A waste sorting apparatus and method of sorting

Abstract

The application provides a waste sorting device and a sorting method, which comprise a sorting roller arranged obliquely, the sorting roller is divided into at least three sorting areas, the surface of the sorting area is provided with sorting openings, the aperture of the sorting openings gradually increases along the moving direction of the waste, the waste is thrown from the top end of the obliquely arranged sorting roller, and the step-by-step sorting of the waste with different sizes is completed through the sorting openings during the rotation of the sorting roller; the size of the sorting opening at the top is smaller, and the size of the sorting opening at the bottom is larger; the waste with a smaller size is sorted and discharged at the first sorting opening at the top; the sorting roller is arranged obliquely, the waste gradually rolls towards the bottom under the action of gravity, and the step-by-step sorting of the waste is completed during the rolling process. The application can realize the stage-by-stage and step-by-step circulating screening and sorting of the waste, and improves the sorting efficiency and the sorting effect.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of waste sorting, in particular to a waste sorting device and a sorting method. BACKGROUND

[0002] For some recyclable metal resources, the waste is screened and sorted by a sorting device, and the waste is sorted according to the size, type and form of the waste to meet the requirements of subsequent waste recycling.

[0003] Taking the sorting of waste aluminum as an example, the waste aluminum is usually sorted by a sorting drum with a screen hole on the surface to separate and store waste aluminum of different sizes. In order to improve the sorting effect of waste, the traditional sorting device needs to control the amount of waste in a unit of time and a unit of area to avoid waste stacking and to realize effective screening and sorting, or a single sorting drum is set to be longer in size to prolong the sorting time of waste in the sorting drum. The traditional sorting method has a long overall sorting time and low sorting efficiency. The scheme of prolonging the length of the sorting area has a large equipment volume, high overall investment and operation costs, and a large floor area, resulting in high sorting cost and poor sorting effect. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a waste sorting device and a sorting method, which can sort waste by stages and levels in a circulating manner, thereby improving the sorting efficiency and effect.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0006] A waste sorting device, comprising a sorting drum arranged obliquely, wherein the sorting drum is divided into at least three sorting areas, the surface of the sorting area is provided with a sorting opening, the aperture of the sorting opening gradually increases along the moving direction of the waste, a blocking device is arranged between two adjacent sorting areas, the blocking device comprises a blocking plate with an arc-shaped bottom, an installation opening is provided on the surface of the blocking plate, a turnover assembly is rotatably connected in the installation opening, a control device is arranged in the sorting drum, the control device is coaxially arranged with the sorting drum, and the blocking device is controlled to deflect by a predetermined angle by the control device.

[0007] Preferably, the sorting device further comprises a sorting mounting frame, the surface of the sorting mounting frame is provided with a rotary driving device for controlling the directional rotation of the sorting drum, the rotary driving device comprises an electric control device, a power transmission member and a power output shaft, the power output shaft is fixedly connected with the sorting drum, and the power transmission member transmits power between the output shaft of the electric control device and the power output shaft.

[0008] Preferably, a discharging device is arranged below the sorting drum, the discharging device comprises a plurality of parallel arranged discharging assemblies corresponding to the corresponding sorting areas, the discharging assembly comprises a discharging hopper and a belt conveyor arranged below the discharging hopper, and the plurality of belt conveyors are arranged in a stepped manner.

[0009] Preferably, the turning assembly comprises a turning control shaft arranged in the mounting opening, a turning drum is fixedly connected to the surface of the turning control shaft, at least two turning plates are fixedly connected to the surface of the turning drum in a circumferential manner, and a turning driving device is arranged on the surface of the barrier plate for controlling the rotation of the turning control shaft.

[0010] Preferably, the turning driving device comprises a turning driving shaft and an electric control element for controlling the rotation of the turning driving shaft, and the turning driving shaft and the turning control shaft are coupled through a belt transmission device.

