A foundation-free construction system

Abstract

This invention discloses a foundationless construction system that uses its own weight as a reference for center of gravity adjustment, enabling the external climbing tower crane to be constructed within a shaft. The system employs a movable wedge micro-adjustment structure, where a movable component drives a strip structure to clamp the tower itself, thus adjusting the tower's load-bearing structure. Simultaneously, an arc-shaped plate structure provides bending resistance to the entire plate, minimizing the impact of individual failures of the movable component (i.e., the independent movable wedge) on the clamping action. Furthermore, elastic pads are used to reduce metal fatigue and plastic deformation caused by rigid structural collisions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of construction equipment, and in particular to a foundationless construction system. Background Technology

[0002] Tower cranes are the most commonly used lifting equipment on construction sites. They are constructed by extending sections (referred to as standard sections) to lift construction materials such as steel bars, timber, concrete, and steel pipes.

[0003] During construction, due to projects being contracted to different entities, it often happens that when subsequent projects take over, the basement structure has already been completed, making it impossible to install the main building's external tower crane. Using a truck crane is insufficient for efficient residential building construction. Therefore, to accommodate the subsequent use of the tower crane within its shaft, pre-embedded components for the tower crane foundation are required. However, this is often difficult to achieve due to the different project owners. Furthermore, the use of shafts in construction often employs internal climbing tower cranes, but these increase building costs and require coordination with the schedule, and can only be used during construction breaks; the tower crane operator cannot directly observe the lifting process.

[0004] External climbing structures, if built on a shaft foundation, have lower structural controllability. Specifically, unlike internal climbing structures, external climbing structures require external hoisting of standard sections to achieve overall height increase. Internal climbing towers, built within the shaft, are integrated with the building structure, allowing for relatively easy minor adjustments to stability during construction. Each stage of construction is stabilized before proceeding to the next installation step. External climbing structures, however, require external hoisting; direct construction within the shaft means the tower structure must be erected directly within the shaft, lacking any room for structural adjustment.

[0005] Therefore, how to construct a foundationless tower crane stability adjustment system based on the shaft structure is an unresolved issue in the construction of climbing tower cranes inside and outside the shaft.

[0006] A foundation-free construction system is needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention addresses the problem in existing external climbing structures where standard sections need to be lifted from the outside to achieve overall height elevation. However, internal climbing towers, built within a shaft, are integrated with the building structure, allowing for relatively easy minor adjustments to stability during construction, ensuring stability at each stage before proceeding to the next installation step. External climbing structures, requiring external lifting, necessitate direct construction within the shaft, meaning the entire shaft section of the tower must be erected immediately, lacking structural adjustment space. This invention provides a foundationless construction system employing a two-stage stress adjustment system, thus resolving these issues.

[0008] This invention provides a foundation-free construction system, comprising several spatial position sensors, a spatial reference sensor, a center of gravity fitting module, an adjustment control module, a mechanical model module, a tower, an external climbing frame, a top functional component, several attachment frames, a steel beam base frame, and several combined movable wedges.

[0009] Spatial position sensors are installed at the node positions of the tower, external climbing frame, and top functional components, as well as at the top and bottom of the external climbing frame. The spatial position sensors are connected to the center of gravity fitting module and the mechanical model module, and are used to provide signals to the gravity fitting module.

[0010] The spatial reference sensor is fixedly mounted on the building structure and is connected to the center of gravity fitting module.

[0011] The spatial reference sensor is used to provide a positioning reference for the center of gravity fitting module;

[0012] The center of gravity fitting module is used to fit the overall center of gravity of a foundationless tower crane based on the mechanical state of each component of the tower crane, and to determine the trend of center of gravity movement.

[0013] The control module receives signals from the center of gravity fitting module and the mechanical model module to control the attitude of the combined active wedge and adjust the position of the external climbing frame.

[0014] The mechanical model module is used to perform mechanical modeling of the entire tower crane based on the imported ideal weight of the tower crane components and the detected position and attitude information, and then transmits the modeling results to the center of gravity fitting module.

