Prefabricated combined staircase and construction method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a prefabricated combination staircase and its construction method, relating to the technical field of prefabricated staircase construction. The prefabricated combination staircase is erected between two adjacent, mutually offset staircase landings and includes a reinforcement plate disposed between the two adjacent staircase landings and prefabricated treads that are detachably mounted on the reinforcement plate. The prefabricated treads are provided with grouting holes and a reinforcement steel plate. One side of the reinforcement steel plate penetrates the bottom of the prefabricated tread and forms a hook portion at the bottom of the prefabricated tread. The reinforcement plate is provided with an alignment hole for the hook portion to pass through. The upper surface of the reinforcement plate is provided with a support column that extends through the grouting hole. The present invention is used for the rapid assembly of prefabricated treads.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of prefabricated staircase construction, in particular to a prefabricated combined staircase and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, the stairs of buildings are all formed by the on-site casting method, that is, the template is pre-set at the stair construction site. The template is spliced ​​with a bottom template, side template, baffle and connecting parts, and then concrete is poured into the template to form a staircase with a certain shape. This construction method has a long construction cycle and high construction cost, so prefabricated steps are used to install the stairs in an assembled manner.

[0003] Prefabricated stairs used in prefabricated buildings require the assistance of formwork for installation. In addition, since prefabricated stairs are mostly "solid" components and are heavy, additional fixing measures are usually required to ensure their stability, such as using glue, bolts, etc. to firmly connect the steps to the formwork. These additional fixing measures require additional operating steps and time, making it difficult to quickly install prefabricated steps. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a prefabricated composite staircase and a construction method thereof, which are used for quickly assembling prefabricated steps.

[0005] This application provides a prefabricated combined staircase and a construction method thereof, which adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A prefabricated combined staircase is erected between two adjacent and mutually offset staircase platforms, comprising a reinforcement plate arranged between the two adjacent staircase platforms and a prefabricated step removed from the reinforcement plate, wherein the interior of the prefabricated step is provided with a grouting hole and a reinforcement steel plate, one side of the reinforcement steel plate passes through the bottom of the prefabricated step, and a hook portion is formed at the bottom of the prefabricated step, the interior of the reinforcement plate is provided with an alignment hole for the hook portion to pass through, and the upper surface of the reinforcement plate is provided with a support column, and the support column passes through the interior of the grouting hole.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the prefabricated step is initially installed in the step installation channel from bottom to top through positioning between the support column and the grouting hole, and the top of the prefabricated step is knocked until the hook part of the reinforcing steel plate passes through the positioning hole, so that the prefabricated step is fixed on the reinforcement plate for rapid assembly of the prefabricated step.

[0008] Preferably, the opening cross-section of the upper surface of the alignment hole is larger than the opening cross-section of the lower surface thereof.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the hook portion at the bottom of the reinforcing steel plate is stuck in the alignment hole, and because the opening cross-section of the upper surface is larger than the opening cross-section of the lower surface, the reinforcing steel plate can be guided and firmly fixed in the alignment hole; this fixing method can effectively prevent the reinforcing steel plate from falling off or loosening, thereby enhancing the stability and safety of the stair structure.

[0010] Preferably, the other side surface of the reinforcing steel plate is curled from outside to inside, and forms a curled portion inside the prefabricated step.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the curled portion of the reinforced steel plate can increase the stiffness of the prefabricated step; the formation of the curled portion enables the reinforced steel plate to have higher strength and bending stiffness in the vertical direction, capable of bearing greater loads and avoiding deformation or damage of the step.

[0012] Preferably, the grouting hole is through-connected from top to bottom, and a special-shaped steel plate is provided inside the grouting hole in the horizontal direction, and the cross-section of the special-shaped steel plate is smaller than the cross-sectional size of the grouting hole.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the strength and stability of the prefabricated treads can be increased by adding special-shaped steel plates into the grouting holes of the prefabricated treads; the special-shaped steel plates can provide additional support and enhance the structural rigidity of the prefabricated treads, enabling them to withstand greater loads and reduce the risk of deformation and damage.

[0014] Preferably, the inner wall of the grouting hole forms a corrugated structure from top to bottom.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the corrugated structure can increase the contact area between the mortar and the inner wall of the grouting hole, thereby increasing the adhesion; it helps to form a tighter bond between the mortar and the inner wall of the grouting hole, thereby improving the adhesion of the mortar in the grouting hole and reducing the risk of mortar falling off.