[0011] Preferably, a gas pumping device is arranged outside the turning driving shaft, a plurality of groups of gas outlet assemblies arranged in a circumferential manner are opened on the surface of the turning drum, the gas outlet assemblies are close to the turning plates and located on the front side of the turning plates in the rotation direction of the turning plates, a gas distribution assembly is arranged at the rotating connection of the turning control shaft, and the gas pumping device and the gas outlet assemblies form a gas pumping loop in communication, and the gas distribution assembly is connected in series in the gas pumping loop for distributing the directional flow of the gas.

[0012] Preferably, the gas pumping device comprises an elastic gas pumping telescopic cylinder, two gas pumping pipes are communicated at the bottom of the gas pumping telescopic cylinder, a one-way valve is arranged inside the gas pumping pipe, a gas pumping cam is fixedly connected to the surface of the turning driving shaft, and the telescopic ends of the gas pumping telescopic cylinder are located on the rotating path of the gas pumping cam.

[0013] Preferably, the gas distribution assembly comprises a fixedly arranged first distribution disc and a rotationally arranged second distribution disc, the second distribution disc is arranged coaxially with the turning control shaft, a plurality of L-shaped first distribution openings are arranged in a circumferential manner inside the second distribution disc, an eccentrically arranged second distribution opening is arranged inside the second distribution disc, and the second distribution opening is located on the rotating path of the bent end of the first distribution opening.

[0014] Preferably, the control device comprises a first control sleeve and a second control sleeve, the first control sleeve is sleeved outside the second control sleeve and rotationally connected therebetween, a fixed ring is fixedly connected to the upper end of the barrier plate, a first mounting ring is fixed to the end of the first control sleeve, and a second mounting ring is fixed to the end of the second control sleeve.

[0015] A waste sorting method, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1, adjust the deflection of the blocking device to the bottom position by the control device, feed the waste from the top of the sorting drum, and control the directional rotation of the sorting drum;

[0017] S2, control the directional rotation of the material turning assembly while the sorting drum is rotating directionally, control the circulation of the waste in the first sorting area, and realize the first sorting;

[0018] S3, after the waste circulates and sorts in the first sorting area for a predetermined time, adjust the deflection of the blocking device to the top position by the control device, so that the waste after the first sorting enters the second sorting area to realize the second sorting.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0020] By setting the blocking plate at the adjacent sorting area, the position of the waste can be controlled by the blocking plate, so that the waste can realize circulating sorting in a single sorting area, thereby prolonging the waste sorting time without increasing the length of the sorting area, reducing the sorting cost, and improving the sorting efficiency and sorting effect; and by setting the material turning assembly and other devices, the waste can be controlled to be thrown during the circulating sorting, so that the waste can circulate in the corresponding sorting area, further improving the sorting efficiency and sorting effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 It is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of A of the present application; Figure 1

[0023] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the blocking device of the present application;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the present application; Figure 3

[0025] It is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of B of the present application; Figure 5 Figure 4

[0026] Figure 6 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of the present application; Figure 3

[0027] It is a control device structural schematic diagram of the present application. Figure 7

[0028] ​​​​In the figure: 100, sorting mount; 200, discharging device; 210, discharging hopper; 220, belt conveying device; 300, sorting drum; 310, sorting area; 311, sorting opening; 400, control device; 410, first control sleeve; 411, first mounting ring; 420, second control sleeve; 421, second mounting ring; 500, blocking device; 510, blocking plate; 511, mounting opening; 520, turnover assembly; 521, turnover control shaft; 522, turnover drum; 523, air outlet assembly; 524, turnover plate; 530, turnover driving device; 531, turnover driving shaft; 532, belt transmission device; 540, fixing ring; 541, positioning hole; 542, through opening; 600, rotary driving device; 610, electric control device; 620, power transmission member; 630, power output shaft; 700, air pumping device; 710, air pumping cam; 720, air pumping telescopic cylinder; 730, air pumping pipeline; 800, gas distribution assembly; 810, second distribution disc; 820, first distribution disc. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and examples.