[0015] The steel beam base frame is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the shaft. The lower half of the tower is installed inside the shaft, and the bottom of the tower is connected to the top of the steel beam base frame. The height of the tower is higher than the height of the shaft. The attachment frame is a rectangular ring structure, which is uniformly and horizontally fixed inside the shaft. The lower half of the tower passes through the attachment frame. The external climbing frame is installed on the outer periphery of the top of the upper half of the tower. The top functional components are installed on the top of the tower. The combined movable wedge is a wedge structure with a wider top and a narrower bottom, which is set vertically on one side edge. The combined movable wedge is set on the inner wall of the shaft around the outer periphery of the steel beam base frame and on the inner surface of the attachment frame. The combined movable wedge on the inner wall of the shaft around the outer periphery of the steel beam base frame clamps the crossbar of the steel beam base frame, and the movable wedge on the attachment frame clamps the crossbar of the tower. The slope of the clamping position of the combined movable wedge is adjustable.

[0016] The foundationless construction system of the present invention, as a preferred embodiment, includes a combined movable wedge comprising at least three independently movable wedges arranged in the same direction, a rigid connecting plate, and an elastic pad. The independently movable wedges of the same combined movable wedge receive the same control signal from the adjustment control module. The working surfaces of the independently movable wedges are uniformly connected on the same side of the rigid connecting plate. The elastic pad is disposed on the other side of the rigid connecting plate and contacts the clamped part.

[0017] The independent movable wedge includes a fixed plate, a connecting hinge, a first adjusting rod, a second adjusting rod, and a clamping plate. The fixed plate is vertically arranged and fixed to the inner surface of the shaft. The lower end of the movable plate is hinged to the lower side of the fixed plate via the connecting hinge. The first and second adjusting rods are telescopic lifting rods. The fixed ends of the first and second adjusting rods are vertically fixed to the outer surface of the fixed plate. The working ends of both the first and second adjusting rods are hinged to the clamping plate. The axes of the first and second adjusting rods are parallel to each other. The first and second adjusting rods are located at the same vertical projection position on the fixed plate, and the length of the first adjusting rod is greater than the length of the second adjusting rod.

[0018] The preferred method for using the foundation-free construction system described in this invention includes the following steps:

[0019] S1. An attachment frame is installed on the side wall of the shaft, and a steel beam base frame is installed at the bottom of the shaft;

[0020] S2. Install the tower and the spatial position sensor of the node position inside the tower at the bottom of the shaft, and install the combined movable wedge on the attachment frame at the same time as installing the tower, so that the combined movable wedge acts on the side wall of the tower.

[0021] S3, a tower built outside the shaft and a spatial position sensor on the tower, and an external climbing frame and a top functional component installed on the tower;

[0022] S4. Install a spatial reference sensor at the location of the top floor slab of the building;

[0023] S5. Import the tower crane model into the mechanical model module and adjust the actual posture of the tower crane according to the spatial position sensor.

[0024] S6. Set the vertical centerline in the mechanical model of the tower crane;

[0025] S7. The center of gravity fitting module accepts the fitting parameters from the mechanical model module and fits the current center of gravity of the tower crane.

[0026] S8. The adjustment control module obtains the centerline data and current center of gravity data from the center of gravity fitting module, controls the vertical position of the external climbing frame on the tower, and performs coarse adjustment of the center of gravity.

[0027] S9. Adjust the control module to select a combination of movable wedges based on the center of gravity height for fine adjustment of the center of gravity.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment of the method for using a foundationless construction system described in this invention, step S9 involves selecting a combination of movable wedges based on the center of gravity height as follows: The required number A of movable wedges to be selected in the vertical direction is determined based on the current center of gravity height. The center of gravity height is proportional to the number of selected wedges A. The movable wedge closest to the center of gravity in the vertical direction and opposite to the direction of the center of gravity offset is selected as the adjustment base position. Movable wedges are then selected sequentially in both the vertical and vertical directions until the number meets the selection requirement A. This serves as the main movable wedge for this correction. The main movable wedge performs movement compensation in the opposite direction of the center of gravity offset. The movement compensation distance decreases sequentially in the vertical and vertical directions from the movable wedge closest to the center of gravity until the center of gravity is corrected.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of the foundationless construction system described in this invention, the remaining movable wedges on the attachment frame where the main movable wedge is located provide stability compensation for the tower. The direction of stability compensation is opposite to the direction of active compensation of the main movable wedge and the stability compensation distance is less than the active compensation distance.

