A full-section floating segment cutting cutter head and its construction method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of tunnel boring technology, specifically to a full-face floating segment cutting cutterhead. During tunnel boring machine excavation, when the cutting head of the breaking cutter group breaks through the lining segments of the starting ring tunnel, each supporting cutter group provides temporary support to the lining segments of the starting ring tunnel. This results in the overall cutting surface forming an outwardly convex arc shape that matches the inner wall shape of the lining segments of the starting ring tunnel. This maximizes the contact area between the entire cutterhead and the segments to be cut, preventing the cutterhead from cutting the sides of the lining segments of the starting ring tunnel first, achieving full-face cutting. Conversely, when reaching the lining segments of the receiving ring tunnel, the linkage mechanism adjusts the posture, causing the overall cutting surface to form an inwardly concave arc shape, achieving full-face cutting when connecting the segments. This not only reduces the space occupied by the cutterhead but also greatly improves construction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel boring technology, and more specifically, to a full-section floating segment cutting cutterhead and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, urban infrastructure construction in my country has been booming, with rapid development in underground structure engineering such as pile foundation engineering, integrated utility tunnels, and subway tunnels. According to regulations, a transverse emergency connection passage should be provided between two single-track subway tunnel sections, primarily serving functions such as drainage, fire protection, and passenger evacuation. In terms of connecting passage construction, the mechanical method, with its advantages of safety, reliability, relatively low cost, and significantly shortened construction period, has become the mainstream construction method.

[0003] Mechanical construction requires the use of mechanical equipment (such as tunnel boring machines and pipe jacking machines, hereinafter collectively referred to as tunneling machines) to cut the curved concrete segments of the main tunnel. Conventional planar cutterheads are not only large in size, but also cause uneven stress on the cutterhead and the main tunnel segments during excavation, which can easily lead to cutterhead damage and lateral displacement of the main tunnel.

[0004] Specifically, during the initial excavation, the main tunnel segment cutting surface is concave. The cutterhead first cuts the periphery of the excavation face where the main tunnel segment is located. Only after excavating a certain distance can it cut the center of the excavation face. When the periphery segments are finished being cut, the center segment is not yet finished. Conversely, during the receiving excavation, the main tunnel segment is convex. The cutterhead first cuts the center of the excavation face where the main tunnel segment is located. Only after excavating a certain distance can it cut the periphery of the excavation face. When the center segment is finished being cut, the periphery segments are not yet finished. Therefore, conventional mechanical equipment cutterheads not only have insufficient force characteristics, but also exhibit lag in segment cutting, failing to achieve full-section cutting. This will significantly impact the tunneling efficiency of the tunnel boring machine and the construction cycle. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a full-section floating segment cutting cutter head to solve the problem of lag in segment cutting and inability to achieve full-section cutting in the prior art.

[0006] A full-section floating segment cutting cutter head includes a linkage support mechanism and a cutter holder;

[0007] The linkage support mechanism includes a cylindrical structure with an opening at one end and a linkage mechanism. The cylindrical structure includes a sleeve and an end panel disposed at one end of the sleeve. The inner side wall of the sleeve is provided with several limiting structures. The center of the end panel is provided with a connector. The connector is used to connect to external tunneling equipment. The external tunneling equipment drives the connector to rotate so that the end panel rotates synchronously with the connector.

[0008] The linkage mechanism includes a telescopic drive structure and several linkage brackets. Each linkage bracket includes a first telescopic support rod. The telescopic drive structure is connected to the connector and is located inside the sleeve. One end of each first telescopic support rod is hinged to each limiting structure, and the other end of each first telescopic support rod is hinged to the telescopic drive structure. The telescopic drive structure is used to drive the other end of each first telescopic support rod to move along the axial direction of the sleeve.

[0009] The cutter holder includes a piercing cutter group and several supporting cutter groups. The piercing cutter group is mounted on the telescopic drive structure and located on the side of the telescopic drive structure away from the end panel. The cutter head of the piercing cutter group faces the excavation direction. Several supporting cutter groups are respectively mounted on each of the first telescopic support rods, and the cutter heads of each supporting cutter group face the excavation direction. The supporting cutter groups mounted on each of the first telescopic support rods form an integral cutting surface. The telescopic drive structure drives the movement of the other side of each linkage bracket, so that the integral cutting surface is deformed into an arc shape with different angles.

[0010] Advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention: The two tunnels are the starting ring tunnel and the receiving ring tunnel, respectively; when the tunnel boring machine is tunneling, the tunnel boring machine drives the telescopic drive structure to rotate through the connecting parts, causing each first telescopic support rod hinged on the telescopic drive structure to rotate, and at the same time driving the breaking cutter group set on the telescopic drive structure and the several support cutter groups set on each first telescopic support rod to work; the telescopic drive structure extends, so that the cutter head of the breaking cutter group breaks the lining segment of the starting ring tunnel. At the same time as the telescopic drive structure extends, it drives the other end of the first telescopic support rod to move away from the end panel, so that each support cutter group set on each first telescopic support rod provides temporary support for the lining segment of the starting ring tunnel. That is, since one end of the first telescopic support rod is slidably connected to the limiting structure, the movement of the first telescopic support rod along the tunnel axis is restricted, thus playing a supporting role. At this time, the overall cutting surface formed by each support cutter group matches the inner wall shape of the lining segment of the starting ring tunnel, forming an outward convex arc shape, maximizing the overall cutting surface of the cutterhead. To minimize the contact area with the segments to be cut, the cutterhead avoids cutting both ends of the lining segments of the starting ring tunnel first, achieving full-section cutting and significantly reducing the space occupied by the cutterhead during tunneling. Conversely, when reaching the outer end wall of the lining segments of the receiving ring tunnel, the telescopic drive structure moves the other end of the first telescopic support rod towards the end panel, causing the first telescopic support rod to deform. At this time, the overall cutting surface formed by the combination of each support cutter group forms an inward concave arc shape, meaning that each support cutter group abuts against the outer end wall of the lining segments of the receiving ring tunnel, achieving full-section cutting of the lining segments of the receiving ring tunnel by the cutterhead, thus realizing full-section cutting during connection. This also significantly reduces the space occupied by the cutterhead during tunneling. During the movement within the connecting passage, the telescopic drive structure adjusts the telescopic amount, making the overall cutting surface form a planar shape, meaning that the breaking cutter group and each support cutter group are located on the same vertical cutting plane, achieving full-section cutting during feeding and accelerating the construction efficiency of the connecting passage.

