fluoromethane, CH3Cl)

[0245] HFC-125 (pentafluoroethane, CF3CHF2)

[0246] HFC-134a (1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, CF3CH2F)

[0247] HFC-134 (1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, CHF2CHF2)

[0248] HFC-143a (1,1,1-trifluoroethane, CF3CH3)

[0249] HFC-143 (1,1,2-trifluoroethane, CHF2CH2F)

[0250] HFC-152a (1,1-difluoroethane, CHF2CH3)

[0251] HFC-152 (1,2-difluoroethane, CH2FCH2F)

[0252] HFC-161 (fluoroethane, CH3CH2F)

[0253] HFC-245fa (1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane, CF3CH2CHF2)

[0254] HFC-236fa (1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane, CF3CH2CF3)

[0255] HFC-236ea (1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane, CF3CHFCHF2)

[0256] HFC-227ea(1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane, CF3CHFCF3)

[0257] HCFC-22 (dichlorofluoromethane, CHClF2)

[0258] HCFC-31 (chlorofluoromethane, CH2ClF)

[0259] CFC-1113 (chlorotrifluoroethylene, CF2=CClF)

[0260] HFE-125 (trifluoromethyl-difluoromethyl ether, CF3OCHF2)

[0261] HFE-134a (trifluoromethyl-fluoromethyl ether, CF3OCH2F)

[0262] HFE-143a (trifluoromethyl-methyl ether, CF3OCH3)

[0263] HFE-227ea (trifluoromethyl-tetrafluoroethyl ether, CF3OCHFCF3)

[0264] HFE-236fa (trifluoromethyl-trifluoroethyl ether, CF3OCH2CF3)

[0265] The refrigerant composition of the present invention may contain a total tracer of about 10 parts per million (ppm) to about 1000 ppm relative to the overall refrigerant composition. The refrigerant composition of the present invention may contain a total tracer of preferably about 30 ppm to about 500 ppm, more preferably about 50 ppm to about 300 ppm, relative to the overall refrigerant composition.

[0266] 2.3 Ultraviolet fluorescent dyes

[0267] As an ultraviolet fluorescent dye, the refrigerant composition of the present invention may contain a single type or two or more types.

[0268] As an ultraviolet fluorescent dye, there are no particular limitations, and it can be appropriately selected from commonly used ultraviolet fluorescent dyes.

[0269] Examples of ultraviolet fluorescent dyes include naphthalenediimide, coumarin, anthracene, phenanthrene, xanthan, thioxanthan, benzoxanthracene, and fluorescein, as well as their derivatives. Naphthalenediimide and either or both of coumarin are particularly preferred as ultraviolet fluorescent dyes.

[0270] 2.4 stabilizer

[0271] As a stabilizer, the refrigerant composition of the present invention may contain one or more types of stabilizers.

[0272] As a stabilizer, there are no particular limitations; it can be appropriately selected from commonly used stabilizers.

[0273] Examples of stabilizers include nitro compounds, ethers, and amines.

[0274] Examples of nitro compounds include aliphatic nitro compounds such as nitromethane and nitroethane, and aromatic nitro compounds such as nitrobenzene and nitrostyrene.

[0275] Examples of ethers include 1,4-dioxane.

[0276] Examples of amines include 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylamine and diphenylamine.

[0277] In addition, butylated hydroxyxylene, benzotriazole, etc. can also be listed.

[0278] The proportion of stabilizer is not particularly limited, but it is generally preferred to be 0.01 to 5% by mass relative to the total refrigerant, and more preferably 0.05 to 2% by mass.

[0279] 2.5 Polymerization inhibitor

[0280] As a polymerization inhibitor, the refrigerant composition of the present invention may contain one or more inhibitors.

[0281] There are no particular limitations on the type of polymerization inhibitor used; it can be appropriately selected from commonly used polymerization inhibitors.

[0282] Examples of polymerization inhibitors include 4-methoxy-1-naphthol, hydroquinone, hydroquinone methyl ether, dimethyl tert-butylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, and benzotriazole.

[0283] The proportion of the polymerization inhibitor is not particularly limited, but it is generally preferred to be 0.01 to 5% by mass relative to the total refrigerant, and more preferably 0.05 to 2% by mass.

[0284] 3. Working fluid containing refrigeration oil

[0285] The working fluid containing refrigeration oil of the present invention contains at least the refrigerant or refrigerant composition of the present invention and refrigeration oil, and is used as a working fluid in a refrigeration unit. Specifically, the working fluid containing refrigeration oil of the present invention is obtained by mixing refrigeration oil used in the compressor of a refrigeration unit with the refrigerant or refrigerant composition. The working fluid containing refrigeration oil typically contains 10 to 50% by mass of refrigeration oil.

[0286] 3.1 Refrigeration oil

[0287] As a refrigeration oil, the composition of the present invention may contain only one type or two or more types.

[0288] There are no particular limitations on the type of refrigeration oil used; any commonly used refrigeration oil can be selected. However, depending on the specific needs, a refrigeration oil that excels in improving the miscibility and stability of the aforementioned mixture can be chosen.

[0289] As a base oil for refrigeration oil, it is preferably selected from at least one of polyalkylene glycol (PAG), polyol ester (POE), and polyvinyl ether (PVE).

[0290] In addition to base oil, refrigeration oil may also contain additives. Additives may be at least one selected from antioxidants, extreme pressure agents, acid removers, oxygen removers, copper passivators, rust inhibitors, oiliness agents, and defoamers.

[0291] For refrigeration oil, from a lubrication perspective, a kinematic viscosity of 5 to 400 cSt at 40°C is preferred.