[0016] Preferably, the upper and lower surfaces of the special-shaped steel plate are provided with a plurality of recessed portions, the top of the support column is against the recessed portion of the special-shaped steel plate, a threaded hole is provided inside the recessed portion of the special-shaped steel plate, a screw is provided inside the threaded hole, and the bottom of the screw passes through the interior of the support column.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, during installation, the recessed portion of the special-shaped steel plate is against the top of the support column, and the deadweight of the prefabricated step causes the special-shaped steel plate to arch upward, generating relative prestress. The relative prestress formed by the support column and the recessed portion can offset the pressure of the external force on the special-shaped steel plate, thereby increasing the compressive resistance of the prefabricated step and reducing the risk of deformation and damage.

[0018] Preferably, the special-shaped steel plate and the prefabricated steps are detachably arranged.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, when maintenance, cleaning or replacement is required, the special-shaped steel plates and prefabricated steps can be easily disassembled, reducing workload and time, and lowering maintenance costs; in addition, according to the needs of the construction site, the special-shaped steel plates and prefabricated steps can be disassembled or reinstalled as needed to adapt to different design requirements and usage needs.

[0020] Preferably, a plurality of reinforcing nets are provided between the upper surface of the reinforcing plate and the lower surface of the prefabricated step, and adjacent sides of the reinforcing nets overlap up and down, and two adjacent reinforcing nets overlap by 10-15 cm.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the upper and lower overlapping sides of adjacent reinforcement meshes can form a cross-reinforcement structure, effectively improving the overall strength and rigidity between the reinforcement plate and the prefabricated steps. In addition, the overlapping sides of adjacent reinforcement meshes can provide more support points, thereby reducing load concentration, reducing the stress at a single point, and avoiding local damage to the structure.

[0022] Preferably, an angle steel is provided at the junction of the stair platform and the reinforcement plate, the angle steel is provided on the lower surface of the reinforcement plate, and the angle steel and the reinforcement plate are fixedly connected by anchor rods.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the setting of angle steel and the fixed connection of anchor rods can increase the connection strength between the stair platform and the reinforcement plate; the angle steel as a connecting part can withstand a certain amount of tension and shear force, thereby increasing the stability and reliability of the connection.

[0024] Preferably, the construction method of the prefabricated combined staircase comprises the following construction steps:

[0025] S1: Install template;

[0026] A bottom formwork is installed between two adjacent stair platforms, with one side of the bottom formwork abutting against the wall, and a side formwork is installed on the other side of the bottom formwork. The bottom formwork, the wall, the side formwork and the two adjacent stair platforms are enclosed to form a prefabricated installation groove;

[0027] S2: Install reinforcement plate;

[0028] Place the reinforcement plate in the prefabricated installation groove, position it on the adjacent stair platform through angle steel, and fix it on the stair platform with anchor rods;

[0029] S3: Laying reinforcement net;

[0030] Lay several reinforcement meshes on the upper surface of the reinforcement plate so that the overlap between two adjacent reinforcement meshes is 10-15 cm;

[0031] S4: Install the baffle;

[0032] Install several baffles in the slots opened at equal intervals on the top of the side formwork, and the baffles divide the inner space of the prefabricated installation slot into several step installation channels of the same size;

[0033] S5: Install prefabricated steps;

[0034] Through the positioning of the support column and the grouting hole, the prefabricated step is initially installed in the step installation channel from bottom to top. At this time, the top of the support column is against the concave part of the special-shaped steel plate. Then the special-shaped steel plate is fixed to the support column by screws. Then the top of the prefabricated step is knocked until the hook part of the reinforcement steel plate passes through the alignment hole, so that the prefabricated step is fixed to the reinforcement plate.

[0035] S6: pouring mortar once;

[0036] Pour the prepared mortar into the gap between the prefabricated treads and the reinforcement plate along the top opening of the grouting hole, until it passes through the reinforcement plate and fills the gap between the reinforcement plate and the bottom form. During the mortar pouring process, first vibrate the prefabricated treads and the bottom formwork up and down, and then vibrate the side formwork sideways to make the mortar evenly penetrate the gaps and voids. When the mortar overflows the grouting hole, stop pouring the mortar. After the mortar is cured and solidified, the prefabricated treads and reinforcement plates form a preliminary staircase on the bottom formwork.