[0011] Preferably, the telescopic drive structure is a telescopic linkage spindle. The linkage mechanism further includes a first sleeve structure. The linkage spindle is horizontally disposed at the other end of the connector. The first sleeve structure is sleeved on the outer wall of the linkage spindle. The linkage spindle is used to drive the first sleeve structure to move along the axial direction of the linkage spindle, so that the first sleeve structure moves away from or closer to the end panel. One end of each of the first telescopic support rods is hinged to each of the limiting structures, and the other end is hinged to the first sleeve structure. With this configuration, when the side of the first telescopic support rod that is hinged to the first sleeve structure moves due to the extension and retraction of the first telescopic support rod, the structure is simple, and the first sleeve structure can prevent direct contact between the first telescopic support rod and the linkage spindle, thereby improving the service life of the linkage spindle.

[0012] Preferably, the limiting structure includes a first linkage ring with a circular cross-section. The outer wall of the first linkage ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve. The central axis of the first linkage ring coincides with the axis of the linkage main shaft. One end of each of the first telescopic support rods is respectively sleeved on the first linkage ring. This configuration, through the sleeved engagement of the first telescopic support rod and the circular cross-section of the first linkage ring, allows the first telescopic support rod to rotate around the linkage main shaft while simultaneously ensuring axial limiting of each support cutter group, thus guaranteeing the support of each support cutter group to the tunnel wall.

[0013] Preferably, the limiting structure further includes a second linkage ring with a circular cross-section, the linkage mechanism further includes a second sleeve structure, the linkage bracket further includes a plurality of second telescopic support rods, a plurality of first linkage rods, a plurality of second linkage rods and a plurality of telescopic third linkage rods, the outer side wall of the second linkage ring is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the sleeve, the central axis of the second linkage ring coincides with the axis of the linkage main shaft, and the second linkage ring is located between the first linkage ring and the end panel, the second sleeve structure is sleeved on the outer side wall of the linkage main shaft and is located between the first sleeve structure and the end panel;

[0014] One end of the second telescopic support rod is sleeved on the second linkage ring, and the other end is hinged to the second sleeve structure. Several first linkage rods are hinged between every pair of adjacent first telescopic support rods, and several second linkage rods are hinged between every pair of adjacent second telescopic support rods. The head of the third linkage rod is hinged to the first telescopic support rod, the middle of the third linkage rod is hinged to the second telescopic support rod, and the tail of the third linkage rod abuts against the end panel. This configuration, through the second and third linkage rods, improves the connection strength between the first and second telescopic support rods. Simultaneously, the second telescopic support rods increase the overall connection strength of the linkage bracket. The several third linkage rods support the first and second telescopic support rods, improving the horizontal support strength of the first and second telescopic support rods.

[0015] Preferably, the piercing blade assembly includes a first support base, a first hydraulic rod, a support platform, a plurality of second hydraulic rods, and a plurality of first rotary cutting heads;

[0016] The first support base is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the first hydraulic rod. A hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected between the first hydraulic rod and the telescopic drive structure. One end of the first hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder, and the other end is fixedly connected to the support platform. Several second hydraulic rods are provided on the side of the support platform facing the tunnel, and each second hydraulic rod has a first rotary cutting head at its output end. This configuration allows the first hydraulic rod to drive the first rotary cutting head to vibrate continuously, crushing the rock through continuous vibration and impact. Each first rotary cutting head also has a second hydraulic rod; the large vibration of the first hydraulic rod, combined with the small vibration of the second hydraulic rod, greatly improves the efficiency of rock breaking and mechanical drilling.

[0017] Preferably, the support blade assembly includes a second support base, a third hydraulic rod, a first floating disk, several brackets, several second rotary cutting blades, and a second floating disk;

[0018] The second support base is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the third hydraulic rod;

[0019] One end of the third hydraulic rod is connected to the telescopic drive structure, and the other end is movably connected to the first floating disk. Each of the brackets is fixedly connected to the first floating disk, and each bracket is fixedly connected to a second rotary cutting head. The support blade assembly also includes a second floating disk mounted on a second support base, and the second floating disk is fixedly connected to the third hydraulic rod. This configuration allows the second rotary cutting heads mounted on the first floating disk to cut rock masses with different cut surfaces, improving the rigidity and service life of the structure. The third hydraulic rod drives the second rotary cutting heads to vibrate, crushing the rock through continuous vibration and impact, improving the efficiency of rock breaking and mechanical drilling, and exhibiting good dynamic performance. The second floating disk allows each support blade holder to adapt to rock masses with different planes, improving the efficiency of rock breaking and mechanical drilling, and exhibiting good dynamic performance.

[0020] Preferably, the system further includes several third telescopic support rods, which are horizontally arranged. One end of each third telescopic support rod is fixedly connected to the other end of the sleeve, and the other end abuts against the rock wall of the tunnel. This arrangement allows the third telescopic support rods to rest against the rock mass, providing a buffer during the tunneling machine's advance, preventing the support cutterheads on both sides from rapidly impacting the rock mass, protecting the cutterheads, and extending their service life.

[0021] Preferably, the system further includes a slag discharge mechanism, which comprises a slag discharge pipe, several slag inlets, a spiral drive belt structure, and a slag outlet. The slag discharge pipe is located below the linkage mechanism, each of the slag inlets is located at the upper end of the slag discharge pipe, the spiral drive belt structure is installed inside the slag discharge pipe, and the slag outlet is located at one end of the slag discharge pipe and at the tail end of the spiral drive belt structure. This configuration allows the crushed rock to enter the slag discharge pipe through the slag inlets and be carried out through the slag outlet by the spiral drive belt structure, preventing rock accumulation and improving the tunneling efficiency of the tunneling machine.

[0022] Preferably, the system further includes a retaining plate, which is disposed on the sleeve and located at the head of the spiral drive belt structure. The retaining plate includes a first baffle and a second baffle. One end of the first baffle is hinged to the muck discharge pipe, and the other end is hinged to one end of the second baffle. The first baffle is located at the head of the spiral drive belt structure, and the other end of the second baffle abuts against the rock wall of the tunnel. This arrangement, with the cooperation of the first and second baffles, prevents broken rock from accumulating in front of the muck discharge pipe, i.e., at the head of the muck discharge pipe.

