Shot-blasting process for cemented carbide tools

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of hard alloy cutter's sand blasting passivation process, it includes the following steps: first cleaning and drying, first appearance inspection, call tool passivation parameter, passivation first inspection, batch passivation sampling inspection, secondary fine washing and drying and passivation final inspection warehouse.The application introduces appearance inspection before tool passivation, and the tool passivation of tool edge exists chipping and gap is rejected, to avoid the measurement error in passivation first inspection and sampling inspection, mislead the setting of tool passivation parameter, cause the batch unqualified of tool;By introducing first inspection and sampling inspection in the process of tool passivation, the error of tool passivation detection result caused by the performance reduction of abrasive itself can be avoided, and then the rejection rate and rework rate of tool passivation are reduced, to improve work efficiency;Through real-time monitoring of abrasive change, the service life of abrasive is maximized, and the input cost of abrasive is saved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of industrial cutter manufacturing, in particular to a sand blasting passivation process of a hard alloy cutter. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, with the research and development of cutting machining technology, the requirements for tool durability and tool life are becoming higher and higher. The cutting edge geometry has a crucial influence on the tool life and cutting performance. The cutter edge preparation technology is paid more and more attention. Sand blasting is to use compressed air as power to form a high-speed jet beam to spray abrasive particles at a high speed to the edge surface to be processed. Due to the impact and cutting effect of the abrasive particles, the microstructure morphology and stress state of the edge and edge area can be improved, the tool wear resistance and tool life can be improved, and the stability of cutting machining and the quality of machined workpieces can be improved.

[0003] The current sand blasting passivation process is batch passivation at one time. The passivation process is uncontrollable, the consistency of the product passivation is poor, and the risk of product batch rejection is high. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to overcome the above defects, the present application provides a sand blasting passivation process of a hard alloy cutter, which is controllable in production process, improves the passivation stability of the cutter, and reduces the passivation rejection rate.

[0005] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve the technical problems is to provide a sand blasting passivation process of a hard alloy cutter, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1, first cleaning and drying: after the cutter is preliminarily cleaned and dried, the contaminants on the surface of the cutter are removed;

[0007] Step 2, first appearance inspection: the cutter is subjected to appearance inspection. If the appearance of the cutter is qualified, the next passivation step is entered. If the appearance inspection of the cutter is unqualified, it is treated as a rejection;

[0008] Step 3, retrieve passivation basic parameters: according to the cutter information, the passivation basic parameters are retrieved from the passivation database, wherein the passivation database is established according to the passivation data obtained in the actual production process;

[0009] Step 4, first inspection: the cutter surface is subjected to sand blasting treatment by using a spray gun, and at least two cutters after the first sand blasting passivation are subjected to edge inspection. If the edge inspection is qualified, the next passivation step is entered. If the edge inspection is unqualified, it is judged whether the abrasive particle size is within the set value of the pre-set abrasive particle size;

[0010] If yes, the passivation parameters of the cutter are adjusted, and the passivation parameters are updated in the passivation database. If it exceeds the set value, the operation is stopped, and new abrasive particles are added or old abrasive particles are replaced.

[0011] Step 5, batch passivation sampling inspection: every certain time, a certain number of passivated cutters are sampled for edge inspection, if the sampling inspection is qualified, the passivation operation is continued, if the sampling inspection is unqualified, the operation is stopped, and the operation process of step 4 is repeated;

[0012] Step 6, cutter secondary fine cleaning and drying: after passivation is completed, the cutter is cleaned and dried to remove residual abrasive particles and stains on the cutter surface;

[0013] Step 7, passivation final inspection: the cutter after secondary cleaning and drying is inspected before entering the warehouse, if the cutter edge and appearance inspection is qualified, the warehousing treatment is carried out, if the cutter edge and appearance inspection is unqualified, it is treated as scrap.