[0292] The working fluid containing refrigeration oil of the present invention may also contain at least one additive as needed. Examples of additives include compatibilizers, etc.

[0293] 3.2 Compatibilizer

[0294] As a compatibilizer, the working fluid containing refrigeration oil of the present invention may contain only one type or two or more types.

[0295] There are no particular limitations on the compatibilizer; it can be appropriately selected from commonly used compatibilizers.

[0296] Examples of compatibilizers include polyoxyalkylene glycol ethers, amides, nitriles, ketones, chlorinated hydrocarbons, esters, lactones, aryl ethers, fluoroethers, and 1,1,1-trifluoroalkanes. Polyoxyalkylene glycol ethers are particularly preferred as compatibilizers.

[0297] 4. How to operate a refrigeration unit

[0298] The method of operating the refrigeration unit of the present invention is a method of operating the refrigeration unit using the refrigerant of the present invention.

[0299] Specifically, the method of operating the refrigeration machine of the present invention includes the step of circulating the refrigerant of the present invention within the refrigeration machine.

[0300] The implementation methods have been described above, but it should be understood that various changes may be made to the methods and details without departing from the spirit and scope of the claimed protection.

[0301] Example

[0302] The following examples provide a more detailed description. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples.

[0303] HFO-1132(E), CF3I, R1234yf, and R32 were mixed according to their total weight and the mass percentages shown in Table 1 to prepare a mixed refrigerant.

[0304] The GWP of R410A (R32 = 50% / R125 = 50%) and the above-mentioned mixed refrigerants were evaluated based on the values ​​from the Fourth Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The GWP of HFO-1132(E) is not recorded, but it is assumed to be 1 based on HFO-1132a (GWP = 1 or less) and HFO-1123 (GWP = 0.3, as described in Patent Document 1). The refrigeration capacity of R410A and the above-mentioned mixed refrigerants was determined using the Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and Transport Properties Database (Refprop 9.0) of the National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST) under the following conditions, through theoretical calculations of the refrigeration cycle of the mixed refrigerants.

[0305] For each of these refrigerant mixtures, calculate the COP ratio and refrigeration capacity ratio based on R410A. The calculation conditions are as follows.

[0306] Evaporation temperature: 5℃;

[0307] Condensation temperature: 45℃;

[0308] Superheat temperature: 5K;

[0309] Subcooling degree: 5K;

[0310] Compressor efficiency: 70%.

[0311] These values, along with the GWP for each refrigerant mixture, are shown in Table 1. Here, specific COP and specific refrigeration capacity are expressed relative to R410A.

[0312] The coefficient of performance (COP) is calculated using the following formula.

[0313] COP = (Cooling capacity or heating capacity) / Electricity consumption

[0314] [Table 1]

[0315]

[0316] The approximate formulas representing the coordinates of each point are shown in Tables 2 and 3, which are obtained by finding the approximate formula of the curve connecting the three points.

[0317] [Table 2]

[0318] Approximation of point A

[0319]

[0320] Point S approximation

[0321]

[0322] Point B approximation

[0323]

[0324] [Table 3]

[0325] Point C approximation

[0326]

[0327] Point W approximation

[0328]

[0329] Point D approximation

[0330]

[0331] Based on these results, it is determined that the mixed refrigerant has a refrigeration capacity ratio of over 75% based on R410A when the following conditions are met.

[0332] <Conditions>

[0333] Based on the sum of HFO-1132(E), CF3I, R1234yf, and R32, let the mass percentage of HFO-1132(E) be x, the mass percentage of CF3I be y, the mass percentage of R1234yf be z, and the mass percentage of R32 be a (where 0 < a ≤ 29.2), in the three-component composition diagram where the sum of HFO-1132(E), CF3I, and R1234yf is (100 - a) mass percentage,

[0334] When 0 < a ≤ 7.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie within the area bounded by the lines AS, SB, BO, and OA that connect the following four points, or on the lines AS and SB (excluding points A and B).

[0335] Point A (-0.0167a) 2 -2.6115a+52.1,0.0167a 2 +1.6115a+47.9,0.0),

[0336] Point S(0.0042a) 2 -2.2866a+48.3,0.0023a 2 +0.8408a+26.0,-0.0065a 2 +0.4458a+25.7),

[0337] Point B (0.0088a) 2 -1.8471a+48.5,0.0,-0.0088a 2 +0.8471a+51.5) and

[0338] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0);

[0339] When 7.0 < a ≤ 17.3, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie within the area bounded by the lines AS, SB, BO, and OA that connect the following four points, or on the lines AS and SB (excluding points A and B).

[0340] Point A (-0.0423a) 2 -2.1749a+50.299,0.0423a 2 +1.1749a+49.701,0.0),

[0341] Point S(0.007a) 2 -2.3257a + 48.437, -0.0029a 2 +0.9539a +25.465, -0.0041a 2 +0.3718a+26.098),

[0342] Point B (0.0129a) 2 -1.857a+48.367,0.0,-0.0129a 2 +0.857a+51.633) and

[0343] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0);

[0344] When 17.3 < a ≤ 29.2, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie within the area bounded by the lines PA, AS, SB, BO, and OP that connect the following five points, or on the lines AS and SB (excluding points A and B).

[0345] Point P(0.0, 100.0 - a, 0.0),

[0346] Point A(0.0, 0.2556a) 2 -17.615a +310.95, -0.2556a 2 +16.615a-210.95),

[0347] Point S(0.0034a) 2 -0.8211a+23.493,0.1285a 2 -8.8263a+155.32, -0.1319a 2 +8.6474a-78.813),

[0348] Point B (0.0113a) 2 -1.8198a+48.199,0.0,-0.0113a 2 +0.8198a+51.801) and

[0349] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0).

