Unloading device and method for shear wall reinforcement

Abstract

The present invention discloses an unloading device and method for reinforcing a shear wall. The unloading device is arranged between an upper shear wall at the top of the shear wall to be reinforced and a lower shear wall at the bottom of the shear wall to be reinforced. The upper load borne by the entire shear wall to be reinforced is transferred to the lower shear wall at the bottom of the shear wall to be reinforced, and then reinforcement is performed. After the reinforcement is completed, the load is transferred to the reinforced shear wall, and it is ensured that the load value borne by the reinforced shear wall is consistent with the original design value, thereby ensuring the safety of the reinforcement process and the reinforced building structure. The unloading device of the present invention has a reasonable structural design. During construction, it only needs to be operated on one side of the shear wall to be reinforced. It can be repeatedly disassembled and used. It has a wide range of uses and ensures the structural safety during the construction process and the overall safety of the building structure after construction. It can be widely used in the reinforcement project of shear wall structures and has high application value and economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a shear wall reinforcement technology, in particular to an unloading device and method for reinforcing a shear wall. Background Art

[0002] Shear wall reinforcement is a common method used to address low concrete strength or severe defects in shear wall structures. Before reinforcing a shear wall, the load must be removed to ensure that the stress in the reinforced structure remains consistent with the original design value. Currently, there are two unloading methods for shear wall reinforcement: supported unloading and unsupported unloading.

[0003] The unsupported unloading method involves reinforcing each shear wall in sections and loading the reinforced shear walls in sections using jacks. This achieves the goal of unloading the adjacent unreinforced shear walls while restoring the stress of the reinforced shear walls. Because the unsupported unloading method requires segmented reinforcement of each shear wall, and the load after the shear wall in the first section is removed is transferred to the shear wall in the adjacent unremoved section, the stress value of the shear wall in the adjacent unremoved section exceeds the design value, seriously affecting the structural safety during construction. Furthermore, segmented reinforcement of shear walls takes a long time, and after reinforcement, the stress values ​​of the shear walls in adjacent sections are inconsistent, resulting in uncoordinated structural stress, which seriously affects the overall safety of the building structure.

[0004] The supported unloading method requires setting up an unloading support system on both sides of the shear wall to be reinforced. For example, Chinese patent document CN113431375B discloses a shear wall replacement bracket limiting device and method, in which the jack and the column are set between the ends of the upper and lower beams on the same side, and a first limiting mechanism is provided in the middle of the upper and lower beams, and at the contact point with the concrete. A second limiting mechanism is provided between the upper beam and the jack, between the jack and the column, and between the column and the lower beam. When replacing the shear wall, square holes need to be opened above and below the concrete replacement area of ​​the wall to be demolished, and the upper and lower beams are respectively inserted into the square holes. The limiting mechanism is used for preliminary installation, and the jacks on both sides are used for jacking to realize the jacking and unloading of the wall to be demolished. This method is difficult to construct, requires a huge amount of materials and mechanical equipment, is expensive, and poses a large safety risk. The erection and dismantling of the support system requires a large amount of labor and is labor-intensive. During construction, it occupies space in adjacent areas and other floors, affecting the cross-operation of other processes. It is also not suitable for unloading and reinforcement of shear walls in high-rise and super-high-rise buildings.

[0005] Therefore, how to improve the existing shear wall reinforcement and unloading technology, simplify the construction procedures, ensure the structural safety of the reinforced shear wall, and at the same time not affect the working space in adjacent areas and other floors and adapt to the shear wall unloading reinforcement of high-rise buildings, remains an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned issues with existing shear wall reinforcement and unloading technologies, the present invention provides a shear wall reinforcement unloading device and method. Before each shear wall is reinforced, an overall unloading method is employed to reduce the load value of each shear wall to be reinforced to zero, and then reinforcement is performed. This method is simple, requires minimal space, does not involve space on other floors, and ensures structural safety during construction and the overall safety of the building structure after construction. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0007] First, the present invention provides a shear wall reinforcement and unloading device, which is arranged between the upper shear wall at the top of the shear wall to be reinforced and the lower shear wall at the bottom of the shear wall to be reinforced, and is used to unload the upper load borne by the shear wall to be reinforced as a whole; the device includes a supporting mechanism and an unloading mechanism; the supporting mechanism includes a supporting steel column and an upper unloading steel beam and a lower unloading steel beam arranged at the upper and lower ends of the supporting steel column and effectively connected to it through a column end turning steel support; one end of the upper unloading steel beam and the lower unloading steel beam on the same side are both installed in the support holes opened at the upper and lower ends of the shear wall to be reinforced through the beam end turning steel support, and the other ends are both used to connect the unloading mechanism; the unloading mechanism includes a through-type jack and a plurality of steel pull rods, and the steel pull rods are used to connect the through-type jack and the upper unloading steel beam and the lower unloading steel beam of the supporting mechanism; by adjusting the through-type jack to tension the steel pull rod, the upper unloading steel beam is driven to support the upper shear wall at the top of the shear wall to be reinforced, thereby unloading the upper load borne by the shear wall to be reinforced.