[0030] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0031] (1) The movable wedge fine-tuning structure adopted in this system drives the strip structure to clamp the tower itself through the movable component, thereby realizing the adjustment of the tower's stress structure. At the same time, the arc plate structure brings the bending resistance effect to the entire plate, so that the movable component, i.e. the independent movable wedge, reduces the impact on the clamping activity in the case of individual failure. On this basis, the elastic pad contact reduces the metal fatigue and plastic deformation caused by the collision of the rigid structure.

[0032] (2) This system adopts a two-stage adjustment structure, which uses the weight of the external climbing frame for coarse adjustment, avoiding the introduction of too many new structures that would reduce the possibility of mechanism failure;

[0033] (3) This system adopts center of gravity calibration logic and adjusts the control mode according to the influence of the center of gravity, so that the tower crane regulated by this system has stronger controllability while minimizing the impact on the overall system.

[0034] (4) It enables the construction of foundationless external climbing tower cranes in existing shafts, reducing the impact of communication between different construction entities and effectively maintaining construction efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a foundation-free construction system;

[0036] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a foundationless construction system with a movable wedge assembly;

[0037] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an independent movable wedge in a foundationless construction system;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the usage method of a foundation-free construction system.

[0039] Figure label:

[0040] 1. Spatial position sensor; 2. Spatial reference sensor; 3. Center of gravity fitting module; 4. Adjustment control module; 5. Mechanical model module; 6. Tower; 7. External climbing frame; 8. Top functional component; 9. Attachment frame; 10. Steel beam base frame; 1a. Combined movable wedge; 1a1. Independent movable wedge; 1a11. Fixing plate; 1a12. Connecting hinge; 1a13. First adjusting rod; 1a14. Second adjusting rod; 1a15. Clamping plate; 1a2. Rigid connecting plate; 1a3. Elastic pad. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, a foundationless construction system includes several spatial position sensors 1, spatial reference sensors 2, a center of gravity fitting module 3, an adjustment and control module 4, a mechanical model module 5, a tower 6, an external climbing frame 7, a top functional component 8, several attachment frames 9, a steel beam base frame 10, and several combined movable wedges 1a.

[0044] Spatial position sensor 1 is installed at the node positions of tower 6, external climbing frame 7, and top functional component 8, as well as at the top and bottom of external climbing frame 7. Spatial position sensor 1 is connected to the center of gravity fitting module 3 and mechanical model module 5. Spatial position sensor 1 is used to provide signals to the gravity fitting module.

[0045] The spatial reference sensor 2 is fixedly installed on the building structure, and the spatial reference sensor 2 is connected to the center of gravity fitting module 3 for signal transmission.

[0046] The spatial reference sensor 2 is used to provide a positioning reference for the center of gravity fitting module 3;

[0047] The center of gravity fitting module 3 is used to fit the overall center of gravity of the foundationless tower crane based on the mechanical state of each component of the tower crane, and to determine the trend of center of gravity movement.

[0048] The control module 4 receives signals from the center of gravity fitting module 3 and the mechanical model module 5 to control the attitude of the combined active wedge 1a and adjust the position of the external climbing frame 7.