[0023] A construction method includes the following steps:

[0024] Step S1: After the tunneling machine is initialized, the telescopic drive structure extends towards the side of the connecting passage, simultaneously driving the breaking cutter group and each support cutter group to work together.

[0025] Step S2: The piercing cutter group abuts against the lining segment of the starting ring tunnel. At the same time, each of the supporting cutter groups adjusts its posture under the control of the linkage mechanism so that the cutter head of each supporting cutter group is in full contact with the lining segment of the starting ring tunnel. That is, the overall cutting surface of the piercing cutter group and the supporting cutter group forms an outward convex arc shape.

[0026] Step S3: The tunneling machine advances towards the receiving ring tunnel on the other side. The cutter heads of the piercing cutter group first pierce the lining segments of the starting ring tunnel. At the same time, the cutter heads of each of the supporting cutter groups remain stationary after making full contact with the lining segments of the starting ring tunnel, and provide temporary support for the lining segments during the piercing process. When the piercing cutter group completes the piercing and the stress is released evenly, the cutter heads of each of the supporting cutter groups begin rotary cutting operations. The piercing cutter group and the cutter heads of each of the supporting cutter groups simultaneously begin overall rotary cutting and drilling until the cutting operation of the lining segments of the starting ring tunnel is completed.

[0027] Step S4: The tunneling machine excavates the rock and soil of the connecting passage. The breaking cutter group and each of the supporting cutter groups are further adjusted in posture under the adjustment of the linkage mechanism. The overall cutting surface gradually changes from the convex arc shape to a planar shape, that is, the breaking cutter group and each of the supporting cutter groups are located on the same vertical cutting surface.

[0028] Step S5: The tunneling machine excavates towards the receiving ring tunnel. Under the adjustment of the linkage mechanism, the overall cutting surface is further transformed into an inwardly concave arc shape until the overall cutting surface abuts against the lining segments of the receiving ring tunnel.

[0029] Step S6: Cut the lining segments of the receiving ring tunnel. After the lining segments of the receiving ring tunnel are cut, the connecting channel is formed.

[0030] Preferably, the tunneling machine is equipped with a data acquisition module, an image processing and analysis module, and a control module. The image processing and analysis module is communicatively connected to both the control module and the data acquisition module. The control module is electrically connected to the linkage mechanism. The posture adjustment step includes:

[0031] Step A1: The acquisition module acquires the cutting image and three-dimensional coordinate system of the tunneling machine in real time, and transmits the cutting image and the three-dimensional coordinate system to the image processing and analysis module;

[0032] Step A2: The image processing and analysis module performs spot image analysis, calibration grid retrieval, and Euler angle calculation based on the cutting image and the three-dimensional coordinate system to obtain an analysis result, and transmits the analysis result to the control module.

[0033] Step A3: The control module controls the linkage mechanism to adjust its posture based on the analysis results.

[0034] Advantages and beneficial effects of the method of the present invention: When the tunnel boring machine is tunneling, when the cutter head of the breaking cutter group breaks the lining segments of the starting ring tunnel, each supporting cutter group provides temporary support for the lining segments of the starting ring tunnel, so that the overall cutting surface forms an outwardly convex arc shape that matches the inner wall shape of the lining segments of the starting ring tunnel. This can maximize the contact area between the entire cutter head and the segments to be cut, and prevent the cutter head from cutting the sides of the lining segments of the starting ring tunnel first. Conversely, when it reaches the lining segments of the receiving ring tunnel, the linkage mechanism adjusts the posture so that the overall cutting surface forms an inwardly concave arc shape, achieving full-section cutting. This not only reduces the space occupied by the cutter head, but also greatly improves the construction efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the communication channel excavation for the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting disc of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hole-breaking knife assembly of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support blade assembly of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the slag discharge mechanism and the retaining plate of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the construction method of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the posture adjustment process of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the connections of the various modules of the present invention.

[0043] in,

[0044] 1. Linkage support mechanism; 2. Tool holder; 3. Limiting structure; 4. Connecting parts; 5. Telescopic drive structure; 6. Hydraulic cylinder; 7. Slag discharge mechanism; 8. Retaining plate; 9. Connecting passage; 10. Starting ring tunnel; 11. Receiving ring tunnel; 12. Acquisition module; 13. Image processing and analysis module; 14. Control module; 1.1 Cylindrical structure; 1.2 Linkage mechanism; 2.1 Breaking knife assembly; 2.2 Supporting knife assembly; 3.1 First linkage ring; 3.2 Second linkage ring; 7.1 Slag discharge pipe; 7.2 Slag inlet; 7.3 Spiral drive belt structure; 7.4 Slag outlet; 8.1 First baffle; 8.2 Second baffle; 1.11 Sleeve; 1 1.12 End panel; 1.21 Telescopic drive structure; 1.22 Linkage bracket; 1.23 First sleeve structure; 1.24 Second sleeve structure; 2.11 First support base; 2.12 First hydraulic rod; 2.13 Support platform; 2.14 Second hydraulic rod; 2.21 Second support base; 2.22 Third hydraulic rod; 2.23 First floating plate; 2.24 Bracket; 2.25 Second rotary cutter head; 2.26 Second floating plate; 1.221 First telescopic support rod; 1.222 Second telescopic support rod; 1.223 First linkage rod; 1.224 Second linkage rod; 1.225 Third linkage rod. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0046] This invention provides a full-section floating segment cutting cutter head to solve the problem of lag in segment cutting and inability to achieve full-section cutting in the prior art.

[0047] Combination Figure 1As shown, a full-section floating segment cutting cutter head includes a linkage support mechanism 1 and a cutter holder 2;

[0048] The linkage support mechanism 1 includes a cylindrical structure 1.1 with an opening at one end and a linkage mechanism 1.2. The cylindrical structure 1.1 includes a sleeve 1.11 and an end panel 1.12 disposed at one end of the sleeve 1.11. The inner side wall of the sleeve 1.11 is provided with a plurality of limiting structures 3. The center of the end panel 1.12 is provided with a connector 4. The connector 4 is used to connect external tunneling equipment. The external tunneling equipment drives the connector 4 to rotate so that the end panel 1.12 rotates synchronously with the connector 4.

