Mechanical hole-forming method for rectangular pile with expandable asynchronous drilling, excavating and horizontal cantilevered haunch

Abstract

The application discloses a mechanical hole-forming method of a rectangular pile with a reaming asynchronous type drilling and digging with a haunch horizontal cantilever, which comprises the following steps: combining multiple drilling machines to form a rectangular structure corresponding to the size of a rectangular pile hole; sequentially arranging a slag body processing mechanism, a haunch drilling assembly, a horizontal drilling assembly and a vertical drilling device on each drilling machine from top to bottom; controlling the vertical drilling devices on all the drilling machines to vertically drill and dig the stratum downward until the design depth of the horizontal cantilever; starting the haunch drilling assembly on the drilling machine arranged near the haunch hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole digging part; controlling the horizontal hydraulic cylinder to drive the horizontal drilling device to move outward and horizontally drill and dig the stratum to the design length; and continuously controlling the vertical drilling devices on all the drilling machines to vertically drill and dig the stratum downward until the design depth of the rectangular pile hole to form an embedded section of the rectangular pile hole. The method has the advantages that according to different sizes of the rectangular pile hole, corresponding numbers of drilling machines are arranged on the rectangular anti-slide pile drilling machine to form a rectangular structure, so that the rectangular pile hole can be drilled and dug.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of anti-slide pile drilling equipment, specifically relating to a mechanical hole-forming method for rectangular piles with an asynchronous drilling and excavation method and a horizontal cantilever with a haunch that can expand the hole. Background Technology

[0002] In engineering projects such as slope protection, roadbed construction, foundation pit excavation, and tunnel entrance / exit construction, anti-slide piles are the most effective measure to transfer the lateral thrust of the soil and rock mass to the stable strata below the sliding surface, resisting lateral thrust and mitigating engineering and geological hazards. Anti-slide piles are divided into rectangular cross-section anti-slide piles and circular cross-section anti-slide piles. Rectangular anti-slide piles have advantages such as high lateral stiffness and high single pile bearing capacity, effectively enhancing anti-slide force and increasing the anti-slide coefficient. Therefore, rectangular cross-section anti-slide piles are widely used in various engineering fields. Traditional rectangular cross-section anti-slide piles have a large cross-section and cannot fully utilize the strength of the soil and rock mass in front of the pile. For anti-slide piles with horizontal cantilever structures, the horizontal cantilever can fully utilize the strength of the soil and rock mass in front of the pile, improving the anti-slide capacity of the anti-slide pile; however, drilling the horizontal cantilever pile holes for rectangular anti-slide piles with horizontal cantilever structures is extremely difficult. Furthermore, traditional rectangular cross-section anti-slide piles typically employ both manual and mechanical excavation methods. Collapses caused by manual excavation of bored piles account for 65% of all collapse accidents, and are inefficient and costly, while mechanical excavation is safer and more efficient. Therefore, using mechanical drilling to excavate pile holes with horizontal cantilever rectangular anti-slide piles within soil and rock layers is of great significance for ensuring the safety of construction personnel and improving efficiency.

[0003] Currently, there are various types of drilling equipment and mechanical excavation methods for rectangular anti-slide piles, such as:

[0004] Patent No. CN 106836354A, "Mechanical Hole-Drilling Device for Rectangular Anti-slide Piles," uses multiple cutting blades to form a rectangular shovel head. The rear end of the shovel head is equipped with a counterweight or hydraulic propulsion device to achieve the drilling of rectangular pile holes. Patent No. CN 103244053A, "Rectangular Drilling Machine," mainly uses two cam bodies to drive two T-shaped cutters evenly distributed at the bottom of a steel frame to move in opposite directions and reciprocate, cutting the soil to form rectangular holes.

[0005] Patent No. CN 104533300A, "Rectangular Drilling Machine", has a tapered drill bit at the bottom of a rectangular transmission box and cross-shaped long cutters on the four sides. The tapered drill bit drills in to form a circular pile hole, and then the cross-shaped long cutters rotate and cut to shape it into a rectangular pile hole.

[0006] The patent number CN 207715083U, "A Rectangular Anti-slide Pile Drilling Rig", mainly involves setting a circular drill cylinder and a rectangular drill cylinder at the bottom of the drill rod. The circular drill cylinder is screwed in to form a circular pile hole, and then the rectangular drill cylinder cuts the soil around the circular pile hole to form a rectangular pile hole.

[0007] Patent No. CN 105951798A, "A Rectangular Drilling Machine", mainly uses a motor to drive four concave cylindrical parts with agitators to cut the soil and drill rectangular pile holes.

[0008] Existing drilling machines mainly form vertical rectangular pile holes in rock and soil. However, the following problems exist: (1) It is impossible to drill rectangular anti-slide pile holes with a horizontal cantilever structure with axle in rock and soil; (2) Other machinery (grab bucket) or auxiliary measures (slurry positive circulation slag removal method) are used to clean the slag in the pile hole. The integration of drilling and slag removal equipment is low, the construction efficiency is low and the cost is high.

[0009] Regarding mechanical construction methods for rectangular anti-slide piles, for example:

[0010] Patent No. CN 108678661A, "Method for Drilling Holes for Square Anti-slide Piles and Square Drill Bit for Drilling Holes," utilizes a rotary drilling rig with a circular drill bit to drill at least one row of circular pilot holes sequentially along the length of the cross-section of the square anti-slide pile hole. The rows of circular pilot holes are connected, and the sidewalls of the square anti-slide pile hole are tangent to the edges of the adjacent circular pilot holes. Then, a square drill bit is used to sweep the hole, cutting away excess soil downwards along the outline of the square anti-slide pile hole. This process is repeated until the design requirements are met.

[0011] The patent number CN110593753A, "Method for Rapid Mechanical Hole Formation of Rectangular Anti-slide Piles," first uses a rotary drilling rig with a round drill bit to drill pilot holes at the four corners until the designed pile bottom elevation is reached. Then, a trenching machine is used to trim the pilot holes in three sections, employing a three-stage grab bucket operation: first, grabbing along the long side of the anti-slide pile from the pilot hole location until the designed hole depth is reached; second, grabbing along the other long side of the anti-slide pile from the pilot hole location until the designed hole depth is reached; third, grabbing the remaining middle section until the designed hole depth is reached. If encountering complex and hard strata such as hard gravelly soil or calcareous cemented layers, the trenching machine stops grabbing the soil, and the hard layers are broken using a long-arm hydraulic breaker.

[0012] The patent number CN 110820733A, "An Improved Simple Rectangular Anti-slide Pile Mechanical Rapid Hole Formation Construction Method", mainly involves two rotary excavations of circular pile holes, connecting the circular pile holes and over-excavating beyond the outline of the rectangular pile hole. After placing a rectangular steel cylinder inside the pile hole, the over-excavated part is poured to form the rectangular pile hole.

[0013] Patents CN 110714460A, "A Mechanical Method for Drilling Rectangular Anti-slide Piles with Reduced Filling Coefficient," and CN 113605387, "A Fully Mechanical Construction Method for Rectangular Anti-slide Piles," both mainly involve two or more rotary excavations of circular pile holes. The circular pile holes are connected or partially overlapped and tangent to the outline of the rectangular pile hole. The rectangular pile hole is then formed by mechanically removing slag and repairing the hole around the perimeter of the pile hole.

[0014] The patent number CN 111691408A, "A Construction Method for Rectangular Anti-slide Piles in Soft Rock Layers", mainly involves first drilling a rectangular groove along the outline of a rectangular pile hole using a small-diameter rotary drilling rig, with the small-diameter pile hole tangent to the outline of the rectangular pile hole. Then, a large-diameter rotary drilling rig is used to partially overlap the small-diameter pile hole, and the pile hole is mechanically cleaned and repaired to form a rectangular pile hole.

[0015] However, the following problems exist: (1) It is impossible to drill rectangular anti-slide pile holes with a horizontal cantilever structure with a haunch in the rock and soil; (2) Other machinery or auxiliary measures are required for hole repair, resulting in low drilling efficiency and high cost, and it is impossible to drill rectangular pile holes in one go; (3) The pile hole size varies in actual projects, and the existing rectangular anti-slide pile hole forming machinery and equipment has a fixed size, which cannot cope with the changes in pile hole size; (4) Using other machinery (grab bucket) or auxiliary measures (slurry positive circulation slag removal method) to clean the slag in the pile hole increases the construction cost. Summary of the Invention

[0016] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a mechanical drilling method for rectangular piles with a horizontal cantilever and a reaming-capable asynchronous drilling mechanism. This mechanical drilling method combines multiple drilling rigs to form a rectangular structure corresponding to the size of the rectangular pile hole. A slag handling mechanism, a haunch drill assembly, a horizontal drill assembly, and a vertical drill assembly are sequentially arranged on the drilling rig from top to bottom to asynchronously drill the rectangular anti-slide pile hole with a horizontal cantilever and a haunch. Specifically, the vertical drilling device uses cylindrical drill rigs arranged in a matrix to excavate the rectangular pile hole to the designed depth of the horizontal cantilever and then stops. The method then uses the haunch drill assembly and the horizontal drill assembly... The system simultaneously drills the haunch portion and the rectangular pile hole for the horizontal cantilever structure. Alternatively, it can first use the haunch drilling assembly to drill outwards to form the haunch portion, and then use the horizontal drilling assembly to drill the rectangular pile hole for the horizontal cantilever structure by extending the horizontal drilling device laterally through the horizontal hydraulic cylinder. Or, it can use the horizontal drilling assembly to drill the rectangular pile hole for the horizontal cantilever structure by extending the horizontal drilling device laterally through the horizontal hydraulic cylinder, and then use the haunch drilling assembly to drill outwards to form the haunch portion. After completing the drilling of the rectangular pile hole for the horizontal cantilever structure with the haunch portion, the haunch drilling assembly is rotated back and the horizontal drilling assembly is retracted. Finally, the vertical drilling device continues to drill the rectangular pile hole downwards to the design depth.

[0017] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0018] A mechanical hole-forming method for rectangular piles with a horizontal cantilever and a reaming-type asynchronous drilling system, characterized in that the mechanical hole-forming method includes the following steps:

[0019] S1: Based on the dimensions of the rectangular pile hole, multiple drilling rigs are combined to form a rectangular structure corresponding to the dimensions of the rectangular pile hole; a slag handling mechanism, a haunch drill assembly, a horizontal drill assembly, and a vertical drill device are sequentially installed on each drilling rig from top to bottom; wherein:

[0020] The axle drill assembly includes an axle drill device, a rotary hydraulic cylinder, a crank hydraulic cylinder, and an axle drill reaction frame. The axle drill reaction frame has a box-shaped structure with a side opening. The upper swing plate at the lower end of the axle drill device is rotatably connected to the lower swing plate on the bottom surface of the axle drill reaction frame via a connecting shaft. The rotary hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the middle or upper part of the axle drill device. The crank hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the upper swing plate via a crank shaft, and the crank shaft is located directly below the connecting shaft.

