Preparation process of high-strength aluminum alloy material

Abstract

The application discloses a preparation process of high-strength aluminum alloy material, and the equipment of the aluminum alloy material preparation process comprises a vacuum chamber, an oil discharging cylinder, an electric resistance heating device, an alloy feeding device, a vacuum pumping system, an aluminum liquid bag, an ingot mold base and an ingot mold trolley; the preparation process comprises the following steps: inserting a suction nozzle of the vacuum chamber into the aluminum liquid bag, and sucking the aluminum liquid in the aluminum liquid bag into the vacuum chamber by using the pressure difference between the vacuum chamber and the atmosphere; stopping the lifted aluminum liquid in the vacuum chamber for 6-10 seconds, then lifting the vacuum chamber, separating the suction nozzle of the vacuum chamber from the aluminum liquid, stopping for 5-8 seconds, and making the aluminum liquid return into the aluminum liquid bag completely; repeating the steps A and B for 5-10 times; starting a ladle turning mechanism to pour the aluminum liquid into the ingot mold base and then into a crystallizer to crystallize, and after the pouring is completed, the ingot mold trolley is used to pull and send the aluminum liquid to a demolding section to be demolded. The application can effectively control the hydrogen content in the melt, reduce the influence of hydrogen on the structure and performance of the metal material, and improve the performance of the alloy.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy material preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation process of high-strength aluminum alloy material. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the production and processing of aluminum alloy, first, aluminum ingots or scrap aluminum blocks are loaded into a mixing furnace for smelting. In the smelting process, hydrogen absorption and slag inclusion increase, which causes coarse grains and reduces mechanical properties in the casting and solidification process. The sources of hydrogen in aluminum and aluminum alloy mainly include the following ways: 1. The water in the aluminum ingots, refining agents, covering agents, modifying agents, furnace linings, etc. which are not sufficiently dried reacts with the aluminum liquid to form atomic hydrogen dissolved in the aluminum liquid; 2. The water and hydrogen oxides such as Al2O3·H2O in the furnace charge and dross, and the water generated when the fuel is burned, also generate atomic hydrogen dissolved in the aluminum liquid. The solubility of hydrogen in the aluminum liquid increases with the increase of temperature. When the liquid aluminum and solid aluminum coexist in equilibrium, the solubility of hydrogen in the solid aluminum is smaller than that in the liquid aluminum at the same temperature. When the liquid aluminum and aluminum alloy solidify, the hydrogen precipitated is not diffused in time and quickly escapes, thereby causing a large number of gas holes, pores and other defects in the castings, forming lines and bands in the extension processing of the castings, and making the structure of the finished product and plate loose, reducing the air tightness and the strength and toughness, and causing serious consequences. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a preparation process of high-strength aluminum alloy material which can take appropriate degassing measures to control the hydrogen content in the melt, reduce the influence of hydrogen in the metal on the structure and properties of the metal material, and improve the performance of the alloy. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to provide a preparation process of high-strength aluminum alloy material which can take appropriate degassing measures to control the hydrogen content in the melt, reduce the influence of hydrogen in the metal on the structure and properties of the metal material, and improve the performance of the alloy.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a preparation process of high-strength aluminum alloy material, the equipment used in the preparation process of high-strength aluminum alloy material includes a vacuum chamber, an oil cylinder, an electric resistance heating device, an alloy feeding device, a vacuum pumping system, an aluminum liquid tank, an ingot mold base and an ingot mold trolley;

[0005] The preparation process includes the following steps: A, starting the oil cylinder to drive the vacuum chamber to descend, inserting the suction nozzle of the vacuum chamber into the aluminum liquid tank, reducing the pressure of the vacuum chamber to 0.1-0.5 mmHg through the vacuum pumping system, using the pressure difference between the vacuum chamber and the atmosphere to suck the aluminum liquid in the aluminum liquid tank into the vacuum chamber, and lifting the aluminum liquid to a height of 600-1400 mm, and adding alloys through the alloy feeding device;

[0006] B, the raised liquid aluminum stays in the vacuum chamber for 6-10 seconds, and then the pressure cylinder is started to drive the vacuum chamber to rise, so that the suction nozzle of the vacuum chamber is separated from the liquid aluminum, and stays for 5-8 seconds, so that the liquid aluminum returns to the liquid aluminum bag completely;

[0007] C, the steps A and B are repeated for 5-10 times;

[0008] D, the pressure cylinder is started to drive the vacuum chamber to rise to the highest position, the liquid aluminum bag is placed for 5-10 minutes, and then the ladle mechanism is started to pour the liquid aluminum into the chute, so that the liquid aluminum enters the ingot mold base and then enters the crystallizer to crystallize, and after the pouring is completed, the ingot mold trolley is used to send the ingot mold to the demolding section for demolding.