[0049] The mechanical model module 5 is used to perform mechanical modeling of the entire tower crane based on the imported ideal weight of the tower crane components and the detected position and attitude information, and transmit the modeling results to the center of gravity fitting module 3;

[0050] The steel beam base frame 10 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the shaft. The lower half of the tower 6 is installed inside the shaft. The bottom of the tower 6 is connected to the top of the steel beam base frame 10. The height of the tower 6 is higher than the height of the shaft. The attachment frame 9 is a rectangular ring structure, which is uniformly and horizontally fixed inside the shaft. The lower half of the tower 6 passes through the attachment frame 9. The external climbing frame 7 is installed on the outer periphery of the top of the upper half of the tower 6. The top functional components are installed on the top of the tower 6. The combined movable wedge 1a is a wedge structure with a wider top and a narrower bottom, which is set vertically on one side edge. The combined movable wedge 1a is set on the inner wall of the shaft around the steel beam base frame 10 and on the inner surface of the attachment frame 9. The combined movable wedge 1a on the inner wall of the shaft around the steel beam base frame 10 clamps the crossbar of the steel beam base frame 10. The movable wedge on the attachment frame 9 clamps the crossbar of the tower 6. The slope of the clamping position of the combined movable wedge 1a is adjustable.

[0051] like Figure 2 As shown, the combined movable wedge 1a includes at least three independent movable wedges 1a1 arranged in the same direction, a rigid connecting plate 1a2, and an elastic pad 1a3. The independent movable wedges 1a1 of the same combined movable wedge 1a receive the same control signal from the adjustment control module 4. The working surfaces of the independent movable wedges 1a1 are uniformly connected to the same side of the rigid connecting plate 1a2. The elastic pad 1a3 is arranged on the other side of the rigid connecting plate 1a2 and contacts the clamped part.

[0052] like Figure 3As shown, the independent movable wedge 1a1 includes a fixed plate 1a11, a connecting hinge 1a12, a first adjusting rod 1a13, a second adjusting rod 1a14, and a clamping plate 1a15. The fixed plate 1a11 is vertically arranged and fixed to the inner surface of the shaft. The lower end of the movable plate is hinged to the lower side of the fixed plate 1a11 through the connecting hinge 1a12. The first adjusting rod 1a13 and the second adjusting rod 1a14 are telescopic lifting rods. The fixed ends of the first adjusting rod 1a13 and the second adjusting rod 1a14 are vertically fixed to the outer surface of the fixed plate 1a11. The working ends of the first adjusting rod 1a13 and the second adjusting rod 1a14 are both hinged to the clamping plate 1a15. The axes of the first adjusting rod 1a13 and the second adjusting rod 1a14 are parallel to each other. The first adjusting rod 1a13 and the second adjusting rod 1a14 are located at the same vertical projection position on the fixed plate 1a11. The length of the first adjusting rod 1a13 is greater than the length of the second adjusting rod 1a14.

[0053] like Figure 4 As shown, the method of using a foundationless construction system in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0054] S1. An attachment frame 9 is installed on the side wall of the shaft, and a steel beam base frame 10 is installed at the bottom of the shaft;

[0055] S2. Install the tower 6 inside the shaft and the spatial position sensor 1 at the node position on the tower 6 upward at the bottom of the shaft, and install the combined movable wedge 1a on the attachment frame 9 at the same time as installing the tower 6, so that the combined movable wedge 1a acts on the side wall of the tower 6.

[0056] S3, a tower 6 built outside the shaft and a spatial position sensor 1 on the tower 6, and an external climbing frame 7 and a top functional component 8 installed on the tower 6;

[0057] S4. Install a spatial reference sensor 2 at the location of the top floor slab of the building;

[0058] S5. Import the tower crane model into the mechanical model module 5, and adjust the actual posture of the tower crane according to the spatial position sensor 1;

[0059] S6. Set the vertical centerline in the mechanical model of the tower crane;

[0060] S7. The center of gravity fitting module 3 receives the fitting parameters from the mechanical model module 5 and fits the current center of gravity of the tower crane.

[0061] S8. Adjust the control module 4 to obtain the centerline data and current center of gravity data from the center of gravity fitting module 3, control the vertical position of the external climbing frame 7 on the tower 6, and perform coarse adjustment of the center of gravity.

[0062] S9. Adjust the control module 4 to select the combination movable wedge 1a according to the center of gravity height for fine adjustment of the center of gravity.