[0014] As a further improvement of the application, step 1 and step 6 adopt ultrasonic atomization cleaning, the ultrasonic frequency is 25-30HZ, the cleaning time is 5min; after the cutter is cleaned, drying treatment is carried out, the drying temperature is 65-75℃, the drying time is 5min.

[0015] As a further improvement of the application, the cutter is a milling cutter, the abrasive particle size is 800-1600#, the spraying angle is 40-55°, the spraying pressure is 1-3Mpa, the spraying speed is 10-20m / s, and the spraying time is 5-20s.

[0016] As a further improvement of the application, the operator manually enters or scans the two-dimensional identification code on the production work order by using a scanning device to automatically enter the passivation database, so as to retrieve the passivation basic parameters corresponding to the cutter information.

[0017] As a further improvement of the application, in step 4 and step 5, the passivated cutter is grabbed and moved by a mechanical hand to a three-dimensional detector for edge inspection, including edge passivation radius and edge shape inspection.

[0018] As a further improvement of the application, in step 4, a certain number of abrasive particles are randomly sampled, and the size of each abrasive particle is automatically measured by using an ultra-depth microscope to obtain a measurement value, each measurement value is compared with a set value, if 50% of the measurement values are lower than the set value, it is considered that new abrasive particles need to be added or old abrasive particles need to be replaced.

[0019] As a further improvement of the application, each abrasive particle is measured three times to obtain three measurement values, one of the three measurement values is lower than the set value, that is, the measurement value of the abrasive particle is lower than the set value, the set value of the abrasive particle size is 0.7mm.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the application are:

[0021] 1. By introducing appearance inspection before tool passivation, the tool with chipped edge and notch is removed to avoid measurement error in passivation first inspection and sampling inspection, mislead tool passivation parameter setting, and cause batch unqualified tool;

[0022] 2. By introducing first inspection and sampling inspection in tool passivation process, the error of tool passivation detection result caused by the performance reduction of abrasive particles can be avoided, and the rejection rate and rework rate of tool passivation are reduced to improve work efficiency;

[0023] 3. The passivation database built by BI software makes the retrieval of passivation basic parameters and real-time updating of parameters more convenient and easy to operate, and reduces human error;

[0024] 4. By using three-dimensional detector, the passivation radius and edge shape of tool edge can be detected at the same time, the detection time is saved, the detection efficiency is improved, and the passivation efficiency is improved;

[0025] 5. By real-time monitoring of abrasive particle change, the service life of abrasive particles is maximized, and the input cost of abrasive particles is saved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is the principle diagram of the sand blasting passivation process of the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 is the principle diagram of the abrasive particle form judgment process of the present application;

[0028] Figure 3 is the electron microscope scanning diagram of the abrasive particle when not measured;

[0029] Figure 4 is the electron microscope scanning diagram of the abrasive particle when measured. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] A preferred embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Referring to Figure 1 , the present application provides a sand blasting passivation process for hard alloy tool, which comprises the following steps:

[0032] Step 1, first cleaning and drying: after preliminary cleaning of the tool, drying is carried out to remove the contaminants on the surface of the tool;

[0033] Step 2, first appearance inspection: the tool is subjected to appearance inspection, if the tool appearance is qualified, it is transferred to the next passivation step; if the tool appearance inspection is unqualified, it is treated as scrap;

[0034] Step 3, call tool passivation parameters: call passivation basic parameters from the passivation database according to tool information, wherein the passivation database is established by passivation data obtained in actual production process;

[0035] Step 4, first inspection of passivation: adopt a spray gun to perform sand blasting treatment on the tool surface, and perform edge inspection on at least two tools after first sand blasting and passivation, if the edge inspection is qualified, proceed to the next passivation step; if the edge inspection is unqualified, judge whether the abrasive grain size is within the set value of the pre-set abrasive grain size;

[0036] If yes, adjust the tool passivation parameters, and update the passivation parameters in the passivation database; if it exceeds the set value, stop the operation, add new abrasive grains or replace old abrasive grains;

