A method for breeding potato with double harvest of tomato, fruit and tuber

Abstract

The present invention provides a breeding method for a potato with both eggplant and fruit. The method comprises: using the purple powder-resistant potato of Zhejiang University as the male parent and the powder-resistant potato of Zhejiang University as the female parent, hybridizing to obtain seedlings, planting the seedlings, selecting and retaining the plant with multiple eggplants and fruit, and then selecting and retaining the potato tuber plant with purple skin and purple flesh, planting tubers, retaining the planting of purple leaves in the seedling stage, selecting and retaining the plant with stable flowering and multiple eggplants, selecting and retaining the plant with purple skin and purple flesh and uniform and stable potato tubers, selecting and retaining the asexual plant S2 with high anthocyanin, planting tubers, selecting and retaining the asexual plant S3 with high resistant starch; planting tubers, taking the potato tuber yield as the priority screening condition, selecting and retaining the asexual plant S4 with high potato tuber yield and eggplant yield; planting tubers in stages to determine the stability, and breeding and obtaining the potato with both eggplant and fruit. The present invention can not only obtain the potato with both eggplant and fruit, but also significantly reduce the breeding population, has the technical advantages of saving labor and cost, and realizes the advantages of better and more efficient breeding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of potato breeding, and in particular to a breeding method for eggplant, fruit and tuber double-harvest potatoes. Background Art

[0002] The prevalence of diabetes in my country is 12.8%, with 150 million patients; the prevalence of dyslipidemia is 18.6%, with 160 million patients. Resistant starch (RS) is a general term for starch and starch degradation products that are difficult to digest and absorb in the small intestine of a healthy human body. It has many important physiological functions, such as lowering blood sugar and blood lipids, controlling body weight, and promoting intestinal health. New varieties with high resistant starch suitable for diabetic patients are an important breeding goal.

[0003] Potatoes are generally not self-compatible, and few varieties of plants can produce flowers and fruits. There are also reports of grafting potatoes and tomatoes, with tomatoes growing on the top and potatoes bearing on the bottom, to achieve double harvests on one plant, but there has been no actual large-scale application.

[0004] To this end, the present invention provides a breeding method for double-harvesting potatoes with eggplant, fruit and tubers, which can harvest both above and below ground, and is suitable for developing creative agriculture to meet the nutritional needs of the Healthy China Action. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a method for breeding potatoes with both eggplant, fruit and tuber harvests, which can not only obtain potatoes with both eggplant, fruit and tuber harvests, but also significantly reduce the breeding population, has the technical advantages of saving labor and cost, and achieves the advantages of better and more efficient breeding.

[0006] The specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0007] A method for breeding double-harvesting potatoes with eggplant, fruit and tuber, comprising the following steps:

[0008] (1) Using the ZJU purple resistant pink potato as the male parent and the ZJU resistant pink potato as the female parent, hybridization was performed to obtain F1 generation seedlings;

[0009] (2) F1 generation seedlings are grown in a greenhouse. When flowering, plants with more flowers and eggplant fruits are selected for further planting. After the tubers are harvested, tubers with purple skin and purple flesh are selected to obtain S1 generation seed potatoes;

[0010] (3) Planting the S1 generation, retaining the plants with purple leaves during the seedling stage and continuing to plant, and after flowering and fruiting, selecting the plants with stable flowering and fruiting, and after harvesting, selecting the tubers with purple skin and purple flesh and uniform homozygous and stable, and measuring the anthocyanin content of the tubers, selecting the asexual plants with high anthocyanin content, and obtaining the S2 generation seed potatoes;

[0011] (4) Planting the S2 generation, selecting clones with high resistant starch, and obtaining S3 generation seed potatoes;

[0012] (5) Planting the S3 generation, with tuber yield as the priority screening condition, selecting asexual plants with high tuber yield and solanum fruit yield to obtain S4 generation seed potatoes;

[0013] (6) Planting the S4 generation in stages, selecting plants with stable traits, and breeding potatoes that can produce both eggplant, fruit and tubers.

[0014] Among them, Zhejiang University Purple Resistant Flour Potato is a new variety of potato with purple skin and purple flesh with high resistant starch content bred by Zhejiang University. It has applied for plant variety protection to the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (application number: 20221002296), and the plant variety protection announcement was issued on November 1, 2022. It can be purchased from the Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Zhejiang University.

[0015] Among them, Zhejiang University's resistant starch potato is a new functional potato variety bred by Zhejiang University with high resistant starch content, light red skin and yellow flesh, and rare flowering and fruiting. It has applied to the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs for plant variety protection (application number: 20221000976). For details, please see the July 1, 2022 announcement on the protection of plant variety rights. It can be purchased from the Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Zhejiang University.

[0016] Furthermore, in step (2), the number of flowers ≥ 20 per plant and the number of above-ground eggplant fruits ≥ 8 per plant are used as the criteria for selecting plants with many flowers and eggplant fruits.