[0049] The linkage mechanism 1.2 includes a telescopic drive structure 1.21 and several linkage brackets 1.22. Each linkage bracket 1.22 includes a first telescopic support rod 1.221. The telescopic drive structure 1.21 is connected to the connector 4 and is located inside the sleeve 1.11. One end of each first telescopic support rod 1.221 is hinged to each limiting structure 3, and the other end of each first telescopic support rod 1.221 is hinged to the telescopic drive structure 1.21. The telescopic drive structure 1.21 is used to drive the other end of each first telescopic support rod 1.221 to move along the axial direction of the sleeve 1.11.

[0050] The cutter holder 2 includes a piercing cutter group 2.1 and several supporting cutter groups 2.2. The piercing cutter group 2.1 is mounted on the telescopic drive structure 1.21 and is located on the side of the telescopic drive structure 1.21 away from the end panel 1.12, with the cutter head of the piercing cutter group 2.1 facing the excavation direction. Several supporting cutter groups 2.2 are respectively mounted on each first telescopic support rod 1.221, and the cutter heads of each supporting cutter group 2.2 are all facing the excavation direction. The supporting cutter groups 2.2 mounted on each first telescopic support rod 1.221 form an integral cutting surface. The telescopic drive structure 1.21 drives the movement of the other side of each linkage bracket 1.22, so that the integral cutting surface is deformed into an arc shape with different angles.

[0051] Specifically, the two tunnels are the starting ring tunnel 10 and the receiving ring tunnel 11. During tunneling, the tunneling machine drives the telescopic drive structure 1.215 to rotate via a connecting component, causing the first telescopic support rods 1.221 hinged to the telescopic drive structure 1.215 to rotate. Simultaneously, this drives the piercing cutter group 2.1 mounted on the telescopic drive structure 1.215 and several support cutter groups 2.2 mounted on the first telescopic support rods 1.221 to operate. The telescopic drive structure 1.215 extends, causing the cutter heads of the piercing cutter group 2.1 to break through the lining segments of the starting ring tunnel 10. 1.215 extends while simultaneously moving the other end of the first telescopic support rod 1.221 away from the end panel 1.12, so that each support cutter group 2.2 set on each of the first telescopic support rods 1.221 provides temporary support for the lining segments of the starting ring tunnel 10. That is, since one end of the first telescopic support rod 1.221 is slidably connected to the limiting structure 3, the movement of the first telescopic support rod 1.221 along the tunnel axis is restricted, thus providing support. At this time, the overall cutting surface formed by each support cutter group 2.2 matches the shape of the inner wall of the lining segments of the starting ring tunnel 10, forming a... The outwardly convex arc shape maximizes the contact area between the entire cutterhead and the segments to be cut, preventing the cutterhead from cutting the two ends of the lining segments of the starting ring tunnel 10 first, thus achieving full-section cutting of the cutterhead. This also significantly reduces the space occupied by the cutterhead during tunneling machine excavation. Conversely, when it reaches the outer end wall of the lining segments of the receiving ring tunnel 11, the telescopic drive structure 1.215 drives the other end of the first telescopic support rod 1.221 towards the end panel 1.12, causing the first telescopic support rod 1.221 to deform. At this time, the overall cutting surface formed by the combination of each support cutter group 2.2 forms an inward concave shape. The circular arc shape means that each supporting cutter group 2.2 abuts against the outer end wall of the lining segment of the receiving ring tunnel 11, enabling the cutterhead to cut the entire cross-section of the lining segment of the receiving ring tunnel 11, thus achieving full-section cutting during connection. This also greatly reduces the space occupied by the cutterhead during tunneling machine excavation. During the movement within the connecting passage 9, the telescopic drive structure 1.215 adjusts the telescopic amount, so that the overall cutting surface forms a planar shape, that is, the breaking cutter group 2.1 and each supporting cutter group 2.2 are located on the same vertical cutting surface, achieving full-section cutting during feeding, and accelerating the construction efficiency of the connecting passage 9.

[0052] Combination Figure 2As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the telescopic drive structure 1.215 is a telescopic linkage spindle, and the linkage mechanism 1.2 further includes a first sleeve structure 1.23. The linkage spindle is horizontally disposed at the other end of the connector 4, and the first sleeve structure 1.23 is sleeved on the outer side wall of the linkage spindle. The linkage spindle is used to drive the first sleeve structure 1.23 to move along the axial direction of the linkage spindle so that the first sleeve structure 1.23 moves away from or closer to the end panel 1.12. The linkage bracket 1.22 includes a plurality of telescopic first telescopic support rods 1.221. One end of each first telescopic support rod 1.221 is hinged to each limiting structure 3, and the other end is hinged to the first sleeve structure 1.23.

[0053] Specifically, when the first telescopic support rod 1.221 moves to the side hinged to the first sleeve structure 1.23 by telescopic extension and retraction, the structure is simple, and the first sleeve structure 1.23 can prevent the first telescopic support rod 1.221 from directly contacting the linkage spindle, thereby improving the service life of the linkage spindle.

[0054] To further optimize the above scheme, the limiting structure 3 includes a first linkage ring 3.1. The cross-section of the first linkage ring 3.1 is circular. The outer side wall of the first linkage ring 3.1 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the sleeve 1.11. The central axis of the first linkage ring 3.1 coincides with the axis of the linkage main shaft. One end of each first telescopic support rod 1.221 is respectively sleeved on each first linkage ring 3.1.

[0055] Specifically, through the sleeve connection between the first telescopic support rod 1.221 and the first linkage ring 3.1 with a circular cross-section, the first telescopic support rod 1.221 can rotate around the linkage main shaft, while also ensuring the axial limitation of each support cutter group 2.2 by the first telescopic support rod 1.221, thus ensuring the support of each support cutter group 2.2 on the tunnel wall.

[0056] To further optimize the above scheme, the limiting structure 3 also includes a second linkage ring 3.2, the cross-section of which is circular. The linkage mechanism 1.2 also includes a second sleeve structure 1.24. The linkage bracket 1.22 also includes several second telescopic support rods 1.222, several first linkage rods 1.223, several second linkage rods 1.224, and several telescopic third linkage rods 1.225. The outer side wall of the second linkage ring 3.2 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the sleeve 1.11. The central axis of the second linkage ring 3.2 coincides with the axis of the linkage main shaft. The second linkage ring 3.2 is located between the first linkage ring 3.1 and the end panel 1.12. The second sleeve structure 1.24 is sleeved on the outer side wall of the linkage main shaft and is located between the first sleeve structure 1.23 and the end panel 1.12.