[0008] The aforementioned shear wall reinforcement and unloading device, the unloading mechanism also includes a conversion steel beam, and the through-type jack is installed on the conversion steel beam; there are three steel tie rods, one end of which passes through the conversion steel beam and the through-type jack from the bottom and is anchored at the top of the through-type jack, and the other end passes through the reserved hole on the lower unloading steel beam and is anchored at the bottom surface of the lower unloading steel beam; the other two steel tie rods are distributed on both sides of the through-type jack, one end of each of which passes through the turning steel beam from the top and is anchored at the bottom surface of the conversion steel beam, and the other end is anchored on the steel corbel riding on the upper unloading steel beam; by adjusting the through-type jack to tension each steel tie rod, the upper unloading steel beam is driven to support the upper shear wall on the top of the shear wall to be reinforced, so as to unload the load on the upper part of the shear wall to be reinforced.

[0009] Preferably, in the aforementioned shear wall reinforcement and unloading device, the steel corbel is straddled on the upper unloading steel beam, and its two ends are provided with reserved holes passing through the upper and lower surfaces, and two steel tie rods pass through the reserved holes at both ends of the steel corbel respectively and are anchored on the steel corbel.

[0010] Preferably, in the aforementioned shear wall reinforcement and unloading device, both ends of the steel tie rod are locked and anchored by anchors.

[0011] The aforementioned shear wall reinforcement and unloading device, the beam end turning steel support includes a first turning support arranged in the upper end support hole of the shear wall to be reinforced, and a second turning support arranged in the lower end support hole of the shear wall to be reinforced; the first turning support is arranged close to the bottom surface of the upper shear wall, and its center line coincides with the vertical center line of the upper shear wall; the second turning support is close to the top surface of the lower shear wall and is arranged opposite to the first turning support, and its center line coincides with the vertical center line of the lower shear wall.

[0012] The aforementioned shear wall reinforcement and unloading device, the column end turning steel support includes a third turning support arranged at the upper end of the supporting steel column, and a fourth turning support arranged at the lower end of the supporting steel column; the third turning support and the fourth turning support are arranged facing each other on the two opposite surfaces of the upper unloading steel beam and the lower unloading steel beam to achieve effective connection with the supporting steel column.

[0013] Preferably, in the aforementioned shear wall reinforcement and unloading device, one end of the upper unloading steel beam and the lower unloading steel beam installed in the support hole is provided with a wedge-shaped section, and the wedge-shaped section is arranged on two opposite surfaces of the upper unloading steel beam and the lower unloading steel beam.

[0014] Secondly, the present invention provides a shear wall reinforcement and unloading method, comprising the following steps:

[0015] a) Determine the number and placement of unloading devices based on the upper load borne by the entire shear wall to be reinforced;

[0016] b) Based on the results determined in step a), support holes are opened at corresponding positions on the upper and lower ends of the shear wall to be reinforced; the top of the support hole at the upper end of the shear wall to be reinforced is flush with the bottom structural surface of the upper floor slab, and the bottom of the support hole at the lower end of the shear wall to be reinforced is flush with the top structural surface of the lower floor slab;

[0017] c) Install the first and second steering supports in the support holes on the lower ends of the shear wall to be reinforced; insert the ends of the upper and lower unloading steel beams of the unloading device with the wedge-shaped sections into the corresponding support holes and connect them to the first and second steering supports;

[0018] d) Adjust the pre-tensioned steel rods using the through-type jacks so that the first and second turning supports, located in the support holes at the upper and lower ends of the shear wall to be reinforced, fit tightly against the structural surfaces of the upper and lower shear walls, respectively; and ensure that the centerline of the first turning support coincides with the vertical centerline of the upper shear wall, and the centerline of the second turning support coincides with the vertical centerline of the lower shear wall;

[0019] e) Adjust the through-type jack to tension the steel rod again to drive the unloading steel beam to support the upper shear wall on top of the shear wall to be reinforced, thereby unloading the upper load borne by the shear wall to be reinforced; when the stress value of the shear wall load to be reinforced is zero, lock the through-type jack;

[0020] f) Strengthen and maintain the shear walls to be reinforced according to the design method;

[0021] g) After the reinforcement and curing of the shear wall to be reinforced is completed, use a through-type jack to release the force on the steel tie rod and restore the load to the reinforced shear wall structure, and ensure that the load value on the reinforced shear wall structure is consistent with the design value;

[0022] h) Remove the unloading device and seal the support holes opened before reinforcement according to the design requirements. The construction is completed.