[0017] Furthermore, in step (3), anthocyanin ≥ 2.0 mg / g is used as the criterion for judging high anthocyanin clone plants.

[0018] Furthermore, in step (4), resistant starch ≥ 4.5% is used as the criterion for judging the high resistant starch asexual plants.

[0019] Furthermore, in step (5), underground tuber yield ≥ 3000 jin / mu and aboveground eggplant number ≥ 8 / plant are used as evaluation criteria for selecting asexual plants that prioritize tuber yield while taking eggplant yield into consideration.

[0020] Furthermore, in step (6), the S4 generation is planted in stages by sowing once every 6 to 8 days, for a total of 2 to 4 times.

[0021] Furthermore, in step (6), the evaluation criteria for trait stability are: number of flowers ≥ 20 / plant, number of above-ground solanaceous fruits ≥ 8 / plant, seed coat color and flesh color of the tuber are both purple, anthocyanin content ≥ 2.0 mg / g, and resistant starch mass percentage ≥ 4.5%.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] (1) The potato with both eggplant and fruit tubers bred by the present invention has above-ground plants with light purple flowers (for ornamental purposes) and eggplant and fruit (for special vegetables), and underground tubers with purple-red skin and purple-red flesh. The tubers are rich in resistant starch and have higher anthocyanins and iron (for ornamental and functional purposes) and better fresh-eating quality. They are edible and have multiple uses, and are particularly suitable for developing creative agriculture and promoting the integration of agriculture and tourism and industrial development.

[0024] (2) The present invention selects parents with high resistant starch to ensure breeding goals, uses flowering potatoes as female parents for hybridization to facilitate obtaining a large breeding population, and uses the association between purple skin and purple flesh and leaf color to quickly reduce the breeding population. A series of efficient selection breeding strategies are formulated in a targeted manner, which has the characteristics of high efficiency. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] Study on the flowering and fruiting characteristics of potato and the correlation between purple leaves, purple skin and purple flesh

[0028] The two potato varieties selected by the present invention, Zhejiang University Flour Resistant Potato and Zhejiang University Purple Flour Resistant Potato, were used as materials for positive and negative cross experiments. The results showed that: (1) The Zhejiang University Flour Resistant Potato, which has good self-compatibility, abundant flowering and fruiting, and light red skin and yellow flesh, was used as the female parent. It produced many eggplant fruits and was very easy to obtain a large number of F1 seeds; while the Zhejiang University Purple Flour Resistant Potato, which basically did not bloom or bear fruit and had purple skin and purple flesh, was used as the female parent. It was difficult to produce eggplant fruits and obtain a large number of F1 seeds. Therefore, it is very necessary to select Zhejiang University Flour Resistant Potato as the female parent when formulating a breeding plan. (2) Regardless of whether the potato variety Zhejiang University Purple Flour Resistant Potato is used as the male parent or the female parent, follow-up observations of its F1 and progeny show that as long as the skin and flesh are purple, its new leaves will also show light purple leaves at an early stage. There is a very significant correlation between the two. Therefore, purple new leaves can be used as an early selection criterion for purple skin and purple flesh.

[0029] Table 1 Study on the flowering and fruiting characteristics and the correlation between the purple leaves, purple skin and purple flesh of Zhejiang University pink-resistant sweet potato and Zhejiang University purple pink-resistant sweet potato

[0030]

[0031] Example 2

[0032] A breeding method for double-harvesting potatoes with eggplant, fruit and tubers, comprising the following specific steps:

[0033] (1) Using the ZJU purple resistant pink potato as the male parent and the ZJU resistant pink potato as the female parent, hybridization was performed to obtain F1 generation seedlings;

[0034] (2) F1 generation seedlings are grown in a greenhouse. When flowering, plants with more flowers and eggplant fruits are selected for further planting. After the tubers are harvested, tubers with purple skin and purple flesh are selected to obtain S1 generation seed potatoes;

[0035] The criteria for selecting plants with many flowers and eggplant fruits were ≥20 flowers / plant and ≥8 above-ground eggplant fruits / plant.

[0036] (3) Planting the S1 generation, retaining the plants with purple leaves during the seedling stage and continuing to plant, and after flowering and fruiting, selecting the plants with stable flowering and fruiting, and after harvesting, selecting the tubers with purple skin and purple flesh and uniform homozygous and stable, and measuring the anthocyanin content of the tubers, selecting the asexual plants with high anthocyanin content, and obtaining the S2 generation seed potatoes;

[0037] Anthocyanin ≥ 2.0 mg / g was used as the judging standard for high anthocyanin clone plants.

[0038] (4) Planting the S2 generation, selecting clones with high resistant starch, and obtaining S3 generation seed potatoes;

[0039] Resistant starch ≥ 4.5% was used as the criterion for judging high resistant starch asexual plants.

[0040] (5) Planting the S3 generation, with tuber yield as the priority screening condition, selecting asexual plants with high tuber yield and solanum fruit yield to obtain S4 generation seed potatoes;

[0041] The evaluation criteria for selecting asexual plants that prioritize tuber yield while taking eggplant yield into consideration are underground tuber yield ≥ 3,000 jin / mu and above-ground eggplant number ≥ 8 / plant.