[0057] One end of the second telescopic support rod 1.222 is sleeved on the second linkage ring 3.2, and the other end is hinged to the second sleeve structure 1.24. Several first linkage rods 1.223 are hinged between each pair of adjacent first telescopic support rods 1.221, and several second linkage rods 1.224 are hinged between each pair of adjacent second telescopic support rods 1.222. The head of the third linkage rod 1.225 is hinged to the first telescopic support rod 1.221, the middle part of the third linkage rod 1.225 is hinged to the second telescopic support rod 1.222, and the tail of the third linkage rod 1.225 abuts against the end panel 1.12.

[0058] Specifically, the installation of the second linkage rod 1.224 and the third linkage rod 1.225 improves the connection strength between the first telescopic support rods 1.221 and between the second telescopic support rods 1.222. At the same time, the installation of the second telescopic support rod 1.222 increases the overall connection strength of the linkage bracket 1.22. The first telescopic support rods 1.221 and the second telescopic support rods 1.222 are supported by several third linkage rods 1.225, thereby improving the horizontal support strength of the first telescopic support rods 1.221 and the second telescopic support rods 1.222.

[0059] Each of the supporting blade groups 2.2 and the corresponding first telescopic support rod 1.221 is provided with a telescopic drive structure 5.

[0060] Combination Figure 3 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the piercing knife assembly 2.1 includes a first support base 2.11, a first hydraulic rod 2.12, a support platform 2.13, a plurality of second hydraulic rods 2.14, and a plurality of first rotary cutting heads;

[0061] The first support base 2.11 is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the first hydraulic rod 2.12. A hydraulic cylinder 5 is fixedly connected between the first hydraulic rod 2.12 and the telescopic drive structure 1.21. One end of the first hydraulic rod 2.12 is fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder 5, and the other end is fixedly connected to the support platform 2.13. The support platform 2.13 is provided with several second hydraulic rods 2.14 on the side facing the tunnel. Each output end of the second hydraulic rod 2.14 is provided with a first rotary cutting head.

[0062] Specifically, the first hydraulic rod 2.12 drives the first rotary cutting head to vibrate continuously, and crushes the rock through continuous vibration impact. Each first rotary cutting head is also equipped with a second hydraulic rod 2.14. Under the large vibration of the first hydraulic rod 2.12, combined with the small vibration of the second hydraulic rod 2.14, the efficiency of rock breaking and mechanical drilling is greatly improved. The preferred number of first rotary cutting heads is 3.

[0063] Combination Figure 4As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the support blade assembly 2.2 includes a second support base 2.21, a third hydraulic rod 2.22, a first floating disk 2.23, a plurality of brackets 2.24, and a plurality of second rotary cutting blades 2.25;

[0064] The second support base 2.21 is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the third hydraulic rod 2.22;

[0065] One end of the third hydraulic rod 2.22 is connected to the telescopic drive structure 4, and the other end is movably connected to the first floating disk 2.23; each bracket 2.24 is fixedly connected to the first floating disk 2.23, and each bracket 2.24 is fixedly connected to a second rotary cutting head 2.25.

[0066] The first floating disk 2.23 enables the second rotary cutting heads 2.25 mounted on it to cut rock with different surfaces, improving the rigidity and service life of the structure. The third hydraulic rod 2.22 drives the second rotary cutting heads 2.25 to vibrate, crushing the rock through continuous vibration and impact, improving the efficiency of rock breaking and mechanical drilling, and exhibiting good dynamic performance. Preferably, there are two second rotary cutting heads 2.25.

[0067] To further optimize the above scheme, the support blade assembly 2.2 also includes a second floating disk 2.26, which is mounted on the second support base 2.21 and is fixedly connected to the third hydraulic rod 2.22.

[0068] The second floating disk 2.26 allows each support tool holder 2 to adapt to rock masses on different planes, improving the efficiency of rock breaking and mechanical drilling, and exhibiting good dynamic performance.

[0069] Combination Figure 2 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of third telescopic support rods 15 are further included. The third telescopic support rods 15 are horizontally arranged, one end of the third telescopic support rod 15 is fixedly connected to the other end of the sleeve 1.11, and the other end abuts against the rock wall of the tunnel.

[0070] The third telescopic support rod 15 is used to press against the rock mass, so that there is a buffer when the tunneling machine advances, preventing the support cutter holders 2 on both sides from rapidly impacting the rock mass, protecting the cutter holders 2, and improving their service life.

[0071] Combination Figure 5As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a slag discharge mechanism 7 is further included. The slag discharge mechanism 7 includes a slag discharge pipe 7.1, a plurality of slag inlets 7.2, a spiral drive belt structure 7.3, and a slag outlet 7.4. The slag discharge pipe 7.1 is located below the linkage mechanism 1.2. Each slag inlet 7.2 is respectively located at the upper end of the slag discharge pipe 7.1. The spiral drive belt structure 7.3 is provided inside the slag discharge pipe 7.1. The slag outlet 7.4 is located at one end of the slag discharge pipe 7.1 and at the tail end of the spiral drive belt structure 7.3.

[0072] Specifically, the crushed rock enters the slag discharge pipe 7.1 through the slag inlet 7.2 and is carried out from the slag discharge outlet 7.4 through the spiral drive belt structure 7.3, preventing rock accumulation and improving the tunneling efficiency of the tunneling machine.

[0073] To further optimize the above scheme, a retaining plate 8 is also included. The retaining plate 8 is set on the sleeve 1.11 and located at the head of the spiral drive belt structure 7.3. The retaining plate 8 includes a first baffle 8.1 and a second baffle 8.2. One end of the first baffle 8.1 is hinged to the slag discharge pipe 7.1, and the other end is hinged to one end of the second baffle 8.2. The first baffle 8.1 is located at the head of the spiral drive belt structure 7.3, and the other end of the second baffle 8.2 abuts against the rock wall of the tunnel.

[0074] Specifically, the combination of the first baffle 8.1 and the second baffle 8.2 can prevent the broken rocks from accumulating in front of the slag discharge pipe 7.1, that is, the head of the slag discharge pipe 7.1.

[0075] Combination Figure 6 As shown, a construction method includes the following steps:

[0076] Step S1: After the tunneling machine is initialized, the telescopic drive structure 1.21 extends toward the side of the connecting passage 9, and at the same time drives the breaking cutter group 2.1 and each support cutter group 2.2 to work together.