[0030] Referring to the drawings Figure 1 - the drawings Figure 7 A waste sorting device, comprising a sorting drum 300 arranged obliquely, the sorting drum 300 is internally partitioned into at least three sorting areas 310, the surface of the sorting area 310 is provided with sorting openings 311, the aperture of the sorting openings 311 gradually increases along the direction of movement of the waste, the waste is thrown from the direction of the top end of the obliquely arranged sorting drum 300, and the waste of different sizes is sorted step by step through the sorting openings 311 in the process of rotation of the sorting drum 300, the sorting opening 311 at the top is smaller in size, and the sorting opening 311 at the bottom is larger in size, and the waste of smaller size is sorted at the first sorting opening 311 at the top; the sorting drum 300 is arranged obliquely, the waste gradually rolls towards the bottom under the action of gravity, and the waste is sorted step by step in the process of rolling.

[0031] In order to improve the sorting effect of the waste, the conventional sorting equipment needs to control the number of waste in a unit time and a unit area to avoid the stacking of waste, which leads to the failure to achieve effective screening and sorting, or the single sorting area 310 is arranged to be longer in size, thereby prolonging the sorting time of the waste in the sorting area 310; the conventional sorting method has a long sorting time and low sorting efficiency; the scheme of prolonging the length of the sorting area has a large equipment volume, high overall investment cost and operation cost, and large floor area, which leads to high sorting cost and poor sorting effect.

[0032] To address the aforementioned issues, a barrier device 500 is installed between two adjacent sorting zones 310. This barrier device 500 forms a barrier between the two adjacent sorting zones 310, confining waste within a single sorting zone 310 for cyclic sorting, thereby extending the waste sorting time. The barrier device 500 includes a barrier plate 510 with an arc-shaped bottom, the bottom of which is adapted to the inner wall of the sorting roller 300. An installation opening 511 is opened on the surface of the barrier plate 510, and a tilting assembly 520 is rotatably connected within the installation opening 511. The tilting assembly 520 can rotate directionally towards the top (see attached diagram). Figure 1 The material-turning component 520 (rotating counterclockwise) can throw the waste material near its position during rotation, applying an upward tilting force to the waste material. This throws the accumulated waste material back to its initial position, allowing the waste material to be recycled and sorted again. This avoids the bottom accumulation from putting too much pressure on the equipment, while achieving waste recycling and sorting, improving the overall sorting efficiency and effect, and shortening the sorting time.

[0033] A control device 400 is installed inside the sorting drum 300. The control device 400 is arranged coaxially with the sorting drum 300. The control device 400 controls the blocking device 500 to deflect by a predetermined angle. After a predetermined sorting time, the control device 400 controls the corresponding blocking device 500 to rotate. Specifically, the blocking device 500 rotates to the top position. At this time, the blocking device 500 is offset from the direction of waste movement. The waste that has been fully sorted in the first sorting enters the second sorting area 310 to achieve secondary sorting. The secondary sorting process is the same as the first sorting process, except that the sorting size is increased. The waste circulates and rolls in the second sorting area 310 to achieve full and efficient sorting.

[0034] It should be noted that the deflection of several blocking devices 500 is controlled individually. After the waste from the first sorting enters the second sorting zone 310, the blocking device 500 at the bottom of the second sorting zone 310 is in a bottom blocking state, which can limit the position of the waste. At the same time, after the waste has completely entered the second sorting zone 310, the first blocking device 500 is controlled to deflect to the bottom position. On the one hand, it can block the waste about to enter the first sorting zone 310, realizing cyclic screening and sorting. Similarly, it can also block the waste spilled in the second sorting zone 310. Through the blocking devices 500, different sorting zones 310 can be physically separated, ensuring the effectiveness of cyclic sorting within a single sorting zone 310.

