Waste heat boiler slagging prevention large block closed circuit treatment device

Abstract

The present invention provides a closed-circuit treatment device for preventing large lumps of slag from forming in a waste heat boiler, comprising a slag treatment platform, a steel ash hopper, a heavy rail grille, a rotary cutting device, and a crushing device. The front and rear sides of the steel ash hopper are asymmetrically arranged, and a rotary cutting opening is provided on the front side of the steel ash hopper. The rotary cutting device is regularly controlled to extend into the rotary cutting opening to crush the slag. The invention can inhibit the formation of large lumps of boiler coke, reduce the adhesion and bridging between high-temperature slag and the ash hopper, and perform online cracking and closed-circuit treatment of coke blocks. It improves automated operations, reduces manual operations, enhances operational safety, improves the surrounding operating environment, and at the same time increases the operating rate of the main process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of smelting equipment, in particular to a closed-circuit treatment device for preventing slagging of waste heat boilers from forming large lumps. Background Art

[0002] At present, there are two main methods for collecting and treating slag in the radiation part of the inlet of copper smelting waste heat boiler. One is to collect it through the ash hopper and clean it manually or mechanically on a regular basis; the other is to block it with a grid, and the small coke pieces fall into the scraper at the bottom through the gap of the grid. After being crushed, they are collected in the ash storage tank and transported to the designated location in the dense phase.

[0003] The coking ash hopper collection method cannot achieve online automatic cleaning and requires manual cleaning after regular shutdown. First, it affects the operating rate of the main process; second, there is a safety risk of large pieces falling during manual cleaning, and the labor intensity is high, and the environment around the ash hopper is poor; third, in order to facilitate cleaning, the cleaning door is generally large and the sealing effect is poor, which increases the operating load of the boiler and subsequent equipment and has high energy consumption.

[0004] The grid scraper crushing method can only handle smaller coke blocks, and large blocks remain on the grid. After the boiler has been running for a period of time, the furnace door needs to be opened to clean up the large coke blocks. It also has the disadvantages of the coke ash hopper collection method. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address these issues, the present invention provides a closed-circuit treatment device for preventing large slag buildup in waste heat boilers. This device suppresses the formation of large coke lumps, reduces the adhesion and bridging between high-temperature slag and the ash hopper, and performs online cracking and closed-circuit treatment of coke lumps. This improves automation, reduces manual labor, enhances operational safety, improves the surrounding working environment, reduces energy consumption, and increases the operating efficiency of the main process.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] The closed-circuit treatment device for preventing large slag from forming in waste heat boilers includes:

[0008] Slagging treatment platform;

[0009] A steel ash hopper is provided at the upper end of the slagging treatment platform for accommodating slagging. The front and rear sides of the steel ash hopper are asymmetrically arranged. The front side of the steel ash hopper is provided with a rotary cut-off opening and the bottom end is provided with a heavy-duty grille.

[0010] The cutting device includes a sliding cutting mounting seat, a plurality of cutting teeth are provided on the side of the cutting mounting seat close to the cutting opening, and a blocking steel plate is provided on the upper end of the cutting mounting seat;

[0011] The rotary cutting device is located at the upper end of the heavy-duty grid and corresponds to the position of the rotary cutting opening. The rotary cutting device is regularly controlled to extend into the rotary cutting opening to achieve slagging crushing.

[0012] Preferably, the steel ash hopper includes a first support plate and a second support plate arranged in front and back, wherein the inclination angle of the first support plate is greater than the inclination angle of the second support plate, and the rotary cut opening is located on the surface of the first support plate.

[0013] Preferably, an upper conducting opening is provided at the upper end of the steel ash hopper, and a lower conducting opening is provided at the lower end, and both the upper conducting opening and the lower conducting opening are rectangular.

[0014] Preferably, a crushing device connected to a steel ash hopper is provided at the lower end of the slagging treatment platform. The crushing device includes a crushing bucket. The inner wall of the crushing bucket is rotatably connected to a driving shaft, and a crushing roller is provided on the surface of the driving shaft.

[0015] Preferably, a transition bucket that is connected up and down is provided between the crushing bucket and the steel ash hopper.