[0077] Step S2: The piercing cutter group 2.1 abuts against the lining segments of the starting ring tunnel 10. At the same time, each supporting cutter group 2.2 adjusts its posture under the control of the linkage mechanism 1.2 so that the cutter head of each supporting cutter group 2.2 is in full contact with the lining segments of the starting ring tunnel 10. That is, the overall cutting surface of the piercing cutter group 2.1 and the supporting cutter group 2.2 combined forms an outwardly convex arc shape.

[0078] Step S3: The tunnel boring machine advances towards the receiving ring tunnel 11 on the other side. The cutter head of the piercing cutter group 2.1 first pierces the lining segments of the starting ring tunnel 10. At the same time, the cutter heads of each support cutter group 2.2 are in full contact with the lining segments of the starting ring tunnel 10 and remain stationary, providing temporary support for the lining segments during the piercing process. When the piercing cutter group 2.1 completes the piercing and the stress is released evenly, the cutter heads of each support cutter group 2.2 begin rotary cutting operations. The cutter heads of the piercing cutter group 2.1 and each support cutter group 2.2 simultaneously begin overall rotary cutting and drilling until the cutting operation of the lining segments of the starting ring tunnel 10 is completed.

[0079] Step S4: The tunneling machine excavates the rock and soil of the connecting passage 9. The breaking cutter group 2.1 and each support cutter group 2.2 are further adjusted in posture under the adjustment of the linkage mechanism 1.2. The overall cutting surface gradually changes from an outward convex arc shape to a planar shape, that is, the breaking cutter group 2.1 and each support cutter group 2.2 are located on the same vertical cutting surface.

[0080] Step S5: The tunneling machine excavates towards the receiving ring tunnel 11. Under the adjustment of the linkage mechanism 1.2, the overall cutting surface is further transformed into an inwardly concave arc shape until the overall cutting surface abuts against the lining segments of the receiving ring tunnel 11.

[0081] Step S6: Cut the lining segments of the receiving ring tunnel 11. After the lining segments of the receiving ring tunnel 11 are cut, the connecting channel 9 is formed.

[0082] Combination Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, to further optimize the above scheme, the tunneling machine is equipped with a data acquisition module 12, an image processing and analysis module 13, and a control module 14. The image processing and analysis module 13 is communicatively connected to the control module 14 and the data acquisition module 12, respectively. The control module 14 is electrically connected to the linkage mechanism 1.2. The steps for adjusting the attitude include:

[0083] Step A1: The acquisition module 12 acquires the cutting images and three-dimensional coordinate system of the tunneling machine in real time, and transmits the cutting images and three-dimensional coordinate system to the image processing and analysis module 13;

[0084] Step A2: The image processing and analysis module 13 performs spot image analysis and processing, calibration mesh retrieval, and Euler angle calculation based on the cutting image and the three-dimensional coordinate system to obtain an analysis result, and transmits the analysis result to the control module 14.

[0085] Step A3: Control module 14 controls linkage mechanism 1.2 to adjust its posture based on the analysis results.

[0086] During tunneling, when the tunnel boring machine (TBM) is excavating, the cutter head of the breaking cutter group 2.1 breaks through the lining segments of the starting ring tunnel 10. Each supporting cutter group 2.2 provides temporary support to the lining segments of the starting ring tunnel 10, so that the overall cutting surface forms an outwardly convex arc shape that matches the inner wall shape of the lining segments of the starting ring tunnel 10. This allows the TBM to maximize the contact area between the entire cutterhead and the segments to be cut when excavating the connecting passage 9, avoiding the cutterhead from cutting the sides of the lining segments of the starting ring tunnel 10 first, achieving full-section cutting, and greatly reducing the space occupied by the cutterhead during excavation. Conversely, when it reaches the lining segments of the receiving ring tunnel 11, the linkage mechanism 1.2 adjusts its posture so that the overall cutting surface forms an inwardly concave arc shape, achieving full-section cutting when connecting.

[0087] To reduce the adverse effects of tip stress on the tunnel lining segments during the tunnel breaking process, each support cutter group 2.2 adjusts its posture under the control of the linkage mechanism 1.2. After each cutter head makes full contact with the lining segments of the starting ring tunnel 10, it remains stationary, and the overall cutting surface forms an outward convex arc shape to temporarily support the tunnel lining segments during the tunnel breaking process. After the tunnel breaking is completed and the stress is evenly released and distributed, the cutter heads of each support cutter group 2.2 simultaneously begin overall rotary cutting drilling, gradually completing the cutting operation of the lining segments of the starting ring main tunnel.

[0088] Excavation of the soil and rock mass then commences. During this process, the cutter head 2, adjusted by the linkage mechanism 1.2, further changes its posture, gradually transforming the overall cutting surface from an outwardly convex arc shape to a planar shape. This means the piercing cutter group 2.1 and each supporting cutter group 2.2 are positioned on the same vertical cutting surface. As excavation continues, the overall cutting surface, again adjusted by the linkage mechanism 1.2, transforms into an inwardly concave arc shape. At this point, the cutting surface reaches the outer periphery of the lining segments of the receiving ring tunnel 11 and begins cutting the lining segments. The entire process is similar to the cutting of the lining segments of the starting ring tunnel 10. First, the central cutter head of the piercing cutter group 2.1 pierces the lining segments of the receiving ring tunnel 11. Simultaneously, each supporting cutter group 2.2 adjusts its posture to provide temporary support for the lining segments of the main receiving ring tunnel. After the central piercing is completed, the overall cutting operation of the lining segments of the receiving ring tunnel 11 begins, continuing until the cutting of the lining segments of the receiving ring tunnel 11 is completed. At this point, the connecting passage 9 is fully connected.

[0089] Since the lining segments of the main tunnel are mostly prefabricated in factories using mechanized methods, cracks or defects inevitably exist on their interior and exterior. When each cutter group cuts the lining segments, stress concentration will occur at the tip. Elasticity theory points out that concentrated stress causes an infinitely large singularity at the crack tip, resulting in infinite stress at the tip. When this stress exceeds the strength of the lining segment, the crack will expand rapidly. Therefore, it is necessary to first break the center of the lining segment using the breaking cutter group 2.1, while at the same time, the supporting cutter groups 2.2 around the lining segment provide temporary support to ensure that the concentrated stress is released and distributed evenly.