[0350] Based on these results, it is determined that the mixed refrigerant has a refrigeration capacity of over 90% based on R410A when the following conditions are met.

[0351] <Conditions>

[0352] In the above refrigerant, taking the sum of HFO-1132(E), CF3I, R1234yf, and R32 as the baseline, let the mass percentage of HFO-1132(E) be x, the mass percentage of CF3I be y, the mass percentage of R1234yf be z, and the mass percentage of R32 be a (where 0 < a ≤ 29.2), in the three-component composition diagram where the sum of HFO-1132(E), CF3I, and R1234yf is (100 - a) mass percentage,

[0353] When 0 < a ≤ 17.3, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie within the area bounded by the lines CW, WD, DO, and OC that connect the following four points, or on the lines CW and WD (excluding points C and D).

[0354] Point C (-0.0027a) 2-2.3528a+82.9,0.0027a 2 +1.3528a+17.1,0.0),

[0355] Point W(0.0045a) 2 -2.2743a+81.5,0.0033a 2 +0.7052a+8.9,-0.0078a 2 +0.5692a+9.6),

[0356] Point D(0.0151a) 2 -2.1344a+80.8,0.0.-0.0151a 2 +1.1344a+19.2),

[0357] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0);

[0358] When 17.3 < a ≤ 33.1, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie within the area bounded by the lines CW, WD, DO, and OC that connect the following four points, or on the lines CW and WD (excluding points C and D).

[0359] Point C (-0.0136a) 2 -1.9352a+78.947,0.0136a 2 +0.9352a+21.053,0.0),

[0360] Point W(0.0045a) 2 -2.2651a+81.337,0.0009a 2 +0.765a +8.598, -0.0054a 2 +0.5001a+10.065),

[0361] Point D(0.0094a) 2 -1.923a+78.855,0.0.-0.0094a 2 +0.923a+21.145),

[0362] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0);

[0363] When 33.1 < a ≤ 33.3, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie within the area bounded by the lines CW, WD, DO, OP, and PC that connect the following five points, or on the lines CW and WD (excluding points C and D).

[0364] Point C(0.0, -7.5a + 315.15.053, 6.5a - 215.15),

[0365] Point W (0.5a-5.25,-5.0a+200.4,3.5a-95.15),

[0366] Point D(-1.5a+75.15,0.0.0.5a+24.85),

[0367] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0),

[0368] Point P(0.0, 100.0, 0.0);

[0369] When 33.3 < a ≤ 51.6, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie within the area bounded by the lines CW, WD, DO, OP, and PC that connect the following five points, or on the lines CW and WD (excluding points C and D).

[0370] Point C(0.0, 0.0795a) 2 -9.8365a +304.81, -0.0795a 2 +8.8365a-204.81),

[0371] Point W(-0.00783a) 2 +0.1576a+14.848,0.05178a 2 -6.0017a +176.35, -0.04392a 2 +4.8441a-91.2),

[0372] Point D(0.00837a) 2 -1.8518a+77.595,0.0.-0.00837a 2 +0.8518a+22.405),

[0373] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0),

[0374] Point P(0.0, 100.0, 0.0)).

[0375] For mixed refrigerants containing HFO-1123 in addition to HFO-1132(E), CF3I, R1234yf, and R32, the evaluation was performed in the same manner as above. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0376] [Table 4]

[0377]

[0378] The approximate formulas representing the coordinates of each point are shown in Tables 5-7, which are obtained by finding the approximate formula of the curve connecting the three points.

[0379] [Table 5]

[0380] A r Approximation

[0381]

[0382] A r Approximation

[0383]

[0384] [Table 6]

[0385] S approximation

[0386]

[0387] S approximation

[0388]

[0389] [Table 7]

[0390] S r Approximation

[0391]

[0392] [Table 8]

[0393] B r Approximation

[0394]

[0395] B r Approximation

[0396]

[0397]

[0398] [Table 9]

[0399] C r Approximation

[0400]

[0401] C r Approximation

[0402]

[0403] [Table 10]

[0404] Wr Approximation

[0405]

[0406] W r Approximation

[0407]

[0408] [Table 11] W r Approximation

[0409]

[0410] W r Approximation

[0411]

[0412] [Table 12]

[0413] D r Approximation

[0414]

[0415] D r Approximation

[0416]

[0417] [Table 13]

[0418] D r Approximation

[0419]

[0420] D r Approximation

[0421]

[0422] In addition to HFO-1132(E), CF3I, R1234yf, and R32, a mixed refrigerant containing HFO-1123 can achieve a refrigeration capacity ratio of over 75% based on R410A by meeting the following conditions.

[0423] <Conditions>

[0424] In the above refrigerants, taking the sum of HFO-1123, HFO-1132(E), CF3I, R1234yf, and R32 as the baseline, let the total mass percentage of HFO-1123 and HFO-1132(E) be x, the mass percentage of CF3I be y, the mass percentage of R1234yf be z, and the mass percentage of R32 be a (where 0 < a ≤ 29.2) and r = HFO-1123 / (HFO-1123 + HFO-1132(E)) (where 0 < r < 1), in the three-component composition diagram with the total of HFO-1123 and HFO-1132(E) as the first vertex, CF3I as the second vertex, and R1234yf as the third vertex,

[0425] When 0 < a ≤ 7.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie on the straight line A formed by connecting the following four points. r S r S r B r B r Within the area enclosed by O and OA, or the aforementioned line A r S r and S r B r Above (excluding point A) r and point B r ),