[0037] S7: Secondary pouring of mortar;

[0038] Pour the prepared mortar into the filling space formed by the baffle and the prefabricated steps until the mortar covers the baffle, and then cure and solidify to form the final shape of the staircase;

[0039] S8: demoulding;

[0040] After the final shape of the staircase is solidified, the apron and side formwork are removed first, and then the bottom formwork is removed to obtain a prefabricated composite staircase.

[0041] By adopting the above technical solution, the construction method of prefabricated combination stairs is carried out according to the steps of "installing formwork, installing reinforcement plates, laying reinforcement nets, installing baffles, installing prefabricated steps, pouring mortar once, pouring mortar twice, and removing formwork", which can ensure the structural stability of the combination stairs; installing reinforcement plates and laying reinforcement nets can increase the strength and stability of the stairs, while installing prefabricated steps and pouring mortar can ensure a close connection between the steps and the reinforcement plates, making the structure of the entire staircase more solid and stable.

[0042] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0043] 1. This prefabricated combined staircase is initially installed in the step installation channel from bottom to top by positioning the support column and the grouting hole. The top of the prefabricated step is then hammered until the hook of the reinforcement steel plate passes through the alignment hole, thereby fixing the prefabricated step on the reinforcement plate. This allows for quick assembly of the prefabricated step.

[0044] 2. The construction method of the prefabricated combination staircase can ensure the structural stability of the combination staircase by sequentially following the steps of "installing formwork, installing reinforcement plates, laying reinforcement nets, installing baffles, installing prefabricated steps, pouring mortar once, pouring mortar twice, and removing formwork"; installing reinforcement plates and laying reinforcement nets can increase the strength and stability of the stairs, while installing prefabricated steps and pouring mortar can ensure a close connection between the steps and the reinforcement plates, making the structure of the entire staircase more solid and stable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the prefabricated combined staircase in this embodiment;

[0046] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the prefabricated step in this embodiment;

[0047] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the explosion structure between the prefabricated step and the special-shaped steel plate in this embodiment;

[0048] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the explosion structure between the special-shaped steel plate and the support column in this embodiment;

[0049] Figure 5 is a flow chart of the construction method of the prefabricated combined staircase in this embodiment;

[0050] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the final staircase in this embodiment;

[0051] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the explosion structure between the side mold and the baffle in this embodiment;

[0052] Explanation of the accompanying symbols: 1. Reinforcement plate; 2. Prefabricated step; 3. Grouting hole; 4. Reinforcement steel plate; 5. Hook portion; 6. Alignment hole; 7. Support column; 8. Curled portion; 9. Special-shaped steel plate; 10. Recessed portion; 11. Screw; 12. Reinforcement mesh; 13. Angle steel; 14. Bottom mold; 15. Side mold; 16. Baffle; 17. Slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The present application is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is necessary to point out that the following specific implementation methods are only used to further illustrate the present application and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Technicians in this field can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0054] The present invention discloses a prefabricated combined staircase and a construction method thereof. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a prefabricated combined staircase is set up between two adjacent and mutually staggered staircase platforms, including a reinforcement plate 1 arranged between the two adjacent staircase platforms and a prefabricated step 2 removed from the reinforcement plate 1. A grouting hole 3 and a reinforcement steel plate 4 are provided inside the prefabricated step 2. One side of the reinforcement steel plate 4 passes through the bottom of the prefabricated step 2 and forms a hook portion 5 at the bottom of the prefabricated step 2. An alignment hole 6 for the hook portion 5 to pass through is provided inside the reinforcement plate 1. A support column 7 is provided on the upper surface of the reinforcement plate 1. The support column 7 passes through the interior of the grouting hole 3. Through the positioning between the support column 7 and the grouting hole 3, the prefabricated step 2 is initially installed in the step installation channel from bottom to top, and the top of the prefabricated step 2 is knocked until the hook portion 5 of the reinforcement steel plate 4 passes through the alignment hole 6. The prefabricated step 2 is fixed on the reinforcement plate 1 for quick assembly of the prefabricated step 2. In addition, by using the curved hooks 5 at the bottom of the reinforcement plate 1 and the reinforcement steel plate 4, the prefabricated step 2 can be quickly installed. Compared with traditional masonry stairs or on-site cast stairs, this installation method can save a lot of construction time. The prefabricated step 2 is fixed on the reinforcement plate 1 to ensure the stability and reliability of the stairs. The reinforcement plate 1 is usually made of steel and has sufficient strength and load-bearing capacity to ensure the structural stability of the stairs. Moreover, the prefabricated step 2 and the reinforcement plate 1 are manufactured and processed in the factory, which can better control the quality. The fixing method of the prefabricated step 2 can ensure that each step is accurately installed on the reinforcement plate 1, avoiding errors and instabilities that may exist during on-site construction.