[0023] As a preferred technical solution, in step f), the method of reinforcing and maintaining the shear wall to be reinforced includes concrete replacement reinforcement, cross-section enlargement reinforcement, and other reinforcement methods that meet design requirements; specifically, the following steps are included:

[0024] f1) Remove the concrete on the shear wall to be reinforced, avoiding damage to the original reinforcement of the wall during the removal process; when increasing the cross-section for reinforcement, insert tie bars and tie vertical and horizontal bars;

[0025] f2) Apply interface agent at the interface between new and old concrete;

[0026] f3) Erect formwork and re-pour concrete;

[0027] f4) Cure the newly poured concrete until its strength reaches the design value and then remove the unloading device.

[0028] In addition, it should be noted that in step f3), when the formwork is erected and concrete is re-poured, holes are reserved at the first steering support and the second steering support for subsequent removal of the unloading device.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0030] 1) The present invention adopts an overall unloading method when reinforcing each shear wall. The upper load of the shear wall to be reinforced is transferred to the lower shear wall below the shear wall to be reinforced through an unloading device, so that the load value of the shear wall to be reinforced is zero. After the reinforcement is completed, the present invention is used to restore the upper load of the shear wall to the reinforced shear wall, so that the load value borne by the reinforced shear wall is consistent with the original design value, thereby ensuring structural safety.

[0031] 2) The device of the present invention only needs to be operated on one side of the shear wall to be reinforced during construction. Especially in the upper floors of high-rise buildings, construction only needs to be carried out inside the building to complete the unloading of the shear wall. During construction, it does not affect the construction or use of surrounding areas and other floors on the same floor, avoiding the tedious work of setting up unloading supports from bottom to top on both sides of the shear wall required by the supported unloading method.

[0032] 3) The method of the present invention completely solves the problem of inconsistent stress in each section of the shear wall when the unsupported unloading method is used for reinforcement, which requires segmented reinforcement of the shear wall, and solves the problem of structural safety during and after construction. At the same time, it avoids the limitation of the supported unloading method that requires the establishment of an unloading support system on both sides of the shear wall to be reinforced. It has a wide range of applications and ensures structural safety during construction and the overall safety of the building structure after construction.

[0033] 4) The device of the present invention has a reasonable structural design, a clear force flow path, all components can be repeatedly disassembled and assembled, the structure is simple and easy to operate, and the unloading capacity is strong, which reduces labor intensity and greatly reduces the amount of mechanical equipment and supporting materials. The work efficiency is significantly improved, which is conducive to controlling project costs and construction period. It can be widely used in the reinforcement projects of shear wall structures and has high application value and economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the shear wall reinforcement and unloading device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the unloading mechanism of the shear wall reinforcement unloading device of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: 1. Shear wall to be reinforced; 2. Upper shear wall; 3. Lower shear wall; 4. Support mechanism; 41. Support steel column; 42. Upper unloading steel beam; 43. Lower unloading steel beam; 44. Wedge-shaped section; 5. Unloading mechanism; 51. Through-type jack; 52. Conversion steel beam; 53. Steel tie rod; 6a. Column end steering steel support; 61. First steering support; 62. Second steering support; 6b. Beam end steering steel support; 63. Third steering support; 64. Fourth steering support; 7. Support hole; 8. Steel corbel; 9. Anchor; 101. Upper floor slab; 102. Lower floor slab. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the embodiments and drawings to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any other form. Any person skilled in the art may use the disclosed technical content to make changes or modifications. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] This embodiment is a shear wall reinforcement and unloading device and method, such as Figure 1As shown, the device is arranged between the upper shear wall 2 at the top of the shear wall 1 to be reinforced and the lower shear wall 3 at the bottom of the shear wall 1 to be reinforced, and is used to unload the upper load borne by the entire shear wall 1 to be reinforced; the device includes a support mechanism 4 and an unloading mechanism 5; the support mechanism 4 includes a support steel column 41 and an upper unloading steel beam 42 and a lower unloading steel beam 43 arranged at the upper and lower ends of the support steel column 41 and effectively connected to the support steel column 41 through a column end turning steel support 6a; the upper unloading steel beam 4 2 and one end on the same side of the lower unloading steel beam 43 are both installed in the support holes 7 opened at the upper and lower ends of the shear wall 1 to be reinforced through the beam end turning steel support 6b, and the other end is used to connect the unloading mechanism 5; the unloading mechanism 5 includes a through-type jack 51 and a plurality of steel tie rods 53. By adjusting the through-type jack 51 and tensioning the steel tie rods 53, the upper unloading steel beam 42 is driven to support the upper shear wall 2 on the top of the shear wall 1 to be reinforced, thereby unloading the upper load borne by the shear wall 1 to be reinforced. The present invention uses a through-type jack 51 to tension the steel tie rod 53 to drive the upper unloading steel beam 42 to support the upper shear wall 2 on the top of the shear wall 1 to be reinforced, and transfers the upper load of the entire shear wall 1 to be reinforced to the lower shear wall 3 at the bottom of the shear wall 1 to be reinforced, thereby realizing the unloading of the upper load borne by the entire shear wall 1 to be reinforced, and carrying out reinforcement construction after the load value on the shear wall 1 to be reinforced is zero. After the reinforcement is completed, the through-type jack is used to restore the load to the reinforced shear wall structure, and the load value borne by the reinforced shear wall is kept consistent with the original design value, thereby ensuring the safety of the entire construction process and the reinforced building structure.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, the shear wall reinforcement and unloading device described in this embodiment, the unloading mechanism 5 also includes a steering steel beam 52, and the through-type jack 51 is installed on the steering steel beam 52; the steel tie rods 53 are three, one end of which passes through the conversion steel beam 52 and the through-type jack 51 from the bottom and is anchored to the top of the through-type jack 51, and the other end passes through the reserved hole on the lower unloading steel beam 43 and is anchored to the bottom surface of the lower unloading steel beam 43; the other two steel tie rods 53 are perpendicular to the upper unloading The steel beam 42 is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the through-type jack 51 in the longitudinal direction, and the two steel tie rods 53 each have one end passing through the conversion steel beam 52 from the top and then anchored on the bottom surface of the conversion steel beam 52, and the other end passing through the reserved hole of the steel corbel 8 set on the upper unloading steel beam 42 and then anchored on the top of the steel corbel 8; by adjusting the through-type jack 51 to support each steel tie rod 53, the upper unloading steel beam 42 is driven to support the upper shear wall 2 on the top of the shear wall 1 to be reinforced, thereby unloading the upper load borne by the shear wall 1 to be reinforced. The steel corbel 8 is straddled on the upper unloading steel beam 42, and its two ends are provided with reserved holes passing through its upper and lower surfaces. The two steel tie rods 53 pass through the reserved holes at both ends of the steel corbel 8 and are anchored on the steel corbel 8, ensuring that the upper unloading steel beam 42 is subjected to balanced force and ensuring safety during the reinforcement construction process.