[0042] (6) Planting the S4 generation in stages, selecting plants with stable traits, and breeding potatoes that can produce both eggplant, fruit and tubers, initially named "Shuangfeng potatoes";

[0043] The evaluation criteria for trait stability are the number of flowers ≥ 20 per plant, the number of above-ground solanaceous fruits ≥ 8 per plant, the seed coat color and the potato flesh color of the tuber are both purple, the anthocyanin content is ≥ 2.0 mg / g, and the mass percentage of resistant starch is ≥ 4.5%.

[0044] The comparison of anthocyanins, resistant starch and iron of various varieties is shown in Table 2. The determination methods of various indicators in Table 2 are as follows: anthocyanins refer to: GB / T 22244-2008 Determination of anthocyanins in health foods; resistant starch (RS3) in cooked potatoes refer to: DB23 / T1245-2008; iron refer to: GB / T5009.14-2003; amylose refer to: Yang Huanchun et al. Comparison of detection methods for amylose content in potato tubers. "China Potato", Issue 06, 2015.

[0045] According to variety comparison tests, the bred "Shuangfeng Potato" has purple-red skin and purple-red flesh, anthocyanin content of 2.94 mg / g, resistant starch content of 4.9%, and iron content of 31.7 mg / kg. The anthocyanin and iron content are significantly higher than those of its parents, and the nutritional quality is better. This is because the skin of its parent, Zhejiang University's resistant powder potato, is light red, which may be related to the selection of new varieties with purple-red potato skin and flesh. In terms of fresh eating quality, "Shuangfeng Potato" has better quality and a softer and more glutinous taste, which is related to its amylose content of only 27.9%, which is significantly lower than that of its parents. Although the flowers are pink and purple like its parent, Zhejiang University's resistant powder potato, the stigmas of some individual flowers will be purple-black, combined with the purple-red potato skin and flesh, it has better ornamental value.

[0046] Table 2 Comparison of various traits of Zhejiang University resistant to pink potatoes, Zhejiang University purple resistant to pink potatoes and Shuangfeng potatoes

[0047]

[0048]

[0049] Note: * indicates extremely significant difference compared with Zheda Anti-Fenshu at 0.05 level

[0050] Therefore, the new potato variety "Shuangfengshu" that can harvest both eggplant, fruit and tuber is bred by the present invention. It has purple-red potato skin and pink-purple flowers, but some flower stigmas may appear purple-black. It has higher content of anthocyanins and iron, and better balances ornamental value and functional food. It is particularly suitable for developing creative agriculture and promoting the integration of agriculture and tourism and industrial development.

Claims

1. A method for breeding potatoes for both eggplant, fruit and tuber production, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Using the ZJU Purple-resistant Pink Potato as the male parent and the ZJU resistant Pink Potato as the female parent, hybridization was performed to obtain F1 generation seedlings; (2) F1 generation seedlings were raised in greenhouses. When flowering, plants with many flowers and eggplant fruits were selected for further planting. After the tubers were harvested, tubers with purple skin and purple flesh were selected to obtain S1 generation seed potatoes. The number of flowers ≥ 20 per plant and the number of above-ground eggplant fruits ≥ 8 per plant were used as the criteria for selecting plants with many flowers and eggplant fruits. (3) Planting the S1 generation, retaining the plants with purple leaves in the seedling stage and continuing to plant, and after flowering and fruiting, select the plants with stable flowering and fruiting. After harvesting, select the tubers with purple skin and purple flesh and uniform homozygous and stable, and measure the anthocyanin content of the tubers, select the asexual plants with high anthocyanin content, and obtain the S2 generation seed potatoes; anthocyanin ≥ 2.0 mg / g is used as the criterion for selecting the asexual plants with high anthocyanin content; (4) Planting the S2 generation, selecting clones with high resistant starch, and obtaining S3 generation seed potatoes; using resistant starch ≥ 4.5% as the criterion for selecting clones with high resistant starch; (5) Planting the S3 generation, with tuber yield as the priority screening condition, selecting asexual plants with high tuber yield and tomato yield to obtain S4 generation seed potatoes; underground tuber yield ≥ 3,000 jin / mu and aboveground tomato number ≥ 8 / plant as the evaluation criteria for selecting asexual plants that prioritize tuber yield while taking tomato yield into consideration; (6) Plant the S4 generation in stages, select plants with stable traits, and breed potatoes that can produce both tomato, fruit, and tuber. The S4 generation was planted in stages by sowing once every 6 to 8 days, for a total of 2 to 4 times. The evaluation criteria for trait stability were the number of flowers ≥ 20 per plant, ≥ 8 above-ground tomato fruit per plant, purple seed coat and flesh color of the tuber, anthocyanin content ≥ 2.0 mg / g, and resistant starch mass percentage ≥ 4.5%.

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