[0037] Step 5, batch passivation sampling inspection: every certain time, a certain number of passivated tools are extracted for edge inspection, if the sampling inspection is qualified, continue the passivation operation; if the sampling inspection is unqualified, stop the operation, and repeat the operation process of step 4 above;

[0038] Step 6, secondary cleaning and drying: after passivation is completed, clean and dry the tool to remove residual abrasive grains and stains on the tool surface;

[0039] Step 7, passivation final inspection and warehousing: perform pre-warehousing inspection on the tool after secondary cleaning and drying, if the tool appearance and tool edge inspection are qualified, perform warehousing treatment; if the tool edge and appearance inspection are unqualified, perform scrap treatment.

[0040] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, ultrasonic atomization cleaning is adopted in the first cleaning and drying of the tool and the secondary cleaning and drying of the tool, the ultrasonic frequency is 25-30HZ, the cleaning time is 5min; after the tool is cleaned, drying treatment is performed, the drying temperature is 65-75℃, and the drying time is 5min.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the tool is a milling cutter, the abrasive grain size is 800-1600#, the spray angle is 40-55°, the spray pressure is 1-3Mpa, the spray speed is 10-20m / s, and the spray time is 5-20s.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the operator manually enters or scans the two-dimensional identification code on the production work order by using a scanning device to automatically enter the tool information to be passivated into the passivation database, so as to call the passivation basic parameters corresponding to the tool information.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, in the first passivation inspection and batch passivation sampling inspection, the passivated tool is grabbed and moved by a mechanical hand to a three-dimensional detector for edge inspection, including edge passivation radius and edge shape inspection.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, in the passivation sampling process, a certain number of abrasive particles are randomly sampled, and the size of each abrasive particle is automatically measured using an ultra-depth microscope to obtain a measurement value. Each measurement value is compared with a set value. If 50% of the measurement values are lower than the set value, it is considered that new abrasive particles need to be added or old abrasive particles need to be replaced.

[0045] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, each abrasive particle is measured three times to obtain three measurement values. One of the three measurement values is lower than the set value, which means that the measurement value of the abrasive particle is lower than the set value. The set value of the abrasive particle size is 0.7 mm.

[0046] Embodiment:

[0047] A sand blasting passivation process of a cemented carbide tool, comprising the following steps:

[0048] Step 1, first cleaning and drying: first, add cleaning liquid to the cleaning machine, set the ultrasonic frequency to 28HZ, and set the time to 5min. Then, place the tool in the ultrasonic cleaning tank of the cleaning machine for cleaning. After cleaning, move the tool to the drying oven, set the temperature to 70℃, and the time to 5min.

[0049] Step 2, first appearance inspection: appearance inspection is performed on the tool after the first cleaning and drying. Before tool passivation, appearance inspection is introduced to remove tools with chipped edges and notches to avoid measurement errors during the first passivation inspection and sampling inspection, mislead the setting of tool passivation parameters, and further cause batch unqualified tools.

[0050] Step 3, retrieve tool passivation parameters: collect the passivation parameters in the actual production process according to the tool information, and build a passivation database through BI software.

[0051] Before tool passivation, the corresponding passivation basic parameters are automatically retrieved from the passivation database through the input tool information. The tool information includes tool name, tool model, tool material, tool diameter, tool edge number, tool rake angle, tool relief angle, tool helix angle, and tool edge inclination angle, etc. The operator can manually input the above information, or use a scanning device to scan the two-dimensional identification code on the production work order to automatically input the above information. The passivation database retrieves the corresponding passivation basic parameters according to the input information.

[0052] When the tool is a flat milling cutter with a cemented carbide base, the retrieved passivation basic parameters are: abrasive grain size of 800#, spray angle of 55°, spray pressure of 2Mpa, spray speed of 10m / s, and spray time of 20s.