[0035] The sorting device further comprises a sorting mounting frame 100, the surface of the sorting mounting frame 100 is provided with a rotary driving device 600 for controlling directional rotation of the sorting drum 300, the rotary driving device 600 comprises an electric control device 610, a power transmission member 620 and a power output shaft 630, the power output shaft 630 is fixedly connected with the sorting drum 300, power is transmitted between the output shaft of the electric control device 610 and the power output shaft 630 through the power transmission member 620, the power transmission member 620 can be selected to be in the form of a chain wheel and a chain for transmission, the sorting drum 300 is controlled to rotate directionally as a whole to realize sorting; the rotary driving device 600 is located at the bottom of the sorting drum 300, away from the direction of waste feeding, to ensure normal rotation of the sorting drum 300 to realize sorting.

[0036] It should be further pointed out here that the blocking device 500 is separately provided from the sorting drum 300, the blocking device 500 is flexibly attached to the inner wall of the sorting drum 300, a brush can be provided for flexible connection, the position of the blocking device 500 will not be affected in the process of one-way rotation of the sorting drum 300, the blocking device 500 will also not affect the rotating sorting drum 300 in the process of deflection of the blocking device 500 controlled by the control device 400, the blocking device 500 can be controlled to deflect synchronously in the process of rotation of the sorting drum 300, to ensure continuous sorting.

[0037] A discharging device 200 is arranged below the sorting drum 300, the discharged waste after sorting can be discharged separately through the discharging device 200 to realize automation of waste sorting; the discharging device 200 comprises a plurality of parallelly arranged discharging assemblies, the discharging assemblies correspond to the corresponding sorting areas 310, the discharging assembly comprises a discharging hopper 210 and a belt conveyor 220 arranged below the discharging hopper 210, the plurality of belt conveyors 220 are arranged in a stepped manner, the discharging hopper 210 is mounted on the surface of the sorting mounting frame 100 and located below the corresponding sorting area 310, to collect the descending waste, at the same time, the belt conveyor 220 is selected to be arranged below the discharging hopper 210, to transmit the concentrated waste, to realize fixed-point collection of different waste.

[0038] The adjacent sorting areas 310 are connected through a steel ring of the sorting opening 311, the outer side of the steel ring is provided with an outer gear ring, a gear matching the outer gear ring is mounted at the bottom of the sorting mounting frame 100, to limit and control rotation of the sorting area 310, at the same time, the position of the blocking device 500 is opposite to the position of the steel ring, the sorting drum 300 is designed to be hollow, to ensure normal deflection of the blocking device 500 and normal turning of the internal turning assembly 520.

[0039] Specific reference is made to the accompanying drawings Figure 3 , the accompanying drawings Figure 4 and the accompanying drawingsFigure 6 ; As a preferred way of turning over the material, wherein the turning over assembly 520 comprises a turning over control shaft 521 arranged in the mounting opening 511, the surface of the turning over control shaft 521 is fixedly connected with a turning over drum 522, the surface of the turning over drum 522 is circumferentially fixedly connected with at least two turning over plates 524, the surface of the blocking plate 510 is provided with a turning over driving device 530 for controlling the rotation of the turning over control shaft 521, the overall directional rotation of the turning over assembly 520 can be controlled through the turning over driving device 530, in the process of rotation, the end turning over plate 524 can exert force on the accumulated waste to throw it to the position above the side, realizing the recycling of waste; By arranging multiple turning over plates 524, the overall directional rotation of the turning over assembly 520 can be controlled, the turning over plate 524 is arranged at least two, the recycling process can be realized, which can match the rate of waste sorting and ensure the recycling of waste. Through the above scheme, the waste sorting efficiency can be improved, and the waste can be blocked by the turning over plate 524 to avoid entering the next sorting area 310, ensuring the orderly progress of waste sorting.

[0040] Specifically refer to the attached Figure 5 , wherein the turning over driving device 530 comprises a turning over driving shaft 531 and an electric control element for controlling the rotation of the turning over driving shaft 531, the turning over driving shaft 531 and the turning over control shaft 521 are connected through the belt transmission device 532, the power is transmitted through the belt transmission device 532, the transmission effect is stable, the equipment maintenance cost is low, at the same time, the size of the belt pulley connected with the turning over driving shaft 531 is smaller than that of the belt pulley connected with the turning over control shaft 521, in this process, the turning over control shaft 521 can be applied with greater torque in the process of rotation of the turning over driving shaft 531, which is convenient for turning over control of the turning over assembly 520 and ensures the throwing of waste.