[0016] Preferably, the heavy-duty grille includes a plurality of grille baffles 1 and 2, and the grille baffles 1 and 2 are arranged at the same height and slightly tilted to the right, that is, the height of the heavy-duty grille close to the rotary cutting device is higher than the height of the side away from the rotary cutting device; when the rotary cutting and crushing device cannot clean up the extra-large slag produced under particularly severe working conditions, the slightly right-tilted grille baffles are used as a channel, and the slag is dragged out from the right side of the ash hopper by a manual hoisting device for external discharge, and by arranging the heavy-duty grille to be tilted toward the right, the slag can be gathered on the outside under the action of gravity, ensuring that the inside can allow small-sized slag to pass normally, and at the same time, under the action of the rotary cutting device, the slag can be further gathered on the inside, ensuring the normal discharge of the slag in the ash hopper. The inclination angle of the above-mentioned heavy-duty grille is preferably in the range of 2°~5°, which is determined according to the specific size of the slag and the ash hopper.

[0017] Preferably, it further comprises a metal corrugated flexible sealing device, through which the processing device is separated from the external environment.

[0018] Preferably, the metal corrugated flexible sealing device includes a flexible sealing component 1 located at the upper end of the slagging treatment platform, and a flexible sealing component 2 located at the lower end of the slagging treatment platform, and the flexible sealing component 1 and the flexible sealing component 2 are connected.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] Compared with the traditional ash hopper, the steel ash hopper has the characteristics of straight-through and asymmetric structure. By using the different inclination angles on both sides of the interior, it can avoid the continuous bridging of slag to form large slag blocks, and can avoid the generation of large slag blocks from the source, so that the slag can pass through the heavy-duty grille and be discharged quickly; and by arranging a rotary cutter device on one side of the steel ash hopper, the rotary cutter device can be regularly controlled to enter the steel ash hopper to achieve reciprocating and continuous cleaning of large slag blocks remaining on the surface of the heavy-duty grille, and further inhibit the rooting and growth of new slag blocks, while accelerating the coarse crushing process of the retained slag, avoiding the slag from accumulating on the surface of the heavy-duty grille, further ensuring that the slag is broken into smaller sizes, and accelerating the subsequent crushing and discharge of the slag. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the main structure;

[0023] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 A side structural diagram of

[0024] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 AA line cross-sectional structural diagram;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of Example 2 of the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 100, steel ash hopper; 110, first support plate; 111, rotary cutting opening; 120, second support plate; 130, upper conducting opening; 140, lower conducting opening; 200, rotary cutting device; 210, rotary cutting teeth; 220, rotary cutting mounting seat; 230, blocking steel plate; 300, heavy-duty grille; 310, grille baffle 1; 320, grille baffle 2; 400, transition bucket; 500, crushing device; 510, driving shaft; 520, crushing roller; 530, crushing bucket; 600, slagging treatment platform; 700, metal corrugated flexible sealing device; 710, flexible sealing component 1; 720, flexible sealing component 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. Example 1

[0029] Refer to the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 5, The device for preventing large chunks in slagging of waste heat boilers through closed-loop treatment includes a slagging treatment platform 600. A steel ash hopper 100 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the slagging treatment platform 600. The steel ash hopper has the characteristics of a straight-through, asymmetric, rectangular cross-section. The straight-through and asymmetric characteristics can inhibit the formation of large slag chunks, making it difficult for slag lumps to form bridges and preventing ash hopper blockage. The rectangular cross-section can form good rigidity to prevent damage to the grille when coking lumps fall. At the same time, a high-temperature anti-bonding, anti-corrosion, and anti-wear coating with low surface energy is sprayed on the soot side of the steel ash hopper to reduce the adhesion of high-temperature coke lumps and lower the cleaning difficulty of the next process.

[0030] It should be noted here that the steel ash hopper has two connected openings, an upper conducting opening 130 and a lower conducting opening 140. The horizontal projection planes of the upper conducting opening 130 and the lower conducting opening 140 are both rectangles, not squares, and the horizontal projection planes are perpendicular to each other, making the front and back sides of the steel ash hopper inclined inward and the left and right side surfaces inclined outward. Specific reference can be made to the attached drawings.

[0031] And the left and right sides of the steel ash hopper 100 are respectively set as the first support plate 110 and the second support plate 120. The first support plate 110 is on the side close to the boiler inlet, and the second support plate 120 is on the side far from the boiler inlet. And the inclination angle of the first support plate 110 is greater than the inclination angle of the second support plate 120. The steel ash hopper 100 is an asymmetric structure. Through the above settings, the formation of large slag chunks can be inhibited, and it is difficult for slag lumps to form bridges and prevent ash hopper blockage. Among them, the slag cools and grows into thin slag at the front end plate of the ash hopper. When it reaches a certain thickness dimension, it dynamically falls under the action of gravity. To prevent the accumulation of falling slag lumps above the heavy grille 300, an additional rotary cutting device 200 is needed to clean regularly. Medium-sized slag lumps fall into the secondary crushing device 500 and are crushed into fine pieces and then discharged, avoiding the formation of large slagging in the steel ash hopper 100 and avoiding the formation of large slag chunks from the source, thus improving the overall safety factor.