[0021] The axle-adding drilling device rotates outward under the drive of a rotary hydraulic cylinder and a crank hydraulic cylinder to form a horizontal cantilever axle-adding section;

[0022] The horizontal drilling assembly includes a horizontal drilling device and a horizontal hydraulic cylinder that drives the horizontal drilling device to move laterally.

[0023] The vertical drilling device includes several horizontally arranged cylindrical drill assemblies that form a rectangular excavation face.

[0024] S2: Position the axle drill devices on all the drilling rigs within the box-shaped space of the axle drill reaction frame, and put the horizontal drill devices in the horizontal drill assemblies on all the drilling rigs into a standby state with minimum stroke, controlling the vertical drill devices on all the drilling rigs to drill vertically downwards into the strata until the design depth of the horizontal cantilever, so as to form the free section of the rectangular pile hole;

[0025] S3: Stop drilling on all the vertical drilling devices on the drilling rigs, and open the haunch drilling assembly on the drilling rig located near the haunch hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation section. Driven by the rotary hydraulic cylinder and the crank hydraulic cylinder, the haunch drilling device gradually rotates outward around the connecting shaft as the rotation center and drills the stratum at the same time until the haunch drilling device rotates from the vertical state to the horizontal state to form the haunch hole.

[0026] S4: Control the horizontal hydraulic cylinder on the drilling rig located near the axle hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation section to drive the horizontal drilling device to move horizontally outward to drill the strata to the designed length, so as to form the horizontal cantilever pile hole;

[0027] S5: Retract the horizontal drilling device on the drilling rig located near the axle hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation section to the minimum stroke and stop working, and rotate the axle drilling device back to the vertical state; continue to control the vertical drilling devices on all the drilling rigs to drill vertically downwards to the design depth of the rectangular pile hole to form the embedded section of the rectangular pile hole.

[0028] In step S1, the connection method between the drilling rig and the drilling vehicle located on the ground is selected according to the design depth of the rectangular pile hole. The connection method is either a vertical drill rod connection or a cable connection.

[0029] If the design depth of the rectangular pile hole is within the length range of the vertical drill rod, then the vertical drill rod is installed on the drilling rig, and the lower end of the vertical drill rod is connected to the drilling machine;

[0030] If the designed depth of the rectangular pile hole exceeds the length of the vertical drill rod, then the cable is installed on the drilling rig and the lower end of the cable is used to hoist the drilling machine.

[0031] The drilling rig includes a vehicle-mounted platform, a steel column, a tie rod, a hinge shaft, a guide rail, a slider, and a steel cantilever beam. The steel column is vertically mounted on the vehicle-mounted platform. The upper end of the tie rod is hinged to the upper end of the steel column, and the lower end is hinged to the hinge shaft fixed on the vehicle-mounted platform. The guide rail is vertically mounted and fixed along the steel column. The slider is slidably mounted on the guide rail, and the steel cantilever beam is fixed on the slider.

[0032] When the drilling rig and the drilling machine are connected by the vertical drill rod, a rotary motor is installed on the steel suspension beam and drives the vertical drill rod to rotate.

[0033] When the drilling rig and the drilling vehicle are connected by the cable, a set of winch motors are fixedly installed on the steel suspension beam to drive the cable to suspend the drilling rig in the vertical direction, and a cable support is fixedly installed below the steel suspension beam.

[0034] In step S1, the stratum drilled by the drilling rig is a soil stratum;

[0035] The slag treatment mechanism includes a mixing device, a crushing device, a slag suction system, a slag discharge system, and a grouting system;

[0036] The mixing device includes a mixing tank and a mixing mechanism; the mixing tank is provided with a slag suction port, a slag discharge port, and a slurry inlet; the mixing mechanism includes a main gear and several auxiliary gears meshing with the main gear, the main gear being driven by the lower end of the vertical drill rod or by a mixing motor, a main mixing shaft extending into the mixing tank is coaxially mounted on the main gear, and mixing blades are mounted on the main mixing shaft; an auxiliary mixing shaft extending into the mixing tank is coaxially mounted on the auxiliary gear, and mixing blades are mounted on the auxiliary mixing shaft.

[0037] The slag suction system includes a main slag suction pipe and vertical slag suction branch pipes, horizontal slag suction branch pipes, and axle-added slag suction branch pipes branching from the suction port of the main slag suction pipe; the slag suction port of the mixing tank is connected to the main slag suction pipe, and the crushing device is provided between the main slag suction pipe and the suction port; the crushing device includes a blower for suction and a crushing blade for crushing sludge; the suction head of the vertical slag suction branch pipe is connected to the vertical drilling device, the suction head of the horizontal slag suction branch pipe is connected to the horizontal drilling assembly, and the suction head of the axle-added slag suction branch pipe is connected to the axle-added drilling assembly; each suction head is equipped with a slag suction valve; the pipe bodies of the horizontal slag suction branch pipes and the axle-added slag suction branch pipes are both telescopic pipes;

[0038] The grouting system includes a grouting main pipe and a grouting pump installed on the grouting main pipe. One port of the grouting main pipe is connected to the grout inlet on the mixing tank to pump the mud into the mixing tank.

[0039] The slag discharge system includes a slag discharge pipe and a slag discharge pump installed on the slag discharge pipe. One end of the slag discharge pipe is connected to the slag discharge port on the mixing tank to pump the mud and slag in the mixing tank to the ground for collection.

[0040] The vertical drilling device includes a U-shaped fork plate and several cylindrical drill assemblies mounted on the U-shaped fork plate, the cylindrical drill assemblies being arranged in a matrix; the U-shaped fork plate consists of a web plate, wing plates disposed on both sides of the web plate, and a steel support vertically welded to the web plate; each cylindrical drill assembly includes two cylinders, several swivel blade assemblies evenly distributed on the surface of the cylinders, and a motor driving the cylinders to rotate; each swivel blade assembly consists of a swivel blade base and swivel blades inclinedly fixed on the swivel blade base; the motor shaft passes through the cylinders and is correspondingly disposed in the shaft holes of the wing plates on both sides of the U-shaped fork plate; the steel support is welded to the motor housing;

[0041] The horizontal drilling assembly also includes a horizontal drilling reaction frame, which has a box-shaped structure with a side opening. The upper surface of the horizontal drilling reaction frame is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the haunch drilling reaction frame, and the lower surface is fixedly connected to the U-shaped fork plate of the vertical drilling device. The cylinder end face of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the inner wall of the horizontal drilling reaction frame, and the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder drives the horizontal drilling device to move laterally horizontally.

[0042] The axle drill reaction frame includes an axle hydraulic reaction plate, an upper axle hydraulic side plate disposed at the upper end of the axle hydraulic reaction plate, a lower axle hydraulic side plate disposed at the lower end of the axle hydraulic reaction plate, and axle hydraulic side guard plates disposed on both sides of the axle hydraulic reaction plate; the rear end of the cylinder of the rotating hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the axle hydraulic reaction plate via a hinge seat; the rear end of the cylinder of the crank hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the axle hydraulic reaction plate via a hinge seat; the upper swing plate is semi-circular; the axle drill device includes an axle drill web, axle drill wing plates located on both sides of the axle drill web, and a plurality of axle cylindrical drill assemblies, each of the axle cylindrical drill assemblies being arranged at intervals along the vertical plane and the top surface.

[0043] In steps S2 and S5, during the process of vertical drilling of soil strata by all the vertical drilling devices on the drilling rigs, the suction valves at the suction heads of the haunch suction pipe and the horizontal suction pipe are closed, and the suction valve at the suction head of the vertical suction pipe is opened to suck the crushed mud from the vertical drilling device into the crushing device. The crushing device further crushes the sucked mud and sends it into the mixing tank for mixing. Meanwhile, the grouting system pumps slurry into the mixing tank in real time to mix with the mud. The slag discharge system pumps the mud and slurry mixture from the mixing tank to the ground for collection and treatment in real time.

[0044] In step S3, during the process of the axle drilling device on the drilling rig located near the axle hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation section rotating outward to drill the rock and soil to form the axle hole, the slag suction valves at the suction heads of the horizontal slag suction branch pipe and the vertical slag suction branch pipe are closed, and the slag suction valve at the suction head of the axle suction branch pipe is opened to suck the crushed mud slag from the axle drilling device into the crushing device. The crushing device further crushes the sucked mud slag and sends it into the mixing tank for mixing. Meanwhile, the grouting system pumps slurry into the mixing tank in real time to mix with the mud slag. The slag discharge system pumps the mud slag and slurry mixture from the mixing tank to the ground for collection and treatment in real time.

[0045] In step S4, during the process of the horizontal drilling device being driven by the horizontal hydraulic cylinder on the drilling rig located near the axle hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation section to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole, the slag suction valves at the suction heads of the axle suction branch pipe and the vertical slag suction branch pipe are closed, and the slag suction valves at the suction heads of the horizontal slag suction branch pipe are opened to suck the crushed mud from the horizontal drilling device into the crushing device. The crushing device further crushes the sucked mud and sends it into the mixing tank for mixing, and the grouting system pumps mud into the mixing tank in real time to mix with the mud and slag. The slag discharge system pumps the mud and slag mixture from the mixing tank to the ground for collection and treatment in real time.

[0046] In step S1, the strata drilled by the drilling rig are rock strata;

[0047] The slag treatment mechanism includes a mixing device, a crushing device, a slag suction system, a slag discharge system, and a grouting system;

[0048] The mixing device includes a mixing tank and a mixing mechanism disposed on the mixing tank; a slag suction port disposed on the mixing tank is connected to the slag suction system, and a slag discharge port disposed on the mixing tank is connected to the slag discharge system; the grouting system is connected to the axle drill assembly, the horizontal drill assembly, and the vertical drill device; the mixing mechanism includes a main gear and several auxiliary gears meshing with the main gear; the main gear is driven to rotate by a mixing motor or by the lower end of the vertical drill rod; a mixing main rotating shaft extending into the mixing tank is coaxially disposed on the main gear, and mixing blades are disposed on the mixing main rotating shaft; a mixing auxiliary rotating shaft extending into the mixing tank is coaxially disposed on the auxiliary gear, and mixing blades are disposed on the mixing auxiliary rotating shaft;

[0049] The slag suction system includes a main slag suction pipe. A crushing device is provided between the main slag suction pipe and the slag suction port of the mixing tank. The crushing device includes a blower for suction and a crushing blade for crushing sludge. The suction port of the main slag suction pipe branches into an axle suction branch pipe, a vertical suction branch pipe, and a horizontal suction branch pipe. The suction head of the vertical suction branch pipe is connected to the vertical drilling device. The suction head of the horizontal suction branch pipe is connected to the horizontal drilling assembly. The suction head of the axle suction branch pipe is connected to the axle drilling assembly. Each suction head is equipped with a slag suction valve. The pipe bodies of the axle suction branch pipe and the horizontal suction branch pipe are telescopic pipes.

[0050] The slag discharge system includes a slag discharge pipe and a slag discharge pump installed on the slag discharge pipe. The lower end of the slag discharge pipe is connected to the slag discharge port on the mixing tank.