[0041] In this embodiment, both ends of each steel tie rod 53 are locked and anchored by anchors 9 to ensure the stability of the device. The beam-end turning steel support 6b includes a first turning support 61 disposed within the support hole 7 at the upper end of the shear wall 1 to be reinforced, and a second turning support 62 disposed within the support hole 7 at the lower end of the shear wall 1 to be reinforced. The column-end turning steel support 6a includes a third turning support 63 disposed at the upper end of the support steel column 41, and a fourth turning support 64 disposed at the lower end of the support steel column 41. The first steering support 61 is arranged close to the bottom surface of the upper shear wall 2, and its center line coincides with the vertical center line of the upper shear wall 2; the second steering support 62 is arranged close to the top surface of the lower shear wall 3 and is arranged facing the first steering support 61, and its center line coincides with the vertical center line of the lower shear wall 3. The third steering support 63 and the fourth steering support 64 are arranged facing each other on the two opposite surfaces of the upper unloading steel beam 42 and the lower unloading steel beam 43 for connecting the supporting steel column 41, ensuring that the upper unloading steel beam 42 and the lower unloading steel beam 43 connected thereto effectively support the upper shear wall 2 at the top of the shear wall 1 to be reinforced and the lower shear wall 3 at the bottom of the shear wall 1 to be reinforced, ensuring the safety of the shear wall 1 to be reinforced after the upper load borne by the shear wall 1 is unloaded.

[0042] In addition, to facilitate the installation of the unloading device and to maximize the safety of the construction process, in this embodiment, the upper unloading steel beam 42 and the lower unloading steel beam 43 are provided with a wedge-shaped cut surface 44 at one end installed in the support hole 7, and the wedge-shaped cut surface 44 is provided on two opposing surfaces of the upper unloading steel beam 42 and the lower unloading steel beam 43. This design facilitates distinguishing the upper and lower unloading steel beams and identifying the installation side of the unloading mechanism 5 when assembling the unloading device, thereby achieving rapid assembly. It also facilitates the insertion of the upper and lower unloading steel beams into the support hole 7 and their connection with the steering steel support 6 in the support hole 7 during the reinforcement construction of the shear wall 1 to be reinforced. In addition, since the ends are cut into a wedge shape, the cross-sectional area of ​​the upper and lower unloading steel beams inserted into the support hole 7 is reduced, and the opening size of the support hole 7 can be correspondingly reduced, further ensuring the safety of the construction process.

[0043] In this embodiment, the method for reinforcing and unloading a shear wall using the above-mentioned shear wall reinforcement and unloading device specifically includes the following steps:

[0044] a) The number and arrangement positions of the unloading devices are determined according to the upper load borne by the entire shear wall 1 to be reinforced.

[0045] b) Based on the result determined in step a), support holes 7 are opened at corresponding positions on the upper and lower ends of the shear wall 1 to be reinforced, with the top of the support hole 7 at the upper end being flush with the bottom structural surface of the upper floor slab 101, and the bottom of the support hole 7 at the lower end being flush with the top structural surface of the lower floor slab 102.