[0053] Step 4, first inspection of passivation: after passivation of the first two tools in each production order, the mechanical hand sequentially grabs and moves the two tools to the three-dimensional detector to inspect the tool edge passivation radius and edge shape. If the inspection is qualified, it enters the batch passivation operation.

[0054] If the inspection is unqualified (see Figure 2 ), the passivation is suspended, and then a small part of the abrasive grains is grabbed from the abrasive grain box by the mechanical hand and placed on the detection table of the super-depth microscope (see Figure 3 ), the magnification of the super-depth microscope is the same as that when the abrasive grain setting value is determined, and the size of 20 abrasive grains is measured (see Figure 4 ). The super-depth microscope measures the size of the abrasive grain to obtain the measurement value, which is automatically output to the judgment system and compared with the setting value of 0.700mm to make an NG judgment, see Table 1 (unit: mm).

[0055] Table 1

[0056]

[0057]

[0058] In Table 1, each abrasive grain is measured three times to obtain three measurement values, one of which is lower than the setting value, i.e. the measurement value of the abrasive grain is lower than the setting value, and the abrasive grain size is judged NG (see Figure 4 No. 5). As can be seen from Table 1, the NG state in the judgment result of the abrasive grain is less than 50% of the total number, so this time no abrasive grain needs to be replaced or added, and the machine tool automatically adjusts and updates the passivation basic parameters. Conversely, if the NG state in the judgment result of the abrasive grain size exceeds 50% of the total number, the machine tool will alarm, and manual addition of new abrasive grain or replacement of abrasive grain is required.

[0059] Here, the abrasive grain is detected because when the measurement value of the abrasive grain is lower than the setting value, only larger size abrasive grains cut the tool surface during passivation, at which time the cutting force on the tool edge will be smaller, and the passivation effect will be weakened, so that the passivation efficiency of the machine tool cannot be maximized, resulting in prolonged passivation time. Therefore, monitoring the change of the abrasive grain at any time is conducive to the stability of the passivation process, improves the passivation efficiency and passivation qualification rate.

[0060] Step 5, batch passivation sampling inspection: set the sampling frequency, which is set according to the production demand, and the setting reference can be time or production quantity. Preferably, in the present application, one out of every 10 cutters is sampled, and the three-dimensional detector is used to quickly test the passivation radius and edge shape of the sampled cutter edge. Increasing the sampling inspection of the cutter passivation process can control the unqualified number of the cutter passivation within 10, and it is easy to trace the unqualified products, prevent the generation of a large number of unqualified products and mix into qualified products.

[0061] Step 6, secondary cleaning and drying: the same as the first cleaning and drying process, to remove the residual abrasive particles and stains on the surface of the cutter.

[0062] Step 7, passivation final inspection and storage: a certain number of cutters that have completed passivation before storage are sampled according to the final inspection requirements, and the three-dimensional detector is used to test the passivation radius and edge shape of the cutter edge, and at the same time, the surface of the cutter is checked whether it is dry, clean and free of water drops, whether the surface of the dried cutter is complete, free of pits and adhesion, and whether there is no chipping and burr. After the final inspection, the cutters are stored in batches.

[0063] In summary, the sand blasting passivation process of the hard alloy cutter provided by the present application introduces appearance inspection before cutter passivation, removes cutters with chipping and notches on the cutter edge, so as to avoid measurement errors in the first inspection and sampling inspection of passivation, mislead the setting of cutter passivation parameters, and cause batch unqualified cutters. By introducing the first inspection and sampling inspection in the cutter passivation process, the error of the cutter passivation detection result caused by the performance reduction of the abrasive particles can be avoided, and the rejection rate and rework rate of the cutter passivation are reduced, so as to improve the work efficiency. The passivation database built by the BI software makes the retrieval of passivation basic parameters and the real-time updating of parameters more convenient and easy to operate, and reduces the human error. By using the three-dimensional detector, the passivation radius and edge shape of the cutter edge can be detected at the same time, the detection time is saved, the detection efficiency is improved, and the passivation efficiency is improved. Through real-time monitoring of the change of the abrasive particles, the service life of the abrasive particles is maximized, and the input cost of the abrasive particles is saved.