[0090] This leads to another key problem that the present invention needs to solve: how the linkage mechanism 1.2 can control the support cutter group 2.2 to prevent its posture from shifting during operation, especially the quantitative issues such as the extension length and angle of each support cutter group 2.2. The key is to ensure that the main auxiliary mechanism of the cutterhead—the tunneling machine or shield machine—always moves along the same horizontal line.

[0091] To address this problem, this invention builds upon a linear pipe jacking guidance method based on a dual-camera target proposed in a Chinese research paper (Huang Zhe et al. Guiding method for straight pipe jacking machines based on dual-camera targets [J]. Progress in Laser & Optoelectronics, 2022, 59(04):458-465.). By utilizing the spot image analysis and processing, calibration grid retrieval, and Euler angle calculation techniques described in the paper, the linkage system achieves quantitative control of each support cutter group 2.2, thereby minimizing the impact of the excavation process of the connecting passage 9 on the main tunnel and improving the overall stability and support effect of the existing main tunnel during construction.

[0092] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0093] 1. Based on the theory of concrete cracking, during tunneling, each rotary cutting head of the tunnel breaking cutter group 2.1 first breaks the lining segments of each tunnel. Each support cutter group 2.2 plays a temporary supporting role for the lining segments of the tunnel. After the lining segments are broken and the stress is released, the overall cutting is carried out to enlarge the tunnel opening through the linkage mechanism 1.2 until the starting end and receiving end tunnels are formed.

[0094] 2. By designing an arc-shaped adjustable cutterhead panel structure and linkage mechanism 1.2, the shield machine or tunneling machine can maximize the contact area between the cutterhead and the lining segments to be cut when excavating the connecting passage 9, avoiding the cutterhead from cutting the sides of the lining segments first, achieving full-section floating cutting, and greatly reducing the space occupied by the cutterhead during excavation.

[0095] 3. The linear pipe jacking guidance method based on dual-camera targets utilizes techniques such as spot image analysis and processing, calibration grid retrieval, and Euler angle calculation to achieve quantitative control of each cutter group by the linkage mechanism 1.2, thereby minimizing the impact of the excavation process of the connecting passage 9 on the main tunnel and improving the overall stability and support effect of the existing main tunnel during construction.

[0096] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” etc. (if present) in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a particular order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented, for example, in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms “comprising” and “having,” and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0097] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A full-section floating segment cutting cutter head, characterized in that it includes a linkage support mechanism (1) and a cutter holder (2). The linkage support mechanism (1) includes a cylindrical structure with an opening at one end. 1.1) and a linkage mechanism (1.2), the cylindrical structure (1.1) includes a sleeve (1.11) and an end panel (1.12) disposed at one end of the sleeve (1.11), the inner sidewall of the sleeve (1.11) is provided with a plurality of limiting structures (3), the center of the end panel (1.12) is provided with a connector (4), the connector (4) is used to connect external tunneling equipment, the external tunneling equipment drives the connector (4) to rotate, so that the end panel (1.12) rotates synchronously with the connector (4); The linkage mechanism (1.2) includes a telescopic drive structure (1.21) and a plurality of linkage brackets (1.22). Each linkage bracket (1.22) includes a first telescopic support rod (1.221). The telescopic drive structure (1.21) is connected to the connector (4) and is located inside the sleeve (1.11). One end of each first telescopic support rod (1.221) is hinged to each of the limiting structures (3), and the other end of each first telescopic support rod (1.221) is hinged to the telescopic drive structure (1.21). The telescopic drive structure (1.21) is used to drive the other end of each first telescopic support rod (1.221) to move along the axial direction of the sleeve (1.11). The cutter holder (2) includes a piercing cutter group (2.1) and several supporting cutter groups (2.2). The piercing cutter group (2.1) is disposed on the telescopic drive structure (1.21) and located on the side of the telescopic drive structure (1.21) away from the end panel (1.12). The cutter head of the piercing cutter group (2.1) faces the tunneling direction. Several supporting cutter groups (2.2) are respectively disposed on each of the first telescopic support rods (1.221), and the cutter head of each supporting cutter group (2.2) faces the tunneling direction. The supporting cutter groups (2.2) disposed on each of the first telescopic support rods (1.221) form an integral cutting surface. The telescopic drive structure (1.21) drives the movement of the other side of each linkage bracket (1.22) so that the integral cutting surface is deformed into an arc shape with different angles. The telescopic drive structure (1.21) is a telescopic linkage spindle. The linkage mechanism (1.2) also includes a first sleeve structure (1.23). The linkage spindle is horizontally arranged at the other end of the connector (4). The first sleeve structure (1.23) is sleeved on the outer side wall of the linkage spindle. The linkage spindle is used to drive the first sleeve structure (1.23) to move along the axial direction of the linkage spindle so that the first sleeve structure (1.23) moves away from or closer to the end panel (1.12). One end of each of the first telescopic support rods (1.221) is hinged to each of the limiting structures (3), and the other end is hinged to the first sleeve structure (1.23).

2. The full face floating pipe segment cutting cutter head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting structure (3) includes a first linkage ring (3.1), the cross-section of the first linkage ring (3.1) is circular, the outer side wall of the first linkage ring (3.1) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the sleeve (1.11), the central axis of the first linkage ring (3.1) coincides with the axis of the linkage main shaft, and one end of each of the first telescopic support rods (1.221) is respectively sleeved on each of the first linkage rings (3.1).

3. The full face floating pipe segment cutting cutter head according to claim 2, characterized in that, The limiting structure (3) further includes a second linkage ring (3.2), the cross-section of which is circular. The linkage mechanism (1.2) further includes a second sleeve structure (1.24). The linkage bracket (1.22) further includes several second telescopic support rods (1.222), several first linkage rods (1.223), several second linkage rods (1.224), and several telescopic third linkage rods (1.225). The outer side wall of the second linkage ring (3.2) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the sleeve (1.11). The central axis of the second linkage ring (3.2) coincides with the axis of the linkage main shaft. The second linkage ring (3.2) is located between the first linkage ring (3.1) and the end panel (1.12). The second sleeve structure (1.24) is sleeved on the outer side wall of the linkage main shaft and is located between the first sleeve structure (1.23) and the end panel (1.12). One end of the second telescopic support rod (1.222) is sleeved on the second linkage ring (3.2), and the other end is hinged to the second sleeve structure (1.24). Several first linkage rods (1.223) are hinged between each pair of adjacent first telescopic support rods (1.221), and several second linkage rods (1.224) are hinged between each pair of adjacent second telescopic support rods (1.222). The head of the third linkage rod (1.225) is hinged to the first telescopic support rod (1.221), the middle part of the third linkage rod (1.225) is hinged to the second telescopic support rod (1.222), and the tail of the third linkage rod (1.225) abuts against the end panel (1.12).