[0046] c) Install the first steering support 61 and the second steering support 62 in the support holes 7 opened at the upper and lower ends of the shear wall 1 to be reinforced, respectively; and insert the ends of the upper unloading steel beam 42 and the lower unloading steel beam 43 of the unloading device, which have the wedge-shaped section 44, into the corresponding support holes 7, respectively, and connect them to the first steering support 61 and the second steering support 62 to install the unloading device.

[0047] d) Adjust the pre-tensioned steel tie rod 53 of the through-type jack 51 so that the first steering support 61 and the second steering support 62 located in the support holes 7 at the upper and lower ends of the shear wall 1 to be reinforced are tightly fitted with the structural surfaces of the upper shear wall 2 and the lower shear wall 3, respectively; and ensure that the centerline of the first steering support 61 coincides with the vertical centerline of the upper shear wall 2, and the centerline of the second steering support 62 coincides with the vertical centerline of the lower shear wall 3.

[0048] e) Adjust the through-type jack 51 again to tension the steel tie rod 53 and drive the upper unloading steel beam 42 to support the upper shear wall 2 on top of the shear wall 1 to be reinforced, thereby unloading the upper load borne by the shear wall 1 to be reinforced. When the stress value of the load on the shear wall 1 to be reinforced is zero, lock the through-type jack 51.

[0049] f) Reinforce and maintain the shear wall 1 to be reinforced according to the design method; the reinforcement method includes concrete replacement reinforcement, cross-section enlargement reinforcement, and other reinforcement methods that meet the design requirements; specifically, the steps include:

[0050] f1) Remove the concrete on the shear wall 1 to be reinforced, avoiding damage to the original reinforcement of the wall during the removal process; when adopting the reinforcement method of increasing the cross-section, implant tie steel bars and tie the vertical and horizontal steel bars.

[0051] f2) Apply interface agent at the interface between new and old concrete.

[0052] f3) Setting up the formwork and re-pouring concrete; when setting up the formwork, holes are reserved at the first steering support 61 and the second steering support 62 for subsequent removal of the unloading device.

[0053] f4) Cure the newly poured concrete until its strength reaches the design value and then remove the unloading device.

[0054] g) After the reinforcement and curing of the shear wall 1 to be reinforced are completed, the through-type jacks 51 are used to release the force on each steel tie rod 53, and the load is restored to the reinforced shear wall structure, ensuring that the load value on the reinforced shear wall structure is consistent with the design value.

[0055] h) The unloading device is removed and the support hole 7 opened before reinforcement is sealed according to the design requirements. The construction is completed.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] This embodiment utilizes the shear wall reinforcement and unloading device and method described in Example 1 to unload and reinforce the shear walls of a high-rise residential building. This high-rise residential building is a shear wall structure with a construction area of ​​10,812.9 square meters, one underground floor, 25 above-ground floors, and a total height of 83.9 meters above ground. The project has been completed but has not yet been put into use. Testing and identification show that the measured concrete strength of the exterior walls of the 20th, 21st, and 23rd floors of the building is far less than the design value. Calculations show that to ensure the structural safety of the building, the shear walls whose measured strength does not meet the design strength need to be reinforced by replacing concrete. Considering that this case involves the reinforcement of the shear walls of a high-rise building, and the concrete replacement of the exterior walls, if traditional support reinforcement methods are used, an unloading support system must be set up on the outside of the building, which is costly, difficult, and time-consuming to construct, and poses significant safety risks. However, if unsupported reinforcement methods are used, safety is difficult to guarantee. The method of the present invention, which only requires support unloading within the building during construction, effectively solves existing problems. It is low-cost, easy to operate, shortens the construction period, and eliminates construction safety risks. After demonstration, it was decided to use the device and method of the present invention to reinforce entire shear walls that require rectification and reinforcement after complete load unloading.

[0058] In this embodiment, the specific unloading and reinforcement process using replacement concrete reinforcement is as follows:

[0059] 1) According to the appraisal report, the locations of the shear wall structures to be reinforced are the 20th, 21st, and 23rd floor exterior walls;

[0060] 2) Determine the number and location of unloading devices based on the upper loads borne by each shear wall to be reinforced. The exterior wall of the 20th floor requires 26 unloading devices, with two devices evenly distributed on each shear wall. The exterior wall of the 21st floor requires 24 unloading devices, with two devices evenly distributed on each shear wall. The exterior wall of the 23rd floor requires 26 unloading devices, with two devices evenly distributed on each shear wall.

[0061] 3) The construction sequence for each layer of shear wall reinforcement should be clearly defined. Removal and reinforcement should be carried out at intervals. It is strictly forbidden to remove two adjacent shear walls to be reinforced at the same time. Based on the determined number and location of unloading devices, support holes should be opened at the corresponding positions on the upper and lower ends of each shear wall to be reinforced to prepare for the installation of unloading devices. When opening the holes, ensure that the top of the upper support hole is flush with the bottom structural surface of the upper floor slab, and the bottom of the lower support hole is flush with the top structural surface of the lower floor slab.