[0032] It should be supplemented here that there are multi-layered reinforcing steel hoops arranged outside the steel ash hopper 100. Arranging the reinforcing steel hoops outside the steel ash hopper can strengthen the overall strength of the steel ash hopper to improve the service life and load-bearing capacity of the steel ash hopper and enhance the safety factor.

[0033] A heavy grille 300 is arranged at the lower end of the steel ash hopper 100. The heavy grille 300 can play a protective role to prevent large slag chunks from directly falling below and directly impacting the equipment below, affecting production safety. The heavy grille 300 can be composed of a cross-shaped staggered slightly right-tilted grille baffle 310 and a grille baffle 320, with grille holes that penetrate up and down on the surface, which can allow medium and small-sized slag chunks to pass through to ensure the safety and continuity of operations under normal working conditions.

[0034] By setting up the heavy-duty grid 300, large-sized slag can be buffered and combined. Some large-sized slag will be broken under the impact of the collision with the heavy-duty grid 300, dispersed into small-sized slag and then fall to the bottom and discharged from the steel ash hopper, thereby realizing the discharge of slag; however, there is still some large-sized slag that will not be broken and will remain at the upper end of the heavy-duty grid 300 for a long time, affecting the normal discharge of subsequent slag.

[0035] To address the issue of slag remaining on the top of the heavy-duty grille 300 being unable to be crushed and discharged, a rotary cutter 200 is installed on the outside of the steel ash hopper 100. When a large amount of slag accumulates on the top of the heavy-duty grille 300, the rotary cutter 200 is controlled to enter the inside of the steel ash hopper 100 and crush large slag from one side. This can actively break up large slag, reducing it to smaller size and allowing it to be properly discharged through the grille holes of the heavy-duty grille 300. If the rotary cutter 200 cannot remove particularly large slag produced under particularly harsh operating conditions, it is manually pulled out of the hopper's right side by a winch, using the slightly right-tilted grille baffle as a channel.

[0036] A cutting opening 111 is provided on one side of the first support plate 110 . The size of the cutting opening 111 is the same as the side wall area of ​​the cutting device 200 . The cutting device 200 can reciprocate through the cutting opening 111 to crush the slag inside the steel ash hopper 100 .

[0037] As a preferred rotary cutting method; the rotary cutting device 200 includes a rotary cutting mounting seat 220, and a plurality of linearly distributed rotary cutting teeth 210 are installed on the side wall of the rotary cutting mounting seat 220. A pulley track is provided at the lower end of the rotary cutting mounting seat 220 to allow the rotary cutting mounting seat 220 and the rotary cutting teeth to move back and forth to enter and exit the rotary cutting opening 111, thereby achieving the crushing treatment of the internal slag; it should be noted here that the top of the rotary cutting teeth is conical, and the conical surface is provided with a rotary cutting thread. The electric control device inside the rotary cutting mounting seat 220 can control the rotation of the multiple rotary cutting teeth 210 to achieve the treatment of the slag blocks inside the steel ash hopper 100 and complete the slag crushing process.

[0038] It should be noted here that the rotary cutting mounting seat 220 and the rotary cutting tooth 210 have horizontal lengths L1 and L2 respectively, and the horizontal projection length of the rotary cutting opening 111 of the steel ash hopper 100 is L, where L=L1+L2; during the rotary cutting process, the rotary cutting tooth 210 can be fully extended into the inner side of the steel ash hopper 100, thereby achieving full-path rotary cutting and crushing.

[0039] The cutting plate 230 is fixedly provided on the surface of the cutting mounting seat 220. The cutting plate 230 is located on the surface of the cutting mounting seat 220 and is staggered with the cutting teeth 210 in the horizontal position. The setting of the cutting plate 230 can protect the main part of the cutting device 200. When the cutting device 200 extends into the steel ash hopper for cutting, the cutting teeth 210 are located inside the crushed slag, and the slag can protect the cutting teeth. When the cutting device 200 moves to the inside, the upper end of the cutting mounting seat 220 lacks protection. By setting the cutting plate 230, a protective layer can be formed on the upper end of the cutting mounting seat 220, which can prevent the slag formed above from directly impacting the surface of the cutting mounting seat 220, thereby playing a protective role and reducing the impact of the slag on the surface of the cutting mounting seat 220.