[0055] In general, by positioning the support column 7 and the grouting hole 3, and hammering the top of the prefabricated step 2 to fix it on the reinforcement plate 1, a fast, stable and reliable installation of the prefabricated combination staircase can be achieved; this fixing method has advantages, improves the construction efficiency and quality control of the prefabricated combination staircase, and facilitates maintenance and replacement.

[0056] like Figure 1As shown, a plurality of reinforcing meshes 12 are provided between the upper surface of the reinforcing plate 1 and the lower surface of the prefabricated step 2, and the sides of adjacent reinforcing meshes 12 overlap each other up and down, and the overlap between two adjacent reinforcing meshes 12 is 15 cm; the upper and lower overlapping sides of adjacent reinforcing meshes 12 can form a cross reinforcement structure, which effectively improves the overall strength and rigidity between the reinforcing plate 1 and the prefabricated step 2. In addition, the side overlap of adjacent reinforcing meshes 12 can provide more support points, thereby reducing load concentration, reducing the stress of a single point, and avoiding local damage to the structure. The side overlap of adjacent reinforcing meshes 12 can form a continuous reinforcement layer. When cracks occur in the structure, this continuous reinforcement layer can resist the expansion of the cracks and prevent further development of the cracks. Moreover, the presence of the reinforcing mesh 12 can effectively disperse and absorb external loads and impacts, reduce the stress on the structure, and extend the life of the structure. At the same time, the reinforcing mesh 12 can also protect the reinforcing plate 1 and the prefabricated step 2, reduce the possibility of damage, and improve the durability of the structure.

[0057] In summary, by arranging several pieces of reinforcing mesh 12 before the reinforcing plate 1 and the prefabricated step 2, and allowing the sides of adjacent reinforcing mesh 12 to overlap up and down, the structural strength can be increased, the load can be dispersed, the crack expansion can be prevented, and the durability can be improved; this design can improve the safety, stability and durability of the structure, and is suitable for various engineering and construction applications that require enhanced structural strength and stability.

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, an angle steel 13 is provided at the intersection of the stair platform and the reinforcing plate 1. The angle steel 13 is provided on the lower surface of the reinforcing plate 1, and the angle steel 13 is fixedly connected to the reinforcing plate 1 by an anchor rod. The provision of the angle steel 13 and the fixed connection of the anchor rod can increase the connection strength between the stair platform and the reinforcing plate 1. As a connecting piece, the angle steel 13 can withstand a certain tension and shear force, thereby increasing the stability and reliability of the connection. Moreover, by fixing the angle steel 13 and the anchor rod, the stair platform and the reinforcing plate 1 can be tightly connected together, reducing the displacement and shaking of the prefabricated stairs and improving the stability of the overall structure. The fixed connection of the angle steel 13 and the anchor rod can improve the safety of the stair platform. Through the firm connection, the looseness and shaking of the connection can be reduced, the risk of accidents can be reduced, and the safety of people when using the stair platform can be ensured.

[0059] In summary, an angle steel 13 is provided at the junction of the stair platform and the reinforcement plate 1, and the connection is fixed by the anchor rod inside the angle steel 13, which can increase the connection strength, improve the structural stability, prevent loosening and deformation, and improve safety; this design can ensure a firm connection between the stair platform and the reinforcement plate 1, and improve the stability and safety of the overall structure.