4. The full face floating pipe segment cutting cutter head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hole-breaking knife assembly (2.1) includes a first support base (2.11), a first hydraulic rod (2.12), a support platform (2.13), a plurality of second hydraulic rods (2.14), and a plurality of first rotary cutting heads (2.15). The first support base (2.11) is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the first hydraulic rod (2.12). A hydraulic cylinder (6) is fixedly connected between the first hydraulic rod (2.12) and the sleeve (1.11). One end of the first hydraulic rod (2.12) is fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder (6), and the other end is fixedly connected to the support platform (2.13). The support platform (2.13) is provided with a plurality of second hydraulic rods (2.14) on the side facing the tunnel. Each output end of the second hydraulic rod (2.14) is provided with a first rotary cutting head (2.15).

5. The full-section floating segment cutting cutter head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support blade assembly (2.2) includes a second support base (2.21), a third hydraulic rod (2.22), a first floating disk (2.23), several brackets (2.24), several second rotary cutting blades (2.25), and a second floating disk (2.26). The second support base (2.21) is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the third hydraulic rod (2.22); One end of the third hydraulic rod (2.22) is connected to the telescopic drive structure (1.21), and the other end is movably connected to the first floating disk (2.23); each of the brackets (2.24) is fixedly connected to the first floating disk (2.23), and each of the brackets (2.24) is fixedly connected to a second rotary cutting head (2.25); the second floating disk (2.26) is mounted on the second support base (2.21), and the second floating disk (2.26) is fixedly connected to the third hydraulic rod (2.22).

6. The full-section floating segment cutting cutter head according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, It also includes a slag discharge mechanism (7), which includes a slag discharge pipe (7.1), several slag inlets (7.2), a spiral drive belt structure (7.3), and a slag outlet (7.4). The slag discharge pipe (7.1) is located below the linkage mechanism (1.2), and each of the slag inlets (7.2) is respectively located at the upper end of the slag discharge pipe (7.1). The spiral drive belt structure (7.3) is provided inside the slag discharge pipe (7.1), and the slag outlet (7.4) is located at one end of the slag discharge pipe (7.1) and at the tail end of the spiral drive belt structure (7.3).

7. The full-section floating segment cutting cutter head according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a retaining plate (8), which is disposed on the sleeve (1.11) and located at the head of the spiral drive belt structure (7.3). The retaining plate (8) includes a first baffle (8.1) and a second baffle (8.2). One end of the first baffle (8.1) is hinged to the slag discharge pipe (7.1), and the other end is hinged to one end of the second baffle (8.2). The first baffle (8.1) is located at the head of the spiral drive belt structure (7.3), and the other end of the second baffle (8.2) abuts against the rock wall of the tunnel.

8. A construction method for a full-section floating segment cutting cutterhead as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: After the tunneling machine is initialized, the telescopic drive structure (1.21) extends toward the side of the connecting passage (9), and at the same time drives the breaking cutter group (2.1) and each support cutter group (2.2) to work together. Step S2: The piercing cutter group (2.1) abuts against the lining segments of the starting ring tunnel (10), while each of the supporting cutter groups (2.2) adjusts its posture under the control of the linkage mechanism (1.2) so that the cutter head of each of the supporting cutter groups (2.2) is in full contact with the lining segments of the starting ring tunnel (10), that is, the overall cutting surface of the piercing cutter group (2.1) and each of the supporting cutter groups (2.2) forms an outwardly convex arc shape; Step S3: The tunneling machine advances towards the receiving ring tunnel (11) on the other side. The cutting head of the piercing cutter group (2.1) first pierces the lining segments of the starting ring tunnel (10). At the same time, the cutting heads of each of the supporting cutter groups (2.2) are in full contact with the lining segments of the starting ring tunnel (10) and remain stationary, and provide temporary support for the lining segments during the piercing process. When the piercing cutter group (2.1) completes the piercing and the stress is released evenly, the cutting heads of each of the supporting cutter groups (2.2) begin rotary cutting operation. The cutting heads of the piercing cutter group (2.1) and each of the supporting cutter groups (2.2) start the overall rotary cutting drilling synchronously until the cutting operation of the lining segments of the starting ring tunnel (10) is completed. Step S4: The tunneling machine excavates the soil and rock of the connecting passage (9). The breaking cutter group (2.1) and each of the supporting cutter groups (2.2) are further adjusted in posture under the adjustment of the linkage mechanism (1.2). The overall cutting surface gradually changes from the convex arc shape to a planar shape, that is, the breaking cutter group (2.1) and each of the supporting cutter groups (2.2) are located on the same vertical cutting surface. Step S5: The tunneling machine excavates towards the receiving ring tunnel (11). The overall cutting surface is further transformed into an inwardly concave arc shape under the adjustment of the linkage mechanism (1.2) until the overall cutting surface abuts against the lining segments of the receiving ring tunnel (11). Step S6: Cut the lining segments of the receiving ring tunnel (11). After the lining segments of the receiving ring tunnel (11) are cut, the connecting channel (9) is formed.

9. The construction method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The tunneling machine is equipped with a data acquisition module (12), an image processing and analysis module (13), and a control module (14). The image processing and analysis module (13) is communicatively connected to the control module (14) and the data acquisition module (12). The control module (14) is electrically connected to the linkage mechanism (1.2). The steps for adjusting the attitude include: Step A1: The acquisition module (12) acquires the cutting image and three-dimensional coordinate system of the tunneling machine in real time, and transmits the cutting image and the three-dimensional coordinate system to the image processing and analysis module (13). Step A2: The image processing and analysis module (13) performs spot image analysis, calibration grid retrieval and Euler angle calculation based on the cutting image and the three-dimensional coordinate system to obtain an analysis result and transmits the analysis result to the control module (14). Step A3: The control module (14) controls the linkage mechanism to adjust its posture according to the analysis results.

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