[0064] In the above description, many specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. However, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from the description. Therefore, the present application is not limited by the specific implementation disclosed above. Meanwhile, any person skilled in the art can make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solutions of the present application, or modify them into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the scope of the technical solutions of the present application. Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present application, without departing from the scope of the technical solutions of the present application, still belongs to the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A blasting passivation process of a cemented carbide tool, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step 1, first cleaning and drying: after the preliminary cleaning of the tool, drying is performed to remove the contaminants on the surface of the tool; Step 2, first appearance inspection: the tool is subjected to appearance inspection, if the tool appearance is qualified, the next passivation step is entered; if the tool appearance inspection is unqualified, it is scrapped; Step 3, call passivation basic parameters: according to the tool information, the passivation basic parameters are called from the passivation database, wherein the passivation database is established according to the passivation data obtained in the actual production process; Step 4, first passivation inspection: the tool surface is subjected to sand blasting treatment by using a spray gun, and at least two tools after the first sand blasting passivation are subjected to edge inspection, if the edge inspection is qualified, the next passivation step is entered; if the edge inspection is unqualified, it is judged whether the abrasive grain size is within the set value of the abrasive grain size preset value, if yes, the tool passivation parameters are adjusted, and the passivation parameters are updated in the passivation database; if it exceeds the set value, the operation is stopped, and new abrasive grains or old abrasive grains are added, that is, a certain number of abrasive grains are randomly selected, the size of each abrasive grain is automatically measured by using a super-depth microscope to obtain a measurement value, each measurement value is compared with the set value, if 50% of the measurement values are lower than the set value, it is considered that new abrasive grains or old abrasive grains need to be added; Step 5, batch passivation sampling inspection: a certain number of passivated tools are sampled every certain time for edge inspection, if the sampling inspection is qualified, the passivation operation is continued; if the sampling inspection is unqualified, the operation is stopped, and the operation process of step 4 is repeated; Step 6, second cleaning and drying of the tool: after the passivation is completed, the tool is cleaned and dried to remove the residual abrasive grains and stains on the surface of the tool; Step 7, final passivation inspection: the tool after the second cleaning and drying is subjected to pre-storage inspection, if the tool edge and appearance inspection are qualified, it is stored; if the tool edge and appearance inspection are unqualified, it is scrapped.

2. A blasting passivation process of cemented carbide tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 1 and step 6 adopt ultrasonic atomization cleaning, the ultrasonic frequency is 25-30HZ, the cleaning time is 5min; after the tool is cleaned, drying treatment is performed, the drying temperature is 65-75℃, and the drying time is 5min.

3. A blasting passivation process of cemented carbide tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool is a milling cutter, the abrasive grain size is 800-1600#, the spray angle is 40-55°, the spray pressure is 1-3Mpa, the spray speed is 10-20m / s, and the spray time is 5-20s.

4. A blasting passivation process of cemented carbide tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operator manually enters or scans the two-dimensional identification code on the production work order by using a scanning device to automatically enter the tool information to be passivated into the passivation database, so as to call the passivation basic parameters corresponding to the tool information.

5. A blasting passivation process of cemented carbide tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: In steps 4 and 5, the passivated tool is grabbed and moved by a mechanical hand to a three-dimensional detector for edge inspection, including edge passivation radius and edge shape inspection.

6. A blasting passivation process of cemented carbide tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each abrasive grain is measured three times to obtain three measurement values, one of the three measurement values is lower than the set value, that is, the measurement value of the abrasive grain is lower than the set value, the set value of the abrasive grain size is 0.7mm.

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