[0060] like Figure 2As shown, the upper surface opening cross-section of the alignment hole 6 is larger than the lower surface opening cross-section; the hook portion 5 at the bottom of the reinforcing steel plate 4 is stuck on the alignment hole 6, and the upper surface opening cross-section is larger than the lower surface opening cross-section, which can guide and firmly fix the reinforcing steel plate 4 in the alignment hole 6; this fixing method can effectively prevent the reinforcing steel plate 4 from falling off or loosening, and enhance the stability and safety of the stair structure; because the hook portion 5 at the bottom of the reinforcing steel plate 4 is tightly matched with the structure of the alignment hole 6, it can withstand a larger load; this fixing method can increase the bearing capacity of the stair structure and ensure that the stairs will not be deformed or damaged during use; the other side of the reinforcing steel plate 4 is curled from the outside to the inside, and a curled portion 8 is formed inside the prefabricated step 2; the curled portion 8 of the reinforcing steel plate 4 can increase the rigidity of the prefabricated step 2; the curled portion 8 The reinforcement steel plate 4 has higher strength and bending rigidity in the vertical direction, can withstand greater loads, and avoid deformation or damage of the steps; through the support of the curled portion 8, the prefabricated step 2 can distribute the load to the reinforcement steel plate 4 more evenly, reduce the pressure concentration, and improve the bearing capacity of the prefabricated step 2; the existence of the curled portion 8 can effectively prevent the prefabricated step 2 from sliding during installation and use; a locking effect is formed between the curled portion 8 and the prefabricated step 2, which increases the friction between the prefabricated step 2 and the reinforcement steel plate 4, making the step more firmly fixed and less likely to slide; the design of the curled portion 8 can improve the durability of the prefabricated step 2; the existence of the curled portion 8 can reduce the joints and cracks between the prefabricated step 2 and the reinforcement steel plate 4, reduce the intrusion of moisture and dust, and thus extend the service life of the step;

[0061] In summary, the other side of the reinforcing steel plate 4 is curled inward to form a curled portion 8, which can improve the rigidity, load-bearing capacity and durability of the prefabricated step 2 while preventing sliding; this design can enhance the structural stability and safety of the stairs.

[0062] like Figure 3As shown, the grouting hole 3 is through-through, and a special-shaped steel plate 9 is provided inside the grouting hole 3 in the horizontal direction. The cross section of the special-shaped steel plate 9 is smaller than the cross section size of the grouting hole 3; the special-shaped steel plate 9 is detachably arranged between the prefabricated step 2; when maintenance, cleaning or replacement is required, the special-shaped steel plate 9 and the prefabricated step 2 can be easily disassembled, reducing workload and time, and reducing maintenance costs; in addition, according to the needs of the construction site, the special-shaped steel plate 9 and the prefabricated step 2 can be disassembled or reinstalled as needed to meet different design requirements and usage requirements; by grouting the prefabricated step 2 Adding the special-shaped steel plate 9 to the hole 3 can increase the strength and stability of the prefabricated step 2; the special-shaped steel plate 9 can provide additional support and enhance the structural rigidity of the prefabricated step 2, enabling it to withstand greater loads and reducing the risk of deformation and damage; the special-shaped steel plate 9 can effectively prevent the grouting material inside the prefabricated step 2 from being lost or dispersed, maintaining the material in the grouting hole 3 stable, and protecting the step from moisture, corrosion, or damage; because the steel plate has high high-temperature resistance, it can effectively isolate the spread of flames and heat, provide a longer flame blocking time, and increase the fire resistance of the step;

[0063] In summary, by arranging the special-shaped steel plate 9 inside the grouting hole 3 in the prefabricated step 2, the strength and stability can be increased, and the durability and fire resistance can be improved; this design can improve the safety and reliability of the stair structure and extend its service life.

[0064] like Figure 3 As shown, the inner wall of the grouting hole 3 forms a corrugated structure from top to bottom; the corrugated structure can increase the contact area between the mortar and the inner wall of the grouting hole 3, thereby increasing adhesion; it helps to form a tighter bond between the mortar and the inner wall of the grouting hole 3, improve the adhesion of the mortar in the grouting hole 3, and reduce the risk of mortar falling off; the corrugated design can form more vortices in the grouting hole 3, promote the uniform distribution of the mortar, fill every corner of the grouting hole 3, and avoid the generation of voids and defects; it also helps to form a tighter filling of the mortar in the grouting hole 3, reducing the presence of voids; at the same time, the corrugated structure can also promote the discharge of bubbles, prevent bubbles from being trapped in the grouting hole 3, reduce the air content in the mortar, and improve the density of the mortar in the grouting hole 3; in addition, it can make the mortar evenly distributed in the grouting hole 3, fill every corner, and ensure that the mortar in the grouting hole 3 is full and uniform; this helps to improve the efficiency and quality of grouting, and ensure that the mortar in the grouting hole 3 meets the design requirements;

[0065] In summary, the corrugated structure formed on the inner wall of the grouting hole 3 from top to bottom can increase adhesion, improve fluidity, reduce gaps and bubbles, and improve the grouting effect; this design can ensure that the mortar in the grouting hole 3 is tightly filled, thereby improving the firmness and stability of the structure.