[0426] Point A r ((0.0192a 2 -0.3057a+8.8)r 2 +(0.0178a 2 +0.7898a-29.4)r+(-0.0167a 2 -2.6115a+52.1),(-0.0192a 2 +0.3057a-8.8)r 2 -(0.0178a) 2 +0.7898a-29.4)r+(0.0167a 2 +1.6115a+47.9),0.0),

[0427] Point S r ((0.022a 2 -0.4968a+6.6)r 2 +(-0.0059a 2 +0.8981a-19.9)r+(0.0042a 2 -2.2866a+48.3)),(-0.0105a 2 +0.2166a-3.4)r 2+(-0.0123a 2 -0.414a+13.9)r+(0.0023a) 2 +0.8408a+26.0),(-0.0115a 2 +0.2803a-3.2)r 2 +(0.0181a 2 -0.4841a+6.0)r+(-0.0066a) 2 +0.4459a+25.7)),

[0428] Point B r ((-0.0021a 2 -0.3567a+6.2)r 2 +(0.0013a 2 +0.6624a-11.7)r+(0.0088a 2 -1.8471a+48.5), 0.0, (0.0021a) 2 +0.3567a-6.2)r 2 -(0.0013a) 2 +0.6624a-11.7)r+(-0.0088a 2 +0.8471a+51.5)) and

[0429] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0);

[0430] When 7.0 < a ≤ 17.3, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie on line A, which connects the following four points. r S r S r B r B r Within the area enclosed by O and OA, or the aforementioned line A r S r and S r B r Above (excluding point A) r and point B r ),

[0431] Point A r ((-0.0774a 2 +1.142a+3.3965)r 2 +(0.1316a 2 -0.965a-22.694)r+(-0.0423a 2 -2.1749a+50.299),(0.0774a 2 -1.142a-3.3965)r2 -(0.1316a) 2 -0.965a-22.694)r+(0.0423a 2 +1.1749a+49.701),0.0),

[0432] Point S r ((0.0219a 2 -0.901a+10.434)r 2 +(-0.0265a 2 +1.7025a-26.018)r+(0.0136a 2 -2.5337a+50.071),(-0.0157a 2 +0.4991a-5.1221)r 2 +(0.012a 2 -0.9332a+16.343)r+(-0.0029a 2 +0.9539a+25.465),(0.007a 2 -0.014a-2.0437)r 2 +(-0.0052a 2 -0.1454a+4.7729)r+(-0.0041a 2 +0.3719a+26.099)),

[0433] Point B r ((0.0114a 2 -0.5683a+7.0195)r 2 +(-0.0183a 2 +0.9587a-12.815)r+(0.0129a 2 -1.857a+48.367),0.0,(-0.0114a 2 +0.5683a-7.0195)r 2 +(0.0183a 2 -0.9587a+12.815)r+(-0.0129a 2 +0.857a+51.633)) and

[0434] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0);

[0435] When 17.3 < a ≤ 29.2, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie on the straight line PA formed by connecting the following 5 points. r A r S r S r Br B r Within the area enclosed by O and OP, or the aforementioned line A r S r and S r B r Above (excluding point A) r and point B r ),

[0436] Point P(0.0, 100.0 - a, 0.0),

[0437] Point A r (0.0, 0.2556a) 2 -17.615a +310.95, -0.2556a 2 +16.615a-210.95),

[0438] Point S r ((0.0141a 2 -0.7748a+10.574)r 2 +(-0.036a 2 +2.0515a-29.22)r+(0.0034a 2 -0.8211a+23.493),(-0.0104a 2 +0.5843a-8.1967)r 2 +(0.0289a 2 -1.6641a+23.933)r+(0.1285a 2 -8.8263a+155.32),(-0.0037a 2 +0.1905a-2.3774)r 2 +(0.0071a 2 -0.3874a+5.2871)r+(-0.1319a 2 +8.6474a-78.814))

[0439] Point B r ((-0.0008a 2 -0.0129a+1.0643)r 2 +(-0.0077a 2 +0.5019a-8.0723)r+(0.0113a 2 -1.8198a+48.199),0.0,(0.0008a 2 +0.0129a-1.0643)r 2 +(0.0077a 2-0.5019a+8.0723)r+(-0.0113a 2 +0.8198a+51.801)) and

[0440] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0).

[0441] In addition to HFO-1132(E), CF3I, R1234yf, and R32, a mixed refrigerant containing HFO-1123 can achieve a refrigeration capacity ratio of over 90% based on R410A by meeting the following conditions.

[0442] <Conditions>

[0443] In the above refrigerant, based on the sum of HFO-1123, HFO-1132(E), CF3I, R1234yf, and R32, let the total mass percentage of HFO-1123 and HFO-1132(E) be x, the mass percentage of CF3I be y, the mass percentage of R1234yf be z, and the mass percentage of R32 be a (where 0 < a ≤ 29.2) and r = HFO-1123 / (HFO-1123 + HFO-1132(E)) (where 0 < r < 1), in the three-component composition diagram with the total of HFO-1123 and HFO-1132(E) as the first vertex, CF3I as the second vertex, and R1234yf as the third vertex,

[0444] When 0 < a ≤ 17.3, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie on the straight line C formed by connecting the following four points. r W r W r D r D r O and OC r Within the area enclosed by the figure or the aforementioned line C r W r and W r D r Above (excluding point C) r and D r ),

[0445] Point C r ((-0.0031a 2 -0.2355a+13.0)r 2 +(0.0213a 2 +0.5511a-41.9)r+(-0.0027a 2 -2.3528a+82.9),(0.0031a 2 +0.2355a-13.0)r 2+(-0.0213a 2 -0.5511a+41.9)r+(0.0027a 2 +1.3528a+17.1),0.0),