[0051] The grouting system includes a main grouting pipe and a grouting pump mounted on the main grouting pipe. The lower end of the main grouting pipe branches into a vertical grouting branch pipe, a horizontal grouting branch pipe, and a haunch grouting branch pipe. The nozzle of the vertical grouting branch pipe extends into the vertical drilling device near the cylindrical drill assembly. The nozzle of the horizontal grouting branch pipe extends into the horizontal drilling assembly near the horizontal drilling device. The nozzle of the haunch grouting branch pipe extends into the haunch drill assembly near the haunch drill assembly. Each nozzle is equipped with a grouting valve. The portion of the horizontal grouting branch pipe located within the horizontal drilling assembly is a telescopic tube to move back and forth with the horizontal drilling device. The portion of the haunch grouting branch pipe located within the haunch drill reaction frame is a telescopic tube to extend and retract with the rotation of the haunch drill device.

[0052] The vertical drilling device includes a U-shaped fork plate and several cylindrical drill assemblies mounted on the U-shaped fork plate. The U-shaped fork plate consists of a web plate, wing plates disposed on both sides of the web plate, and a steel support vertically welded to the web plate. Each cylindrical drill assembly includes two cylindrical drills and a motor that drives the two cylindrical drills to rotate. Each cylindrical drill includes a cylinder and several hobbing cutter assemblies spaced apart on the surface of the cylinder, as well as several reamer assemblies arranged between adjacent hobbing cutter assemblies. Each hobbing cutter assembly includes a hobbing cutter base and a ring of hobbing cutters fixed on the hobbing cutter base. Each reamer assembly includes a reamer base and reamers that are inclinedly fixed on the reamer base. The housing of the motor is fixed to the steel support, and the motor drives the two cylinders on both sides to rotate.

[0053] The horizontal drilling assembly also includes a horizontal drilling reaction frame, which has a box-shaped structure with a side opening. The upper surface of the horizontal drilling reaction frame is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the haunch drilling reaction frame, and the lower surface is fixedly connected to the U-shaped fork plate of the vertical drilling device. The cylinder end face of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the inner wall of the horizontal drilling reaction frame, and the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder drives the horizontal drilling device to move laterally horizontally.

[0054] The axle drill reaction frame includes an axle hydraulic reaction plate, an upper axle hydraulic side plate disposed at the upper end of the axle hydraulic reaction plate, a lower axle hydraulic side plate disposed at the lower end of the axle hydraulic reaction plate, and axle hydraulic side guard plates disposed on both sides of the axle hydraulic reaction plate; the rear end of the cylinder of the rotating hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the axle hydraulic reaction plate via a hinge seat; the rear end of the cylinder of the crank hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the axle hydraulic reaction plate via a hinge seat; the upper swing plate is semi-circular; the axle drill device includes an axle drill web, axle drill wing plates located on both sides of the axle drill web, and a plurality of axle cylindrical drill assemblies, each of the axle cylindrical drill assemblies being arranged at intervals along the vertical plane and the top surface.

[0055] 1. In steps S2 and S5, during the vertical drilling process of all the vertical drilling devices on the drilling rigs, the grouting valves at the horizontal grouting branch nozzles and the slag suction valves at the horizontal slag suction branch nozzles are closed, as are the grouting valves at the haunch grouting branch nozzles and the slag suction valves at the haunch suction branch nozzles. Simultaneously, the grouting valves at the vertical grouting branch nozzles are opened to continuously inject mud into the rock surface at the drilling site of the vertical drilling device. At the same time, the slag suction valves at the vertical slag suction branch nozzles are opened to draw the mixture of crushed rock and mud from the vertical drilling device into the crushing device. The crushing device further crushes the drawn rock and mud mixture and then sends it to the mixing tank for mixing. The slag discharge system continuously pumps the rock and mud mixture from the mixing tank to the ground for collection and treatment.

[0056] In step S3, during the process of the axle drilling device on the drilling rig located near the axle hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation section rotating outward to drill the rock strata to form the axle hole, the grouting valve at the horizontal grouting branch nozzle and the slag suction valve at the horizontal slag suction branch nozzle are closed, as are the grouting valve at the vertical grouting branch nozzle and the slag suction valve at the vertical slag suction branch nozzle. Meanwhile, the grouting valve at the axle grouting branch nozzle is opened to continuously inject mud into the rock surface at the axle drilling device's drilling location. Simultaneously, the slag suction valve at the axle suction branch nozzle is opened to suck the mixture of crushed rock and mud from the axle drilling device into the crushing device. The crushing device further crushes the sucked rock and mud mixture and then sends it to the mixing tank for mixing. The slag discharge system continuously pumps the rock and mud mixture from the mixing tank to the ground for collection and treatment.

[0057] In step S4, during the process of the horizontal drilling device moving outward horizontally to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole, driven by the horizontal hydraulic cylinder on the drilling rig located near the haunch hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation section, the grouting valve at the vertical grouting branch nozzle and the slag suction valve at the vertical slag suction branch nozzle are closed, as are the grouting valve at the haunch grouting branch nozzle and the slag suction valve at the haunch slag suction branch nozzle. Meanwhile, the grouting valve at the horizontal grouting branch nozzle is opened to continuously inject mud into the rock surface at the drilling site of the horizontal drilling device. Simultaneously, the slag suction valve at the horizontal slag suction branch nozzle is opened to draw the mixture of crushed rock and mud from the horizontal drilling device into the crushing device. The crushing device further crushes the drawn-in rock and mud mixture and then sends it to the mixing tank for mixing. The slag discharge system continuously pumps the mixture of rock and mud from the mixing tank to the ground for collection and treatment.

[0058] The advantages of this invention are:

[0059] (1) According to the different sizes of rectangular pile holes, set up a corresponding number of drilling machines on the rectangular anti-slide pile drilling machine to form a rectangular structure for drilling rectangular pile holes;

[0060] (2) Based on the required depth of the drilled pile hole, drill rods or cables can be selected to achieve hoisting and connection of the drilling rig; a horizontally telescopic horizontal drilling assembly and an outwardly rotating axle drilling assembly are combined on the vertical drilling device to realize the drilling of rectangular anti-slide pile holes with axle holes in soil or rock strata.

[0061] (3) Both horizontal cantilever structures with haunches and vertical piles can be drilled in one go without the need for other mechanical assistance, thereby improving construction efficiency and saving construction and equipment costs;

[0062] (4) For soil strata, the construction environment is improved and the cost of mud is saved by vacuum suction and mud discharge. For rock strata, mud is injected into the drilling interface to mix with rock blocks to achieve suction. The rock blocks are then crushed in the crushing box to better discharge them from the pile hole and prevent the slag discharge pipe from being blocked.

[0063] (5) It has both drilling and slag removal functions, and the drilling rig has a high degree of integration, realizing the uninterrupted synchronous drilling and slag removal, reducing construction procedures, saving construction costs, and improving drilling efficiency.

[0064] (6) By using a telescopic horizontal cylindrical drill with spaced cutters and rollers and a rotatable axle-filled cylindrical drill, it is possible to drill rectangular pile holes with horizontal cantilever and axle structures in rock strata. Attached Figure Description

[0065] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 2 This is a partial schematic diagram (a) of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of various cross-sections in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 4 This is a partial schematic diagram (II) of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 AA section view in the middle;

[0070] Figure 6 This is a front view of the vertical drilling device in this invention;

[0071] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 BB section view in the middle;

[0072] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 3 CC section view in the middle;

[0073] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 3 DD section view in the middle;

[0074] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 3 EE section view;

[0075] Figure 11 This is a side view of the horizontal drill assembly in this invention;

[0076] Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 11 FF section view;

[0077] Figure 13 For the present invention Figure 3 GG section view in the middle;

[0078] Figure 14 For the present invention Figure 3 HH section view in the middle;

[0079] Figure 15 This is a side view of the axle drill assembly in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 16 For the present invention Figure 15 Section II in the middle;

[0081] Figure 17 For the present invention Figure 3 JJ section view;

[0082] Figure 18 For the present invention Figure 3 KK section view in the middle;

[0083] Figure 19 For the present invention Figure 3 LL section view in the middle;

[0084] Figure 20 For the present invention Figure 3 MM section view in the middle;

[0085] Figure 21 This is a top view schematic diagram of the mechanical hole-forming method for rectangular piles with horizontal cantilever and axle-type drilling and excavation, which can be expanded asynchronously according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0086] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the mechanical hole-forming method for rectangular piles with horizontal cantilever and axle-type drilling and excavation, which can be expanded asynchronously, according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0087] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0088] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0089] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the cylindrical drill assembly in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0090] Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0091] like Figure 1-26 The markings in the diagram are as follows:

[0092] 1. Vertical drilling device; 2. Horizontal drilling assembly; 3. Axle drill assembly; 4. Mixing device; 5. Crushing device; 6. Slag suction system; 7. Pipe support frame; 8. Slag discharge system; 9. Grouting system; 10. Drilling rig;

[0093] 11. Cylindrical drill assembly, 12. U-shaped fork plate, 111. Column, 112. Auger assembly, 113. Roller assembly, 114. Motor, 115. Motor shaft, 116. Stirring blade assembly, 121. Wing plate, 122. Web plate, 123. Steel support, 124. Shaft hole, 125. Vertical slag suction branch pipe through hole, 126. Vertical grouting branch pipe through hole, 1121. Auger base, 1122. Auger, 1131. Roller base, 1132. Roller;

[0094] 21. Horizontal drilling device; 22. Horizontal hydraulic cylinder; 23. Horizontal drilling reaction frame; 211. Horizontal slag suction branch pipe through hole; 212. Horizontal grouting branch pipe through hole; 231. Horizontal hydraulic side guard plate; 232. Horizontal hydraulic upper side plate; 233. Horizontal hydraulic lower side plate; 234. Horizontal hydraulic reaction plate; 235. Slag suction main pipe through hole; 236. Grouting main pipe through hole;

[0095] 31. Axle drill device; 32. Rotary hydraulic cylinder; 33. Crank hydraulic cylinder; 34. Axle drill reaction frame; 311. U-shaped connector; 3111. Base plate; 3112. Upper swing plate; 3113. Coupling hole; 3114. Coupling; 3115. Crankshaft; 312. Axle drill wing plate; 313. Axle drill web plate; 314. Axle suction slag branch pipe through hole; 315. Axle grouting branch pipe through hole; 341. Axle hydraulic side guard plate; 342. Axle hydraulic upper side plate; 343. Axle hydraulic lower side plate; 344. Axle hydraulic reaction plate; 345. Lower swing plate; 346. Hinge seat;

[0096] 41. Mixing tank; 42. Double-layer large blades; 43. Main mixing shaft; 44. Double-layer small blades; 45. Auxiliary mixing shaft; 46. Single-layer small blades; 47. Main gear; 48. Main gear isolation pad; 49. Auxiliary gear; 410. Auxiliary gear isolation pad; 411. Steel cover plate; 412. Mixing motor; 413. Vertical drill rod;

[0097] 51. Crushing box; 52. Middle partition plate; 53. Connecting pipe; 54. Frame; 55. Fan motor; 56. Fan blades; 57. Crushing blades; 58. Screen.