[0062] 4) Install the unloading device described in Example 1 into the opened support hole through the beam end turning steel support.

[0063] 5) Adjust the jack pre-tensioned steel rods so that the first and second steering supports located in the support holes at the upper and lower ends of the shear wall to be reinforced are tightly fitted to the structural surfaces of the upper and lower shear walls respectively, and their center lines coincide with each other;

[0064] 6) Continue to adjust the jack to tension the steel rod to drive the upper unloading steel beam to support the upper shear wall on top of the shear wall to be reinforced, and completely unload the upper load borne by the entire wall of the shear wall to be reinforced. Wait until the stress value of the shear wall to be reinforced is zero, and then lock the force value of the jack;

[0065] 7) Remove the shear wall to be reinforced, and be careful not to damage the wall reinforcement during the removal process;

[0066] 8) Apply interface agent to the upper and lower ends of the space after the shear wall to be reinforced is removed, that is, apply interface agent to the bottom end surface of the upper shear wall and the top surface of the lower shear wall to facilitate the combination of the new shear wall concrete and the old concrete of the upper and lower shear walls;

[0067] 9) Set up the formwork and pour concrete. When setting up the formwork, holes should be reserved at the support holes to facilitate the subsequent removal of the unloading device;

[0068] 10) After the curing of the reinforced shear wall is completed, use a jack to release the force on the steel tie rods and restore the upper load of the shear wall to the reinforced shear wall structure to ensure that the load value on the reinforced shear wall structure is consistent with the design value;

[0069] 11) Use micro-expansive concrete to fill the support holes at the upper and lower ends of the shear wall, and the construction is completed.

[0070] Example 3

[0071] This embodiment utilizes the shear wall reinforcement and unloading device and method described in Example 1 to unload and reinforce the shear walls of the lower floors of a residential building. The residential building is a high-rise building with a shear wall structure and a construction area of ​​23,680 square meters. It has 1 underground floor and 34 above-ground floors, with a total height of 98.9 meters above ground. The building is an existing high-rise building that has been put into use. After testing and identification, it was found that the concrete strength of the lower floors of the building did not meet the design requirements, resulting in the axial compression ratio of the wall not meeting the design requirements. After calculation, it was found that the shear walls whose axial compression ratio did not meet the design requirements needed to be reinforced by increasing the cross-section to ensure structural safety. Due to the adoption of the reinforcement method of increasing the cross-section, there is a stress lag problem in the newly added large cross-section of the shear wall. It is necessary to completely unload the upper load of the shear wall to be reinforced, and then restore the upper load to the shear wall after the reinforcement of the increased cross-section is completed. Taking into account the dense buildings surrounding the building, if the traditional support reinforcement method is adopted, an unloading support system needs to be set up on the outside of the building, which will affect other operations of the surrounding buildings, and there will be problems such as high construction costs, long construction period, and great safety risks. It has been demonstrated that the device and method of the present invention can effectively solve the above problems, and it is low in cost, easy to operate, short in construction period, and has no construction safety risks.

[0072] The specific unloading reinforcement method adopted in this embodiment by increasing the cross-section is as follows:

[0073] 1) According to the appraisal report, the shear wall structure to be reinforced is located between the 1st and 3rd floors of the building;

[0074] 2) Based on the upper load borne by the entire shear wall to be reinforced, the number of unloading devices required is determined as follows: 120 unloading devices are required for the first floor, with two unloading devices evenly distributed on each shear wall; 120 unloading devices are required for the second floor, with two unloading devices evenly distributed on each shear wall; and 100 unloading devices are required for the third floor, with two unloading devices evenly distributed on each shear wall.

[0075] 3) Based on the determined number and location of unloading devices, drill support holes at the corresponding positions on the upper and lower ends of each shear wall to be reinforced to prepare for the installation of the unloading devices. When drilling the holes, ensure that the top of the upper support hole is flush with the bottom structural surface of the upper floor slab, and the bottom of the lower support hole is flush with the top structural surface of the lower floor slab.

[0076] 4) Installing the unloading device described in Example 1;

[0077] 5) Use jacks to pre-tension the steel rods so that the first and second steering supports located in the upper and lower support holes fit tightly against the structural surfaces of the upper and lower shear walls, respectively, and their center lines coincide with each other;

[0078] 6) Use the jack to tension the steel tie rod again to drive the unloading steel beam to support the upper shear wall on top of the shear wall to be reinforced, and unload all the upper loads borne by the entire shear wall to be reinforced. Wait until the stress value of the shear wall to be reinforced is zero, and then lock the force value of the jack;

[0079] 7) Chisel away the concrete surface layer on the inner side of the shear wall to be reinforced to expose the wall reinforcement;

[0080] 8) Insert tie bars and tie vertical and horizontal reinforcements;

[0081] 9) Apply interface agent to the interface between new and old concrete;

[0082] 10) Set up the formwork and pour concrete. When setting up the formwork, holes should be reserved at the support holes to facilitate the subsequent removal of the unloading device;

[0083] 11) After the curing of the reinforced shear wall is completed, use a jack to release the force on the steel tie rods, restore the load to the reinforced shear wall structure, and ensure that the load value on the reinforced shear wall structure is consistent with the design value;

[0084] 12) Finally, use micro-expansive concrete to fill the support holes at the upper and lower ends of the shear wall, and the construction is completed.