[0446] Point W r ((0.0184a 2 -0.7005a+14.2)r 2 +(-0.009a 2 +1.0629a-37.3)r+(0.0045a 2 -2.2743a+81.5),(-0.0536a 2 +0.6606a-6.0)r 2 +(0.0421a 2 -0.7805a+22.2)r+(0.0033a 2 +0.7052a+8.9),(0.0351a 2 +0.0399a-8.2)r 2 +(-0.0331a 2 -0.2824a+15.1)r+(-0.0078a) 2 +0.5692a+9.6)),

[0447] Point D r ((0.0154a 2 -0.8793a+16.2)r 2 +(-0.0191a 2 +1.3765a-30.1)r+(0.0151a 2 -2.1344a+80.8),0.0.(-0.0154a 2 +0.8793a-16.2)r 2 +(0.0191a 2 -1.3765a+30.1)r+(-0.01529a 2 +1.1344a+19.2)),

[0448] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0);

[0449] When 17.3 < a ≤ 33.1, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie on the straight line C formed by connecting the following four points. r W r W r D r D r O and OC rWithin the area enclosed by the figure or the aforementioned line C r W r and W r D r Above (excluding point C) r and D r ),

[0450] Point C r ((-0.01728a 2 +0.3644a+6.8668)r 2 +(0.0335a 2 -0.0444a-35.267)r+(-0.0136a 2 -1.9352a+78.947),(0.01728a 2 -0.3644a-6.8668)r 2 +(-0.0335a 2 +0.0444a+35.267)r+(0.0136a 2 +0.9352a+21.053),0.0),

[0451] Point W r ((0.02317a 2 -1.5719a+27.864)r 2 +(-0.0219a 2 +2.1686a-52.553)r+(0.0045a 2 -2.2651a+81.337),(-0.0963a 2 +5.4972a-76.891)r 2 +(0.0922a 2 -5.8047a+94.129)r+(0.0009a 2 +0.765a+8.598),(0.07312a 2 -3.9253a+49.027)r 2 +(-0.0703a 2 +3.6361a-41.576)r+(-0.0054a 2 +0.5001a+10.065)),

[0452] Point D r ((0.01078a 2 -0.8205a+16.576)r 2 +(-0.0156a 2 +1.3436a-30.573)r+(0.0094a2 -1.923a+78.855),0.0.(-0.01078a 2 +0.8205a-16.576)r 2 +(0.0156a 2 -1.3436a+30.573)r+(-0.0094a 2 +0.923a+21.145)),

[0453] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0);

[0454] When 33.1 < a ≤ 33.3, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie on the straight line CW formed by connecting the following 5 points. r W r D r D r Within the area bounded by O, OP, and PC, or the aforementioned line CW r and W r D r Above (excluding points C and D) r ),

[0455] Point C(0.0, -7.5a + 315.15.053, 6.5a - 215.15),

[0456] Point W r ((6.0a-197.4)r 2 +(-6.0a+193.8)r+(0.5a-5.25),(-20.0a+661.6)r 2 +(20.0a-659.0)r+(-5.0a+200.4),(14.0a-464.2)r 2 +(-14.0a+465.2)r+(3.5a-95.15)),

[0457] Point D r ((-a+34.3)r 2 +(1.5a-52.85)r+(-1.5a+75.15),0.0,(a-34.3)r 2 +(-1.5a+52.85)r+(0.5a+24.85)),

[0458] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0),

[0459] Point P(0.0, 100.0, 0.0);

[0460] When 33.3 < a ≤ 51.6, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie on the straight line CW formed by connecting the following 5 points. r W r D r D r Within the area bounded by O, OP, and PC, or the aforementioned line CW r and W r D r Above (excluding points C and D) r ),

[0461] Point C(0.0, -7.5a + 315.15.053, 6.5a - 215.15),

[0462] Point W r (0.0073a 2 -0.7541a+19.376)r 2 +(-0.0183a 2 +1.8853a-48.44)r+(-0.00784a 2 +0.1576a+14.848),(-0.02246a 2 +2.1482a-51.018)r 2 +(0.03082-3.0a+72.712)r+(0.05178a 2 -6.0017a+176.35),(0.01513a 2 -1.3941a+31.642)r 2 +(-0.0125a 2 +1.1146a-24.273)r+(-0.04392a 2 +4.8441a-91.2))

[0463] Point D r ((0.0002a 2 -0.0706a+3.143)r 2 +(-0.005a 2 +0.5806a-16.671)r+(0.00836a 2 -1.8518a+77.595),0.0,(-0.0002a 2 +0.0706a-3.143)r 2 +(0.005a 2 -0.5806a+16.671)r+(-0.00836a 2 +0.8518a+22.405)),

[0464] Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0),

[0465] Point P(0.0, 100.0, 0.0)).

Claims

1. A composition containing a refrigerant, characterized in that: The refrigerant contains trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), trifluoroiodomethane (CF3I), 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propylene (R1234yf) and difluoromethane (R32).

2. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the refrigerant, based on the sum of HFO-1132(E), CF3I, R1234yf, and R32, let x be the mass percentage of HFO-1132(E), y be the mass percentage of CF3I, z be the mass percentage of R1234yf, and a be the mass percentage of R32, where 0 < a ≤ 29.2, in the three-component composition diagram where the sum of HFO-1132(E), CF3I, and R1234yf is (100 - a) mass percentage, When 0 < a ≤ 7.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie within the area bounded by the lines AS, SB, BO, and OA that connect the following four points, or on the lines AS and SB, excluding points A and B. Point A (-0.0167a) 2 -2.6115a+52.1,0.0167a 2 +1.6115a+47.9,0.0), Point S(0.0042a) 2 -2.2866a+48.3,0.0023a 2 +0.8408a+26.0,-0.0065a 2 +0.4458a+25.7), Point B (0.0088a) 2 -1.8471a+48.5,0.0,-0.0088a 2 +0.8471a+51.5) and point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0); When 7.0 < a ≤ 17.3, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie within the area bounded by the lines AS, SB, BO, and OA that connect the following four points, or on the lines AS and SB, excluding points A and B. Point A (-0.0423a) 2 -2.1749a+50.299,0.0423a 2 +1.1749a+49.701,0.0), point S(0.007a) 2 -2.3257a + 48.437, -0.0029a 2 +0.9539a +25.465, -0.0041a 2 +0.3718a+26.098), Point B (0.0129a) 2 -1.857a+48.367,0.0,-0.0129a 2 +0.857a+51.633) and point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0); When 17.3 < a ≤ 29.2, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie within the area bounded by the lines PA, AS, SB, BO, and OP connecting the following five points, or on the lines AS and SB, excluding points A and B. Point P(0.0, 100.0 - a, 0.0), Point A(0.0, 0.2556a) 2 -17.615a +310.95, -0.2556a 2 +16.615a-210.95), point S(0.0034a) 2 -0.8211a+23.493,0.1285a 2 -8.8263a+155.32, -0.1319a 2 +8.6474a-78.813), Point B (0.0113a) 2 -1.8198a+48.199,0.0,-0.0113a 2 +0.8198a+51.801) and Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0).

3. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the refrigerant, based on the sum of HFO-1132(E), CF3I, R1234yf, and R32, let the mass percentage of HFO-1132(E) be x, the mass percentage of CF3I be y, the mass percentage of R1234yf be z, and the mass percentage of R32 be a, where 0 < a ≤ 51.6, in the three-component composition diagram where the sum of HFO-1132(E), CF3I, and R1234yf is (100 - a) mass percentage, When 0 < a ≤ 17.3, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie within the area bounded by the lines CW, WD, DO, and OC that connect the following four points, or on the lines CW and WD, excluding points C and D. Point C (-0.0027a) 2 -2.3528a+82.9,0.0027a 2 +1.3528a+17.1,0.0), Point W(0.0045a) 2 -2.2743a+81.5,0.0033a 2 +0.7052a+8.9,-0.0078a 2 +0.5692a+9.6), Point D(0.0151a) 2 -2.1344a+80.8,0.0,-0.0151a 2 +1.1344a+19.2), Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0); When 17.3 < a ≤ 33.1, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie within the area bounded by the lines CW, WD, DO, and OC that connect the following four points, or on the lines CW and WD, excluding points C and D. Point C (-0.0136a) 2 -1.9352a+78.947,0.0136a 2 +0.9352a+21.053,0.0), point W(0.0045a) 2 -2.2651a+81.337,0.0009a 2 +0.765a +8.598, -0.0054a 2 +0.5001a+10.065), Point D(0.0094a 2 -1.923a+78.855,0.0,-0.0094a 2 +0.923a+21.145), point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0); When 33.1 < a ≤ 33.3, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie within the area bounded by the lines CW, WD, DO, OP, and PC connecting the following five points, or on the lines CW and WD, excluding points C and D. Point C(0.0, -7.5a + 315.15.053, 6.5a - 215.15), Point W (0.5a-5.25,-5.0a+200.4,3.5a-95.15), Point D(-1.5a+75.15,0.4.0.5a+24.85), Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0), Point P(0.0, 100.0, 0.0); When 33.3 < a ≤ 51.6, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie within the area bounded by the lines CW, WD, DO, OP, and PC connecting the following five points, or on the lines CW and WD, excluding points C and D. Point C(0.0, 0.0795a) 2 -9.8365a +304.81, -0.0795a 2 +8.8365a-204.81), point W(-0.00783a) 2 +0.1576a+14.848,0.05178a 2 -6.0017a +176.35, -0.04392a 2 +4.8441a-91.2), Point D(0.00837a) 2 -1.8518a+77.595,0.0,-0.00837a 2 +0.8518a+22.405), Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0), Point P(0.0, 100.0, 0.0)).

4. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The refrigerant also contains trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123).