[0040] Please refer to the attached Figure 3 The steel ash hopper 100 is integrally installed at the upper end of the slagging processing platform 600, and a crushing device 500 is installed at the lower end of the slagging processing platform 600. The crushing device 500 can centrally crush the slag passing through the heavy grid 300 to further reduce the size of the slag, which is convenient for subsequent transportation and storage.

[0041] As a preferred crushing method; the crushing device 500 includes a crushing bucket 530, the upper end of the crushing bucket 530 is connected to the lower end of the steel ash hopper 100 through the transition bucket 400, and the lower end has an open opening that can correspond to the scraper to realize the transfer of slag after crushing; a driving shaft 510 and a crushing roller 520 are arranged inside the crushing bucket 530, and the driving shaft 510 is controlled by an electronic control device to drive the crushing roller 520 to rotate, completing the crushing processing of the fallen slag and realizing the crushing processing process; the driving shaft 510 and the crushing roller can be selected as two groups set at intervals, and the fallen slag is squeezed and crushed between the two groups of crushing rollers 520.

[0042] Finally, the crushed slag falls onto the surface of the scraper below. The scraper scrapes the crushed slag into the CD pump tank, and then transports it to the designated target bin through dense phase airflow for use in the next process.

[0043] In this embodiment, the slag at the inlet radiation part of the copper smelting waste heat boiler falls from the upper conductive opening 130 to the inside of the steel ash hopper 100. The small-sized slag falls to the surface of the heavy-duty grid 300 and directly passes through the heavy-duty grid and the transition bucket 400, and then falls into the crushing device 500 to complete the crushing, and finally falls to the surface of the scraper to be transferred and collected for use in the next process.

[0044] Some of the larger slag falls onto the surface of the heavy-duty grid 300. Under the action of the impact, the large slag is broken into small slag, and finally falls into the crushing device 500, realizing a continuous crushing and transportation process.

[0045] Some larger slag falls onto the surface of the heavy-duty grid 300 and is not crushed or decomposed to a large size and remains on the surface of the heavy-duty grid 300 and cannot fall into the crushing device 500. The accumulated slag at this time affects the subsequent crushing and discharge of the slag. At this time, the rotary cutting device 200 on one side extends from the rotary cutting opening 111 side into the steel ash hopper 100, and crushes the large-sized slag on the surface of the heavy-duty grid 300 during the movement, so that the slag can be decomposed into smaller sized slag that can pass through the heavy-duty grid 300, thereby crushing the large-sized slag. The rotary cutting device 200 can reciprocate through the rotary cutting opening 111 to achieve efficient cleaning of large-sized slag. When large pieces do not fall off, rotary cutting begins, and rotary cutting can be performed 2 to 3 times a day to prevent the accumulation of slag blocks.

[0046] In addition, the steel ash hopper 100 has an asymmetric characteristic, and the inclination angle of the first support plate 110 on the side close to the boiler is greater than the inclination angle of the second support plate 120 on the side away from the boiler. Through the above-mentioned setting method, even if the amount of slag is large and the bridging is completed, at this time, due to the inconsistent inclination angles on both sides, the moving speeds of the two ends after bridging are inconsistent, and the slag bridge after bridging will break during the movement inside the steel ash hopper 100. The slag size is avoided from becoming larger in the initial stage of slag movement, and the slag blocks are not easy to bridge to form large blocks, which prevents the ash hopper from being blocked and ensures the normal discharge of slag.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the dimensions of the steel ash hopper are: the length of the upper opening is generally greater than or equal to 5500 mm, the width is greater than or equal to 5000 mm, the length of the lower opening is generally greater than or equal to 2000 mm, the width is greater than or equal to 5500 mm, the wall thickness is greater than or equal to 10 mm, the larger the ash hopper inclination angle is generally, the better, and the difference in inclination angle between the left and right sides is 10°~20°, so that the coke blocks are not easy to bridge to form large blocks, preventing the ash hopper from being blocked; please refer to the attached for details. Figure 3 The length direction of the lower opening is along the length direction of the rotary cutting device 200, and the width direction is the moving direction of the rotary cutting device 200; the upper opening is arranged perpendicular to the lower opening, and its length direction is along the moving direction of the rotary cutting device 200, and the width direction is perpendicular to it. Example 2