[0041] In the process of waste throwing by the turnover plate 524, the side surface of the turnover plate 524 facing the waste will remain some fine impurities. In order to improve the cleanliness of the surface of the turnover plate 524 and ensure the height of the waste throwing of the surface of the turnover plate 524, a gas pumping device 700 is arranged outside the turnover driving shaft 531. The turnover roller 522 is provided with a plurality of groups of gas outlet assemblies 523 arranged in the circumferential direction. The gas outlet assemblies 523 are selected as a plurality of gas outlet holes arranged side by side, which can blow gas to the waste in a directional manner. The gas outlet assemblies 523 are close to the turnover plate 524 and located in front of the turnover plate 524 in the rotation direction. A gas distribution assembly 800 is arranged at the rotation connection of the turnover control shaft 521. The gas pumping device 700 is in communication with the gas outlet assemblies 523 to form a gas pumping loop. The gas distribution assembly 800 is connected in series in the gas pumping loop to distribute the directional flow of gas. The gas pumping device 700 can continuously and automatically generate gas to ensure the cleaning effect of the gas. At the same time, the gas distribution assembly 800 can distribute the gas in a directional manner. Specifically, the gas is distributed to one side of the gas outlet assembly 523 corresponding to the waste throwing turnover plate 524 to ensure the concentrated discharge of the gas and enhance the cleaning effect of the surface of the turnover plate 524 and the throwing effect of the waste.

[0042] As a preferred gas pumping mode, the gas pumping device 700 includes an elastic gas pumping telescopic cylinder 720. Two gas pumping pipes 730 are in communication with the bottom of the gas pumping telescopic cylinder 720. A one-way valve is arranged in the gas pumping pipe 730. A gas pumping cam 710 is fixedly connected to the surface of the turnover driving shaft 531. The telescopic end of the gas pumping telescopic cylinder 720 is located in the rotation path of the gas pumping cam 710. In the process of the gas pumping cam 710 approaching the gas pumping telescopic cylinder 720, the gas pumping telescopic cylinder 720 can be compressed in a directional manner. In the process of the gas pumping cam 710 moving away, the gas pumping telescopic cylinder 720 can reset under the action of its elasticity. At the same time, in this process, the one-way valve in the pipe can control the one-way flow of the gas to realize the directional pumping of the gas. By arranging the above-mentioned gas pumping mode, the turnover assembly 520 can be controlled synchronously during the turnover process. At the same time, the turnover driving shaft 531 has a high rotation speed, which can continuously pump out the gas to ensure the stability of the cleaning effect of the gas.

[0043] As a preferred distribution mode, wherein the gas distribution assembly 800 comprises a fixedly arranged first distribution disc 820 and a rotationally arranged second distribution disc 810, the second distribution disc 810 is coaxially arranged with the turnover control shaft 521, a plurality of L-shaped first distribution openings are arranged circumferentially inside the second distribution disc 810, and an eccentrically arranged second distribution opening is arranged inside the second distribution disc 810, the second distribution opening is located on the rotation path of the bent end of the first distribution opening, the turnover control shaft 521 is a hollow shaft, and a gas conveying pipeline is arranged inside for conveying gas, in this process, the first distribution opening in the second distribution disc 810 rotates to the second distribution opening, and the two are in communication, at this time, the gas can be pumped into the corresponding gas conveying pipeline of the first distribution opening, and finally pumped out from the corresponding gas outlet assembly 523, completing the directional pumping of the gas; the position of the gas outlet can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the first distribution disc 820, and the first distribution disc 820 and the second distribution disc 810 are sealingly and rotatably connected, in the case that the first distribution opening and the second distribution opening are not connected, the first distribution disc 820 is in the process of accumulating gas, and finally the gas is discharged at one time after the connection is completed.