5. The composition according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the refrigerant, based on the sum of HFO-1123, HFO-1132(E), CF3I, R1234yf, and R32, let the total mass percentage of HFO-1123 and HFO-1132(E) be x, the mass percentage of CF3I be y, the mass percentage of R1234yf be z, and the mass percentage of R32 be a, and let r = HFO-1123 / (HFO-1123 + HFO-1132(E)), where 0 < a ≤ 29.2 and 0 < r < 1, in the three-component composition diagram with the total of HFO-1123 and HFO-1132(E) as the first vertex, CF3I as the second vertex, and R1234yf as the third vertex, When 0 < a ≤ 7.0, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie on the straight line A formed by connecting the following four points. r S r S r B r B r Within the area enclosed by O and OA, or the line A. r S r and S r B r Above, excluding point A r and point B r , Point A r ((0.0192a 2 -0.3057a+8.8)r 2 +(0.0178a 2 +0.7898a-29.4)r+(-0.0167a 2 -2.6115a+52.1),(-0.0192a 2 +0.3057a-8.8)r 2 -(0.0178a) 2 +0.7898a-29.4)r+(0.0167a 2 +1.6115a+47.9),0.0), Point S r ((0.022a 2 -0.4968a + 6.6)r 2 +(-0.0059a 2 + 0.8981a-19.9)r + (0.0042a 2 -2.2866a + 48.3)),(-0.0105a 2 + 0.2166a-3.4)r 2 +(-0.0123a 2 -0.414a + 13.9)r + (0.0023a 2 + 0.8408a + 26.0),(-0.0115a 2 + 0.2803a-3.2)r 2 +(0.0181a 2 -0.4841a + 6.0)r + (-0.0066a 2 + 0.4459a + 25.7))、 Point B r ((-0.0021a 2 -0.3567a+6.2)r 2 +(0.0013a 2 +0.6624a-11.7)r+(0.0088a 2 -1.8471a+48.5), 0.0, (0.0021a) 2 +0.3567a-6.2)r 2 -(0.0013a) 2 +0.6624a-11.7)r+(-0.0088a 2 +0.8471a+51.5)) and point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0); When 7.0 < a ≤ 17.3, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie on line A, which connects the following four points. r S r S r B r B r Within the area enclosed by O and OA, or the line A. r S r and S r B r Above, excluding point A r and point B r , Point A r ((-0.0774a 2 +1.142a + 3.3965)r 2 +(0.1316a 2 -0.965a-22.694)r + (-0.0423a 2 -2.1749a + 50.299),(0.0774a 2 -1.142a-3.3965)r 2 -(0.1316a 2 -0.965a-22.694)r + (0.0423a 2 +1.1749a + 49.701),0.0) Point S r ((0.0219a 2 −0.901a + 10.434)r 2 +(−0.0265a 2 + 1.7025a − 26.018)r + (0.0136a 2 − 2.5337a + 50.071),(−0.0157a 2 + 0.4991a − 5.1221)r 2 +(0.012a 2 − 0.9332a + 16.343)r + (−0.0029a 2 + 0.9539a + 25.465),(0.007a 2 − 0.014a − 2.0437)r 2 +(−0.0052a 2 − 0.1454a + 4.7729)r + (−0.0041a 2 + 0.3719a + 26.099))、 Point B r ((0.0114a 2 -0.5683a+7.0195)r 2 +(-0.0183a 2 +0.9587a-12.815)r+(0.0129a 2 -1.857a+48.367),0.0,(-0.0114a 2 +0.5683a-7.0195)r 2 +(0.0183a 2 -0.9587a+12.815)r+(-0.0129a 2 +0.857a+51.633)) and point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0); When 17.3 < a ≤ 29.2, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie on the straight line PA formed by connecting the following 5 points. r A r S r S r B r B r Within the area enclosed by O and OP, or the line A. r S r and S r B r Above, excluding point A r and point B r , Point P(0.0, 100.0 - a, 0.0), Point A r (0.0, 0.2556a) 2 -17.615a +310.95, -0.2556a 2 +16.615a-210.95), Point S r ((0.0141a 2 −0.7748a + 10.574)r 2 +(−0.036a 2 + 2.0515a − 29.22)r + (0.0034a 2 −0.8211a + 23.493),(−0.0104a 2 + 0.5843a − 8.1967)r 2 +(0.0289a 2 −1.6641a + 23.933)r + (0.1285a 2 −8.8263a + 155.32),(−0.0037a 2 + 0.1905a − 2.3774)r 2 +(0.0071a 2 −0.3874a + 5.2871)r + (−0.1319a 2 + 8.6474a − 78.814))、 Point B r ((-0.0008a 2 -0.0129a+1.0643)r 2 +(-0.0077a 2 +0.5019a-8.0723)r+(0.0113a 2 -1.8198a+48.199),0.0,(0.0008a 2 +0.0129a-1.0643)r 2 +(0.0077a 2 -0.5019a+8.0723)r+(-0.0113a 2 +0.8198a+51.801)) and point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0).