[0048] Refer to the attached Figure 6The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that a metal corrugated flexible sealing device 700 is provided on the outside of the steel ash hopper 100, which has certain high temperature resistance and toughness and is not easy to be damaged. The metal corrugated flexible sealing device 700 includes a flexible sealing component 1 710 and a flexible sealing component 2 720. The flexible sealing component 1 710 is located at the upper end of the slagging processing platform 600, and can seal and protect the outside of the steel ash hopper 100 to prevent the dust generated by the crushed slag during the rotary cutting process from drifting to the outside, thereby protecting the surrounding environment; the flexible sealing component 2 720 at the bottom end flexibly seals the lower end, separating the lower end device from the external environment, and also preventing the dust generated by the crushing of the lower end from overflowing, thereby optimizing the working environment and ensuring the health of the operators.

[0049] In this embodiment, by providing a metal corrugated flexible sealing device 700 on the outside of the steel ash hopper 100, the steel ash hopper 100 can be separated from the external environment, which can effectively prevent the dust from overflowing due to slagging and crushing at openings such as the rotary opening 111, protect the working environment, and at the same time improve the recycling rate.

[0050] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A closed-circuit treatment device for preventing large slags from forming in waste heat boilers, used for waste heat boilers in copper smelting, characterized by: include: Slagging treatment platform (600); A steel ash hopper (100) is provided at the upper end of the slagging treatment platform (600) for accommodating slagging. The left and right sides of the steel ash hopper (100) are asymmetrically arranged. A rotary cut-off opening (111) is provided on the left side of the steel ash hopper (100), and a heavy-duty grille (300) is provided at the bottom end. The cutting device (200) comprises a sliding cutting mounting seat (220), wherein a plurality of cutting teeth (210) are provided on one side of the cutting mounting seat (220) close to the cutting opening (111), and a blocking steel plate (230) is provided on the upper end of the cutting mounting seat (220); The rotary cutting device (200) is located at the upper end of the heavy-duty grid (300) and corresponds to the position of the rotary cutting opening (111). The rotary cutting device (200) is regularly controlled to extend into the rotary cutting opening (111) to achieve slagging. The steel ash hopper (100) comprises a first support plate (110) and a second support plate (120) arranged on the left and right, wherein the first support plate (110) has a greater inclination angle than the second support plate (120), and the rotary cut opening (111) is located on the surface of the first support plate (110); The upper end of the steel ash hopper (100) is provided with an upper conductive opening (130), and the lower end is provided with a lower conductive opening (140), and both the upper conductive opening (130) and the lower conductive opening (140) are rectangular; The horizontal projection surfaces of the upper conductive opening and the lower conductive opening are both rectangular, not square, and the horizontal projection surfaces are perpendicular to each other; the front and rear sides of the steel ash hopper are inclined inward, and the left and right side surfaces are inclined outward.

2. The closed-circuit treatment device for preventing large slag buildup in a waste heat boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: A crushing device (500) connected to the steel ash hopper (100) is provided at the lower end of the slagging treatment platform (600). The crushing device (500) includes a crushing bucket (530). The inner wall of the crushing bucket (530) is rotatably connected to a driving shaft (510). A crushing roller (520) is provided on the surface of the driving shaft (510).

3. The closed-circuit treatment device for preventing slagging from becoming large in size in a waste heat boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that: A transition bucket (400) is provided between the crushing bucket (530) and the steel ash bucket (100), which is connected to each other in an upper and lower direction.

4. The closed-circuit treatment device for preventing slagging from becoming large in size in a waste heat boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heavy-duty grille (300) comprises a plurality of grille baffles 1 (310) and grille baffles 2 (320), wherein the grille baffles 1 (310) and grille baffles 2 (320) are arranged in a cross-like manner at equal heights and slightly tilted to the right.

5. The closed-circuit treatment device for preventing slagging from becoming large in size in a waste heat boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a metal corrugated flexible sealing device (700), which separates the processing device from the external environment.

6. The closed-circuit treatment device for preventing slagging from becoming large in size in a waste heat boiler according to claim 5, characterized in that: The metal corrugated flexible sealing device (700) comprises a flexible sealing component 1 (710) located at the upper end of the slagging treatment platform (600), and a flexible sealing component 2 (720) located at the lower end of the slagging treatment platform (600), wherein the flexible sealing component 1 (710) and the flexible sealing component 2 (720) are connected to each other.

Images