[0098] 61. Main suction pipe, 62. Vertical suction branch pipe, 63. Horizontal suction branch pipe, 64. Armhole suction branch pipe, 65. Telescopic pipe, 66. Suction head, 67. Vertical suction valve, 68. Horizontal suction valve, 69. Armhole suction valve;

[0099] 71. Top steel plate, 72. Middle steel plate, 73. Bottom steel plate, 74. Side upright plate, 75. Square through hole, 76. Slag discharge pipe fixing hole, 77. Grouting pipe fixing hole;

[0100] 81. Slag discharge pipe; 82. Slag discharge pump;

[0101] 91. Grouting main pipe, 92. Grouting pump, 93. Vertical grouting branch pipe, 94. Horizontal grouting branch pipe, 95. Armatured grouting branch pipe, 96. Nozzle, 97. Vertical grouting valve, 98. Horizontal grouting valve, 99. Armatured grouting valve;

[0102] 101. Hoist motor; 102. Fixed shaft; 103. Cable; 104. Cable bracket; 105. Steel cantilever beam; 106. Slider; 107. Steel column; 108. Guide rail; 109. Hinge shaft; 1010. Tie rod; 1011. Vehicle platform; 1012. Rotary motor.

[0103] a. Rock and soil strata, b. Drilling rig, c. Free section pile hole, d. Haunched hole, e. Horizontal cantilever pile hole, f. Embedded section pile hole, g. Pile hole to be excavated. Detailed Implementation

[0104] The features and other related features of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so as to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art:

[0105] Example 1: As Figure 1-22 As shown, this embodiment specifically relates to a mechanical drilling method for rectangular piles with a horizontal cantilever and axle-type borehole that can be expanded asynchronously. This embodiment takes soil stratum a and a rectangular deep-hole anti-slide pile as an example for illustration, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0106] (S1) According to the size of the rectangular pile hole, multiple drilling rigs b are combined to form a rectangular structure corresponding to the size of the rectangular pile hole. The drilling rig 10 and drilling rig b are installed on the ground of the construction site. The drilling rig b is hoisted by the lower end of the cable 103 on the drilling rig 10. The drilling rig b includes, from top to bottom, a pipe fixing frame 7, a slag handling mechanism, a haunch drill assembly 3, a horizontal drill assembly 2, and a vertical drill device 1. The slag handling mechanism includes a mixing device 4, a crushing device 5, a slag suction system 6, a slag discharge system 8, and a grouting system 9.

[0107] like Figure 1 As shown, the drilling rig 10 includes a vehicle-mounted platform 1011, a steel column 107, a tie rod 1010, a hinge shaft 109, a guide rail 108, a slider 106, a steel cantilever beam 105, a cable support 104, a winch motor 101, a fixed shaft 102, and a cable 103. The vehicle-mounted platform 1011 has tracked wheels and is located on the ground. The steel column 107 is vertically mounted at the front end of the vehicle-mounted platform 1011. The tie rod 1010 provides diagonal bracing reinforcement to the steel column 107. Specifically, the upper end of the tie rod 1010 is hinged to the upper end of the steel column 107. The lower end is hinged to the hinge shaft 109 of the vehicle platform 1011; the guide rail 108 is fixed along the steel column 107 to form a vertical track, and the slider 106 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 108 and can slide vertically under the drive of the power mechanism; the steel cantilever beam 105 is fixed on the slider 106, the cable bracket 104 is fixed on the bottom surface of the steel cantilever beam 105, and the winch motor 101 is fixed on the steel cantilever beam 105 via the fixed shaft 102. The winch motor 101 is used to drive the cable 103 and the drilling rig suspended at its lower end to perform lifting and lowering movements. It should be noted that, due to the large self-weight of the drilling rig, the drilling rig can move downward under its own weight without the need for the drill rod to press down as before, and the cable 103 has sufficient length to meet the drilling requirements for rectangular deep holes.

[0108] like Figure 1-9As shown, the vertical drilling device 1 is used for drilling rectangular deep holes. It mainly includes several cylindrical drill assemblies 11 and a U-shaped fork plate 12 serving as a mounting frame. The U-shaped fork plate 12 mainly includes a web plate 122 and wing plates 121 located on both sides of the web plate 122. Based on the number of cylindrical drill assemblies 11, a steel support 123 is vertically welded to the middle position of the web plate 122. The cylindrical drill assembly 11 consists of two cylindrical drills, a motor 113, and a motor shaft 114. In this embodiment, there are four cylindrical drills arranged in a matrix to form a rectangular cutting surface. During the downward cutting process, a rectangular pile hole is formed. The matrix distribution here refers to the arrangement of cylindrical drills on both sides of the steel support 123. The cylindrical drill includes a cylinder 111, a plurality of hobbing cutter assemblies 113 spaced apart on the surface of the cylinder 111, and a plurality of reamer assemblies 112 spaced apart between adjacent hobbing cutter assemblies 113 on the surface of the cylinder 111. A centrally located steel support 123 is welded or bolted to the housing of a motor 114. The motor shaft 115 of the motor 114 drives the cylinders 111 on both sides to rotate, and the end of the motor shaft 115 is supported in the shaft holes 124 of the side flanges 121. Figure 6-9 As shown, the height of the roller cutter assembly 113 protruding from the cylinder 111 is higher than that of the auger assembly 112. Therefore, when cutting the rock, the roller cutter 1132 on the roller cutter assembly 113 contacts the rock first. That is, the roller cutter assembly 113 first crushes the rock surface into several large rock blocks, and then the auger assembly 112 further cuts the large rock blocks on the excavation surface into small-diameter rock blocks (or rock debris). The roller cutter assembly 113 includes a roller cutter base 1131 and a ring of roller cutters 1132 fixed on the roller cutter base 1131. The auger assembly 112 includes an auger base 1121 and an auger 1122. The auger 1122 is installed at an angle under the fixation of the auger base 1121 to facilitate the excavation of rock strata. For rock masses, if the roller cutter 1132 directly crushes the rock mass at the excavation face or the auger 1122 directly excavates it, the strength, hardness, and wear resistance of the roller cutter and auger materials need to meet high requirements. This not only increases the difficulty of developing the roller cutter and auger materials but also increases construction costs. By combining the roller cutter 1132 and the auger 1122, the roller cutter 1132 only crushes the rock mass at the excavation face, reducing its strength. This makes it easier for the auger 1122 to cut the rock mass, thus reducing the requirements for the strength, hardness, and wear resistance of the roller cutter and auger materials, and also reducing wear on the cutter and auger. Therefore, the method of first crushing the rock mass at the excavation face with the roller cutter 1132, followed by cutting the crushed low-strength rock mass with the auger 1122, not only improves work efficiency but also reduces tool wear and lowers construction costs.

[0109] In addition, multiple vertical slag suction branch pipe through holes 125 and vertical grouting branch pipe through holes 126 are provided on the web plate 122. The vertical slag suction branch pipe through holes 125 facilitate the extension of the suction head 66 of the vertical slag suction branch pipe 62 in the slag suction system 6 into the U-shaped fork plate 12 to suck up the excavated rock slag. The vertical grouting branch pipe through holes 126 facilitate the vertical grouting branch pipe 93 of the grouting system 9 to pass through and extend into the U-shaped fork plate 12 for supplementary grouting, so as to mix with the cut and crushed rock slag to form mud fluid for easy suction by the vertical slag suction branch pipe 62.

[0110] like Figure 1-4As shown in Figures 10-12, the horizontal drilling assembly 2 is used for excavating horizontal cantilever pile holes, and mainly includes a horizontal drilling reaction frame 23, a horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22, and a horizontal drilling device 21. The horizontal drilling reaction frame 23 has a side-opening box-shaped structure, including a horizontal hydraulic reaction plate 234, a horizontal hydraulic upper side plate 232 installed above the horizontal hydraulic reaction plate 234, a horizontal hydraulic lower side plate 233 installed below the horizontal hydraulic reaction plate 234, and horizontal hydraulic side guard plates 231 installed on both sides of the horizontal hydraulic reaction plate 234, to form the aforementioned open box-shaped structure. The number of horizontal hydraulic cylinders 22 should ensure that they can stably push or retract the horizontal drilling device 21. In this embodiment, the horizontal drilling device 21 is provided with two sets, upper and lower, to realize the drilling of horizontal cantilever rectangular pile holes. Based on this, the number of horizontal hydraulic cylinders 22 is also set to two sets, upper and lower. The rear end of the cylinder of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 is fixed on the horizontal hydraulic reaction plate 234. The front end of the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 is connected to the mounting frame of the horizontal drilling device 21 to drive it to move laterally horizontally in the open direction. Under the reaction force support provided by the horizontal drilling reaction frame 23, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 drives the horizontal drilling device 21 forward to cut and excavate the rock mass to form a horizontal cantilever pile hole. After the horizontal cantilever rectangular pile hole is excavated, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 drives the horizontal drilling device 21 to retract into the box-shaped space of the horizontal drilling reaction frame 23. It should be noted that the structure adopted by the horizontal drilling device 21 is the same as that adopted by the cylindrical drilling assembly 11, and it also uses a roller cutter assembly and a reamer assembly to adapt to rock formations. In addition, a slag suction main pipe through hole 235 is opened on the upper side plate 232 of the horizontal hydraulic system, and a horizontal slag suction branch pipe through hole 211 and a horizontal grouting branch pipe through hole 212 are opened on the mounting bracket partition of the horizontal drilling device 21. The slag suction main pipe 61 in the slag suction system 6 extends into the horizontal drilling reaction frame through the slag suction main pipe through hole 235. Within the box-shaped space of 23, the horizontal suction pipe 63 branching off from the main suction pipe 61 extends its suction head 66 into the horizontal drilling device 21 through the horizontal suction pipe through hole 211 to suck up the excavated mud (a mixture of rock debris and mud slurry); the horizontal grouting pipe 94 branching off from the main grouting pipe 91 extends to a location near the horizontal drilling device 21 through the horizontal grouting pipe through hole 212 to perform supplementary grouting, so as to mix with the cut and crushed rock debris to form mud slurry fluid, which is convenient for the horizontal suction pipe 63 to suck up.