[0085] The present invention transfers the upper load of the shear wall to be reinforced to the lower shear wall below the shear wall to be reinforced through an unloading device, making the load value of the shear wall to be reinforced zero, and realizing the reinforcement after unloading the upper load on the entire shear wall to be reinforced. After the reinforcement is completed, the load is restored to the reinforced shear wall by the device of the present invention, and the load value borne by the reinforced shear wall is guaranteed to be consistent with the original design value, thereby ensuring the safety of the construction process and the safety of the reinforced structure. Since the method of the present invention only needs to be operated on one side of the shear wall to be reinforced during construction, especially in the high-rise area of ​​a high-rise building, the shear wall can be reinforced by only needing to be constructed inside the building, solving the problem that the floor is too high to support both sides and the problem that reinforcement without support is unsafe. At the same time, since the method of the present invention is unilaterally supported, it avoids the tedious work of setting up unloading supports from bottom to top on both sides of the shear wall required by the supported unloading method, and does not affect the construction or use of the surrounding areas and other floors on the same floor during construction, and has good use value.

[0086] In general, the method of the present invention completely solves the problem of inconsistent stress in each section of the shear wall and structural safety during and after construction, which is caused by the need to reinforce the shear wall in sections during the unsupported unloading method. At the same time, it avoids the limitation of the supported unloading method that requires the construction of an unloading support system on both sides of the shear wall to be reinforced. It has a wide range of uses and ensures structural safety during construction and the overall safety of the building structure after construction. In addition, the device of the present invention has a reasonable structural design, a clear force flow path, all components can be repeatedly disassembled and used, a simple structure that is easy to operate, a strong unloading capacity, reduced labor intensity, and a significant reduction in the amount of mechanical equipment and supporting materials. Work efficiency is significantly improved, which is conducive to controlling project costs and construction periods. It can be widely used in shear wall structure reinforcement projects and has high application value and economic benefits.

[0087] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be viewed as exemplary and non-restrictive in all respects. Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, it does not encompass only one technical solution. This narrative is provided for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in the embodiments may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that are understandable to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A shear wall reinforcement and unloading device, characterized by: The device is arranged between an upper shear wall (2) at the top of the shear wall to be reinforced (1) and a lower shear wall (3) at the bottom of the shear wall to be reinforced (1), and is used to unload the upper load borne by the entire shear wall to be reinforced (1); The device comprises a supporting mechanism (4) and an unloading mechanism (5); The support mechanism (4) comprises a support steel column (41) and an upper unloading steel beam (42) and a lower unloading steel beam (43) arranged at the upper and lower ends of the support steel column (41) and effectively connected to the support steel column (41) via a column end turning steel support (6a); One end of the upper unloading steel beam (42) and the lower unloading steel beam (43) on the same side are both installed in the support holes (7) opened at the upper and lower ends of the shear wall (1) to be reinforced through the beam end turning steel support (6b), and the other ends are used to connect the unloading mechanism (5); The unloading mechanism (5) includes a through-type jack (51) and a plurality of steel tie rods (53), wherein the steel tie rods (53) are used to connect the through-type jack (51) and the upper unloading steel beam (42) and the lower unloading steel beam (43) of the support mechanism (4); By adjusting the through-type jack (51) to tension the steel tie rod (53), the upper unloading steel beam (42) is driven to support the upper shear wall (2) on the top of the shear wall (1) to be reinforced, thereby unloading the upper load borne by the shear wall (1) to be reinforced; The beam end turning steel support (6b) includes A first turning support (61) is provided in a support hole (7) at the upper end of the shear wall (1) to be reinforced, A second turning support (62) is arranged in a support hole (7) at the lower end of the shear wall (1) to be reinforced; The first steering support (61) is arranged close to the bottom surface of the upper shear wall (2), and its centerline coincides with the vertical centerline of the upper shear wall (2); The second steering support (62) is closely attached to the top surface of the lower shear wall (3) and is arranged opposite to the first steering support (61), with its centerline coinciding with the vertical centerline of the lower shear wall (3).