[0063] In step S9, the method for selecting the combined movable wedge 1a based on the center of gravity height is as follows: Based on the current center of gravity height, determine the number A of combined movable wedges 1a to be selected in the vertical direction. The center of gravity height is proportional to the number of selections A. Select the combined movable wedge 1a that is closest to the center of gravity in the vertical direction and opposite to the direction of the center of gravity offset as the adjustment base position. Then, select combined movable wedges 1a in the vertical and vertical directions until the number meets the selection number A. This serves as the main combined movable wedge 1a for this correction. The main combined movable wedge 1a performs movement compensation in the opposite direction of the center of gravity offset. The movement compensation distance decreases sequentially in the vertical and vertical directions because the combined movable wedge 1a closest to the center of gravity in the vertical direction is the closest to the center of gravity, until the movement compensation reaches the center of gravity correction.

[0064] The remaining movable wedges 1a on the attachment frame 9 where the main movable wedge 1a is located provide stability compensation for the tower 6. The direction of stability compensation is opposite to the direction of active compensation of the main movable wedge 1a relative to the tower 6, and the stability compensation distance is less than the active compensation distance.

[0065] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for a no-foundation construction, characterized by: It includes several spatial position sensors (1), spatial reference sensors (2), center of gravity fitting module (3), adjustment control module (4), mechanical model module (5), tower (6), external climbing frame (7), top functional components (8), several attachment frames (9), steel beam base frame (10), and several combined movable wedges (1a). The spatial position sensor (1) is installed at the node positions of the tower (6), the external climbing frame (7), the top functional component (8), and the top and bottom ends of the external climbing frame (7). The spatial position sensor (1) is connected to the center of gravity fitting module (3) and the mechanical model module (5). The spatial position sensor (1) is used to provide the position data basis for the center of gravity fitting module (3). The spatial reference sensor (2) is fixedly installed on the building structure, and the spatial reference sensor (2) is connected to the center of gravity fitting module (3) via signal connection. The spatial reference sensor (2) is used to provide a positioning reference for the center of gravity fitting module (3); The center of gravity fitting module (3) is used to fit the overall center of gravity of the foundationless tower crane based on the mechanical state of each component of the tower crane, and to determine the trend of center of gravity movement. The adjustment control module (4) receives signals from the center of gravity fitting module (3) and the mechanical model module (5) to control the attitude of the combined movable wedge (1a) and adjust the position of the external climbing frame (7); The mechanical model module (5) is used to perform mechanical modeling of the entire tower crane based on the imported ideal weight of the tower crane components and the detected position and attitude information, and transmit the modeling results to the center of gravity fitting module (3). The steel beam base frame (10) is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the shaft. The lower half of the tower (6) is installed inside the shaft. The bottom of the tower (6) is connected to the top of the steel beam base frame (10). The height of the tower (6) is higher than the height of the shaft. The attachment frame (9) is a rectangular ring structure and is uniformly and horizontally fixed inside the shaft. The lower half of the tower (6) passes through the attachment frame (9). The external climbing frame (7) is installed on the outer periphery of the top of the upper half of the tower (6). The top functional components are installed on the tower. At the top of the frame (6), the combined movable wedge (1a) is a wedge structure with a wider top and a narrower bottom, set vertically on one side edge. The combined movable wedge (1a) is set on the inner wall of the shaft on the outer periphery of the steel beam base frame (10) and on the inner surface of the attachment frame (9). The combined movable wedge (1a) on the inner wall of the shaft on the outer periphery of the steel beam base frame (10) clamps the crossbar of the steel beam base frame (10), and the movable wedge on the attachment frame (9) clamps the crossbar of the tower frame (6). The slope of the clamping position of the combined movable wedge (1a) is adjustable. The combined movable wedge (1a) includes at least three independently movable wedges (1a1) arranged in the same direction, a rigid connecting plate (1a2) and an elastic pad (1a3). The independently movable wedges (1a1) of the same combined movable wedge (1a) receive the same control signal from the adjustment control module (4). The working surfaces of the independently movable wedges (1a1) are uniformly connected on the same side of the rigid connecting plate (1a2). The elastic pad (1a3) is arranged on the other side of the rigid connecting plate (1a2) and contacts the clamped part.