[0111] like Figure 1-4As shown in Figures 13-16, the axle drill assembly 3 includes an axle drill device 31, a rotary hydraulic cylinder 32, a crank hydraulic cylinder 33, and an axle drill reaction frame 34; wherein: the axle drill reaction frame 34 includes an axle hydraulic reaction plate 344, axle hydraulic side guard plate 341 arranged on both sides of the axle hydraulic reaction plate 344, an axle hydraulic upper side plate 342 arranged on the top of the axle hydraulic reaction plate 344, and an axle hydraulic lower side plate 343 arranged at the bottom of the axle hydraulic reaction plate 344, so that the axle drill reaction frame 34 forms a box-shaped structure with a side opening. The axle drill assembly 31 is arranged within the box-shaped structure of the axle drill reaction frame 34 and located at its open portion. It includes axle drill wing plates 312, axle drill web plate 313, a U-shaped connector 311, and several axle drill assemblies. The axle drill wing plates 312 are arranged on both sides of the axle drill web plate 313 to form the mounting frame for each axle drill assembly. Each axle drill assembly is spaced apart on the vertical and top surfaces. The structure of the axle drill assemblies used here is the same as that used in the cylindrical drill assembly 11, and it also employs a cutter assembly and a reamer assembly to adapt to rock formations. The U-shaped connector 311 is located at the bottom of the axle drill web plate 313 and is used to hinge with the lower swing plate 345 on the axle hydraulic lower side plate 343. The U-shaped connector 311 includes a base plate 3111 and an upper swing plate 3112 welded to both sides of the base plate 3111. The base plate 3111 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the underarm drill web plate 313 and the bottom of the underarm drill wing plate 312. The upper swing plate 3112 is semi-circular and is hinged to the lower swing plate 345 via a connecting shaft 3114. The connecting shaft 3114 passes through the lower swing plate 345 and the connecting shaft hole 3113 on the upper swing plate 3112. One end of the rotating hydraulic cylinder 32 is hinged to the sag hydraulic reaction plate 344, and the other end is hinged to a hinge seat 346 on the back of the sag drill web 313, with the hinge seat 346 located in the middle or upper part of the sag drill web 313. Furthermore, one end of the crank hydraulic cylinder 33 is hinged to the sag hydraulic reaction plate 344, and the other end is hinged to the upper swing plate 3112 via a crankshaft 3115. It should be noted that the hinge seat on the sag hydraulic reaction plate 344 is hinged to the crank hydraulic cylinder 33. The crankshaft 3115 is located directly below the connecting shaft 3114 and the connecting shaft 3114 is at the same horizontal position. With the connecting shaft 3114 as the center of rotation, the rotating hydraulic cylinder 32 pushes the axle drill device 31 outward to rotate around the connecting shaft 3114. Simultaneously, the crank hydraulic cylinder 33 assists the axle drill device 31 in rotating around the connecting shaft 3114, achieving the purpose of the rotating hydraulic cylinder 32 and the crank hydraulic cylinder 33 jointly driving the axle drill device 31 to rotate outward and cut the rock strata to form a axle pile hole. The advantages of this method are: firstly, it increases the cutting force of the axle drill device 31 during the rotational cutting of the rock strata; secondly, it increases the stability of the axle drill device 31 during the rotational cutting of the rock strata.In addition, a first through hole is provided on the axle hydraulic reaction plate 344, and an axle suction pipe through hole 314 is provided on the axle drill web 313. The axle suction pipe 64 branches off from the suction main pipe 61 in the suction system 6 and extends through the first through hole on the axle hydraulic reaction plate 344 and the suction pipe through hole 314 on the axle drill web 313 so that its suction head 66 extends into the axle drill device 31 to suck up the excavated mud (a mixture of rock debris and mud). Furthermore, a second through hole is provided on the axle hydraulic reaction plate 344, and an axle grouting branch pipe through hole 315 is provided on the axle drill web 313. The nozzle 96 of the axle grouting branch pipe 95 in the grouting system 9 extends into the axle drill device 31 for supplementary grouting through the second through hole on the axle hydraulic reaction plate 344 and the axle grouting branch pipe through hole 315 on the axle drill web 313, so as to mix with the rock cutting and crushing to form mud fluid, which is convenient for the axle slag suction branch pipe 64 to suck up. In order to accommodate the rotation of the axle drill device 31, the axle slag suction branch pipe 64 and the axle grouting branch pipe 95 are in the form of telescopic pipes.

[0112] like Figure 1-20 As shown, the slag treatment mechanism includes a stirring device 4, a crushing device 5, a slag suction system 6, a slag discharge system 8, and a grouting system 9.

[0113] The mixing device 4 includes a mixing tank 41 and a mixing mechanism. The mixing tank 41 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the axle drill reaction frame 34. The mixing mechanism includes a main gear 47 and multiple auxiliary gears 49 meshing with it. The main gear 47 is driven to rotate by the mixing motor 412, which in turn drives the auxiliary gears 49 to rotate. A mixing main shaft 43 extending into the mixing tank 41 is coaxially arranged on the main gear 47. The mixing main shaft 43 is equipped with mixing blades, which are double-layered large blades 42. Each auxiliary gear 49 is coaxially arranged with a mixing auxiliary shaft 45 extending into the mixing tank 41. The mixing auxiliary shaft 45 is also equipped with mixing blades. Some of the mixing auxiliary shafts 45 have double-layered small blades 44, while others have single-layered small blades 46. By mixing the mud containing rock debris in the mixing tank 41, a uniformly mixed mud can be obtained, which is convenient for discharge. To prevent slurry from seeping into the gearbox containing the main gear 47 and auxiliary gear 49 during mixing, a main gear isolation pad 48 is provided at the connection point between the main mixing shaft 43 and the mixing box 41, and an auxiliary gear isolation pad 310 is provided at the connection point between the auxiliary mixing shaft 45 and the mixing box 41. Figure 4 As shown, a steel cover plate 411 is located on top of the gearbox containing the main gear 47 and the auxiliary gear 49, for connecting to the pipe fixing bracket 7. The mixing tank 41 is equipped with a slag suction port and a slag discharge port.

[0114] A slag suction system 6 is connected to the slag suction port of the mixing tank 41. The slag suction system 6 mainly includes a main slag suction pipe 61, a vertical slag suction branch pipe 62, a horizontal slag suction branch pipe 63, an axle-added slag suction branch pipe 64, and a crushing device 5. One end of the main slag suction pipe 61 is connected to the slag suction port of the mixing tank 41 via the crushing device 5. The other end of the main slag suction pipe 61 (i.e., the suction end) branches into the vertical slag suction branch pipe 62, the horizontal slag suction branch pipe 63, and the axle-added slag suction branch pipe 64. Figure 4 As shown, the vertical suction branch pipe 62 extends into the vertical drilling device 1, and the suction head 66 of the vertical suction branch pipe 62 is close to the cylindrical drill assembly 11 so that it can suck up the excavated mud (a mixture of rock cuttings and mud slurry). A vertical suction valve 67 is provided at the suction head 66 to control the pipeline opening and closing. The horizontal suction branch pipe 63 extends into the horizontal drilling assembly 2, and the suction head 66 of the horizontal suction branch pipe 63 is close to the horizontal drilling device 21 so that it can suck up the excavated mud (a mixture of rock cuttings and mud slurry). A horizontal suction valve 68 is provided at the suction head 66 to control the pipeline opening and closing. In order to accommodate the back and forth movement of the horizontal drilling device 21, part of the horizontal suction branch pipe 63 is in the form of a telescopic pipe 65. The axle suction pipe 64 extends into the axle drill assembly 3, and the suction head 66 of the axle suction pipe 64 is close to the axle drill device 31 so that it can suck up the mud (a mixture of rock debris and mud) excavated by cutting and shoveling. An axle suction valve 69 is provided at the suction head 66 to control the opening and closing of the pipeline. In order to adapt to the rotation of the axle drill device 31, the axle suction pipe 64 adopts the form of a telescopic pipe.

[0115] The pumped sludge is crushed into fine particles by the crushing device 5 and then enters the mixing tank 41. The crushing device 5 mainly includes a crushing tank 51, a partition plate 52, a connecting pipe 53, a frame 54, a blower motor 55, blower blades 56, crushing blades 57, and a filter screen 58. The partition plate 52 is inclined inside the crushing tank 51 to form a ramp that facilitates the flow of sludge. The blower motor 55 is mounted on the top plate inside the crushing tank 51 via the frame 54. The shaft of the blower motor 55 is equipped with... The fan blades 56 and the high-speed rotating fan motor 55 and fan blades 56 can create negative pressure suction in the slag suction main pipe 61. A crushing blade 57 is installed at the installation location of the fan motor 55 so that the sucked slag (a mixture of rock slag and mud) must be crushed by the crushing blade 57 before it can enter the mixing tank 41 through the connecting pipe 53. A screen 58 is provided at the end face of the fan motor 55 to filter large rock slag particles and prevent rock slag from flowing into the mixing tank 41 from the fan motor 55.

[0116] The grouting system 9 mainly includes a grouting main pipe 91, a grouting pump 92, a vertical grouting branch pipe 93, a horizontal grouting branch pipe 94, and a haunched grouting branch pipe 95. Since the rectangular anti-slide pile drilling rig in this embodiment is applied in rock strata, the cut material is rock debris. The granular pure solid is difficult to pump and transport. Therefore, the main function of the grouting system 9 is to pump the supplemented mud to the cutting area, so that the rock debris and mud can be mixed for easy pumping. The grouting pump 92 is responsible for the pumping operation. Grouting pipe 91 extends from the ground into the axle drilling grouting 3, the horizontal drilling assembly 2, and the vertical drilling device 1. Its lower end branches into axle grouting branch pipe 95, a horizontal grouting branch pipe 94, and a vertical grouting branch pipe 93, which extend into the axle drilling assembly 3, the horizontal drilling assembly 2, and the vertical drilling device 1 respectively for pumping grout. The injection end of the axle grouting branch pipe 95 is a nozzle 96, and an axle grouting valve 99 is installed at the nozzle 96. The horizontal grouting branch pipe 94... The injection end of 4 is a nozzle 96 and a horizontal grouting valve 98 is installed at the nozzle 96. The injection end of the vertical grouting branch pipe 93 is a nozzle 96 and a vertical grouting valve 97 is installed at the nozzle 96. During the drilling process, the opening and closing of the haunch grouting valve 99, the horizontal grouting valve 98, and the vertical grouting valve 97 are determined according to whether the rectangular anti-slide pile drilling rig is excavating a rectangular borehole downward, excavating a horizontal cantilever pile hole laterally, or excavating a haunch hole.

[0117] The slag discharge port of the mixing tank 41 is connected to the slag discharge system 8 on the ground. The slag discharge system 8 includes a slag discharge pipe 81 and a slag discharge pump 82. The lower end of the slag discharge pipe 81 is connected to the slag discharge port of the mixing tank 81 and extends downward to a certain depth to facilitate the pumping out more mud. The slag discharge pipe 81 pumps the well-mixed mud from the mixing tank 41 to the ground for collection and treatment through the slag discharge pump 82.

[0118] like Figure 1-14 As shown in Figure 20, the pipe fixing bracket 7 has a box-shaped structure, including a top steel plate 71, a middle steel plate 72, a bottom steel plate 73, and several side uprights 74 connecting the three. Furthermore, a square through hole 75 is provided on the bottom steel plate 73 of the pipe fixing bracket 7 for installing the mixing motor 412. Additionally, slag discharge pipe fixing holes 76 for the slag discharge pipe 81 and grouting pipe fixing holes 77 for the grouting main pipe 91 are also provided on the top steel plate 71, the middle steel plate 72, and the bottom steel plate 73. To prevent pipe swaying during drilling, the pipe fixing bracket 7 provides a fixing function for each passing pipe.