[0044] Specifically refer to the accompanying drawings Figure 7 As a preferred control mode, wherein the control device 400 comprises a first control sleeve 410 and a second control sleeve 420, the first control sleeve 410 is sleeved outside the second control sleeve 420 and is rotatably connected therebetween, the blocking plate 510 is fixedly connected with a fixed ring 540 at the upper end, the first control sleeve 410 is fixed with a first mounting ring 411 at the end, the second control sleeve 420 is fixed with a second mounting ring 421 at the end, a through opening 542 is formed in the middle position of the fixed ring 540, the second control sleeve 420 can pass through the through opening 542, a positioning hole 541 is arranged outside the through opening 542, a bolt can pass through the positioning hole 541 for fixation, the corresponding mounting ring and the fixed ring 540 are detachably fixedly connected by the bolt, the deflection of the blocking plate 510 can be controlled by the corresponding control sleeve, different blocking plates 510 can be controlled individually, the time requirement of waste sorting of different sizes can be adapted, the waste sorting efficiency is improved, the adaptive sorting is realized, and the stability of sorting is ensured.

[0045] Taking the sorting of waste aluminum cans and waste ring type aluminum materials as an example, a waste sorting method using the above sorting device comprises the following steps:

[0046] S1, adjust the deflection of the blocking device 500 to the bottom position by the control device 400, feed the waste from the top of the sorting drum 300, and control the directional rotation of the sorting drum 300; the waste is continuously sorted while rotating with the sorting drum 300.

[0047] S2, while the sorting drum 300 is oriented to rotate, the turnover assembly 520 is controlled to rotate, the waste is circulated in the first sorting area 310, and one-time sorting is realized. Under the blocking of the blocking device 500, the waste can be circulated and sorted in the first sorting area 310, and in the sorting process, the accumulated waste can be thrown and scattered by controlling the turnover assembly 520 to rotate, the waste can be circulated and rolled in the sorting area 310, and under the premise of not increasing the length of the sorting area 310, the stability of waste sorting can be ensured; the easy-open can type waste aluminum has small mass and small impact on the equipment, and the equipment is stable in throwing and sorting.

[0048] S3, when the waste is circulated and sorted in the first sorting area 310 for a predetermined time, the small-size waste sorting is basically completed, then the blocking device 500 is adjusted to be deflected to the top position by the control device 400, so that the waste after one-time sorting enters the second sorting area 310 to realize secondary sorting. After the blocking device 500 is deflected to the top position, in the process of rotating the sorting drum 300, the waste can automatically roll into the second sorting area 310 to realize re-sorting, realize the secondary sorting process, and the subsequent sorting process is referred to the above sorting process, realize three times of sorting and multiple times of sorting.

[0049] At the same time, in the process of sorting and throwing, gas can be sprayed at the air outlet assembly 523, the waste on the surface of the turnover plate 524 can be pushed and the surface thereof can be cleaned, so that the stability of waste sorting and throwing is ensured, and the continuity of waste sorting is realized.

[0050] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and does not limit the present application, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A waste sorting device, comprising a sorting drum (300) arranged obliquely, the sorting drum (300) is internally partitioned into at least three sorting areas (310), the sorting areas (310) are provided with sorting openings (311) on the surface, the aperture of the sorting openings (311) gradually increases along the direction of waste movement, characterized in that: a blocking device (500) is arranged between two adjacent sorting areas (310), the blocking device (500) comprises a blocking plate (510) with an arc-shaped bottom, the blocking plate (510) is provided with a mounting opening (511) on the surface, a turnover assembly (520) is rotatably connected in the mounting opening (511), a control device (400) is arranged in the sorting drum (300), the control device (400) is coaxially arranged with the sorting drum (300), wherein the blocking device (500) is controlled to deflect by a predetermined angle by the control device (400); the turnover assembly (520) comprises a turnover control shaft (521) arranged in the mounting opening (511), the turnover control shaft (521) is fixedly connected with a turnover drum (522) on the surface, at least two turnover plates (524) are fixedly connected with the turnover drum (522) on the surface, turnover driving devices (530) are arranged on the surface of the blocking plate (510) for controlling the rotation of the turnover control shaft (521). Further comprising a sorting mounting frame (100), the sorting mounting frame (100) is provided with a rotation driving device (600) on the surface for controlling the directional rotation of the sorting drum (300), the rotation driving device (600) comprises an electric control device (610), a power transmission element (620) and a power output shaft (630), the power output shaft (630) is fixedly connected with the sorting drum (300), and the power is transmitted between the output shaft of the electric control device (610) and the power output shaft (630) through the power transmission element (620).