[0066] like Figure 4As shown, the upper and lower surfaces of the special-shaped steel plate 9 are provided with a plurality of recessed portions 10, the top of the support column 7 is against the recessed portion 10 of the special-shaped steel plate 9, a threaded hole is provided inside the recessed portion 10 of the special-shaped steel plate 9, a screw 11 is provided inside the threaded hole, and the bottom of the screw 11 passes through the interior of the support column 7; during installation, the recessed portion 10 of the special-shaped steel plate 9 is against the top of the support column 7, and the dead weight of the prefabricated step 2 causes the special-shaped steel plate 9 to arch upward, generating relative prestress. The relative prestress formed by the support column 7 and the recessed portion 10 can offset the pressure of the external force on the special-shaped steel plate 9, thereby increasing the prefabricated step 2 Compressive strength can be improved, reducing the risk of deformation and damage; the introduction of relative prestressing can effectively disperse the bearing load and evenly distribute the load to various parts of the special-shaped steel plate 9, thereby improving the bearing capacity of the entire structure and reducing the possibility of local damage; and through the fixation of the screw 11, the connection between the support column 7 and the special-shaped steel plate 9 can be ensured to be tight, avoiding loosening and displacement, and improving the stability and safety of the entire structure; the use of the screw 11 can easily disassemble the support column 7 and the special-shaped steel plate 9, which is convenient for inspection, repair or replacement; this can reduce maintenance time and cost and improve the maintainability of the structure.

[0067] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the construction method of the prefabricated combined staircase includes the following construction steps:

[0068] S1: Install template;

[0069] A bottom formwork 14 is installed between two adjacent staircase landings, with one side of the bottom formwork 14 abutting against the wall, and a side formwork 15 is installed on the other side of the bottom formwork 14. The bottom formwork 14, the wall, the side formwork 15 and the two adjacent staircase landings are enclosed to form a prefabricated installation groove;

[0070] S2: Install reinforcement plate 1;

[0071] Place the reinforcement plate 1 in the prefabricated installation groove and position it on the adjacent stair platform through the angle steel 13, and fix it on the stair platform with anchor rods;

[0072] S3: Laying the reinforcement net 12;

[0073] Lay several reinforcement meshes 12 flat on the upper surface of the reinforcement plate 1 so that the overlap between two adjacent reinforcement meshes 12 is 15 cm;

[0074] like Figure 7 As shown, S4: installing the baffle 16;

[0075] Install a plurality of baffles 16 in the slots 17 opened at equal intervals on the top of the side mold 15. The baffles 16 divide the interior space of the prefabricated installation slot into a plurality of step installation channels of the same size.

[0076] S5: Install prefabricated step 2;

[0077] Through the positioning of the support column 7 and the grouting hole 3, the prefabricated step 2 is initially installed in the step installation channel from bottom to top. At this time, the top of the support column 7 is against the concave part 10 of the special-shaped steel plate 9. Then, the special-shaped steel plate 9 is fixed to the support column 7 by the screw 11. Then, the top of the prefabricated step 2 is knocked until the hook part 5 of the reinforcement steel plate 4 passes through the alignment hole 6, so that the prefabricated step 2 is fixed to the reinforcement plate 1;

[0078] S6: pouring mortar once;

[0079] The prepared mortar is poured into the gap between the prefabricated step 2 and the reinforcement plate 1 along the top opening of the grouting hole 3 until it passes through the reinforcement plate 1 and fills the gap between the reinforcement plate 1 and the bottom form 14. During the mortar pouring process, the prefabricated step 2 and the bottom form 14 are first vibrated up and down, and then the side form 15 is vibrated laterally to make the mortar evenly penetrate the gaps and gaps. When the mortar overflows the grouting hole 3, the mortar pouring is stopped. After the mortar is cured and solidified, the prefabricated step 2 and the reinforcement plate 1 form a preliminary staircase on the bottom form 14.