2. The shear wall reinforcement and unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unloading mechanism (5) further comprises a conversion steel beam (52), and the through-type jack (51) is mounted on the conversion steel beam (52); There are three steel tie rods (53), one end of which passes through the conversion steel beam (52) and the through-type jack (51) from the bottom and is anchored to the top of the through-type jack (51), and the other end passes through the reserved hole on the lower unloading steel beam (43) and is anchored to the bottom surface of the lower unloading steel beam (43); The other two steel tie rods (53) are distributed on both sides of the through-type jack (51), one end of each of which passes through the conversion steel beam (52) from the top and is anchored to the bottom surface of the conversion steel beam (52), and the other end is anchored to the steel bracket (8) riding on the upper unloading steel beam (42); By adjusting the through-type jack (51) to tension the steel tie rod (53), the upper unloading steel beam (42) is driven to support the upper shear wall (2) on the top of the shear wall (1) to be reinforced, thereby unloading the load on the upper part of the shear wall (1) to be reinforced.

3. The shear wall reinforcement and unloading device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steel corbel (8) is straddled on the upper unloading steel beam (42), and has reserved holes at both ends thereof penetrating the upper and lower surfaces. Two steel tie rods (53) pass through the reserved holes at both ends of the steel corbel (8) and are anchored on the steel corbel (8).

4. The shear wall reinforcement and unloading device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Both ends of the steel pull rod (53) are locked and anchored by anchors (9).

5. The shear wall reinforcement and unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The column end steering steel support (6a) comprises a third steering support (63) arranged at the upper end of the supporting steel column (41), and a fourth steering support (64) arranged at the lower end of the supporting steel column (41); The third steering support (63) and the fourth steering support (64) are arranged on two opposite surfaces of the upper unloading steel beam (42) and the lower unloading steel beam (43) to achieve effective connection with the supporting steel column (41).

6. The shear wall reinforcement and unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the upper unloading steel beam (42) and the lower unloading steel beam (43) installed in the support hole (7) is provided with a wedge-shaped section (44), and the wedge-shaped section (44) is provided on two opposite surfaces of the upper unloading steel beam (42) and the lower unloading steel beam (43).

7. A shear wall reinforcement and unloading method according to the unloading device of claim 4, characterized in that: The steps include: a) Determine the number and arrangement of unloading devices based on the upper load borne by the entire shear wall (1) to be reinforced; b) according to the result determined in step a), support holes (7) are opened at corresponding positions at the upper and lower ends of the shear wall (1) to be reinforced; the top of the support hole (7) at the upper end of the shear wall (1) to be reinforced is flush with the bottom structural surface of the upper floor plate (101), and the bottom of the support hole (7) at the lower end of the shear wall (1) to be reinforced is flush with the top structural surface of the lower floor plate (102); c) installing the first steering support (61) and the second steering support (62) in the support holes (7) opened at the upper and lower ends of the shear wall (1) to be reinforced; and inserting the ends of the upper unloading steel beam (42) and the lower unloading steel beam (43) of the unloading device, each of which has a wedge-shaped section (44), into the corresponding support holes (7) and connecting them to the first steering support (61) and the second steering support (62); d) Adjust the pre-tensioned steel tie rod (53) of the through-type jack (51) so that the first turning support (61) and the second turning support (62) located in the support holes (7) at the upper and lower ends of the shear wall (1) to be reinforced are closely fitted with the structural surfaces of the upper shear wall (2) and the lower shear wall (3), respectively; and ensure that the center line of the first turning support (61) coincides with the vertical center line of the upper shear wall (2), and the center line of the second turning support (62) coincides with the vertical center line of the lower shear wall (3); e) re-adjusting the through-type jack (51) to tension each steel tie rod (53) to drive the upper unloading steel beam (42) to support the upper shear wall (2) on the top of the shear wall (1) to be reinforced, thereby unloading the upper load borne by the shear wall (1) to be reinforced; When the stress value of the load on the shear wall (1) to be reinforced is zero, the through-type jack (51) is locked; f) Strengthen and maintain the shear wall (1) to be reinforced according to the design method; g) After the reinforcement and curing of the shear wall to be reinforced (1) are completed, the force on the steel tie rod (53) is released by using the through-type jack (51), and the load is restored to the reinforced shear wall structure, and it is ensured that the load value on the reinforced shear wall structure is consistent with the design value; h) Remove the unloading device and seal the support holes (7) opened before reinforcement according to the design requirements. The construction is completed.

8. The shear wall reinforcement and unloading method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step f), the method for reinforcing and maintaining the shear wall (1) to be reinforced includes concrete replacement reinforcement, cross-section enlargement reinforcement and other reinforcement methods that meet the design requirements; specifically, the following steps are included: f1) Remove the concrete on the shear wall (1) to be reinforced, avoiding damaging the original reinforcement of the wall during the removal process; when increasing the cross-section for reinforcement, insert tie bars and tie vertical and horizontal bars; f2) Apply interface agent at the interface between new and old concrete; f3) Erect formwork and re-pour concrete; f4) Cure the newly poured concrete until its strength reaches the design value and then remove the unloading device.

9. The shear wall reinforcement and unloading method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step f3), holes are reserved at the first steering support (61) and the second steering support (62) when the mold is erected, for subsequent removal of the unloading device.

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