[0009] Further, the liquid aluminum capacity of the liquid aluminum suctioned into the vacuum chamber each time is 10-15% of the total liquid aluminum capacity in the liquid aluminum bag.

[0010] Further, the resistance heating device is arranged outside the vacuum chamber, and the temperature of the liquid aluminum in the vacuum chamber is controlled to be 700-780 DEG C.

[0011] Further, the speed of the pressure cylinder driving the vacuum chamber to rise and fall is 50-200 mm / s.

[0012] The technical effects and advantages of the present application are as follows:

[0013] Firstly, the present application uses the lifting degassing method to make the liquid aluminum boil violently in the vacuum chamber, and the degassing effect is good, the hydrogen content in the liquid aluminum can be reduced from 2.5-8.5 ppm before treatment to 1.0-2.5 ppm, which reduces the influence of hydrogen in the metal on the organization and performance of the metal material, improves the performance of the alloy, and improves the strength and toughness of the alloy; secondly, the alloy is added in the treatment process to prevent the alloy from being added too early in the aluminum ingot smelting furnace and causing serious burning loss, and the alloy element yield is high; thirdly, the resistance heating device is also used to heat the liquid aluminum, the temperature drop of the liquid aluminum is small, and the treatment effect is good; finally, the ingot mold base and the crystallizer are arranged on the ingot mold trolley, the aluminum bar is transported to the demolding section through the ingot mold trolley, the operation is stable, safe and reliable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 The whole process flow chart of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0015] In the figure, 1 is an ingot mold trolley, 2 is an ingot mold base, 3 is a chute, 4 is a liquid aluminum bag, 5 is a suction nozzle, 6 is a resistance heating device, 7 is a vacuum chamber, 8 is a pressure cylinder, 9 is a vacuum pumping system, and 10 is an alloy feeding device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort belong to the scope of the present application.

[0017] The present application provides a preparation process of a high-strength aluminum alloy material as shown in the figure, characterized by: the equipment used in the preparation process of the high-strength aluminum alloy material comprises a vacuum chamber 7, an oil cylinder 8, a resistance heating device 6, an alloy feeding device 10, a vacuum pumping system 9, an aluminum liquid tank 4, an ingot mold base 2, and an ingot mold trolley 1. Figure 1 The preparation process comprises the following steps: A, starting the oil cylinder 8 to drive the vacuum chamber 7 to descend, so that the suction nozzle 5 of the vacuum chamber 7 is inserted into the aluminum liquid tank 4, the vacuum chamber 7 is depressurized to 0.1-0.5 mmHg by the vacuum pumping system 9, the aluminum liquid in the aluminum liquid tank 4 is sucked into the vacuum chamber 7 by the pressure difference between the vacuum chamber 7 and the atmosphere, and the aluminum liquid is lifted to a height of 1000-1400 mm, and the alloy is added through the alloy feeding device 10;

[0018] B, the lifted aluminum liquid stays in the vacuum chamber 7 for 6-10 seconds, then the oil cylinder 8 is started to drive the vacuum chamber 7 to ascend, so that the suction nozzle 5 of the vacuum chamber 7 is separated from the aluminum liquid, and stays for 5-8 seconds, so that the aluminum liquid returns completely into the aluminum liquid tank 4;

[0019] C, repeating steps A and B for 5-10 times;

[0020] D, starting the oil cylinder 8 to make the vacuum chamber 7 ascend to the highest position, and then starting the ladle tilting mechanism to pour the aluminum liquid into the chute 3, so that the aluminum liquid enters the ingot mold base 2 and then enters the crystallizer to crystallize, and after the pouring is completed, the ingot mold trolley 1 is used to pull and send the ingot mold to the demolding section for demolding.

[0021] The aluminum liquid capacity sucked into the vacuum chamber 7 each time is 10-15% of the total aluminum liquid capacity in the aluminum liquid tank 4.

[0022] The resistance heating device 6 is arranged outside the vacuum chamber 7 to control the temperature of the aluminum liquid in the vacuum chamber 7 to be 700-780℃.

[0023] The lifting speed of the oil cylinder 8 driving the vacuum chamber 7 is 50-200 mm / s.