[0119] like Figure 21As shown in this embodiment, when drilling the pile hole g to be excavated on the soil stratum a, two or four drilling rigs b can be set on the rectangular anti-slide pile drilling rig. When two drilling rigs b are set, the free section pile hole c, the haunch hole d, and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e are drilled by the two drilling rigs (working simultaneously). When four drilling rigs b are set, the free section pile hole c is drilled by the four drilling rigs b (working simultaneously), and the haunch hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e are drilled by the two drilling rigs b (working simultaneously) set near the excavation part of the haunch hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e.

[0120] (S2) as Figure 22 As shown, before preparing to drill downwards, the horizontal drilling device 21 in the horizontal drilling assembly 2 on all drilling rigs b is placed at its minimum stroke and put on standby, and the axle drilling device 31 in the axle drilling reaction frame 3 (on all drilling rigs b) is placed in the axle drilling reaction frame 34 and is in a vertical state; then, the vertical drilling device 1 on all drilling rigs b is controlled to drill vertically downwards into the rock and soil layer a until the design depth of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e, so as to form the free section pile hole c of the rectangular pile hole;

[0121] During this downward drilling process, the nozzles 96 on the vertical grouting branch pipes 93 are continuously opened through the vertical grouting valves 97 (on all drilling rigs b) to continuously inject mud into the rock surface at the drilling location of the vertical drilling device 1, and the nozzles 96 on the horizontal grouting branch pipes 94 are closed through the horizontal grouting valves 98 (on all drilling rigs b), and the nozzles 96 on the haunch grouting branch pipes 95 are closed through the haunch grouting valves 99 (on all drilling rigs b).

[0122] At the same time, the suction heads 66 of the horizontal slag suction branch pipes 63 and the slag suction branch pipes 64 (on all drilling rigs b) are closed, and the suction heads 66 of the vertical slag suction branch pipes 62 (on all drilling rigs b) are opened to continuously suction slag, so as to draw the mixture of rock fragments and mud crushed by the vertical drilling device 1 into the crushing device 5. The crushing device 5 crushes the sucked rock fragments and mud mixture a second time and sends it into the mixing tank 41 for mixing. The slag discharge system 8 pumps the rock fragments and mud mixture in the mixing tank 41 to the ground for collection and treatment in real time.

[0123] (S3) as Figure 22 As shown, the vertical drilling device 1 (on all drilling rigs b) is stopped and held at that depth. The axle drilling assembly 3 on the drilling rig b, which is located near the axle hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e, is activated. Driven by the rotating hydraulic cylinder 32 and the crank hydraulic cylinder 33, the axle drilling device 31 gradually rotates outward around the connecting shaft 3114 and simultaneously performs rolling cutting of the rock and soil layer a. The axle drilling device 31 rotates from the vertical state to the horizontal state, accumulating a rotation of 90 degrees to form the axle hole d.

[0124] During this process, the nozzle 96 on the grouting branch pipe 95 is continuously opened by the grouting valve 99 (located on the drilling rig b near the excavation section of the grouting hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e) to continuously inject mud into the rock surface at the drilling site of the grouting drilling device 31, and the nozzle 96 on the horizontal grouting branch pipe 94 is closed by the horizontal grouting valve 98 (on all drilling rigs b), and the nozzle 96 on the vertical grouting branch pipe 93 is closed by the vertical grouting valve 97 (on all drilling rigs b);

[0125] At the same time, the suction heads 66 of the horizontal suction pipes 63 and vertical suction pipes 62 (on all drilling rigs b) are closed, and the suction heads 66 of the haunch suction pipes 64 (on drilling rigs b near the excavation sections of the haunch hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e) are opened to continuously suction the rock and mud mixture broken by the haunch drilling device 31 into the crushing device 5. The crushing device 5 then crushes the sucked rock and mud mixture a second time and sends it into the mixing tank 41 for mixing. The slag discharge system 8 pumps the rock and mud mixture from the mixing tank 41 to the ground for collection and treatment in real time.

[0126] (S4) as Figure 22 As shown, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 (located on the drilling rig b near the excavation section of the haunch hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e) drives the horizontal drilling device 21 to move horizontally outward to drill to the designed length in order to form the horizontal cantilever pile hole e.

[0127] During this horizontal drilling process, the nozzles 96 on the horizontal grouting branch pipe 94 are continuously opened by the horizontal grouting valve 98 (located on the drilling rig b near the excavation section of the haunch hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e) to continuously inject mud into the rock surface at the drilling site of the horizontal drilling device 21, and the nozzles 96 on the haunch grouting branch pipe 95 are closed by the haunch grouting valve 99 (on all drilling rigs b), and the nozzles 96 on the vertical grouting branch pipe 93 are closed by the vertical grouting valve 97 (on all drilling rigs b);

[0128] At the same time, the suction heads 66 of the haunch suction pipe 64 and the vertical suction pipe 62 (on all drilling rigs b) are closed, and the suction head 66 of the horizontal suction pipe 63 (on drilling rig b near the excavation section of the haunch hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e) is turned on to continuously suction the slag, so as to draw the mixture of rock fragments and mud crushed by the horizontal drilling device 21 into the crushing device 5. The crushing device 5 crushes the sucked rock fragments and mud mixture a second time and sends it into the mixing tank 41 for mixing. The slag discharge system 8 pumps the rock fragments and mud mixture in the mixing tank 41 to the ground for collection and treatment in real time.

[0129] (S5) as Figure 22As shown, after the construction of the haunch hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e is completed, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 (on the drilling rig b located near the excavation section of the haunch hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e) drives the horizontal drilling device 21 to retract inward to its minimum stroke, and the rotating hydraulic cylinder 32 and the crank hydraulic cylinder 33 drive the haunch drilling device 31 to rotate back to the vertical state; then, the vertical drilling device 1 (on all drilling rigs b) continues to drill to the design depth to form the embedded section pile hole f. During this process, mud is continuously injected through the nozzle 96 of the vertical grouting branch pipe 93 (on all drilling rigs b), and the nozzles 96 on the haunch grouting branch pipe 95 and the horizontal grouting branch pipe 94 (on all drilling rigs b) are closed; at the same time, the suction head 66 of the vertical slag suction branch pipe 62 (on all drilling rigs b) continuously suctions slag, while the suction heads 66 of the horizontal slag suction branch pipe 63 and the haunch slag suction branch pipe 64 (on all drilling rigs b) are closed.

[0130] In this embodiment, the axle hole d and the horizontal cantilever pile hole e are drilled simultaneously by the axle drill assembly 3 and the horizontal drill assembly 2, or the axle drill assembly 3 is first used to drill outward to form the axle hole d, and then the horizontal drill assembly 2 drives the horizontal drill device 21 to extend laterally horizontally through the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole e, or the horizontal drill assembly 2 drives the horizontal drill device 21 to extend laterally horizontally through the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole e, and then the axle drill assembly 3 is used to drill outward to form the axle hole d.

[0131] The beneficial effects of this embodiment are:

[0132] (1) According to the different sizes of rectangular pile holes, set up a corresponding number of drilling machines on the rectangular anti-slide pile drilling machine to form a rectangular structure for drilling rectangular pile holes;

[0133] (2) By using cables and retractable horizontal cylindrical drills with spaced cutters and rollers, and rotatable haunched cylindrical drills, rectangular pile holes with horizontal cantilever and haunched structures can be drilled in deep rock bodies.

[0134] (3) The pile holes with haunches, horizontal cantilever and vertical pile body can be formed in one time without other mechanical assistance, so as to improve construction efficiency and save construction and equipment costs;

[0135] (4) The rock is crushed twice by the crushing box, which can better discharge it from the pile hole and prevent the slag discharge pipe from being blocked;

[0136] (5) It has both drilling and slag removal functions, and the drilling rig has a high degree of integration, which realizes the uninterrupted synchronous operation of drilling and slag removal, reduces construction procedures, saves construction costs, and improves drilling efficiency.

[0137] Example 2: This example specifically relates to a mechanical drilling method for rectangular piles with a horizontal cantilever and axle-type borehole that can be expanded asynchronously. The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the construction of rectangular shallow-hole anti-slide piles is required in soil stratum a. Figure 23 As shown, the drilling rig 10 is connected to the drilling machine via a vertical drill rod 413.

[0138] The drilling rig 10 includes a vehicle-mounted platform 1011, a steel column 107, a tie rod 1010, a hinge shaft 1099, a guide rail 108, a slider 106, a steel cantilever beam 105, and a rotary motor 1012. The vehicle-mounted platform 1011 has tracked wheels and is located on the ground. The steel column 107 is vertically mounted at the front end of the vehicle-mounted platform 1011. The tie rod 1010 provides diagonal bracing reinforcement to the steel column 107. Specifically, the upper end of the tie rod 1010 is hinged to the upper end of the steel column 107, and the lower end is hinged to the hinge shaft 109. The guide rail 108 is fixedly attached to the steel column 107 to form a vertical track. The slider 106 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 108 and can slide vertically under the drive of the power mechanism. The steel cantilever beam 105 is fixed on the slider 106, and the rotary motor 1012 is mounted on the steel cantilever beam 105. The vertically arranged vertical drill rod 413 is driven to rotate by the rotary motor 1012 and can move vertically with the slider 96. That is, the vertical drill rod 413 can drill downward under the drive of the slider 106.

[0139] It should also be noted that when the drilling rig 10 is connected to the drilling machine using a vertical drill rod 413, the main gear 47 in the mixing mechanism no longer needs to be driven by a separate mixing motor 412. The lower end of the vertical drill rod 413 can be directly connected to the main gear 47 and driven to rotate.

[0140] The remaining hole-forming construction methods and steps in this embodiment are exactly the same as in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0141] Example 3: This example specifically relates to a mechanical drilling method for rectangular piles with a horizontal cantilever and axle-type drilling system that can be expanded. Unlike Example 1, this example requires the construction of rectangular deep-hole anti-slide piles in soil strata. Therefore, improvements were made to the grouting system 9 and the cylindrical drill assembly 11, as detailed below:

[0142] like Figure 24 As shown, the grouting system 9, which originally led to the vertical drilling device 1, the horizontal drilling assembly 2, and the axle drill assembly 3 in Example 1, is adjusted to lead to the mixing tank 41. The mud and slag excavated can be sucked into the mixing tank 41 by the slag suction system 6 for mixing without the need for additional grouting. The grouting system 9 can further adjust the mud and slag concentration by grouting into the mixing tank 41, so as to facilitate the discharge system 8 to discharge the mud and slurry mixture in the mixing tank 41.