2. A waste sorting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein, A discharging device (200) is arranged below the sorting drum (300), the discharging device (200) comprises a plurality of parallel arranged discharging assemblies, the discharging assemblies correspond to the corresponding sorting areas (310), the discharging assembly comprises a discharging hopper (210) and a belt conveying device (220) below the discharging hopper (210), and a plurality of belt conveying devices (220) are arranged in a stepped manner.

3. A waste sorting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The turnover driving device (530) comprises a turnover driving shaft (531) and an electric control element for controlling the rotation of the turnover driving shaft (531), the turnover driving shaft (531) and the turnover control shaft (521) are coupled through a belt transmission device (532).

4. A waste sorting apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein, ​ 5. A waste sorting apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein, The outer side of the material turning driving shaft (531) is provided with a gas pumping device (700), the surface of the material turning roller (522) is provided with a plurality of groups of gas outlet assemblies (523) arranged in the circumferential direction, the gas outlet assemblies (523) are close to the material turning plate (524) and located at the front side of the material turning plate (524) in the rotating direction, and the gas distribution assembly (800) is arranged at the rotating connection position of the material turning control shaft (521), wherein the gas pumping device (700) and the gas outlet assemblies (523) are communicated to form a gas pumping loop, and the gas distribution assembly (800) is connected in series in the gas pumping loop and used for distributing the directional flow of the gas.

6. A waste sorting apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein, The gas pumping device (700) comprises an elastic gas pumping telescopic cylinder (720), two gas pumping pipes (730) are communicated at the bottom of the gas pumping telescopic cylinder (720), one-way valves are arranged in the gas pumping pipes (730), and a gas pumping cam (710) is fixedly connected to the surface of the material turning driving shaft (531). The telescopic end of the gas pumping telescopic cylinder (720) is located on the rotating path of the gas pumping cam (710).

7. A waste sorting apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein, The gas distribution assembly (800) comprises a first distribution disc (820) arranged in a fixed mode and a second distribution disc (810) arranged in a rotating mode, the second distribution disc (810) is arranged in the coaxial line with the material turning control shaft (521), a plurality of L-shaped first distribution openings are arranged in the circumferential direction in the second distribution disc (810), and an eccentric second distribution opening is arranged in the second distribution disc (810) and located on the rotating path of the bent end of the first distribution opening.

8. A waste sorting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The control device (400) comprises a first control sleeve (410) and a second control sleeve (420), the first control sleeve (410) is arranged outside the second control sleeve (420) and connected in rotation therebetween, a fixed ring (540) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the blocking plate (510), a first mounting ring (411) is fixed to the end of the first control sleeve (410), and a second mounting ring (421) is fixed to the end of the second control sleeve (420).

9. A method of sorting waste material, characterised in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1, adjusting the deflection of the blocking device (500) to the bottom position by the control device (400), feeding the waste from the top of the sorting roller (300), and controlling the directional rotation of the sorting roller (300); S2, controlling the directional rotation of the material turning assembly (520) while the sorting roller (300) rotates directionally, controlling the circulation of the waste in the first sorting area (310), and realizing the first sorting; S3, after the waste circulates and sorts in the first sorting area (310) for a predetermined time, adjusting the deflection of the blocking device (500) to the top position by the control device (400), so that the waste after the first sorting enters the second sorting area (310) to realize the second sorting.

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