[0024] The resistance heating device 6 is arranged outside the vacuum chamber 7 to control the temperature of the aluminum liquid in the vacuum chamber 7 to be 700-780℃.

[0025] The process parameters for improving the dehydrogenation treatment in the present application mainly include: the amount of aluminum liquid suction, the number of lifting and lowering, the cycle factor, the stop time, the lifting and lowering speed and the lifting stroke. The amount of aluminum liquid suction is the amount of aluminum liquid lifted into the vacuum chamber 7 each time, which is determined by the capacity of the aluminum liquid bag. The amount of aluminum liquid suction each time is 10-15% of the total capacity of the aluminum liquid in the aluminum liquid bag 4. The number of lifting and lowering refers to the number of times the aluminum liquid enters the vacuum chamber 7 in batches during the treatment process. The cycle number is 5-10 times. When the vacuum chamber 7 is lowered to the lowest position, it needs to stay for 6-10 seconds, so that the aluminum liquid suctioned into the vacuum chamber 7 is subjected to a certain time of vacuum action, which is beneficial for degassing. Similarly, when the vacuum chamber 7 is lifted to the highest position, it needs to stay for 5-8 seconds, so that the aluminum liquid is completely returned into the aluminum liquid bag 4. The speed of the oil cylinder 8 driving the vacuum chamber 7 to lift and lower is 50-200 mm / s. The greater the lifting and lowering speed, the greater the aluminum liquid flow speed, and the greater the vacuum action on the aluminum liquid, so the degassing rate is improved. However, the lifting and lowering speed should not be too large, so as to prevent mechanical impact vibration and prevent the lining bricks of the suction nozzle 5 from being eroded too fast. During the treatment process, the amount of alloy added is added according to the required alloy elements of the aluminum alloy product. The vacuum lifting of the aluminum liquid can make the alloy elements uniformly distributed in the aluminum liquid and remove the gas brought in the alloy, further reduce the amount of hydrogen contained in the metal, improve the yield of alloy elements, and thus improve the organizational performance of the metal material.

Claims

1. A process for preparing a high-strength aluminum alloy material, characterized by: The equipment used in the high-strength aluminum alloy material preparation process includes a vacuum chamber (7), a pressure-release oil cylinder (8), a resistance heating device (6), an alloy feeding device (10), a vacuum pumping system (9), an aluminum liquid ladle (4), an ingot mold base (2), and an ingot mold trolley (1); The preparation process comprises the following steps: A. starting the pressure release oil cylinder (8) to drive the vacuum chamber (7) to descend, so that the suction nozzle (5) of the vacuum chamber (7) is inserted into the aluminum liquid bag (4), and the vacuum chamber (7) is decompressed to 0.1-0.5 mm Hg by the vacuum pumping system (9), and the aluminum liquid in the aluminum liquid bag (4) is sucked into the vacuum chamber (7) by utilizing the pressure difference between the vacuum chamber (7) and the atmosphere, and the aluminum liquid is lifted to a height of 600-1400 mm, and alloy is added through the alloy feeding device (10); the resistance heating device (6) is arranged outside the vacuum chamber (7) to control the temperature of the aluminum liquid in the vacuum chamber (7) to be 700°C-780°C; B. Allow the lifted aluminum liquid to stay in the vacuum chamber (7) for 6-10 seconds, then start the pressure release cylinder (8) to drive the vacuum chamber (7) to rise, so that the suction nozzle (5) of the vacuum chamber (7) is separated from the aluminum liquid, and stay for 5-8 seconds to allow the aluminum liquid to completely return to the aluminum liquid bag (4); C. Repeat steps A and B 5-10 times; D. Start the pressure release cylinder (8) to raise the vacuum chamber (7) to the highest position. Wait for the aluminum liquid ladle (4) to stand for 5-10 minutes, then start the ladle turning mechanism to pour the aluminum liquid into the chute (3). The aluminum liquid enters the ingot mold base (2) through the chute (3) and then is introduced into the crystallizer for crystallization. After the casting is completed, the ingot mold trolley (1) pulls it to the demoulding section for demoulding.

2. The process for preparing a high-strength aluminum alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume of the aluminum liquid sucked into the vacuum chamber (7) each time the aluminum liquid is lifted is 10-15% of the total volume of the aluminum liquid in the aluminum liquid bag (4).

3. The process for preparing a high-strength aluminum alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The speed at which the pressure-releasing oil cylinder (8) drives the vacuum chamber (7) to rise and fall is 50-200 mm / s.

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