[0080] S7: Secondary pouring of mortar;

[0081] Pour the prepared mortar into the filling space formed by the baffle 16 and the prefabricated steps 2 until the mortar covers the baffle 16, and then cure and solidify to form the final shape of the staircase;

[0082] S8: demoulding;

[0083] After the final shape of the staircase is solidified, the apron 16 and the side formwork 15 are first removed, and then the bottom formwork 14 is removed to obtain a prefabricated composite staircase.

[0084] The construction method of prefabricated combination stairs according to the steps of "installing formwork, installing reinforcement plate 1, laying reinforcement net 12, installing baffle 16, installing prefabricated tread 2, pouring mortar once, pouring mortar twice, and removing formwork" can ensure the structural stability of the combination stairs; installing reinforcement plate 1 and laying reinforcement net 12 can increase the strength and stability of the stairs, while installing prefabricated tread 2 and pouring mortar can ensure a close connection between the tread and the reinforcement plate 1, making the structure of the entire staircase more solid and stable.

[0085] Each step has its own specific procedures and construction requirements, which can be used to gradually check and control the construction quality. For example, after pouring the mortar once, the flatness and verticality of the steps can be checked. If there are any problems, adjustments and corrections can be made in time to ensure that the final staircase quality meets the requirements.

[0086] Moreover, construction workers can carry out special preparation and construction for each step, avoiding repeated operations and wasting time. At the same time, orderly construction steps can also improve the work efficiency of construction workers and reduce waste of manpower and time.

[0087] In summary, the construction of prefabricated combination stairs is carried out in accordance with the steps of "installing formwork, installing reinforcement plate 1, laying reinforcement net 12, installing baffle 16, installing prefabricated steps 2, pouring mortar once, pouring mortar twice, and removing formwork". This can ensure an orderly construction process, good structural stability, controllable construction quality, and high construction efficiency. This construction method is suitable for the construction of prefabricated combination stairs and can improve construction quality and efficiency.

[0088] Working principle: The user first cleans the impurities and dust on the two stair platforms, and then sets up the template between the two adjacent stair platforms.

[0089] Place the reinforcement plate 1 in the formwork, position it on the adjacent stair platform through the angle steel 13, and fix it on the stair platform with anchor rods; then spread several reinforcement meshes 12 flat on the upper surface of the reinforcement plate 1, and then through the positioning of the support column 7 and the grouting hole 3, preliminarily install the prefabricated step 2 from bottom to top in the step installation channel. At this time, the top of the support column 7 is against the recessed part 10 of the special-shaped steel plate 9, and then the special-shaped steel plate 9 is fixed to the support column 7 by the screw 11, and then the top of the prefabricated step 2 is knocked until the hook part 5 of the reinforcement steel plate 4 passes through the alignment hole 6, so that the prefabricated step 2 is fixed on the reinforcement plate 1.

[0090] Finally, after two pourings of mortar, the reinforcement plate 1 and the prefabricated steps 2 are formed into a whole, and the final staircase is formed after curing. After the final staircase is cured, the baffle 16 and the side form 15 are first removed, and then the bottom form 14 is removed to obtain the prefabricated combined staircase.

[0091] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A prefabricated combined staircase, which is erected between two adjacent staircase landings that are offset from each other, and comprises a reinforcing plate (1) disposed between the two adjacent staircase landings and prefabricated treads (2) that are disassembled and disposed on the reinforcing plate (1), characterized in that: The prefabricated step (2) is provided with a grouting hole (3) and a reinforcing steel plate (4), one side of the reinforcing steel plate (4) passes through the bottom of the prefabricated step (2), and a hook portion (5) is formed at the bottom of the prefabricated step (2), and the reinforcing plate (1) is provided with a positioning hole (6) for the hook portion (5) to pass through, and the upper surface of the reinforcing plate (1) is provided with a support column (7), and the support column (7) passes through the inside of the grouting hole (3).

2. The prefabricated combined staircase according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening cross section of the upper surface of the alignment hole (6) is larger than the opening cross section of the lower surface thereof.

3. The prefabricated combined staircase according to claim 1, characterized in that: The other side surface of the reinforcing steel plate (4) is curled from outside to inside, and forms a curled portion (8) inside the prefabricated step (2).