6. The composition according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the refrigerant, based on the sum of HFO-1123, HFO-1132(E), CF3I, R1234yf, and R32, let the total mass percentage of HFO-1123 and HFO-1132(E) be x, the mass percentage of CF3I be y, the mass percentage of R1234yf be z, and the mass percentage of R32 be a, and let r = HFO-1123 / (HFO-1123 + HFO-1132(E)), where 0 < a ≤ 29.2 and 0 < r < 1, in the three-component composition diagram with the total of HFO-1123 and HFO-1132(E) as the first vertex, CF3I as the second vertex, and R1234yf as the third vertex, When 0 < a ≤ 17.3, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie on the straight line C formed by connecting the following four points. r W r W r D r D r O and OC r Within the area of ​​the enclosed figure or the straight line C r W r and W r D r Above, excluding point C r and D r , Point C r ((-0.0031a 2 -0.2355a + 13.0)r 2 +(0.0213a 2 + 0.5511a-41.9)r + (-0.0027a 2 -2.3528a + 82.9),(0.0031a 2 + 0.2355a-13.0)r 2 +(-0.0213a 2 -0.5511a + 41.9)r + (0.0027a 2 + 1.3528a + 17.1),0.0) Point W r ((0.0184a 2 -0.7005a + 14.2)r 2 +(-0.009a 2 + 1.0629a-37.3)r + (0.0045a 2 -2.2743a + 81.5),(-0.0536a 2 + 0.6606a-6.0)r 2 +(0.0421a 2 -0.7805a + 22.2)r + (0.0033a 2 + 0.7052a + 8.9),(0.0351a 2 + 0.0399a-8.2)r 2 +(-0.0331a 2 -0.2824a + 15.1)r + (-0.0078a 2 + 0.5692a + 9.6))、 Point D r ((0.0154a 2 −0.8793a + 16.2)r 2 +(−0.0191a 2 + 1.3765a − 30.1)r + (0.0151a 2 −2.1344a + 80.8), 0.0, (−0.0154a 2 + 0.8793a − 16.2)r 2 +(0.0191a 2 −1.3765a + 30.1)r + (−0.01529a 2 + 1.1344a + 19.2))、 Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0); When 17.3 < a ≤ 33.1, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie on the straight line C formed by connecting the following four points. r W r W r D r D r O and OC r Within the area of ​​the enclosed figure or the straight line C r W r and W r D r Above, excluding point C r and D r , Point C r ((-0.01728a 2 +0.3644a+6.8668)r 2 +(0.0335a 2 -0.0444a-35.267)r+(-0.0136a 2 -1.9352a+78.947),(0.01728a 2 -0.3644a-6.8668)r 2 +(-0.0335a 2 +0.0444a+35.267)r+(0.0136a 2 +0.9352a+21.053),0.0) Point W r ((0.02317a 2 −1.5719a + 27.864)r 2 +(−0.0219a 2 +2.1686a − 52.553)r+(0.0045a 2 −2.2651a + 81.337),(−0.0963a 2 +5.4972a − 76.891)r 2 +(0.0922a 2 −5.8047a + 94.129)r+(0.0009a 2 +0.765a + 8.598),(0.07312a 2 −3.9253a + 49.027)r 2 +(−0.0703a 2 +3.6361a − 41.576)r+(−0.0054a 2 +0.5001a + 10.065))、 Point D r ((0.01078a 2 -0.8205a+16.576)r 2 +(-0.0156a 2 +1.3436a-30.573)r+(0.0094a 2 -1.923a+78.855),0.0,(-0.01078a 2 +0.8205a-16.576)r 2 +(0.0156a 2 -1.3436a+30.573)r+(-0.0094a 2 +0.923a+21.145)), point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0); When 33.1 < a ≤ 33.3, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie on the straight line CW formed by connecting the following 5 points. r W r D r D r Within the area enclosed by O, OP, and PC, or the straight line CW r and W r D r Above, excluding points C and D. r , Point C(0.0, -7.5a + 315.15.053, 6.5a - 215.15), Point W r ((6.0a-197.4)r 2 +(-6.0a+193.8)r+(0.5a-5.25),(-20.0a+661.6)r 2 +(20.0a-659.0)r+(-5.0a+200.4),(14.0a-464.2)r 2 +(-14.0a+465.2)r+(3.5a-95.15))、 Point D r ((-a + 34.3)r 2 +(1.5a-52.85)r + (-1.5a + 75.15), 0.0, (a-34.3)r 2 +(-1.5a + 52.85)r + (0.5a + 24.85))、 Point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0), Point P(0.0, 100.0, 0.0); When 33.3 < a ≤ 51.6, the coordinates (x, y, z) lie on the straight line CW formed by connecting the following 5 points. r W r D r D r Within the area enclosed by O, OP, and PC, or the straight line CW r and W r D r Above, excluding points C and D. r , Point C(0.0, -7.5a + 315.15.053, 6.5a - 215.15), Point W r (0.0073a 2 −0.7541a + 19.376)r 2 +(−0.0183a 2 + 1.8853a − 48.44)r + (−0.00784a 2 + 0.1576a + 14.848),(−0.02246a 2 + 2.1482a − 51.018)r 2 +(0.03082 − 3.0a + 72.712)r + (0.05178a 2 − 6.0017a + 176.35),(0.01513a 2 − 1.3941a + 31.642)r 2 +(−0.0125a 2 + 1.1146a − 24.273)r + (−0.04392a 2 + 4.8441a − 91.2))、 Point D r ((0.0002a 2 -0.0706a+3.143)r 2 +(-0.005a 2 +0.5806a-16.671)r+(0.00836a 2 -1.8518a+77.595),0.0,(-0.0002a 2 +0.0706a-3.143)r 2 +(0.005a 2 -0.5806a+16.671)r+(-0.00836a 2 +0.8518a+22.405), point O(100.0-a,0.0,0.0), Point P(0.0, 100.0, 0.0)).

7. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: It also contains refrigeration oil, and the composition is used as a working fluid for refrigeration machines.

8. The composition according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also contains refrigeration oil, and the composition is used as a working fluid for refrigeration machines.

9. The composition according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also contains refrigeration oil, and the composition is used as a working fluid for refrigeration machines.

10. The composition according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also contains refrigeration oil, and the composition is used as a working fluid for refrigeration machines.

11. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Used as an alternative refrigerant to R410A.

12. The composition according to claim 4, characterized in that: Used as an alternative refrigerant to R410A.

13. The composition according to claim 5, characterized in that: Used as an alternative refrigerant to R410A.

14. The composition according to claim 6, characterized in that: Used as an alternative refrigerant to R410A.

15. The composition according to claim 7, characterized in that: Used as an alternative refrigerant to R410A.

16. The composition according to claim 8, characterized in that: Used as an alternative refrigerant to R410A.

17. The composition of claim 9, characterized in that: Used as an alternative refrigerant to R410A.

18. The composition of claim 10, characterized in that: Used as an alternative refrigerant to R410A.

19. Use of the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 18 as an alternative refrigerant to R410A.

20. A refrigeration unit, characterized in that: The composition comprising any one of claims 1 to 18 is used as the working fluid.

21. A method for operating a refrigeration unit, characterized in that: The process includes using the composition of any one of claims 1 to 18 as a working fluid and circulating it in a refrigeration unit.

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