[0143] like Figure 25 As shown, the soil stratum drilled in this example has low strength. Therefore, the cylindrical drill assembly 111 has several evenly distributed cutting tool assemblies 116 on its cylindrical surface. Each cutting tool assembly 116 includes a cutting tool base and a cutting tool. The cutting tool is installed at an angle with the base fixed to facilitate soil mixing. Similarly, the structure of the haunched cylindrical drill assembly in the haunched drill assembly 3 is the same as that of the cylindrical drill assembly 11, and the structure of the horizontal drill device 21 in the horizontal drill assembly 2 is the same as that of the cylindrical drill assembly 11.

[0144] The remaining hole-forming construction methods and steps in this embodiment are exactly the same as in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0145] Example 4: This example specifically relates to a mechanical drilling method for rectangular piles with a horizontal cantilever and axle-type drilling system that can be expanded. Unlike Example 1, this example requires the construction of rectangular shallow-hole anti-slide piles in soil strata. Therefore, improvements were made to the grouting system 9 and the cylindrical drill assembly 11, as well as to the connection method between the drilling rig 10 and the drilling machine, as detailed below:

[0146] like Figure 26 As shown, the grouting system 9, which originally led to the vertical drilling device 1, the horizontal drilling assembly 2, and the axle drill assembly 3 in Example 1, is adjusted to lead to the mixing tank 41. The mud and slag excavated can be sucked into the mixing tank 41 by the slag suction system 6 for mixing without the need for additional grouting. The grouting system 9 can further adjust the mud and slag concentration by grouting into the mixing tank 41, so as to facilitate the discharge system 8 to discharge the mud and slurry mixture in the mixing tank 41.

[0147] like Figure 25 As shown, the soil stratum drilled in this example has low strength. Therefore, the cylindrical drill assembly 111 has several evenly distributed cutting tool assemblies 116 on its cylindrical surface. Each cutting tool assembly 116 includes a cutting tool base and a cutting tool. The cutting tool is installed at an angle with the base fixed to facilitate soil mixing. Similarly, the structure of the haunched cylindrical drill assembly in the haunched drill assembly 3 is the same as that of the cylindrical drill assembly 11, and the structure of the horizontal drill device 21 in the horizontal drill assembly 2 is the same as that of the cylindrical drill assembly 11.

[0148] like Figure 26As shown, the drilling rig 10 includes a vehicle-mounted platform 1011, a steel column 107, a tie rod 1010, a hinge shaft 1099, a guide rail 108, a slider 106, a steel cantilever beam 105, and a rotary motor 1012. The vehicle-mounted platform 1011 has tracked wheels and is located on the ground. The steel column 107 is vertically mounted on the front end of the vehicle-mounted platform 1011. The tie rod 1010 provides diagonal bracing reinforcement to the steel column 107. Specifically, the upper end of the tie rod 1010 is hinged to the upper end of the steel column 107, and the lower end is connected to the hinge shaft 1099. The system is hinged; the guide rail 108 is fixedly attached to the steel column 107 to form a vertical track. The slider 106 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 108 and can slide vertically under the drive of the power mechanism. The steel cantilever beam 105 is fixed on the slider 106, and the rotary motor 1012 is mounted on the steel cantilever beam 105. The vertically arranged vertical drill rod 413 is driven to rotate by the rotary motor 1012 and can move vertically with the slider 96, that is, the vertical drill rod 413 can drill downwards under the drive of the slider 106. It should be noted that when the drilling rig 10 is connected to the drilling machine using the vertical drill rod 413, the main gear 47 in the stirring mechanism no longer needs to be driven by a separate stirring motor 412. The lower end of the vertical drill rod 413 can be directly connected to the main gear 47 and driven to rotate.

[0149] The remaining hole-forming construction methods and steps in this embodiment are exactly the same as in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0150] Although the above embodiments have described the concept and embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will recognize that various improvements and modifications can still be made to the present invention without departing from the scope of the claims, and therefore will not be elaborated here.

Claims

1. A mechanical drilling method for rectangular piles with a horizontal cantilever and axle-type borehole that can be expanded asynchronously, characterized in that... The mechanical hole-forming method includes the following steps: S1: Based on the dimensions of the rectangular pile hole, multiple drilling rigs are combined to form a rectangular structure corresponding to the dimensions of the rectangular pile hole; a slag handling mechanism, a haunch drill assembly, a horizontal drill assembly, and a vertical drill device are sequentially installed on each drilling rig from top to bottom; wherein: The axle drill assembly includes an axle drill device, a rotary hydraulic cylinder, a crank hydraulic cylinder, and an axle drill reaction frame. The axle drill reaction frame has a box-shaped structure with a side opening. The upper swing plate at the lower end of the axle drill device is rotatably connected to the lower swing plate on the bottom surface of the axle drill reaction frame via a connecting shaft. The rotary hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the middle or upper part of the axle drill device. The crank hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the upper swing plate via a crank shaft, and the crank shaft is located directly below the connecting shaft. The axle-adding drilling device rotates outward under the drive of a rotary hydraulic cylinder and a crank hydraulic cylinder to form a horizontal cantilever axle-adding section; The horizontal drilling assembly includes a horizontal drilling device and a horizontal hydraulic cylinder that drives the horizontal drilling device to move laterally. The vertical drilling device includes several horizontally arranged cylindrical drill assemblies that form a rectangular excavation face. S2: Position the axle drill devices on all the drilling rigs within the box-shaped space of the axle drill reaction frame, and put the horizontal drill devices in the horizontal drill assemblies on all the drilling rigs into a standby state with minimum stroke, controlling the vertical drill devices on all the drilling rigs to drill vertically downwards into the strata until the design depth of the horizontal cantilever, so as to form the free section of the rectangular pile hole; S3: Stop drilling on all the vertical drilling devices on the drilling rigs, and open the haunch drilling assembly on the drilling rig located near the haunch hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation section. Driven by the rotary hydraulic cylinder and the crank hydraulic cylinder, the haunch drilling device gradually rotates outward around the connecting shaft as the rotation center and drills the stratum at the same time until the haunch drilling device rotates from the vertical state to the horizontal state to form the haunch hole. S4: Control the horizontal hydraulic cylinder on the drilling rig located near the axle hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation section to drive the horizontal drilling device to move horizontally outward to drill the strata to the designed length, so as to form the horizontal cantilever pile hole; S5: Retract the horizontal drilling device on the drilling rig located near the axle hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation section to the minimum stroke and stop working, and rotate the axle drilling device back to the vertical state; continue to control the vertical drilling devices on all the drilling rigs to drill vertically downwards to the design depth of the rectangular pile hole to form the embedded section of the rectangular pile hole.

2. The mechanical hole-forming method for rectangular piles with a horizontal cantilever and axle-added, asynchronous drilling system according to claim 1, characterized in that... In step S1, the connection method between the drilling rig and the drilling vehicle located on the ground is selected according to the design depth of the rectangular pile hole. The connection method is either a vertical drill rod connection or a cable connection. If the design depth of the rectangular pile hole is within the length range of the vertical drill rod, then the vertical drill rod is installed on the drilling rig, and the lower end of the vertical drill rod is connected to the drilling machine; If the designed depth of the rectangular pile hole exceeds the length of the vertical drill rod, then the cable is installed on the drilling rig and the lower end of the cable is used to hoist the drilling machine.

3. The mechanical hole-forming method for rectangular piles with a horizontal cantilever and axle-added, asynchronous drilling system according to claim 2, characterized in that... The drilling rig includes a vehicle-mounted platform, a steel column, a tie rod, a hinge shaft, a guide rail, a slider, and a steel cantilever beam. The steel column is vertically mounted on the vehicle-mounted platform. The upper end of the tie rod is hinged to the upper end of the steel column, and the lower end is hinged to the hinge shaft fixed on the vehicle-mounted platform. The guide rail is vertically mounted and fixed along the steel column. The slider is slidably mounted on the guide rail, and the steel cantilever beam is fixed on the slider. When the drilling rig and the drilling machine are connected by the vertical drill rod, a rotary motor is installed on the steel suspension beam and drives the vertical drill rod to rotate. When the drilling rig and the drilling vehicle are connected by the cable, a set of winch motors are fixedly installed on the steel suspension beam to drive the cable to suspend the drilling rig in the vertical direction, and a cable support is fixedly installed below the steel suspension beam.

4. The mechanical hole-forming method for rectangular piles with a horizontal cantilever and axle-added, asynchronous drilling system according to claim 2, characterized in that... In step S1, the stratum drilled by the drilling rig is a soil stratum; The slag treatment mechanism includes a mixing device, a crushing device, a slag suction system, a slag discharge system, and a grouting system; The mixing device includes a mixing tank and a mixing mechanism; the mixing tank is provided with a slag suction port, a slag discharge port, and a slurry inlet; the mixing mechanism includes a main gear and several auxiliary gears meshing with the main gear, the main gear being driven by the lower end of the vertical drill rod or by a mixing motor, a main mixing shaft extending into the mixing tank is coaxially mounted on the main gear, and mixing blades are mounted on the main mixing shaft; an auxiliary mixing shaft extending into the mixing tank is coaxially mounted on the auxiliary gear, and mixing blades are mounted on the auxiliary mixing shaft. The slag suction system includes a main slag suction pipe and vertical slag suction branch pipes, horizontal slag suction branch pipes, and axle-added slag suction branch pipes branching from the suction port of the main slag suction pipe; the slag suction port of the mixing tank is connected to the main slag suction pipe, and the crushing device is provided between the main slag suction pipe and the suction port; the crushing device includes a blower for suction and a crushing blade for crushing sludge; the suction head of the vertical slag suction branch pipe is connected to the vertical drilling device, the suction head of the horizontal slag suction branch pipe is connected to the horizontal drilling assembly, and the suction head of the axle-added slag suction branch pipe is connected to the axle-added drilling assembly; each suction head is equipped with a slag suction valve; the pipe bodies of the horizontal slag suction branch pipes and the axle-added slag suction branch pipes are both telescopic pipes; The grouting system includes a grouting main pipe and a grouting pump installed on the grouting main pipe. One port of the grouting main pipe is connected to the grout inlet on the mixing tank to pump the mud into the mixing tank. The slag discharge system includes a slag discharge pipe and a slag discharge pump installed on the slag discharge pipe. One end of the slag discharge pipe is connected to the slag discharge port on the mixing tank to pump the mud and slag in the mixing tank to the ground for collection.