2. The foundationless construction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The independent movable wedge (1a1) includes a fixed plate (1a11), a connecting hinge (1a12), a first adjusting rod (1a13), a second adjusting rod (1a14), and a clamping plate (1a15). The fixed plate (1a11) is vertically arranged and fixed to the inner surface of the shaft. The lower end of the movable plate is hinged to the lower side of the fixed plate (1a11) via the connecting hinge (1a12). The first adjusting rod (1a13) and the second adjusting rod (1a14) ​​are telescopic lifting rods. The fixed end of the rod (1a14) ​​is vertically fixed to the outer surface of the fixed plate (1a11). The working ends of the first adjusting rod (1a13) and the second adjusting rod (1a14) ​​are both hinged to the clamping plate (1a15). The axis of the first adjusting rod (1a13) and the axis of the second adjusting rod (1a14) ​​are parallel to each other. The first adjusting rod (1a13) and the second adjusting rod (1a14) ​​are located at the same vertical projection position on the fixed plate (1a11). The length of the first adjusting rod (1a13) is greater than the length of the second adjusting rod (1a14).

3. A method of using a non-foundation based construction system according to claim 1, wherein: Includes the following steps: S1. An attachment frame (9) is installed on the side wall of the shaft, and a steel beam base frame (10) is installed at the bottom of the shaft. S2. Install the tower (6) inside the shaft and the spatial position sensor (1) on the node position of the tower (6) upward at the bottom of the shaft, and install the combined movable wedge (1a) on the attachment frame (9) at the same time as installing the tower (6), so that the combined movable wedge (1a) acts on the side wall of the tower (6); S3, a spatial position sensor (1) is installed on a tower (6) outside the shaft and on the tower (6), and an external climbing frame (7) and a top functional component (8) are installed on the tower (6). S4. Install a spatial reference sensor (2) at the location of the top floor slab of the building. S5. The mechanical model module (5) imports the tower crane model and adjusts the actual posture of the tower crane according to the spatial position sensor (1); S6. Set the vertical centerline in the mechanical model of the tower crane; S7, The center of gravity fitting module (3) accepts the fitting parameters from the mechanical model module (5) and fits the current center of gravity of the tower crane; S8. Adjust the control module (4) to obtain the centerline data and current center of gravity data from the center of gravity fitting module (3), control the vertical position of the external climbing frame (7) on the tower (6), and perform coarse adjustment of the center of gravity. S9. Adjust the control module (4) and select the combination movable wedge (1a) according to the center of gravity height to perform fine adjustment of the center of gravity.

4. A method of using a non-foundation based construction system according to claim 3, wherein: In step S9, the method for selecting the combined movable wedge (1a) based on the center of gravity height is as follows: the number A of the combined movable wedges (1a) to be selected in the vertical direction is determined based on the current center of gravity height. The center of gravity height is proportional to the number of selections A. The combined movable wedge (1a) that is closest to the center of gravity in the vertical direction and opposite to the direction of the center of gravity offset is selected as the adjustment base position. Combined movable wedges (1a) are selected sequentially in the vertical and vertical directions until the number meets the selection number A as the main combined movable wedge (1a) for this correction. The main combined movable wedge (1a) performs activity compensation in the opposite direction of the center of gravity offset. The activity compensation distance is gradually reduced in the vertical and vertical directions starting from the combined movable wedge (1a) that is closest to the center of gravity, until the activity compensation reaches the center of gravity correction.

5. A method of using a non-foundation based construction system according to claim 4, wherein: The remaining combined movable wedges (1a) on the attachment frame (9) where the main combined movable wedge (1a) is located provide stability compensation for the tower (6). The stability compensation direction is opposite to the movement compensation direction of the main combined movable wedge (1a) relative to the tower (6), and the stability compensation distance is less than the movement compensation distance.

Images