4. The prefabricated combined staircase according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grouting hole (3) is through-connected from top to bottom, and a special-shaped steel plate (9) is provided inside the grouting hole (3) in the horizontal direction, wherein the cross section of the special-shaped steel plate (9) is smaller than the cross section size of the grouting hole (3).

5. The prefabricated combined staircase according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner wall of the grouting hole (3) forms a corrugated structure from top to bottom.

6. The prefabricated combined staircase according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper and lower surfaces of the special-shaped steel plate (9) are both provided with a plurality of recessed portions (10), the top of the support column (7) is in contact with the recessed portion (10) of the special-shaped steel plate (9), a threaded hole is provided inside the recessed portion (10) of the special-shaped steel plate (9), a screw rod (11) is provided inside the threaded hole, and the bottom of the screw rod (11) passes through the interior of the support column (7).

7. The prefabricated composite staircase according to claim 6, characterized in that: The special-shaped steel plate (9) and the prefabricated step (2) are detachably arranged.

8. The prefabricated composite staircase according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of reinforcing nets (12) are provided between the upper surface of the reinforcing plate (1) and the lower surface of the prefabricated step (2), and the sides of adjacent reinforcing nets (12) overlap up and down, and the overlap between two adjacent reinforcing nets (12) is 10-15 cm.

9. The prefabricated combined staircase according to claim 1, characterized in that: An angle steel (13) is provided at the junction of the stair platform and the reinforcement plate (1); the angle steel (13) is provided on the lower surface of the reinforcement plate (1); and the angle steel (13) and the reinforcement plate (1) are fixedly connected via anchor rods.

10. A construction method for a prefabricated composite staircase according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The construction steps include: S1: Install template; A bottom formwork (14) is installed between two adjacent staircase platforms, one side of the bottom formwork (14) is against the wall, and a side formwork (15) is installed on the other side of the bottom formwork (14). The bottom formwork (14), the wall, the side formwork (15) and the two adjacent staircase platforms are enclosed to form a prefabricated installation groove; S2: Install the reinforcement plate (1); The reinforcement plate (1) is placed in the prefabricated installation groove, positioned on the adjacent stair platform through the angle steel (13), and fixed on the stair platform with anchor rods; S3: Laying the reinforcement net (12); Laying a plurality of the reinforcement nets (12) on the upper surface of the reinforcement plate (1) so that two adjacent reinforcement nets (12) overlap by 10-15 cm; S4: Install the baffle (16); Installing a plurality of baffles (16) in slots (17) provided at equal intervals on the top of the side mold (15), the baffles (16) divide the interior space of the prefabricated installation slot into a plurality of step installation channels of the same size; S5: Install prefabricated steps (2); By positioning the support column (7) and the grouting hole (3), the prefabricated step (2) is initially installed in the step installation channel from bottom to top. At this time, the top of the support column (7) is abutted against the recessed portion (10) of the special-shaped steel plate (9). Then, the special-shaped steel plate (9) is fixed to the support column (7) by the screw (11). Then, the top of the prefabricated step (2) is knocked until the hook portion (5) of the reinforcement steel plate (4) passes through the alignment hole (6), so that the prefabricated step (2) is fixed to the reinforcement plate (1); S6: pouring mortar once; The prepared mortar is poured into the gap between the prefabricated step (2) and the reinforcement plate (1) along the top opening of the grouting hole (3) until it passes through the reinforcement plate (1) and fills the gap between the reinforcement plate (1) and the bottom mold (14). During the mortar pouring process, the prefabricated step (2) and the bottom mold (14) are first vibrated up and down, and then the side mold (15) is vibrated sideways to make the mortar evenly penetrate the gap and the gap. When the mortar overflows the grouting hole (3), the mortar pouring is stopped. After the mortar is cured and solidified, the prefabricated step (2) and the reinforcement plate (1) form a preliminary staircase on the bottom mold (14); S7: Secondary pouring of mortar; The prepared mortar is poured into the filling space formed by the baffle (16) and the prefabricated steps (2) until the mortar covers the baffle (16), and then cured to form the final staircase; S8: demoulding; After the final staircase is solidified, the baffle (16) and the side form (15) are first removed, and then the bottom form (14) is removed to obtain a prefabricated composite staircase.

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