5. The mechanical hole-forming method for rectangular piles with a horizontal cantilever and axle-added, asynchronous drilling system according to claim 4, characterized in that... The vertical drilling device includes a U-shaped fork plate and several cylindrical drill assemblies mounted on the U-shaped fork plate, the cylindrical drill assemblies being arranged in a matrix; the U-shaped fork plate consists of a web plate, wing plates disposed on both sides of the web plate, and a steel support vertically welded to the web plate; each cylindrical drill assembly includes two cylinders, several swivel blade assemblies evenly distributed on the surface of the cylinders, and a motor driving the cylinders to rotate; each swivel blade assembly consists of a swivel blade base and swivel blades inclinedly fixed on the swivel blade base; the motor shaft passes through the cylinders and is correspondingly disposed in the shaft holes of the wing plates on both sides of the U-shaped fork plate; the steel support is welded to the motor housing; The horizontal drilling assembly also includes a horizontal drilling reaction frame, which has a box-shaped structure with a side opening. The upper surface of the horizontal drilling reaction frame is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the haunch drilling reaction frame, and the lower surface is fixedly connected to the U-shaped fork plate of the vertical drilling device. The cylinder end face of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the inner wall of the horizontal drilling reaction frame, and the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder drives the horizontal drilling device to move laterally horizontally. The axle drill reaction frame includes an axle hydraulic reaction plate, an upper axle hydraulic side plate disposed at the upper end of the axle hydraulic reaction plate, a lower axle hydraulic side plate disposed at the lower end of the axle hydraulic reaction plate, and axle hydraulic side guard plates disposed on both sides of the axle hydraulic reaction plate; the rear end of the cylinder of the rotating hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the axle hydraulic reaction plate via a hinge seat; the rear end of the cylinder of the crank hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the axle hydraulic reaction plate via a hinge seat; the upper swing plate is semi-circular; the axle drill device includes an axle drill web, axle drill wing plates located on both sides of the axle drill web, and a plurality of axle cylindrical drill assemblies, each of the axle cylindrical drill assemblies being arranged at intervals along the vertical plane and the top surface.

6. The mechanical hole-forming method for rectangular piles with a horizontal cantilever and axle-added, asynchronous drilling system according to claim 5, characterized in that... In steps S2 and S5, during the process of vertical drilling of soil strata by all the vertical drilling devices on the drilling rigs, the suction valves at the suction heads of the haunch suction pipe and the horizontal suction pipe are closed, and the suction valve at the suction head of the vertical suction pipe is opened to suck the crushed mud from the vertical drilling device into the crushing device. The crushing device further crushes the sucked mud and sends it into the mixing tank for mixing. Meanwhile, the grouting system pumps slurry into the mixing tank in real time to mix with the mud. The slag discharge system pumps the mud and slurry mixture from the mixing tank to the ground for collection and treatment in real time. In step S3, during the process of the axle drilling device on the drilling rig located near the axle hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation section rotating outward to drill the rock and soil to form the axle hole, the slag suction valves at the suction heads of the horizontal slag suction branch pipe and the vertical slag suction branch pipe are closed, and the slag suction valve at the suction head of the axle suction branch pipe is opened to suck the crushed mud slag from the axle drilling device into the crushing device. The crushing device further crushes the sucked mud slag and sends it into the mixing tank for mixing. Meanwhile, the grouting system pumps slurry into the mixing tank in real time to mix with the mud slag. The slag discharge system pumps the mud slag and slurry mixture from the mixing tank to the ground for collection and treatment in real time. In step S4, during the process of the horizontal drilling device being driven by the horizontal hydraulic cylinder on the drilling rig located near the axle hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation section to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole, the slag suction valves at the suction heads of the axle suction branch pipe and the vertical slag suction branch pipe are closed, and the slag suction valves at the suction heads of the horizontal slag suction branch pipe are opened to suck the crushed mud from the horizontal drilling device into the crushing device. The crushing device further crushes the sucked mud and sends it into the mixing tank for mixing, and the grouting system pumps mud into the mixing tank in real time to mix with the mud and slag. The slag discharge system pumps the mud and slag mixture from the mixing tank to the ground for collection and treatment in real time.

7. The mechanical hole-forming method for rectangular piles with a horizontal cantilever and axle-added, asynchronous drilling system according to claim 2, characterized in that... In step S1, the strata drilled by the drilling rig are rock strata; The slag treatment mechanism includes a mixing device, a crushing device, a slag suction system, a slag discharge system, and a grouting system; The mixing device includes a mixing tank and a mixing mechanism disposed on the mixing tank; a slag suction port disposed on the mixing tank is connected to the slag suction system, and a slag discharge port disposed on the mixing tank is connected to the slag discharge system; the grouting system is connected to the axle drill assembly, the horizontal drill assembly, and the vertical drill device; the mixing mechanism includes a main gear and several auxiliary gears meshing with the main gear; the main gear is driven to rotate by a mixing motor or by the lower end of the vertical drill rod; a mixing main rotating shaft extending into the mixing tank is coaxially disposed on the main gear, and mixing blades are disposed on the mixing main rotating shaft; a mixing auxiliary rotating shaft extending into the mixing tank is coaxially disposed on the auxiliary gear, and mixing blades are disposed on the mixing auxiliary rotating shaft; The slag suction system includes a main slag suction pipe. A crushing device is provided between the main slag suction pipe and the slag suction port of the mixing tank. The crushing device includes a blower for suction and a crushing blade for crushing sludge. The suction port of the main slag suction pipe branches into an axle suction branch pipe, a vertical suction branch pipe, and a horizontal suction branch pipe. The suction head of the vertical suction branch pipe is connected to the vertical drilling device. The suction head of the horizontal suction branch pipe is connected to the horizontal drilling assembly. The suction head of the axle suction branch pipe is connected to the axle drilling assembly. Each suction head is equipped with a slag suction valve. The pipe bodies of the axle suction branch pipe and the horizontal suction branch pipe are telescopic pipes. The slag discharge system includes a slag discharge pipe and a slag discharge pump installed on the slag discharge pipe. The lower end of the slag discharge pipe is connected to the slag discharge port on the mixing tank. The grouting system includes a main grouting pipe and a grouting pump mounted on the main grouting pipe. The lower end of the main grouting pipe branches into a vertical grouting branch pipe, a horizontal grouting branch pipe, and a haunch grouting branch pipe. The nozzle of the vertical grouting branch pipe extends into the vertical drilling device near the cylindrical drill assembly. The nozzle of the horizontal grouting branch pipe extends into the horizontal drilling assembly near the horizontal drilling device. The nozzle of the haunch grouting branch pipe extends into the haunch drill assembly near the haunch drill assembly. Each nozzle is equipped with a grouting valve. The portion of the horizontal grouting branch pipe located within the horizontal drilling assembly is a telescopic tube to move back and forth with the horizontal drilling device. The portion of the haunch grouting branch pipe located within the haunch drill reaction frame is a telescopic tube to extend and retract with the rotation of the haunch drill device.

8. The mechanical hole-forming method for rectangular piles with a horizontal cantilever and axle-added, asynchronous drilling system according to claim 7, characterized in that... The vertical drilling device includes a U-shaped fork plate and several cylindrical drill assemblies mounted on the U-shaped fork plate. The U-shaped fork plate consists of a web plate, wing plates disposed on both sides of the web plate, and a steel support vertically welded to the web plate. Each cylindrical drill assembly includes two cylindrical drills and a motor that drives the two cylindrical drills to rotate. Each cylindrical drill includes a cylinder and several hobbing cutter assemblies spaced apart on the surface of the cylinder, as well as several reamer assemblies arranged between adjacent hobbing cutter assemblies. Each hobbing cutter assembly includes a hobbing cutter base and a ring of hobbing cutters fixed on the hobbing cutter base. Each reamer assembly includes a reamer base and reamers that are inclinedly fixed on the reamer base. The housing of the motor is fixed to the steel support, and the motor drives the two cylinders on both sides to rotate. The horizontal drilling assembly also includes a horizontal drilling reaction frame, which has a box-shaped structure with a side opening. The upper surface of the horizontal drilling reaction frame is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the haunch drilling reaction frame, and the lower surface is fixedly connected to the U-shaped fork plate of the vertical drilling device. The cylinder end face of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the inner wall of the horizontal drilling reaction frame, and the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder drives the horizontal drilling device to move laterally horizontally. The axle drill reaction frame includes an axle hydraulic reaction plate, an upper axle hydraulic side plate disposed at the upper end of the axle hydraulic reaction plate, a lower axle hydraulic side plate disposed at the lower end of the axle hydraulic reaction plate, and axle hydraulic side guard plates disposed on both sides of the axle hydraulic reaction plate; the rear end of the cylinder of the rotating hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the axle hydraulic reaction plate via a hinge seat; the rear end of the cylinder of the crank hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the axle hydraulic reaction plate via a hinge seat; the upper swing plate is semi-circular; the axle drill device includes an axle drill web, axle drill wing plates located on both sides of the axle drill web, and a plurality of axle cylindrical drill assemblies, each of the axle cylindrical drill assemblies being arranged at intervals along the vertical plane and the top surface.

9. A mechanical hole-forming method for rectangular piles with a horizontal cantilever and axle-added, asynchronous drilling system as described in claim 8, characterized in that... In steps S2 and S5, during the vertical drilling process of all the vertical drilling devices on the drilling rigs, the grouting valves at the horizontal grouting branch nozzles and the slag suction valves at the horizontal slag suction branch nozzles are closed, as are the grouting valves at the haunch grouting branch nozzles and the slag suction valves at the haunch suction branch nozzles. Simultaneously, the grouting valves at the vertical grouting branch nozzles are opened to continuously inject mud into the rock surface at the drilling site of the vertical drilling device. At the same time, the slag suction valves at the vertical slag suction branch nozzles are opened to draw the mixture of crushed rock and mud from the vertical drilling device into the crushing device. The crushing device further crushes the drawn-in rock and mud mixture and then sends it to the mixing tank for mixing. The slag discharge system continuously pumps the rock and mud mixture from the mixing tank to the ground for collection and treatment. In step S3, during the process of the axle drilling device on the drilling rig located near the axle hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation section rotating outward to drill the rock strata to form the axle hole, the grouting valve at the horizontal grouting branch nozzle and the slag suction valve at the horizontal slag suction branch nozzle are closed, as are the grouting valve at the vertical grouting branch nozzle and the slag suction valve at the vertical slag suction branch nozzle. Meanwhile, the grouting valve at the axle grouting branch nozzle is opened to continuously inject mud into the rock surface at the axle drilling device's drilling location. Simultaneously, the slag suction valve at the axle suction branch nozzle is opened to suck the mixture of crushed rock and mud from the axle drilling device into the crushing device. The crushing device further crushes the sucked rock and mud mixture and then sends it to the mixing tank for mixing. The slag discharge system continuously pumps the rock and mud mixture from the mixing tank to the ground for collection and treatment. In step S4, during the process of the horizontal drilling device moving outward horizontally to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole, driven by the horizontal hydraulic cylinder on the drilling rig located near the haunch hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation section, the grouting valve at the vertical grouting branch nozzle and the slag suction valve at the vertical slag suction branch nozzle are closed, as are the grouting valve at the haunch grouting branch nozzle and the slag suction valve at the haunch slag suction branch nozzle. Meanwhile, the grouting valve at the horizontal grouting branch nozzle is opened to continuously inject mud into the rock surface at the drilling site of the horizontal drilling device. Simultaneously, the slag suction valve at the horizontal slag suction branch nozzle is opened to draw the mixture of crushed rock and mud from the horizontal drilling device into the crushing device. The crushing device further crushes the drawn-in rock and mud mixture and then sends it to the mixing tank for mixing. The slag discharge system continuously pumps the mixture of rock and mud from the mixing tank to the ground for collection and treatment.

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